morgan company issues 8%, 20-year bonds with a par value of $680,000 that pay interest semiannually. the amount paid to the bondholders for each semiannual interest payment is.

The answer is c. variable costs will change

Explanation:If the volume rises or falls, the variable costs will change. Variable cost is the cost that varies with the level of output. When the level of output rises, the variable cost also rises. Similarly, when the level of output falls, the variable cost also falls.Variable costs include direct material, direct labor, and other direct expenses such as variable overhead. They are not constant and depend on the level of production.

They may increase or decrease with the level of production or sales. Hence, when the volume of production increases, variable costs increase, and when production falls, variable costs fall.Fixed costs are costs that do not vary with the level of output. Examples of fixed costs include rent, depreciation, salaries, and insurance. They remain constant regardless of the level of production or sales. Hence, if the volume rises or falls, fixed costs will not change (within a wide range). Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.

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The given statement "Emergencies, vacations, social events, and major purchases are examples of short-term needs" is true.

Short-term needs are wants or needs that can be met quickly or in the near future. Emergencies, vacations, social events, and major purchases are examples of short-term needs. A short-term need is one that you will pay for in less than a year.

Long-term wants or requirements, such as a house, a child's education, or a comfortable retirement, may take years to save for and obtain.

The various types of short-term expenses are emergencies, vacations, social events, and major purchases.

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When Sheridan elects to use the carryforward provision and not the carryback provision, the income (loss) reported is adjusted by the amount of the net operating loss that is carried forward.

Net operating loss is the excess of total deductions over total revenues for a tax year. A corporation's net operating loss (NOL) is the amount by which its deductions exceed its gross income. The corporation can carry the net operating loss forward for 20 years to offset taxable income in future years, according to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

NOL Carryforward: An operating loss that can be carried forward to offset taxable income in future years is known as an NOL carryforward. It enables businesses to reduce future tax bills and enhance their cash flow. It is a one-time loss that can be used in the future. It is critical to understand that net operating loss (NOL) is a tax term used to define a tax credit that allows a business to decrease its taxable income. A business can apply its NOL carryforward to future years to reduce its taxable income in those years.Therefore, when Sheridan elects to use the carryforward provision and not the carryback provision, the income (loss) reported is adjusted by the amount of the net operating loss that is carried forward.

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In the dynamic capabilities perspective, competitive advantage derives from the effective management of a firm's resources and capabilities.

This perspective recognizes that firms must be able to adapt to changing environmental conditions by building, acquiring, and leveraging resources and capabilities that enable them to effectively respond to these changes.

Dynamic capabilities refer to the ability of a firm to develop and exploit its internal resources and capabilities to respond to changes in the external environment. Dynamic capabilities can be classified into three types: sensing, seizing, and transforming.

Sensing refers to a firm's ability to identify changes in the environment that may affect its competitive position. Seizing refers to a firm's ability to respond to these changes by building new capabilities, entering new markets, or developing new products or services. Transforming refers to a firm's ability to change its existing capabilities to respond to environmental changes.

In other words, transforming is about the ability of the firm to adapt to the changing environment by changing its resource allocation, processes, and routines.The dynamic capabilities perspective recognizes that competitive advantage derives from the effective management of a firm's resources and capabilities.

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If cooley company's stock has a beta of 1.28, the risk-free rate is 2.25%, and the market risk premium is 5.50%, the Cooley Company's required rate of return is 9.03%.

Rate of return is expressed as a percentage and is calculated by dividing the profit or loss of the investment by its original cost or value. A higher rate of return indicates a more profitable investment, while a lower rate of return indicates a less profitable investment.

This can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):

Required rate of return = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Market risk premium)
Required rate of return = 2.25% + 1.28 x (5.50%)
Required rate of return = 2.25% + 6.72%
Required rate of return = 9.03%

Thus, Cooley Company's required rate of return is 9.03%.

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Brookman Inc.'s outstanding debt can be determined using the following formula:

Total Invested Capital (TIC) = Total Assets = Debt + Equity

The debt to total invested capital ratio is then used to determine the proportion of debt in total invested capital. The remaining amount is the equity.

