mhc genes show codominant expression patterns, meaning any cell expressing that class of mhc molecules transcribes dna from that genetic locus on both chromosomes in the pair (maternal and paternal) simultaneously.(True/False)

Answers

Answer 1

True.

The MHC genes are located on chromosomes and show codominant expression patterns, which means that both maternal and paternal chromosomes are transcribed simultaneously in any cell expressing that class of MHC molecules. This leads to the expression of both alleles, resulting in a diverse range of MHC molecules that are important for immune recognition and response.

To know more about immune please visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29862580

#SPJ11


Related Questions

How does the lipopolysaccharide layer in gram-negative bacteria contribute to antibiotic resistance?

Answers

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer in gram-negative bacteria contributes to antibiotic resistance in several ways such as barrier functions, efflux pumps, modifications of antibiotic targets and enzymatic degradation.

Barrier function: The LPS layer acts as a barrier that prevents antibiotics from entering the bacterial cell. This barrier is particularly effective against hydrophobic and amphipathic antibiotics, which have difficulty crossing the outer membrane.

Efflux pumps: Some gram-negative bacteria have efflux pumps that are capable of pumping out antibiotics that have entered the cell. These efflux pumps are often located in the inner membrane, but can also be found in the outer membrane.

Modifications of antibiotic targets: The LPS layer can also protect bacterial cells by modifying the antibiotic target.

Enzymatic degradation: The LPS layer can also contribute to antibiotic resistance by producing enzymes that degrade the antibiotic.

To learn more about antibiotic resistance, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/10868637

#SPJ11

a student is given the task of counting the number of nonblank cells in the rangeb1 to b20. what formula should be used

Answers

The formula that should be used is =COUNTA(B1:B20), which counts the number of non-blank cells in the given range.



The COUNTA function is used to count the number of non-blank cells in a given range. In this case, the range is B1 to B20. The formula will count all cells in that range that contain any data, including text, numbers, and formulas.

It will exclude any cells that are truly blank. The result will give the total number of non-blank cells in the range. Therefore, =COUNTA(B1:B20) is the correct formula to use for this task.

To know more about range, visit here :

brainly.com/question/30067462

#SPJ11

a new compound forms permanent crosslinks between the two strands of dna in a chromosome. how can it function in chemotherapy against cancer?

Answers

The new compound can prevent cancer cells from dividing by creating permanent crosslinks between the two strands of DNA.

Chemotherapy targets cells that divide quickly, including cancer cells. The novel substance has the ability to interfere with cancer cells' usual processes of DNA replication and cell division by creating long-lasting crosslinks between the two strands of DNA. This can cause cancer cells to die and stop tumors from growing and spreading. The substance may also have an impact on normal cells, which ordinarily divide more slowly, albeit to a smaller amount than cancer cells. A potential new method of treating cancer is to include the new substance in chemotherapy, and continued research is being done to create substances with more efficacy and fewer adverse effects.

learn more about cancer cells here:

https://brainly.com/question/436553

#SPJ11

Imagine conducting the Meselson and Stahl experiment on DNA that is replicated by the dispersive mechanism. After 3 rounds of replication, what percentage of the DNA would contain exclusively 15N, exclusively 14N, or a mix of 14N and 15N?

Answers

In the Meselson and Stahl experiment, if DNA were replicated by the dispersive mechanism, after 3 rounds of replication, the distribution of 15N and 14N in DNA would be as follows:

1. Exclusively 15N: 0% - As replication occurs, the original 15N would be dispersed and mixed with the newly incorporated 14N.
2. Exclusively 14N: 12.5% - After 3 rounds of replication, only one-eighth (1/8) of the total DNA would contain only 14N isotopes.
3. Mix of 14N and 15N: 87.5% - The remaining 7/8 of the total DNA would have a combination of 14N and 15N isotopes due to the dispersive mechanism.

Keep in mind that this is a hypothetical scenario assuming the dispersive mechanism, while the actual Meselson and Stahl experiment demonstrated that DNA replication follows the semi-conservative mechanism.

To learn more about isotopes, refer below:

https://brainly.com/question/11680817

#SPJ11

Where does P. acne colonize within the human microbiome?

Answers

P. acne, or Propionibacterium acnes, is a type of bacteria that commonly colonizes the human skin. Specifically, P. acne tends to reside within the sebaceous glands and hair follicles on the face, neck, chest, and back.

