Answer:
was possible, using an experimental aircraft," said Håvard Grip, Ingenuity’s chief pilot at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. "With Ingenuity, we're trying to do the same for Mars."
Here are six things you should know about the first helicopter going to another planet:
1. Ingenuity is a flight test.
Ingenuity is what is known as a technology demonstration – a project that seeks to test a new capability for the first time, with limited scope. Previous groundbreaking technology demonstrations include the Mars Pathfinder rover Sojourner and the tiny Mars Cube One (MarCO) CubeSats that flew by Mars in 2018.
Ingenuity features four specially made carbon-fiber blades, arranged into two rotors that spin in opposite directions at around 2,400 rpm – many times faster than a passenger helicopter on Earth. It also has innovative solar cells, batteries, and other components. Ingenuity doesn't carry science instruments and is a separate experiment from the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover.
2. Ingenuity will be the first aircraft to attempt controlled flight on another planet.
NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter will make history's first attempt at powered flight on another planet next spring. It is riding with the agency's next mission to Mars (the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover) as it launches from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station later this summer. Perseverance, with Ingenuity attached to its belly, will land on Mars February 18, 2021.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
What makes it hard for a helicopter to fly on Mars? For one thing, Mars' thin atmosphere makes it difficult to achieve enough lift. Because the Mars atmosphere is 99% less dense than Earth's, Ingenuity has to be light, with rotor blades that are much larger and spin much faster than what would be required for a helicopter of Ingenuity's mass on Earth.
It can also be bone-chillingly cold at Jezero Crater, where Perseverance will land with Ingenuity attached to its belly in February 2021. Nights there dip down to minus 130 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 90 degrees Celsius). While Ingenuity's team on Earth has tested the helicopter at Martian temperatures and believes it should work on Mars as intended, the cold will push the design limits of many of Ingenuity's parts.
In addition, flight controllers at JPL won't be able to control the helicopter with a joystick. Communication delays are an inherent part of working with spacecraft across interplanetary distances. Commands will need to be sent well in advance, with engineering data coming back from the spacecraft long after each flight takes place. In the meantime, Ingenuity will have a lot of autonomy to make its own decisions about how to fly to a waypoint and keep itself warm.
3. Ingenuity is a fitting name for a robot that is the result of extreme creativity.
High school student Vaneeza Rupani of Northport, Alabama, originally submitted the name Ingenuity for the Mars 2020 rover, before it was named Perseverance, but NASA officials recognized the submission as a terrific name for the helicopter, given how much creative thinking the team employed to get the mission off the ground.
"The ingenuity and brilliance of people working hard to overcome the challenges of interplanetary travel are what allow us all to experience the wonders of space exploration," Rupani wrote. "Ingenuity is what allows people to accomplish amazing things."
NASA's Mars 2020 Perseverance rover and NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter (shown in an artist's concept)
In February 2021, NASA's Mars 2020 Perseverance rover and NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter (shown in an artist's concept) will be the agency's two newest explorers on Mars. Both were named by students as part of an essay contest.
Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Full image and caption
4. Ingenuity has already demonstrated feats of engineering.
In careful steps from 2014 to 2019, engineers at JPL demonstrated that it was possible to build an aircraft that was lightweight, able to generate enough lift in Mars' thin atmosphere, and capable of surviving in a Mars-like environment. They tested progressively more advanced models in special space simulators at JPL. In January 2019, the actual helicopter that is riding with Perseverance to the Red Planet passed its final flight evaluation. Failing any one of these milestones would've grounded the experiment.
5. The Ingenuity team will count success one step at a time.
Given the firsts Ingenuity is trying to accomplish, the team has a long list of milestones they'll need to pass before the helicopter can take off and land in the spring of 2021. The team will celebrate each time they meet one. The milestones include:
Suppose that a car weighing 4000 pounds is supported by four shock absorbers Each shock absorber has a spring constant of 6500 lbs/foot, so the effective spring constant for the system of 4 shock absorbers is 26000 lbs/foot. Assume no damping and determine the period of oscillation of the vertical motion of the car.
Required:
a. Assume no damping and determine the period of oscillation of the vertical motion of the car.
b. After 10 seconds the car body is 1/3 foot above its equilibrium position and at the high point in its cycle. What were the initial conditions?