TIC = Debt + Equity

The company's latest earnings per share (EPS) and book value per share (BVPS) are used to determine the company's market value per share (MVPS). There are 215,000 shares outstanding.

MVPS = EPS / BVPS

Market Value of Equity (MVE) = MVPS * Shares Outstanding

Now we will calculate the total invested capital:

TIC = MVE / D/E ratio

Using the above equation we can calculate Debt as:

Debt = TIC - Equity

Substitute the given values in the above equations to get the answer:

BVPS = $22.75EPS = $2.75

Shares outstanding = 215,000D/Total invested capital ratio = 44% = 0.44

Therefore,

MVPS = EPS/BVPS = $2.75/$22.75 = 0.120330D/E = 0.44/(1-0.44) = 0.78MVE = MVPS * Shares Outstanding = $0.120330 * 215,000 = $25,900TIC = MVE/D/E ratio = $25,900/0.78 = $33,205

Debt = TIC - Equity = $33,205 - ($25,900/0.78) = $4,534,888

Thus, the amount of debt outstanding is $4,534,888.

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The seven essential parts to creating a business plan are: 1. Executive Summary, 2. Company Description, 3. Product/Services, 4. Market Analysis, 5. Strategy, 6. Organizational/ Management Team, and 7. Financial Plan.  Therefore, all of the above components are crucial for a comprehensive business plan.

Here's the explanation of each part
1. Executive Summary: This is a brief overview of your entire business plan, highlighting the key points and providing an engaging introduction to the reader.2. Company Description: This section provides information about your company, its history, mission, and vision, as well as the problem you are solving or the need you are addressing with your products or services.3. Product/Services: Here, you describe your products or services in detail, including their features, benefits, and competitive advantages.

4. Market Analysis: In this section, you need to conduct research on your target market, including its size, demographics, trends, and competition. This helps you to understand the opportunities and challenges in the market. 5. Strategy: This section outlines your marketing, sales, and operational strategies to achieve your business goals. This includes pricing, promotion, distribution, and customer service tactics.6. Organizational/ Management Team: In this part, you provide information about your team's background, expertise, and roles, showcasing the strengths and skills of the individuals responsible for executing your business plan.7. Financial Plan: This section includes your financial projections, such as income statements, cash flow statements, and balance sheets, to show your business's potential profitability and financial sustainability.

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True : Multiple interventions for organizational development have been found to be more effective than one.

By developing, enhancing, and consolidating processes, structures, and strategies, organizational development is a critical and scientific process that enables organizations to increase their adaptability and effectiveness.

scientifically rigorous procedure OD is a method that is structured and based on evidence. It is not about attempting something and seeing how it goes. It involves incorporating scientific findings into a structured and controlled procedure for evaluating assumptions. Finally, it is tied in with testing assuming the results mirror the aim of the mediation.

Enhance your ability to adapt and perform at a higher level. The effectiveness of an organization is the goal of organizational development. As a result, it has a number of (business) effects.

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True. Delivering AI value at scale is a challenging task. Even if AI is becoming more widespread, there are still several challenges involved in reaping the benefits of AI at scale, such as managing vast amounts of data.

The truth is that processing power and data are two sides of the same coin that are equally crucial for the advancement of AI.

The benefits of responsible AI use also extend to maintaining and growing a clientele. For businesses to create inclusive products and services that function well across all user profiles and assure safety, responsible AI is crucial.

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To find the total activity cost, use this equation:

Total Activity Cost = Activity Rate x Activity Based Usage + Budgeted Activity Cost.

To find the total activity cost with given activity rate, activity based usage, and budgeted activity cost, we need to multiply the activity rate with the activity based usage. Then we subtract the result from the budgeted activity cost. For example, if the activity rate is $5, the activity based usage is 10, and the budgeted activity cost is $50, then the total activity cost would be $50 - (5 * 10) = $0.

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If Coca-Cola decides to no longer use their iconic polar bears in holiday season advertising and they ask employees to submit ideas for replacement mascots, this would be an example/sample of teamwork.