This bacterium is known to play a role in the development of acne, as it feeds on sebum (oil) produced by the skin and can cause inflammation and infection in the hair follicle. While P. acne is a normal resident of the skin microbiome, overgrowth and imbalance can lead to skin issues. In particular, P. acnes is known to colonize within hair follicles and sebaceous glands in the skin. It can also be found in lower numbers in other areas of the skin, such as the armpits and groin.

While P. acnes is a normal part of the human skin microbiome and is generally harmless, it can sometimes contribute to the development of acne. When there is an excess of sebum production or other factors that promote bacterial growth, P. acnes can multiply and cause inflammation, leading to the formation of pimples, blackheads, and other types of acne lesions.

To know more about Propionibacterium acnes, please click on:

https://brainly.com/question/7359564

#SPJ11

What two different bases can adine (A) pair with in DNA and RNA?

Answers

Answer:

In DNA it pairs with Thymine

In RNA it pairs with Uracil

Explanation:

adenine always pairs with thymine (A-T), and guanine always pairs with cytosine (G-C). RNA is the same,

except that ADINE ALWAYS PAIRS WITH URACIL (A-U)

why do some foods have a desired taste while others are repulsive?

Answers

The taste of food is determined by a combination of factors such as the food's chemical composition, the individual's genetics, and their past experiences with that particular food.

When we eat food, our taste buds send signals to our brain, which interprets the signals as either pleasurable or unpleasant. Foods that contain a balanced combination of sweet, salty, sour, and bitter tastes are usually more desirable than those that lack a balance or are overwhelmingly strong in one taste.

                             Additionally, some individuals may have a genetic preference for certain tastes or textures. Past experiences with a food can also affect one's perception of its taste, as negative experiences such as food poisoning or childhood aversions can create a repulsive response. Ultimately, taste is subjective and can vary greatly from person to person.

Cultural influences: Cultural background and upbringing can affect the types of foods people find appealing or repulsive. Certain flavors or ingredients may be more common in one culture than another, and individuals may develop a preference for those specific tastes.

Basic tastes: Our taste buds can detect five basic tastes – sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami (savory). Foods with a desired taste often contain a balance of these basic tastes, while repulsive foods may have an overwhelming presence of one or more of these tastes.

In conclusion, the perception of a food's taste as desirable or repulsive depends on personal preferences, cultural influences, and the balance of the basic tastes detected by our taste buds.

Learn more about food's chemical composition

brainly.com/question/8286678

#SPJ11

given what we know about the probability of the increased future greenhouse effect, the best thing to do is

Answers

Given the probability of the increased future greenhouse effect, the best thing to do is to take steps to reduce our carbon footprint and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. This includes transitioning to renewable energy sources, promoting energy efficiency, and making lifestyle changes such as reducing meat consumption and using public transportation or carpooling.  

This includes:
1. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions: Implementing cleaner energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, and promoting energy-efficient technologies and practices to reduce carbon footprint.

2. Enhancing carbon sinks: Supporting reforestation and afforestation projects to increase the number of trees and plants that absorb and store carbon dioxide.

3. Promoting climate-smart agriculture: Encouraging sustainable farming practices that increase productivity, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance resilience to climate change.

4. Adapting to climate change: Developing strategies to cope with the consequences of climate change, such as building infrastructure that can withstand extreme weather events and conserving water resources.

5. Increasing public awareness and participation: Educating the public about the greenhouse effect and involving them in efforts to address the issue, encouraging them to adopt more sustainable lifestyles.

In summary, the best thing to do given the probability of the increased future greenhouse effect is to take a multi-faceted approach that focuses on reducing emissions, enhancing carbon sinks, promoting sustainable practices, adapting to climate change, and increasing public awareness and participation.

For more questions relating to greenhouse effect, refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/19521661

#SPJ11

select the function that best matches the cranial nerve by clicking and dragging the labels to the correct location.

Answers

I can provide a list of the cranial nerves and their associated functions for you to match: Olfactory nerve (I) Optic nerve (II) Oculomotor nerve (III) Trochlear nerve (IV).

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Abducens nerve (VI)

Facial nerve (VII)

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Vagus nerve (X)

Accessory nerve (XI)

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Functions:

Vision

Smell

Eye movement (motor)

Eye movement (motor)

Sensation of the face, chewing (sensory and motor)

Eye movement (motor)

Facial expression, taste, salivation, tear production (sensory and motor)

Hearing and balance

Taste, swallowing, salivation (sensory and motor)

Visceral and sensory functions of organs, muscles, and glands in the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Neck and shoulder movement (motor)

Tongue movement (motor)

You can match the cranial nerves with their respective functions by dragging and dropping the labels to the correct locations based on the information provided above.

