Ohio Swiss Milk Products manufactures and distributes ice cream in Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia. The company wants to expand operations by locating another plant in northern Ohio. The size of the new plant will be a function of the expected demand for ice cream within the area served by the plant. A mar-ket survey is currently under way to determine that demand. Ohio Swiss wants to estimate the relationship between the manufacturing cost per gallon and the number of gallons sold in a year to determine the demand for ice cream and, thus, the size of the new plant. The following data have been collected.

Plant Cost per Thousand Gallons (Y) Thousands of Gallons Sold (X)
1 $1,015 416.9
2 973 472.5
3 1,046 250
4 1,006 372.1
5 1,058 238.1
6 1,068 258,6
7 967 597
8 997 414
9 1,044 263.2
10 1,008 372
Total $10,182 3,654.40

Required:
a. Develop a regression equation to forecast the cost per gallon as a function of the number of gallons produced.
b. What are the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination? Comment on your regression equation in light of these measures.
c. Suppose that the market survey indicates a demand of 325,000 gallons in the Bucyrus Ohio, area. Estimate the manufacturing cost per gallon for a plant producing 325,000 gallons peryear.

Answer:

a. The regression equation required is Y = 915.18 – 0.2819X.

b. b-1. Correlation coefficient (r) = –0.9423

b-2. Coefficient of determination = r^2 = 88.80%

b-3. The negative correlation coefficient of -0.9423 implies that increase in X mostly causes a decrease in Y. The coefficient of determination implies that 88.80% variation in Y is explained by X.

c. The manufacturing cost per gallon is $823.56.

Explanation:

Note: See the attached excel file for the calculation of Mean of X and Y and other values.

a. Develop a regression equation to forecast the cost per gallon as a function of the number of gallons produced.

The regression can be written as follows:

Y = bo + b1X ………………… (1)

b1 = (Sum of (Y - Mean of Y) * (X - Mean of X)) / (Sum of (X - Mean of X)^2) = –34,273.08 / 121,585.14 = –0.2819

b0 = Mean of Y – (b1 * Mean of X) = 1,018.20 - (365.44 * 0.2819) = 915.18

Substituting b) and b1 values into equation (1), regression equation to forecast the cost per gallon as a function of the number of gallons produced can be written as follows:

Y = 915.18 – 0.2819X ……………………….. (2)

Equation (2) is the regression equation required.

b. What are the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination? Comment on your regression equation in light of these measures.

b-1. Correlation coefficient (r) can be calculated using the following formula:

r = (Sum of (Y - Mean of Y) * (X - Mean of X)) / ((Sum of (Y - Mean of Y)^2) * (Sum of (X - Mean of X)^2))^0.5 = –34,273.08 / (10,879.60 * 121,585.14)^0.5 = –0.9423

b-2. Coefficient of determination = r^2 = –0.94^2 = 0.8880, or 88.80%

b-3. The negative correlation coefficient of -0.9423 implies that increase in X mostly causes a decrease in Y. The coefficient of determination implies that 88.80% variation in Y is explained by X.

c. Suppose that the market survey indicates a demand of 325,000 gallons in the Bucyrus Ohio, area. Estimate the manufacturing cost per gallon for a plant producing 325,000 gallons per year.

Since X and Y are in thousands, 325,000 gallons implies we have:

X = 325

Substitute X = 325 into equation (2), we have:

Y = 915.18 - (0.2819 * 325)

Expressing in full form, we have:

Y = $823

Therefore, the manufacturing cost per gallon is $823.56.

In the Assembly Department of Hannon Company, budgeted and actual manufacturing overhead costs for the month of April 2020 were as follows. Budget Actual Indirect materials $15,700 $14,800 Indirect labor 21,300 22,100 Utilities 11,100 11,900 Supervision 5,100 5,100 All costs are controllable by the department manager. Prepare a responsibility report for April for the cost center.

Suppose that Expresso and Beantown are the only two firms that sell coffee. The following payoff matrix shows the profit (in millions of dollars) each company will earn depending on whether or not it advertises:

Beantown
Advertise Doesn't Advertise
Expresso Advertise 8, 8 15, 2
Doesn't Advertise 2, 15 9, 9

For example, the upper right cell shows that if Expresso advertises and Beantown doesn't advertise, Expresso will make a profit of $15 million, and Beantown will make a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Expresso and Beantown are both profit-maximizing firms.

If Expresso decides to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ ____________ million if Beantown advertises and a profit of $ _________ million if Beantown does not advertise. If Expresso decides not to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ ____________ million if Beantown advertises and a profit of $_________ million if Beantown does not advertise.