Answer:
0.43622 seconds
0.9158 foot
-4.43 ffot/sec
Explanation:
we first find the period of oscillation
= 2π√w/gk
= 2π√4000/32x2600
= 2π√0.00481
= 2π0.0694
= 0.43622
b. we find the angular velocity
2π/T
= 2π/0.43622
= 14.41 rad/sec
we find displacement
rom the calculation in the attachment
Ф = -144.1
initial condition
1*cos(-144.1 rad)
= 0.9158 foot
initial velocity of the car
= (-1)(14.41)sin(ω(0)-144.1)
= -4.44 foot/sec
a shopping bag can provide an upward force of 65N before breaking. A shopper puts 5 kg of groceries in the bag. If the shopper tries to lift the bag with an upward acceleration of 2 m/s/s, will the bag break?
Answer:
Since Force is Mass * Acceleration, the equation would be:
5kg * 2m^2 = 10N
(10N is less than 65N)
Therefore, it would not be enough force for the bag to break.
Calculate the number of moles of water molecules in 12 dm' of water
vapour at STP.
Answer:
[tex]22.4 \: {dm}^{3} \: are \: occupied \: by \: 1 \: mole \\ 12 \: {dm}^{3} \: will \: be \: occupied \: by \: ( \frac{12}{22.4} ) \: moles \\ = 0.536 \: moles[/tex]
Number of moles of water molecules in 12 dm^3 of water =667 moles
What is mole ?A mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contain exactly 6.022 * 10 ^23 elementary entities of the given substance
1 dm ^3 = 1 L
12 dm^3 = 12 L
density of water = mass / volume
mass = 1000kg/m^3 * 0.012 m^3
mass = 12 kg = 12 * 10 ^ 3 g
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 12 * 10 ^ (3 ) g / 18 g/mole
= 0.667 *10 ^ (3 )
= 667 moles
Number of moles of water molecules in 12 dm^3 of water =667 moles
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~⇆First person to accurently tell me why a ball falls to the ground I will give brainliest to and you can have the points⇄~
║-This isn't for anything I'm doing just for fun and easy points-║
Answer:
because of gravity the ball falls
Answer:
Gravity
Explanation:
Gravity is the force the world gives which I magnetic and yeah-
May
SHOW YOUR WORK IN ALL QUESTIONS. Acceleration due to gravity: a = 9.81 m/s2
1.) (a) A ball is dropped from 4 meters above the ground. If it begins at rest, how long does it take
to hit the ground?
(b) A ball is thrown upward at 4 meters per second starting from ground level. How long does it
take for the ball to return to the ground?
(c) If a ball that is 4 meters above the ground is thrown horizontally at 4 meters per second,
how long will it take for the ball to hit the ground?
(d) In question (c) above, how far will the ball travel in the horizontal direction before it hits th
ground?
(e) Drop a ball from a height of 2 meters and, using a stopwatch, record the time it takes to
reach the ground. Repeat this two more times and record all the times in the table belov-
then find the average time. Be sure to release the ball from rest rather than throwing it
or down.
Test Number
Time (seconds)
Answer:
a) t = 0.90 s, b) t = 0.815 s, c) t = 0.90 s, d) x = 3.6 m, e) t = 0.639 s
Explanation:
all these exercises are about kinematics
a) The body is released from rest,
y = y₀ + v₀ t - ½ g t²
in this case when reaching the ground y = 0 and its initial velocity is vo = 0
0 = y₀ + 0 - ½ g t²
t² = 2 y₀ / g
t² = 2 4 /9.81
t² = 0.815
t = √0.815
t = 0.90 s
b) It is thrown upwards at v₀ = 4 m / s
y = y₀ + v₀ t - ½ g t²
in this case the initial and final height is the same
y = y₀ = 0
0 = v₀ t -1/2 g t²
t = 2 v₀ / g
t = 2 4 /9.81
t = 0.815 s
c) the ball is at y₀ = 4 m and its initial velocity is horizontal v₀ = 4 m / s
y = y₀ + v_{oy} t - ½ g t²
0 = y₀ + 0 - ½ g t²
t² = 2 i / g
t² = 2 4 / 9.81
t² = 0.815
t = 0.90 s
d) the horizontal distance traveled is
x = v₀ₓ t
x = 4 0.90
x = 3.6 m
e) We can calculate the time to fall from I = 2 m
y = y₀ + v_{oy} t - ½ g t²
0 = y₀ + 0 - ½ g t²
t² = 2 y₀i / g
t² = 2 2 /9.81
t² = 0.4077
t = 0.639 s
Therefore, when making measurements, you should find readings around this value.