Learn more about   cranial nerves   here:

https://brainly.com/question/30431228

#SPJ11

the experiment in which researchers examined the relationship between orb-weaving spiders and brown anole lizards, which of the following statements is true? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices spider populations on islands that contained lizards at first increased an

Answers

The correct statement regarding the experiment examining the relationship between orb-weaving spiders and brown anole lizards is: Spider populations on islands that contained lizards at first increased.

In this experiment, researchers aimed to understand the relationship between orb-weaving spiders and brown anole lizards. They observed that the presence of lizards initially led to an increase in the spider population.

This could be due to the fact that the lizards were preying on other insects, which are potential predators or competitors of the spiders, thus indirectly benefiting the spider population.

Over time, the spider population increased, potentially due to the reduced competition and predation pressures. However, it is important to note that this is just one observation, and further studies may be required to fully understand the complex relationship between these two species.

To know more about predators click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/28871161#

#SPJ11

what result(s) would support the hypothesis that goeographical seperation has led to speciation between allopatric green-eyed tree frog populatinos

Answers

Any evidence that suggests the two populations have evolved separately and adapted to different environments could support the hypothesis that geographical separation has led to speciation between allopatric green-eyed tree frog populations.

The result(s) that would support the hypothesis that geographical separation has led to speciation between allopatric green-eyed tree frog populations are:

1. Genetic differences: If the allopatric green-eyed tree frog populations show significant genetic differences or divergence, it would indicate that geographical separation has led to speciation.

2. Morphological differences: Observe and compare the physical characteristics (e.g., size, color, body shape) of the allopatric green-eyed tree frog populations. If there are distinct morphological differences, it would support the hypothesis.

3. Reproductive isolation: If the allopatric green-eyed tree frog populations are unable to interbreed successfully or produce viable offspring when brought together, it would indicate that speciation has occurred due to geographical separation.

4. Ecological niche differentiation: If the allopatric green-eyed tree frog populations occupy different ecological niches (e.g., different microhabitats or distinct roles in the ecosystem), it would suggest that speciation has resulted from their geographical separation.

Learn more about speciation: https://brainly.com/question/3442236

#SPJ11

If light traveled at the same speed in both glass and air, would glass lenses alter the direction of light rays?

Answers

Yes, glass lenses would still alter the direction of light rays even if light traveled at the same speed in both glass and air. This is because the refraction of light, or the bending of light as it passes through a medium with a different refractive index, is not solely dependent on the speed of light.

 Glass has a higher refractive index than air, meaning that light will slow down more as it passes through glass than it does through air.  This causes the light to bend or refract when it enters or exits the glass lens.

The degree of bending depends on the shape of the lens and the angle at which the light enters.  Therefore, even if light traveled at the same speed in both glass and air, a glass lens would still alter the direction of light rays.

This is why lenses made of different materials, such as plastic or crystal, are also able to refract light and are commonly used in optics and photography.

Know more about refractive index    here:

https://brainly.com/question/83184

#SPJ11

Your teacher describes a population of fish that live in a coral reef. Some fish are dark orange (the same color as the coral). Some fish are nearly white. Most of the fish exhibit a color between dark orange and nearly white. Human activity has led to the bleaching of the coral reefs, making them very pale in color. Over time, the population of fish will be affected. Which graph represents the type of selection that you expect to occur?
A graph has trait value on the horizontal axis and population of individuals on the vertical axis. The original population and population after selection have similar curves, but the original population peaks before the population after selection.
A graph has trait value on the horizontal axis and population of individuals on the vertical axis. The population after selection increases, decreases, increases, and then decreases again. The original population increases at the point that the original population drops.
A graph has trait value on the horizontal axis and population of individuals on the vertical axis. The original population peaks at the same time as the population after selection but the population after selection peaks higher and at a more rapid speed.
A graph has trait value on the horizontal axis and proportion of individuals on the vertical axis. The original population and population after selection have similar curves but the original population is slightly higher at all points.

Answers

A graph has trait and habitat value on the horizontal axis and population of individuals on the vertical axis represents the type of that is expect to occur.