Martha is looking into investing a portion of her recent bonus into the stock market. While researching different companies, she discovers the following standard deviations of one year of daily stock closing prices. Handy Prosthetics: Standard deviation of stock prices =$1.05 El Lobo Malo Incorporated: Standard deviation of stock prices =$9.82 Based on the data and assuming these trends continue, which company would give Martha a stable long-term investment?

Product A consists of two units of Subassembly B, two units of C, and one unit of D. B is composed of four units of E and two units of F. C is made of two units of H and three units of D. H is made of five units of E and two units of G. To produce 100 units of A, determine the numbers of units of B, C, D, E, F, G, and H required using the low-level coded product structure tree.
Level 0 100 units of A
Level 1 units of B
units of C
Level 2 units of F
units of H
units of D
Level 3 units of E
units of G

King Electronics, a retailer of video equipment, sold two VCR's to Larson, a psychologist, for her personal use in her home. The sale to Larson was made on credit. King retained a security interest in the VCR's sold but did not file a financing statement. Mills, A creditor of Larson, subsequently filed an attachment on the VCR's. Mills has asserted that his lien on the two VCR's is superior to King's security interest because King failed to perfect his security interest. Decide.

Parker Company pays each member of its sales staff a salary as well as a commission on
each unit sold. For the coming year, Parker plans to increase all salaries by 5% and to keep
unchanged the commission paid on each unit sold. Because of increased demand, Parker
expects the volume of sales to increase by 10%. How will the total cost of sales salaries and
commissions change for the coming year?
A. Increase by 5% or less.
B. Increase by more than 5% but less than 10%.

Evan phoned his representative when he received his most recent statement on his deferred annuity. Evan is 65 and purchased the fixed annuity seven years ago to be a conservative part of his portfolio. Evan has read and heard a lot about how the market is beginning to take off and that variable annuities have considerable growth potential. He wants to get out of the fixed annuity and purchase a variable annuity to earn a higher return. The representative should:

Shondura Inc. focuses on both local responsiveness and standardization in global business. The company typically begins with a strong emphasis in a single strategy and then works to minimize the downsides associated with that strategy as much as possible as they begin to implement the second strategy. Which of the following is best exemplified in this case?

a. A multidomestic strategy
b. A global strategy
c. An arbitrage strategy
d. A transnational strategy

Advertising department expenses of $26,700 and purchasing department expenses of $46,700 of Cozy Bookstore are allocated to operating departments on the basis of dollar sales and purchase orders, respectively. Information about the allocation bases for the three operating departments follows.
Department Sales Purchase Orders
Books $180,400 1,290
Magazines 123,000 690
Newspapers 106,600 1,020
Total $410,000 3,000
Complete a table by allocating the expenses of the two service departments (advertising and purchasing) to the three operating departments.

Viola has to relocate for her job. She finds a townhome with an option to rent or buy. The conditions of each are shown below. Rent: Move-in costs of $2,380 and.monthly payment of $845. Buy: Move-in costs of $5,260 and monthly payment of $785. Viola moves frequently due to her job, but she thinks that she will stay in the area for 4 years. Therefore, she decided to buy. Cho0se the best evaluation of Viola's deci a. Since the costs would be the same over the 4 year period, she will have made a good decision if the property value does not decrease. b. She made a fairly good decision. Buying the townhome will be cheaper over the 4 year period as long as she doesn't have major repairs to make. C. She made a poor decision if the property value does not increase. Renting the townhome would be cheaper over the 4 year period. d. There is not enough information given to determine which option is best.​

Andrew is deciding whether to remain in the home he has lived in for the past ten years, which is located very near his work, or to move into a newer home that is located in the suburbs farther from his job. The old house was purchased for $160,000 and has a market value of $220,000. The new home can be purchased for $285,000. Which of the following is not relevant to Andrew's decision?

a. Driving distance to work
b. Cost of the old house
c. Market value of the old house
d. Cost of the new house

Lens Junction sells lenses for $44 each and is estimating sales of 16,000 units in January and 17,000 in February. Each lens consists of 2 pounds of silicon costing $2.50 per pound, 3 oz of solution costing $3 per ounce, and 15 minutes of direct labor at a labor rate of $18 per hour. Desired inventory levels are: Jan. 31 Feb. 28 Mar. 31 Beginning inventory Finished goods 4,300 4,800 4,900 Direct materials: silicon 8,300 9,200 9,000 Direct materials: solution 11,000 12,200 12,900