Teamwork is the collaboration of groups to achieve common goals or complete tasks in the most effective and efficient manner. This concept is seen in the larger context of a team, a group of interdependent people working together towards a common goal.

Her four key characteristics of a team include shared goals, interdependence, attachment and stability, the ability to manage one's work and internal processes, and the ability to operate within the larger social system.

A basic requirement for effective teamwork is the right team size. Context is important, and the size of your team depends on your goals. Teams must have at least 2 members and most team sizes range from 2 to 100.

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Complete question:

If Coca-Cola decides to no longer use their iconic polar bears in holiday season advertising and they ask employees to submit ideas for replacement mascots, this would be an example of _________

Gary Parker is willing to pay $700 for a new iPad. Apple is selling a new iPad for $600. It costs Apple $400 to produce this iPad, the economic surplus does apple receive if Gary purchases this iPad is $200 option B.

A producer in an economic transaction is the organisation or person that creates the products or renders the services. A manufacturer must choose a price for a product before it is sold.

Assume that each pair of sneakers must be produced, marketed (through advertising), and distributed for a total of $30. The minimal price for the sneakers that their maker will accept is $30 since they don't want to lose money on each pair they sell. The manufacturer will probably decide to charge much more than $30 for the sneakers since they want to make a profit.

The producer must then decide on a pricing that will make the sneakers appealing to a sizable number of customers. (While they could be tempted to charge a high price for the sneakers—say, $200, $300, or $500—in an effort to make a significant profit, this is unlikely to be effective since many customers would view this as being excessively costly.)

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Complete question:

Gary Parker is willing to pay $700 for a new iPad. Apple (the producer of iPads) is selling a new iPad for $600. It costs Apple $400 to produce this iPad. How much economic surplus does Apple receive if Gary purchases this iPad?

Adam's share of the business income is $40,000.

This is calculated using the following formula:

Adam's Share = (Business Income * Adam's Ratio) / Total Ratio

In this case, Adam's Ratio is 2 and Total Ratio is 10 (2 + 3 + 5 = 10). Thus, Adam's Share = ($150,000 * 2) / 10 = $40,000.

To explain this in further detail, business income is divided between partners in a ratio that is predetermined when the business is first established. In this case, the partners agreed that Adam would receive 2 parts of the income for every 10 parts the business earns, Bob 3 parts for every 10, and Charlie 5 parts for every 10.

This means that for every dollar earned, Adam receives 20 cents, Bob receives 30 cents, and Charlie receives 50 cents.

When the business earns $150,000, Adam is entitled to receive 2 parts of the income, which is $40,000. This amount is calculated by multiplying the business income ($150,000) by Adam's Ratio (2) and then dividing the result by the Total Ratio (10).

Therefore, the answer to the question is $40,000.

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The number of properties one can own and manage himself before they need to hire a property management company in Savannah, GA varies based on the landlord's management skills, time, experience, and personal preference.

Property management is the management, leasing, advertising, and maintenance of a real estate investment owned by someone else. In most cases, the property manager must act on behalf of the landlord, who is the property's owner, to ensure that the property is properly managed, maintained, and rented at all times.

Pricing and marketing of property: The property manager is in charge of determining the appropriate price for the property as well as marketing it to prospective tenants.

Rent collection: The property manager ensures that rent is collected on time from tenants and deposited into the landlord's bank account.

Maintenance and repair: The property manager will manage all maintenance and repair concerns on the property to ensure that it is in good condition and habitable.

Legal responsibilities: Property managers ensure that they follow all state and federal regulations, including zoning, occupancy, and safety regulations. However, the number of properties one can own and manage himself depends on the individual's experience, skills, and time.

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Good, inexpensive, and fairly reliable predictors of future exchange rates include both a) today's exchange rate and b) current forward exchange rates. So the correct answer is D. Both a) and b).