Reefs are often referred to as the "rainforests of the sea" due to the diversity of life found in their habitats. Healthy coral reefs are important to about 25% of the fish in the ocean.

Numerous industrially significant fish species, similar to grouper, snapper, and lobster, rely upon coral reefs for food and sanctuary. For billions of people around the world, coral reef fish are an important source of food and habitat.

Learn more about habitat:

https://brainly.com/question/15125194

#SPJ1

What is the concentration of RBCs in the bloodstream?

Answers

The concentration of red blood cells (RBCs) in the bloodstream can also vary depending on various factors, including age, sex, altitude, and health status.

In healthy adults, the typical concentration of RBCs in the bloodstream is between 4.5 and 5.5 million cells per microliter (million/μL) for men, and between 4.0 and 5.0 million/μL for women. These ranges may be slightly different depending on the laboratory or the method used to measure RBCs.

It's important to note that RBC counts can be affected by various factors, including medications, infections, and medical conditions such as anemia, polycythemia, and bone marrow disorders. Therefore, RBC counts are usually interpreted in the context of other laboratory values and clinical findings to determine their significance for a particular individual.

To know more about the red blood cells refer here :

https://brainly.com/question/27813727#

#SPJ11

If a population is experiencing exponential growth, what is the size of the NEXT generation of a population that is currently at 700 individuals and is growing at a rate of 1.4

Answers

Answer:

The size of the next generation is 710 individuals.

Explanation:

To find the size of the next generation, we need to use the formula for exponential growth:

Nt = N0 * (1 + r)^t

where:

Nt = population size at time t

N0 = initial population size

r = growth rate

t = time elapsed

Substituting in the given values, we get:

Nt = 700 * (1 + 0.014)^1

Nt = 710.8

Therefore, the size of the next generation is approximately 710 individuals.

What part of the cytoskeleton composes a centriole and the spindle for cell division?
Group of answer choices

microtubules and microfilaments

microtubules and cell membrane

microtubules and motor proteins

intermediate filaments and microtubules

Answers

Centrioles and spindles are structures involved in cell division, specifically in the process of mitosis. They are composed of microtubules and motor proteins. The correct option is c: microtubules and motor proteins.

Centrioles are cylindrical structures consisting of nine triplets of microtubules arranged in a specific pattern. They are located in the centrosome, which is an organelle that organizes microtubules in the cell.

During cell division, the centrioles replicate and move to opposite poles of the cell, forming the spindle apparatus.

The spindle apparatus is composed of microtubules, which are long, thin, cylindrical structures made up of protein subunits called tubulin.

The microtubules of the spindle apparatus radiate outwards from the centrosomes and attach to the chromosomes via protein structures called kinetochores.

The spindle apparatus helps to separate the chromosomes during cell division by pulling them towards opposite poles of the cell.

Therefore, the correct option is c: microtubules and motor proteins.

To know more about Centrioles:

https://brainly.com/question/18960386

#SPJ1

which of the following is a fungal infection that spreads throughout the body? answer unselected cutaneous mycosis unselected superficial mycosis unselected systemic mycosis unselected athlete's foot

Answers

Systemic mycosis is a type of fungal infection that can spread throughout the body and affect multiple organs and tissues. It is caused by various types of fungi, including Aspergillus, Candida, and Cryptococcus, among others.

The fungi that cause systemic mycosis are typically found in soil, water, and decaying vegetation, and can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Some of the most common types of systemic mycosis include:

Aspergillosis: This fungal infection is caused by the Aspergillus fungus and can affect the lungs, sinuses, and other organs. It is most commonly seen in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or organ transplants.

Candidiasis: This is a fungal infection caused by the Candida fungus, which is commonly found in the mouth, gut, and vagina. It can also affect the bloodstream and other organs, particularly in people with weakened immune systems.

Cryptococcosis: This is a fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus fungus, which is found in soil and bird droppings. It can cause lung infections and can also spread to the brain, causing meningitis.

Histoplasmosis: This is a fungal infection caused by the Histoplasma fungus, which is found in soil and bird droppings. It can cause lung infections and can also affect other organs, particularly in people with weakened immune systems.

To know more about mycosis

https://brainly.com/question/29669496

#SPJ11

if a virus attacks a cell, which type of immunity would be activated? humoral immunity cell-mediated immunity (cellular immunity)
antibody-mediated immunity

Answers

If a virus attacks a cell, both humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity would be activated.