Match the items with the appropriate definitions. Items which are not definitions will be used.
Barter Double coincidence of wants Money
Answer Bank
paper bills and coins
a situation where two individuals each want some good or service that the other can provide
trading one good for another without the use of money
whatever serves society in three functions: medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account
an event that occurs in conjunction with an unrelated event
a situation in which money is used to facilitate economic transactions

Tucan Company manufactures a product requiring 0.5 ounces of platinum per unit. The cost of platinum is approximately $300 per ounce; the company maintains an ending platinum inventory equal to 10% of the following month's production usage. The following data were taken from the most recent quarterly production budget:

July August September
Planned production in units 1,000 11,00 980

The cost of platinum to be purchased to support August production is:_______

General Motors Corporation reported the following information in its 10-K report:

Inventories at December 31 ($ millions) 2008 2007
Productive material, work in process, and supplies $4,849 $6,267
Finished product, service parts, etc. 9,426 10,095
Total inventories at FIFO 14,275 16,362
Less LIFO allowance (1,233) (1,423)
Total automotive and other inventories, less allowances $13,042 $14,939

The company reports its inventory using the LIFO costing method during 2007 and 2008.

Required:
a. At what dollar amount are inventories reported on its 2008 balance sheet?
b. At what dollar amount would inventories have been reported in 2008 if FIFO inventory costing had been used?

A Quality Analyst wants to construct a sample mean chart for controlling a packaging process. He knows from past experience that whenever this process is under control, package weight is normally distributed with a mean of twenty ounces and a standard deviation of two ounces. Each day last week, he randomly selected four packages and weighed each:

Day Weight (ounces)
Monday 23 22 23 24
Tuesday 23 21 19 21
Wednesday 20 19 20 21
Thursday 18 19 20 19
Friday 18 20 22 20

What are the upper and lower control limits for these data?

a. UCL = 22.644 LCL = 18.556
b. UCL = 22.700 LCL = 18.500
c. UCL = 22.755 LCL = 18.642
d. UCL = 21.814 LCL = 19.300

Which of the following show negative cash flow?

The budget director for Kanosh Cleaning Services prepared the following list of expected selling and administrative expenses. All expenses requiring cash payments are paid for in the month incurred except salary expense and insurance. Salary is paid in the month following the month in which it is incurred. The insurance premium for six months is paid on October 1. October is the first month of operations; accordingly, there are no beginning account balances.

October November December
Budgeted S&A Expenses
Equipment lease expense $5,800 $5,800 $5,800
Salary expense 6,700 7,200 7,600
Cleaning supplies 2,880 2,720 3,040
Insurance expense 1,800 1,800 1,800
Depreciation on computer 2,400 2,400 2,400
Rent 2,100 2,100 2,100
Miscellaneous expenses 710 710 710
Total operating expenses $22,390 $22,730 $23,450
Schedule of Cash Payments for S&A Expenses
Equipment lease expense
Prior month's salary expense 100%
Cleaning supplies
Insurance premium
Depreciation on computer
Rent
Miscellaneous expenses
Total disbursements for operating expenses $22,290 $18,030 $18,850


Required:
a. Complete the schedule of cash payments for S&A expenses by filling in the missing amounts.
b. Determine the amount of salaries payable the company will report on its pro forma balance sheet at the end of the fourth quarter.
c. Determine the amount of prepaid insurance the company will report on its pro forma balance sheet at the end of the fourth quarter.

Which of these career positions typically advise customers of the amount of money they need to support their families in case of death or to protect themselves in case of an emergency with their homes or cars?

bank teller

insurance agent

financial manager

mortgage broker

Last summer, Maria decided to join a bowling league with some colleagues from work. They formed a team and bowled together several times to get to know one another better. The week before the league started, the team had to come up with a name. During a meeting to discuss this, Maria and her teammate Tim got into a heated debate because Maria wanted their name to be The Lucky Strikes, whereas Tim wanted the team name to be The Pin City Pimps. While yelling at each other, it became clear that Maria thought she should be the team manager because she had formed the team. Tim was just as adamant that he should be team manager because he is the more experienced bowler.

1. As Sunita and Hubert argue about the team name, what stage of development is their bowling team in?

a. Storming
b. Norming
c. Performing
d. Forming

2. If a team leader wanted to help a team such as Sunita’s get through the storming stage of team development, he or she should take which of the following actions? Check all that apply.

a. Encourage participation by all team members.
b. Help the team discourage free riding.
c. Disband the team.
d. Watch for blocking, or disruptive, behaviors and help prevent them.