Under constant pressure and with a constant amount of gas present, what happens
to the volume of the gas if the temperature
increases?
Answer:
The volume of the gas increases.
Explanation:
Increased temperature increases kinetic energy of gaseous molecules which increases their collisions and velocities. As a result, gas expands. This is in accordance with Charles' law of gases.
The volume of the temperature of gas increases.
The volume of the gas increases as the temperature increases. As temperature increases, the molecules of the gas have more kinetic energy. They strike the surface of the container with more force. If the container can expand, then the volume increases until the pressure returns to its original value.
Charles' law of gases.Increased temperature increases the kinetic energy of gaseous molecules which increases their collisions and velocities. As a result, the gas expands. This is by Charles' law of gases.
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A hammer taps on the end of a 5.0-mm-long metal bar at room temperature. A microphone at the other end of the bar picks up two pulses of sound, one that travels through the metal and one that travels through the air. The pulses are separated in time by 9.00 ms.
Required:
What is the speed of sound in this metal?
Answer:
896.5 m/s
Explanation:
Given that :
Length of metal bar, λ= 5 m
Velocity in air, v = 343 m/s
Change in air frequency : = λ / v
f = 5 / 343 = 0.0145772 s = 14.5772 ms
Seperation time = 9ms
Change in time, t = 14.5772 - 9 = 5.5772 ms
Recall :
Velocity = Distance / time
V = 5m / 5.5772 * 10^-3 s
V = 896.50720 m/s
Velocity = 896.5 m/s
A force of 20 N acts on a smaller piston of a hydraulic press with an area of 10 dm2. How much force does the liquid act on a larger piston of 120 cm2?
Answer:
166.6 N
Explanation:
Given that,
Force, F₁ = 20 N
Area, A₁ = 10 dm² = 1000 cm²
We need to find the new force if the area of the larger piston is 120 cm². According to Pascal's law,
[tex]F_1A_1=F_2A_2\\\\F_2=\dfrac{F_1A_1}{A_2}\\\\F_2=\dfrac{20\times 1000}{120}\\\\F_2=166.7\ N[/tex]
So, the force on the larger piston is equal to 166.7 N.
Wave A is being decreased in temperature, and Wave B is moving from a liquid to a gas
medium
6. Which statement can be made about both waves? (1 point)
They will speed up.
They will increase the density of their medium.
They will slow down.
They will decrease the density of their medium.
Answer:
They will speed up, and decrease in density.
Explanation:
This is because, when water is heated, the molecules will spread apart, and bounce off each other. It gives them more space, and they are less tight packed, so it can move around freely.
Light of wavelength 633 nm from a He-Ne laser passes through a circular aperture and is observed on a screen 4.0 m behind the aperture. The diameter of the central bright area is 5.4 cm. What is the diameter of the aperture?
Answer:
The answer is "[tex]1.144 \times 10^{-4} \ m[/tex]".
Explanation:
[tex]w=\frac{2.44 \lambda L}{D}\\\\D=\frac{2.44 \lambda L}{w}\\\\[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{2.44 \times 633 \times 10^{-9}\times 4 }{0.054}\\\\=\frac{6178.08\times 10^{-9}}{0.054}\\\\=1.144 \times 10^{-4} \ m[/tex]
SOMONE PLEASE HELP ASAP!!!!
violet
it has the shortest wavelength
Suppose that we use a heater to boil liquid nitrogen (N2 molecules). 4480 J of heat turns 20 g of liquid nitrogen into gas. Note that the latent heat is equal to the change in enthalpy, and that liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K. The system is kept at a constant pressure of 1 atm. Assuming that you can treat the gas as ideal gas and that the volume of the liquid is approximately zero, compute the binding energy of a nitrogen molecule in the liquid. (the binding energy is the difference in internal energy per molecule between the liquid and gas)
a. 4.2e^-18 J
b. 9.4e^-21 J
c. 4.8e^ 24 J
d. 2.1e^-19 J
e. 1.3e^-23 J
Drag and drop a term to match these examples with the correct level of organization.
Tissue:
Organ:
Organ system:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A-cardiac muscle
B-circulatory system
C-heart
D-human body
Answer:
Tissue: cardiac muscle
Organ: Heart
Organ System: Human Body, Circulatory System
Explanation:
The cardiac muscle makes up an organ, making it a tissue
The Heart makes up a organ system, making it an organ
Both the human Body and The Circulatory System make up an organism, making them organisms
how many universes out there?