Humoral immunity involves the production of antibodies by B cells, which can recognize and neutralize viruses that are circulating in the bloodstream or extracellular spaces. Antibodies can also activate complement proteins, leading to the destruction of viral particles.

Cell-mediated immunity, on the other hand, involves the activation of T cells, which can recognize and kill virus-infected cells. Infected cells present viral antigens on their surface using major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which can be recognized by T cell receptors. Activated T cells can then secrete cytokines that activate other immune cells or directly kill infected cells.

Therefore, both humoral and cell-mediated immunity are important for protecting against viral infections.

Learn more about antibodies:

https://brainly.com/question/15382995

#SPJ11

what is the hyalocytes (vitreous cells)?

Answers

Hyalocytes, also known as vitreous cells, are specialized cells found in the vitreous humor of the eye. Vitreous humor is a clear, gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina.

Hyalocytes are responsible for maintaining the structure and composition of the vitreous humor. They secrete a variety of proteins and enzymes that help to keep the vitreous gel stable and transparent.

In addition to their structural role, hyalocytes also play an important role in the immune system of the eye.

They help to identify and remove foreign particles and damaged cells from the vitreous humor, which helps to prevent inflammation and other types of damage to the eye.

Hyalocytes can become activated in response to injury or disease, which can lead to changes in the composition and structure of the vitreous humor.

This can contribute to the development of conditions such as floaters and retinal detachment. Understanding the role of hyalocytes in the eye is important for developing new treatments for these and other eye disorders.

For more such answers on vitreous humor

https://brainly.com/question/28275531

#SPJ11

What is a viral genome that has inserted itself into the genome of its host?

Answers

A viral genome that has inserted itself into the genome of its host is known as a provirus. This integration occurs when a virus, typically a retrovirus, inserts its genetic material into the host cell's DNA, allowing the viral genome to be replicated along with the host genome during cell division.

Once integrated, the viral DNA becomes a permanent part of the host genome, and can be passed on to future generations of cells through cell division. This can have a number of effects on the host cell, depending on where the viral DNA integrates and how it affects nearby genes. In some cases, the presence of viral DNA may have no effect at all, while in other cases it may lead to the activation or inactivation of certain genes, or even the development of cancer.

The study of proviruses and prophages is an active area of research, as scientists seek to understand the mechanisms by which viruses integrate into host genomes and the implications of these integrations for human health.

To know more about genome visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/29482089

#SPJ11

When the lens is relaxed and flattened, the focal point is {{c1::further from the lens}}

Answers

When the lens is relaxed and flattened, it means that the ciliary muscles surrounding the lens are not contracted. This results in a decrease in the curvature of the lens, which leads to a decrease in its refractive power.

As a result, the focal point of the light entering the eye is pushed further away from the lens. This means that the image formed on the retina is not as sharp as it would be if the lens were curved and had a higher refractive power. This is why people with a relaxed lens may experience blurred vision or difficulty focusing on objects that are close to them.
When the lens is relaxed, it becomes flatter and less curved. This change affects the way light is refracted and focuses light rays at a different point.


In a relaxed and flattened state, the lens has a lower refractive power, which means it takes a longer distance for the light rays to converge. As a result, the focal point moves further away from the lens. This is typically observed when viewing objects at a greater distance, as our eyes need to adjust to focus on them.

To know more about focal point refer to

https://brainly.com/question/16188698

#SPJ11

How are pupae, larvae, and nymphs similar

Answers

Answer:

Hm

Explanation:

Pupae, larvae, and nymphs are similar in that they are all developmental stages of insects and other arthropods.

1. Larvae:

Larvae are the immature stage of insects that hatch from eggs. They are usually worm-like or caterpillar-like in appearance and have simple body structures. Larvae are the stage where insects feed and grow the most. They undergo several molts before pupating or becoming adults.

2. Pupae:

Pupae are the stage between the larva and adult stage in insects. During this stage, the insect undergoes metamorphosis, transforming from a larva to an adult. During pupation, the insect's body undergoes drastic changes, including the development of wings, legs, and other adult structures.

3. Nymphs:

Nymphs are the immature stage of some arthropods, such as ticks and grasshoppers. They are similar to larvae in that they are still growing and developing. However, nymphs often resemble miniature versions of the adult, and they do not undergo complete metamorphosis like insects that have a pupal stage.

Overall, the similarities between these developmental stages lie in their shared function of allowing for the growth and development of insects and other arthropods.