Today's exchange rate can provide a general idea of the current market conditions, while forward exchange rates can give an insight into what the market expects for future exchange rates. These predictors are useful tools for anticipating future fluctuations in exchange rates.An exchange rate is just a price: the price of one country's currency in terms of another country's currency. So if the exchange rate from UK pounds to US dollars is 1.35, then £1 will buy you $1.35.An exchange rate is a rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another currency. Most exchange rates are defined as floating and will rise or fall based on the supply and demand in the market. Some exchange rates are pegged or fixed to the value of a specific country's currency.

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In the following question, among the given options, The correct answer is (b) $170,000 Expenditure and $5,000 Nonspendable Fund Balance.

Here is a step-by-step explanation:
1. Olanville starts with $25,000 in supplies.
2. During the year, it orders $180,000 in supplies and receives $170,000 worth of supplies.
3. At this point, the total supplies available are $25,000 (initial supplies) + $170,000 (received supplies) = $195,000.
4. Olanville uses $190,000 worth of supplies during the fiscal year.
5. The remaining supplies are $195,000 (total supplies available) - $190,000 (supplies used) = $5,000.
6. Since it accounts for inventories on the consumption basis, the Expenditure reported in the 2021 governmental fund financial statements is the number of supplies received, which is $170,000.
7. The Non-spendable Fund Balance is the remaining supplies, which is $5,000.
Therefore, the 2021 governmental fund financial statements should report a $170,000 Expenditure and a $5,000 Non-spendable Fund Balance.

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The concept of organizational division into similar functional units is known as "departmentalization."

This process involves grouping activities and tasks into departments based on the functions they perform. It is an important step in organizational structure, as it allows organizations to optimize their operations and make them more efficient.

Departmentalization refers to the process of creating an organizational structure that separates a corporation into departments based on their roles, functions, and responsibilities. By definition, departmentalization is the process of grouping individuals into groups or units in a hierarchical manner in order to better administer, execute, and manage activities.

Departmentalization is one of the fundamental components of organizational design, which includes other key principles such as work specializations, chain of command, span of control, and centralization/decentralization of authority. Each of these principles addresses a specific aspect of organizational design and is critical to creating an organizational structure that facilitates effective performance, productivity, and responsiveness to the environment.

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From the calculation that has been done below, the price elasticity of demand is -2.15.

Price elasticity of demand measures the rate of change in the quantity demanded of a good when there is a change in the price of the good.

Price elasticity of demand = midpoint change in quantity demanded / midpoint change in price  Midpoint change in quantity demanded = change in quantity demanded / average of both demands.

Change in quantity demanded = 620 - 600 =20 average of both demands = (600 + 620 ) / 2 = 610Midpoint change in demand = 20 / 610 = 0.03279Midpoint change in price = change in price / average of both priceChange in price = $6.50 - $6.60 = $-0.10

Average of both prices = ($6.60 + 6.50) /2 = 6.55Midpoint change in price = -0.10 / 6.55 = -0.01527Price elasticity of demand =  0.03279 / 0.01527= -2.15

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The cost of the Buick before the sales tax is $25,971.14. This can be calculated by taking the sales tax of $1,820 and dividing it by the sales tax rate of 7%, which is 0.07. Once you have the decimal form of the sales tax rate, you can multiply it by the amount paid in sales tax.

The result of this calculation is $25,971.14, which is the cost of the Buick before the sales tax was applied.

To understand this better, let's break it down:

Step 1: Take the sales tax rate and convert it to a decimal by dividing it by 100. In this example, 7% would be 0.07.

Step 2: Multiply the decimal form of the sales tax rate by the amount paid in sales tax. In this example, 0.07 multiplied by $1,820 is $127.40.

Step 3: Subtract the amount from Step 2 from the total amount paid for the Buick. In this example, $1,820 minus $127.40 is $1,692.60.

Step 4: Divide the amount from Step 3 by the decimal form of the sales tax rate from Step 1. In this example, $1,692.60 divided by 0.07 is $24,171.14.

This is the cost of the Buick before the sales tax was applied.

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Answer: C. the supply of goods exceeding demand.

Explanation: No explanation for this.