Answer:
onlu 1 universe
Explanation:
Can someone help me with which properties can define the blanket and the aquarium glass?
Answer:
blanket= texture, thermal conductivity,and mass
glass= the rest
Explanation:
im not good at explaining
leafy greens are considered the healthiest vegetable because of their ___ nutrients profile
Dense because food do be dense tho
A uniform rod of length 50cm and mass 0.2kg is placed on a fulcrum at a distance of 40cm from the left end of the rod. At what distance from the left end of the rod should a 0.6kg mass be hung to balance the rod?
a.48 cm
b. 50 cm
c. 45 cm
d. the rod can not be balanced with this mass. e.42 cm
Answer:
x = 45 cm
Explanation:
Given that,
The length of a rod, L = 50 cm
Mass, m₁ = 0.2 kg
It is at 40cm from the left end of the rod.
We need to find the distance from the left end of the rod should a 0.6kg mass be hung to balance the rod.
The centre of mass of the rod is at 25 cm.
Taking moments of both masses such that,
[tex]15\times 0.2=x\times 0.6\\\\x=\drac{3}{0.6}\\\\x=5\ cm[/tex]
The distance from the left end is 40+5 = 45 cm.
Hence, at a distance of 45 cm from the left end it will balance the rod.
A spacecraft is powered by electricity generated by the heat produced when 23894Pu decays with a half-life of 87.75 y. Engineers predict that the spacecraft will have insufficient power to operate its instruments when the amount of 238 94Pu in its power generators drops below 67 % of the amount it had at launch on September 1, 1977
Required:
In what year will its instruments cease to function?
A uniform rod of length 50cm and mass 0.2kg is placed on a fulcrum at a distance of 40cm from the left end of the rod. At what distance from the left end of the rod should a 0.6kg mass be hung to balance the rod?
a.48 cm
b. 50 cm
c. 45 cm
d. the rod can not be balanced with this mass. e.42 cm
NO LINKS.
Answer:
correct is C
Explanation:
In this exercise we will use the rotational equilibrium relationships. Let's set the datum at the pivot point and counterclockwise rotations as positive
as the bar is uniform its center of mass coincides with its geometric center
x_{cm} = 0.25 cm
the distance from the fulcrum is
x₁ = 0.40 - xcm
x₁ = 0.40 - 0.25
x₁ = 0.15 m
Στ = 0
w_bar 0.15 - W x = 0
x = 0.15 w_bar / W
x = 0.15 m_{bar} / M
let's calculate
x = 0.15 0.2 /0.6
x = 0.05 m
this distance is measured from the pivot point of the positive side, if we measure from the left end of the bar
X = 0.4 + 0.05
X = 0.45 m = 45 cm
correct is C
who else up at 1:45 for homework
it's 9:46AM for me lol
Answer:
lol it's 11:46 pm for me, just trying to get every done before tommorow aka the last day of school
A gyroscope consists of a rotating disk with a 25 cm radius suitably mounted at the midpoint of a 20 cm long axle so that it can spin and precess freely. One end is supported by a stand. The disk spins at 2000 rpm. The mass of the disk is 2 kg, and the axle can be taken as massless.
Required:
a. Draw the gyroscope, indicating the direction of the initial angular speed and the initial angular momentum. Choose a direction for the spin of the disk.
b. Draw the torque due to gravity about the support point.
c. What direction will your gyroscope precess once you release it?
d. Find the time required for one precession of the gyroscope if it is supported at one end of the axle and it precesses in the horizontal plane.
Answer:
A) attached below
B) attached below
C) Anti-clockwise
D) 3.27 secs
Explanation:
A) Diagram of the gyroscope indicating direction of
attached below
B) Diagram of torque due to gravity about support point
Attached below
C) The direction the gyroscope will precess is ANTICLOCKWISE
D) Time required for one precession of the gyroscope
use the relation below
MgL = ΔIw / Δt
∴ Δt = ΔIw / MgL
=( 1/2 * 2 * 0.25^2 * 2π * 2000 ) / ( 2 * 10 * 0.2 * 60 )
= 3.27 secs
What is the purpose of a tuner in a radio?