How does calcium leave the cardiac muscle cell?

Answers

Calcium leaves the cardiac muscle cell through a process called calcium reuptake.

This process involves the calcium ions being transported back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, a specialized network of membranes and tubules within the muscle cell. This is achieved through the action of a protein called the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase, which uses ATP energy to pump the calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Once the calcium ions are back in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, they can be stored and then released again when needed for the next contraction of the cardiac muscle cell.

To learn more about cardiac muscle, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/14005473

#SPJ11

Electromagnetic receptors respond to {{c1::light}}

Answers

Electromagnetic receptors are specialized sensory cells that respond to light, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation.

These receptors are found in the eyes of most animals, including humans, and are responsible for converting light energy into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. The process by which electromagnetic receptors respond to light is complex and involves a series of biochemical reactions that ultimately result in the activation of nerve cells and the perception of visual information.

Electromagnetic receptors respond to light, which means they are specialized sensory cells that detect and process light energy from the electromagnetic spectrum. These receptors convert light into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain, allowing us to see and understand our surroundings.

To know more about electromagnetic receptors, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12700629

#SPJ11

Prevent Futile Cycles in the fed state: TG synthesis/TG breakdown in adipose tissuei don't even know

Answers

In the fed state, the body prevents futile cycles of triglyceride (TG) synthesis and breakdown in adipose tissue by regulating key enzymes.

Futile cycles occur when two opposing metabolic pathways run simultaneously, wasting energy. In the fed state, high levels of insulin promote TG synthesis (lipogenesis) and inhibit TG breakdown (lipolysis) in adipose tissue.

Insulin activates lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which hydrolyzes circulating triglycerides into fatty acids, allowing them to enter adipocytes for esterification into TGs.

Meanwhile, insulin inhibits hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), preventing TG breakdown into free fatty acids and glycerol. This coordinated regulation of enzymes allows the body to efficiently store excess energy as fat during the fed state, avoiding futile cycles.

Hence,  To prevent futile cycles in the fed state, the body promotes TG synthesis and inhibits TG breakdown in adipose tissue through the action of insulin on key enzymes like LPL and HSL.

learn more about triglyceride click here:

https://brainly.com/question/28201446

#SPJ11

How do cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell?
Helper T cells secrete antibodies against the viral antigen.
Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.
Helper T cells divide and produce plasma and memory cells.
The B cell recognizes the receptor-antigen complex and divides to produce plasma and memory cells.

Answers

The B cell recognizes the receptor-antigen complex and divides to produce plasma and memory cells. Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.

When an antigen is presented on the surface of a B cell, helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and become activated. These activated helper T cells then secrete cytokines that stimulate the B cell to divide and differentiate into plasma cells and memory B cells. The plasma cells produce and secrete antibodies against the viral antigen, while the memory B cells remain in circulation and quickly respond to future exposure to the same antigen. Therefore, the cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell by producing plasma and memory cells that secrete antibodies against the antigen.

To know more about B cell click here:

https://brainly.com/question/7697218

#SPJ11

( )-discodermolide is isolated from a sea sponge and shows promise in cancer treatment. how many e -double bonds exist in discodermolide?

Answers

There are 6 double bonds in discodermolide which is isolated from a sea sponge and show promise in cancer treatment.

Discodermolide is a polyketide natural product that is isolated from the marine sponge Discodermia dissoluta. It has demonstrated potential as a cancer treatment due to its ability to stabilize microtubules, which are essential components of cell division.

Discodermolide's chemical structure contains a total of 6 double bonds. These double bonds are part of the molecule's carbon backbone, which consists of several interconnected rings and carbon chains. The presence of double bonds in the structure can contribute to the molecule's bioactivity and its interaction with cellular targets, such as microtubules.

In summary, discodermolide is a promising cancer treatment isolated from a sea sponge and contains 6 double bonds in its chemical structure.

Learn more about cancer treatment:

https://brainly.com/question/12826495

#SPJ11

Cephalopods have several unique characteristics that set them apart from other mollusks. Complete the following sentences about cephalopods with the correct terms.The cephalopod____ has evolved into a series of arms, which are primarily used for handling prey

Answers

The cephalopod "foot" has evolved into a series of arms, which are primarily used for handling prey. Cephalopods, which include squids, octopuses, and cuttlefish, have evolved a unique adaptation where their muscular foot has transformed into a series of highly specialized arms.