Answer: The answer is c. The supply of goods exceeding demand did not occur as a result of the conversion from a wartime to a peacetime economy.

Explanation: The conversion from a wartime to a peacetime economy was a difficult process that took several years. The transition was marked by high inflation, increased unemployment, and decreased wages.

Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling. During the transition from a wartime to a peacetime economy, there was a high demand for consumer goods which led to an increase in prices. This increase in prices was due to the fact that there was not enough supply to meet the demand.

Unemployment is the state of being unemployed or not having a job. During the transition from a wartime to a peacetime economy, many soldiers returned home and were unable to find jobs. This led to an increase in unemployment rates.

Wartime economy refers to an economic system that is focused on producing goods and services for use in war. Peacetime economy refers to an economic system that is focused on producing goods and services for use during times of peace.

The supply of goods did not exceed demand as the country was still recovering from the war and there was a high demand for consumer goods. The country had been focused on producing goods for use in war and had not been producing enough consumer goods. As a result, there was not enough supply to meet the demand.

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The most you would be willing to pay for this zero coupon bond is 3,953.27, assuming a nominal interest rate of 4.

To determine the most you would be willing to pay for a zero coupon bond, you need to calculate the present value of the bond's future cash flow using the current interest rate.

Here's how to calculate the present value of the bond:

PV = FV / (1 + r)ⁿ

where, PV = Present value of the bond

FV = Face value of the bond = 5000

r = Annual interest rate

n = Number of years to maturity = 6

Assuming a nominal interest rate of 4, the calculation is as follows:

PV = 5000/ (1+0.04)⁶

PV = 5000/1.2653

PV = 3,953.27

Therefore, the most you would be willing to pay for this zero coupon bond is 3,953.27, assuming a nominal interest rate of 4.

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The following circumstances that most likely indicate that a contract between a seller and a customer is not valid is - The contract between the seller and the customer is completed orally, and the parties have no plans to follow up with a written contract. The correct answer is option B.

A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties. It can be composed of oral or written elements, and it outlines the responsibilities, rights, and obligations of each party to the agreement. A contract is an agreement that is enforceable by law. It outlines the responsibilities, rights, and obligations of each party to the agreement.

The given question was related to the contract between a seller and a customer, and the option which most likely indicates that a contract between a seller and a customer is not valid is - The contract between the seller and the customer is completed orally, and the parties have no plans to follow up with a written contract.

Therefore option B is correct.

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When rrr performs a transaction by a wire order in a customer's account, A principal of the firm is required to review and approve such transactions. to such situations under FINRA rules.

FINRA, which stands for Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, is a United States regulatory body that manages the stock market, stockbrokers, and broker-dealers. FINRA enforces rules to protect investors and ensure market integrity through its authority.

FINRA rules are guidelines that securities companies and brokers must follow. FINRA has established regulations for the securities industry and its players in order to safeguard investors and maintain market stability.

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As Jane recently started her new position, leading a marketing team, she should expect the challenge of accurately understanding her followers and their needs.

Accurately understanding the followers and their needs is a vital challenge for a leader as it allows them to better manage and communicate with the team while maximizing their strengths and minimizing their weaknesses. This helps in building a better team and promoting a healthy work environment.

The other options like earning praise from her supervisors, identifying her in-group, and converting her followers to her style of leadership are not the primary challenges faced by a leader. A leader can improve the team's productivity and work efficiency by knowing the team members' strengths and weaknesses, listening to their suggestions, and providing a suitable work environment.

Therefore, accurately understanding the followers and their needs is the most important challenge for Jane as she begins her new position leading a marketing team.

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The correct statement among the following statements is - "Unique pageviews provides a more realistic picture about the actual amount of traffic on a specific page because it avoids double counting if a user visits a page more than once within a session." Option d is correct.

Digital marketing is an umbrella term for all marketing initiatives that involve electronic devices and the Internet. Companies leverage digital channels such as search engines, social media, email, and other websites to communicate with existing and potential customers.

Linear attribution models, as the name implies, assign equal weight to each interaction in a customer's path. This makes it ideal for businesses looking to increase brand awareness or improve the efficiency of their marketing campaigns. Every interaction between a customer and a company is weighed equally in this model.