Fitness Fanatics is a regional chain of health clubs. The managers of the clubs, who have authority to make investments as needed, are evaluated based largely on return on investment (ROI). The company's Springfield Club reported the following results for the past year:

Sales $1,400,000
Net operating income $70,000
Average operating assets $350,000

Required:
a. Compute the Springfield club's return on investment (ROI), margin and turnover value.
b. Assume that the manager of the club is able to increase sales by $70,000 and that, as a result, net operating income increases by $18,200. Further, assume that this is possible without any increase in operating assets. What would be the club's return on investment (ROI), margin and turnover value?
c. Assume that the manager of the club is able to reduce expenses by $14,000 without any change in sales or operating assets. What would be the club's return on investment (ROI), margin and turnover value?

Jeremy Ortiz is an employee of Insulor Flooring, where his job responsibilities include selling service contracts to customers. Jeremy is single with two withholding allowances. He receives an annual salary of $36,000 and receives a 3 percent commission on all sales. During the semimonthly pay period ending September 29, 20XX, Jeremy sold $20,000 of service contracts.

Required:
Complete the payroll register for the September 29 pay period.

using a scale: Three boys Isaac ,Alex and Ken are standing in different parts of a field .Isaac is 100 metres north of Alex and Ken is 120 metres east of Alex .Find the compass bearing of Ken from Isaac​

Assume the following information for Windsor Corp.

Accounts receivable (beginning balance) $139,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts (beginning balance) 11,450
Net credit sales 940,000
Collections 917,000
Write-offs of accounts receivable 5,600
Collections of accounts previously written off 1,600

Uncollectible accounts are expected to be 9% of the ending balance in accounts receivable.

Required:
Prepare the entries to record sales and collections during the period.

The projected benefit obligation was $280 million at the beginning of the year and $300 million at the end of the year. Service cost for the year was $18 million. At the end of the year, there were no pension-related other comprehensive income accounts. The actuary’s discount rate was 5%. What was the amount of the retiree benefits paid by the trustee?

Problem 2-15 (Algorithmic) Life Insurance (LO 2.8) Sharon transfers to Russ a life insurance policy with a cash surrender value of $24,800 and a face value of $74,400 in exchange for real estate. Russ continues to pay the premiums on the policy until Sharon dies 7 years later. At that time, Russ has paid $11,160 in premiums, and he collects the $74,400 face value. How much of the proceeds, if any, is taxable to Russ

You are 25 years old and are considering full-time study for an MBA degree. Tuition and other direct costs will be $60,000 per year for two years. In addition, you will have to give up your current job that has a salary of $50,000 per year. Assume tuition is paid and salary received at the end of each year. By how much does your salary have to increase (in real terms) as a result of getting your MBA degree to justify the investment? Assume a real interest rate of 2% per year, ignore taxes, assume that the salaries for both jobs increase at the rate of inflation (i.e. they stay constant in real terms), and that you retire at 65. Note: the $1 for T periods annuity formula is (1/r)*[1-1/(1+r)^T]. g

The Chilton Corporation specializes in manufacturing one type of desk lamp. Chilton allocates variable manufacturing overhead costs on the basis of machine hours. Chilton budgeted 0.3 machine hours per lamp and allocates overhead at a rate of $1.90 per machine hour. Last year Chilton manufactured 19,000 lamps, used 7,600 machine hours and incurred actual overhead costs of $12,920. What was​ Chilton's variable manufacturing overhead efficiency variance last​ year?
A. ​$9,660 favorable
B. ​$4,140 unfavorable
C. ​$4,140 favorable
D. ​$9,660 unfavorable

Direct Materials Variances The following data relate to the direct materials cost for the production of 20,000 automobile tires: Actual: 80,000 lbs. at $2.65 $212,000 Standard: 86,000 lbs. at $2.50 $215,000 a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter favorable variances as negative numbers. Enter unfavorable variances as positive numbers. Price variance $fill in the blank 1 Quantity variance fill in the blank 3 Total direct materials cost variance $fill in the blank 5 b. The direct materials price variance should normally be reported to the . The direct materials quantity variance due to a malfunction of equipment that had not been properly operated should be reported to the . The total materials cost variance should be reported to the .

Blue Point Company is formulating its marketing expense budget for the month of September. Sales in units for August amounted to 4,000; sales volume in September is expected to increase by 10%. So far for the current year, fixed marketing expense per month amounted to $5,000 of salaries and $1,500 of depreciation. Variable marketing expense amount to $.15 paid in cash in the month of sale. What is the estimated cash payment for marketing expense in the month of September