These arms are lined with powerful suction cups, and are used primarily for handling prey, manipulating objects, and propelling the cephalopod through water. The arms of cephalopods are highly flexible and can be moved in any direction, allowing for great versatility and control when manipulating objects.

Learn more about cephalopod here:

https://brainly.com/question/20122998

#SPJ11

based on the function of the extraembryonic membranes, which of the problems would likely develop if there were a deficiency in the yolk sac? based on the function of the extraembryonic membranes, which of the problems would likely develop if there were a deficiency in the yolk sac? lack of umbilical cord formation and umbilical attachment to the urinary bladder lack of blood cells for the early embryo lack of development of the embryo loss of amniotic fluid

Answers

If there were a deficiency in the yolk sac, there would likely be a lack of blood cells for the early embryo.

This is because the yolk sac plays an important role in producing blood cells during the early stages of development. Without enough blood cells, the embryo may not be able to develop properly and could potentially suffer from various health problems.
In addition, a deficiency in the yolk sac could also lead to other issues such as a loss of amniotic fluid, as this fluid is produced by the extraembryonic membranes which include the yolk sac.
The yolk sac is an important part of the extraembryonic membranes and its deficiency could have significant impacts on the development of the embryo.

For more information on yolk sac kindly visit to

https://brainly.com/question/28286866

#SPJ11

What is the name of the mucous membrane that covers the white portion of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid?

Answers

The name of the mucous membrane that covers the white portion of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid is called the conjunctiva.


Conjunctiva: The conjunctiva is a clear, thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye (sclera) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It helps to lubricate the eye by producing mucus and tears, and also helps to protect the eye from foreign objects and infection. When the conjunctiva becomes inflamed, it is known as conjunctivitis, or "pink eye," which can be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergies, or irritants.The conjunctiva is a clear, thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye (sclera) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It produces mucus and tears to lubricate the eye and protect it from foreign objects and infection.

Learn more about conjuctiva here:

https://brainly.com/question/799276

#SPJ11

Other Questions
Anything less than ________ for African-Americans would betray the Civil Wars meaning, black spokesmen insisted. a bridge hand is defined as 13 cards selected at random and without replacement from a deck of 52 cards. in a standard deck of cards, there are 13 cards from each suit: hearts, spades, clubs, and diamonds. what is the probability of being dealt a hand that does not contain a heart? 3. Use the relationship between 21 and 25 to decide whether the top and middleshelves are parallel. (2 points) Which of these items can a person possess? airhouseworldocean an asset allocation strategy that is most likely to result in the purchase of securities when prices fall is: buy and hold strategy. tactical allocation strategy. dynamic allocation strategy. constant weighting strategy. Who did Germany ally with on March 12, 1938? given the energy diagram of an sn1 reaction mechanism, which of the following statements are correct? (select all that apply.) multiple select question. d represents a transition state. b represents the carbocation intermediate. a represents the products. c represents the carbocation intermediate. Upper motor neuron lesion SIGNS2. disuse atrophy NO FASCICULATIONS in any organic redox reaction, you can recognize the reduced and oxidized organic molecules by tracking the charges between products and reactants. reduction corresponds to the internet assigned numbers authority (iana) is responsible for the global coordination of the domain name system (dns) root, ip addressing, and other internet protocol resources What is required in order to determine whether or not an object moves?O a reference pointO distanceO displacementO standard units When drawing the Lewis structure of a molecule, start by determining the total number of available valence based on each element's ___________ group number. Then, use the total number of electrons needed for each element to be stable, generally based on________ its charge, to determine the____________ ionic charge by finding the difference between the number of needed and available electrons divided by two. What naturally occurring hormone can also combat the growth of cancer cells, resulting in a decreased risk of prostate or breast cancer? Four statements that are examples of a simile in your own words What is the Big-O complexity of the following Python function, which takes in an array (n) and returns a count of the number of positive numbers in it (see implementation below)? = def count_the_positives (n) : positives 0 for i in n: if i > 0: positives +=1 return positives Question 3 of 5Why was the Act of Settlement passed? Pay attention to your kinesthetic senseyour sense of your body's position and motionto determine whether your vehicle is not balanced properly. When driving a car, you can feel the forces that its motion exerts on you. at an online marketplace, the includes anyone in an organization who interacts with current or potential shoppers. What percent of patients with palate repair will have VPI? Los brazos de un comps miden y forman un angulo de 40. Calcule el radio de la circunferencia que se puede trazar