Answer:
A tuner is a subsystem that receives radio frequency (RF) transmissions and converts the selected carrier frequency and its associated bandwidth into a fixed frequency that is suitable for further processing, usually because a lower frequency is used on the output.
hope it helps ya mate.
Answer:
The tuner selects only the signal of a specific frequency and rejects the rest.
Explanation:
pf
Explain the geometrical meaning of vertor Product of
two vectors
Answer:
Explained below
Explanation:
For the geometric meaning, I've attached a parallelogram showing two vectors a and B and also the angle between them as θ.
We can see that the two vectors are adjacent to each other.
So the magnitude of the product of the two vectors is simply the area of the parallelogram which is base x height. Thus;
Magnitude = |a| sin θ × |b|
This can be rewritten as;
|a|•|b| sin θ
A physics professor demonstrates the Doppler effect by tying a 900 Hz sound generator to a 1.0- m -long rope and whirling it around her head in a horizontal circle at 100 rpm .
1. What is the difference between the highest frequency heard by a student in the classroom and the initial frequency of the sound generator?
2. What is the difference between the lowest frequency heard by a student in the classroom and the initial frequency of the sound generator?
How far an object moves from a reference point is known as
type your answer...
Answer:
distance
hope it helps
Explanation:
-
State the role of an electromotive force (EFF) in a current flow
Answer:
The emf source acts as a charge pump, moving negative charges from the positive terminal to the negative terminal to maintain the potential difference. This increases the potential energy of the charges and, therefore, the electric potential of the charges.
Explanation:
MARK AS BRAINLEST!!
An object is placed of 20cm from a concave mirror whose focal length is 10cm. what is the distance of image formed ?
Answer:
Answer 43cm
Explenation:
if you divide it to 4 it will convert to 43 so answer is 43cm if this wrong im sorry but mine is perfect thankss :)
What is the relationship between a magnets magnetic force and a magnetic field?
Answer:
Electric forces exist among stationary electric charges; both electric and magnetic forces exist among moving electric charges. The magnetic force between two moving charges may be described as the effect exerted upon either charge by a magnetic field created by the other.
Answer:
i think this could help you
An african bush elephant has a mass of 5,900 kg and is on a skateboard traveling to the
left at 10 m/s. What is her momentum?
A student must determine how the mass of a block affects the period of oscillation when the block is attached to a vertical spring. The value of the spring constant is known. The student writes the following experimental procedure.
1. Use an electronic balance to measure the mass of the block.
2. Attach the block to the vertical spring.
3. Displace the block from the system's equilibrium position to a new vertical position.
4. Release the block from rest.
5. Use a meterstick to measure the vertical displacement of the center of mass of the block from the system's equilibrium position to its maximum vertical position above the equilibrium position.
6. Use a stopwatch to measure the time it takes for the system to make ten complete oscillations.
7. Repeat the experiment for different vertical displacements and block masses.
Which of the following steps of the procedure should the student revise to make the determination? Justify your selection.
a. Step 3, because the student must specify whether the new vertical position should be above or below the system's equilibrium position.
b. Step 5, because the meterstick should be used to measure total displacement of the system from its lowest vertical position to its highest vertical position.
c. Step 6, because the stopwatch should be used only to measure the time it takes for the system to make 1 complete oscillation.
d. Step 7, because the experiment should not be repeated for different vertical displacements and block masses.
Answer:
the step that the student should change is step 7
Explanation:
The movement of the spring with block is a simple harmonic type movement, so the procedure proposed by the student is correct, but we must take some care.
Step 3 is important since each movement will be started with similar conditions, also if any displacement is very large we can get out of the linear approximation of Hooke's law, for which we need to know the equilibrium point, since from this point displacements will be measured.
Step 6 should be changed to measure various oscillations to find the average period and thus decrease the error in the time reading.
Step 7 is wrong since the objective of the experiment is to analyze the effect of different masses in the period of oscillation and this step prevents this objective from being carried out.
In conclusion, the step that the student should change is step 7
The step that should be revised to make the determination is c. Step 6, because the stopwatch should be used only to measure the time it takes for the system to make 1 complete oscillation.
Why should step 6 be revised?The student is trying to find the effect of the mass of the block on the period of oscillation in different vertical displacements.
The best way to do this is to measure the time taken per oscillation as this would show a much clearer picture to find the effect of the mass on the oscillation. Timing 10 oscillations will yield incorrect results.
In conclusion, option C is correct.
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