A unique pageview represents the number of unique visitors who viewed a specific page on a website during a specified period. It's worth noting that the same user may have visited the page more than once, but a unique page view would only count it once.

Therefore the correct answer is option d.

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When Mo's income went up by 50%, all else equal, he increased the number of times he goes to the ballet each year by 20%. Therefore, for Mo, the ballet must be an inferior good.

An inferior good is a product whose demand decreases when the consumer's income increases. The inferior good is used to describe the consumer's behavior when they purchase less expensive substitutes for a more expensive product because of the consumer's decline in purchasing power as their income rises.

Mo is earning more money now, but the number of times he goes to the ballet is still lower than when he was making less money. The percentage increase in the number of times he goes to the ballet is lower than the percentage increase in his income. As a result, ballet must be an inferior good for Mo.

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The three trade barriers that can constrain a firm's ability to disperse productive activities are Tariffs, Non-tariff barriers and Technical barriers.

Trade barriers can constrain a firm's ability to disperse productive activities in three major ways.
1. Tariffs: These are taxes placed on goods and services entering a country. These taxes make imported goods more expensive than domestic goods, which can prevent firms from expanding production abroad.
2. Non-tariff barriers: These include quotas, customs restrictions, licensing regulations, and other measures that make it more difficult for firms to move goods and services into a country.
3. Technical barriers: These refer to rules and regulations that require goods and services to meet certain standards before they can be sold in a country. This can be a significant constraint on firms looking to expand their production and operations internationally.

These trade barriers  can constrain a firm's ability to disperse productive activities. Tariffs: A tariff is a tax on imports. It raises the cost of imported goods, making them less competitive with domestic products. Non-tariff barriers: They are a range of regulations and policies that governments use to discourage or restrict imports.

Some of the most common forms of non-tariff barriers include quotas, subsidies, and technical standards.Exchange rates: Exchange rates are the prices at which one country's currency can be exchanged for another country's currency. A firm may find it challenging to sell products in a foreign country if the exchange rate is unfavorable.

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This Act outlines the procedures for forming, registering, and running cooperative societies in the Maldives. The Registrar of Co-operative Societies must be designated by the government. The text defines the Registrar's authority and obligations.

A group of people who voluntarily band together for the good of their fellow members is known as a cooperative society. They are driven by the need to protect their economic interests against intermediaries who may try to take advantage of them in order to boost their earnings.

1) They desire to provide goods and services to others. 2) They seek to eliminate middlemen's fruitless gains in commerce and business. They seek to stop the exploitation of the weaker members of society. 4) They strive to protect people's rights, both as producers and consumers.

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The cost of producing each automobile decreased as GM and Ford Motor Company built large factories and mass production; this result is an example of economies of scale.

Market penetration is Ford's main intensive growth strategy. In order to expand the company, this intense strategy calls for selling more products to current clients. Ford uses this intense expansion approach by expanding its dealership network and upping sales.

Regional divisions make up the organisational structure of General Motors Company. According to geographic regions or operational areas, corporate activities are grouped in this form of organisational structure.

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Budgetary slack occurs when managers intentionally overstate expected revenues or understate expected expenses. This statement is True.

Budgetary slack is the deliberate overestimation or underestimation of the budget by the management to ensure that there is a buffer or slack in the budget to take care of unforeseen events or expenses that may arise.

However, this slack has some demerits that can be counter-productive in the long run. For instance, managers may create budgetary slack in order to ensure that they always perform better than expected by their superiors.

This could lead to wasted resources and inefficient allocation of resources. Apart from the two reasons given, some other reasons that managers may create budgetary slack include:

Protection: This is the case where managers create a cushion in the budget to protect their department from being cut in the future. They do this by making sure that they spend less than what is allocated to them.

Underperformance: Managers who are not sure of their ability to meet the target may create a budgetary slack to cover up for their underperformance.

They do this to make it look like they were not too far from their target if they are unable to meet their goals.

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