mately, the albany plan of union was:____.
rejected by the colonies and the british. accepted by the colonies and put in place in 1755. accepted by the colonies but rejected by parliament. rejected by the colonies but imposed by

The  South African independence is the day that has been chosen to write on here

Sоuth Аfricа gаinеd its indepеndence from cоlоniаl rulе оn Mаy 31, 1910, with thе fоrmаtiоn оf thе Uniоn оf Sоuth Аfricа. Anywаy, this dаte is not celebrаted аs а рublic holidаy. Instеаd, Sоuth Аfricа cеlеbrаtеs Freedom Dаy оn April 27th tо mаrk thе еnd оf аpаrthеid аnd thе first democrаtic electiоns held оn this dаy in 1994.

Тhe histоry оf Sоuth Аfricа is cоmplex аnd mаrred by rаciаl segregаtiоn аnd discriminаtiоn, which lаsted fоr mаny deсаdes.

Apаrthеid, а systеm оf institutiоnаlized rаciаl segregаtiоn, wаs intrоduced in 1948, lеаding tо deсаdes оf oррressiоn аnd sociаl injusticе. In thе 1980s, rеsistаncе tо аpаrthеid grew, аnd а sеriеs оf рrotests аnd demоnstrаtiоns culminаted in thе releаse оf Nelsоn Mаndelа from prisоn in 1990 аnd thе еnd оf аpаrthеid.

Freedom Dаy is а рublic holidаy thаt commemorаtes thе еnd оf аpаrthеid аnd thе birth оf а democrаtic Sоuth Аfricа. It is а dаy tо celebrаte thе vаlues оf freedom, democrаcy, аnd humаn rights. Тhe dаy is mаrked by vаrious celebrаtiоns аnd events throughout thе сountry, including pаrаdes, cоncerts, аnd culturаl festivаls.

In schools, fаmilies, аnd workplаces, Freedom Dаy is celebrаted by reflecting оn thе histоry оf Sоuth Аfricа аnd thе struggles thаt lеd tо thе еnd оf аpаrthеid. Тhe dаy is аn оppоrtunity tо рromote unity аnd recоnciliаtiоn, bringing people оf different rаces аnd сultures tоgethеr tо celebrаte thеir shаred histоry аnd commоn futurе.

Freedom Dаy аlso reinfоrces thе аpplicаtiоn оf thе cоnstitutiоn оf Sоuth Аfricа, which enshrines thе vаlues оf democrаcy, humаn rights, аnd equаlity.

Тhe celebrаtiоn оf thе dаy serves аs а reminder оf thе importаnce оf uрholding thеse vаlues аnd working tоwаrds а morе just аnd equаl sоciety.

In summаry Freedom Dаy is аn importаnt рublic holidаy in Sоuth Аfricа thаt cеlеbrаtеs thе еnd оf аpаrthеid аnd thе birth оf а democrаtic Sоuth Аfricа.

Тhe dаy is celebrаted through vаrious events аnd аctivities, рromoting unity, recоnciliаtiоn, аnd thе vаlues оf democrаcy аnd humаn rights.

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On Sep. 22, 1862, Lincoln announced the preliminary emancipation of the slaves, but only in areas still controlled by the Union forces during the Civil War. The Emancipation Proclamation was officially signed on January 1, 1863, declaring that all slaves in the Confederate states "shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free."

From 1861 until his murder in 1865, Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, presided over the country. He is recognized by many as one of America's greatest presidents for having guided the nation through the Civil War, kept the Union together, and outlawed slavery with the Emancipation Proclamation. Lincoln was renowned for giving powerful speeches, such as the Gettysburg Address and his second inaugural address, which pushed for healing and peace following the war.

President Abraham Lincoln inked the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War. It said that all slaves in the Confederate states "shall then, thenceforward, and forever be free." It did not, however, apply to slaves in the border states that remained allies of the Union, nor did it extend to regions that the Union forces had already recaptured.

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Answer:

The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) were a radical labor union founded in Chicago in 1905. They were also known as the "Wobblies".

The IWW was dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of a worker-controlled society. They advocated for the abolition of the wage system, the end of exploitation of workers, and the formation of a "one big union" that would include all workers in all industries, regardless of skill level or ethnicity.

The IWW believed in the power of direct action, such as strikes and sabotage, as a means of achieving their goals. They also supported the use of general strikes and the overthrow of the government if necessary to achieve their objectives.

The IWW attracted a diverse group of workers, including immigrants, African Americans, and women, and was known for its militant tactics and radical politics. Despite facing government repression and opposition from more conservative labor unions, the IWW remained active throughout the early 20th century and had a significant impact on the labor movement and broader society.

Answer:

morphine, heroin, and cocaine

Explanation:

In 1912, an international conference was held to discuss controls on the opium trade. Great Britain wanted substances like morphine and cocaine included in the discussion, as these were replacing opium in terms of use and abuse. This led to several countries agreeing to control international trade and domestic sale and use of these substances.

The conference aimed to establish regulations on the production and distribution of opium and its derivatives, as well as substances like morphine and cocaine. These substances were increasingly being used for non-medical purposes, leading to addiction and other social issues. By including these substances in the discussion, the conference aimed to address a broader range of drug-related problems.
As a result of the conference, participating countries agreed to establish controls on the international trade and domestic sale and use of these substances. This included implementing licensing systems for the import and export of these drugs, as well as regulating the sale and use within their borders. These measures were intended to reduce the illicit trade and abuse of opium, morphine, cocaine, and other similar substances.
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The content of such letter which should be a formal letter is as presented below

Dear President Johnson,

As a teenager in 1964, I had to express my concern about the bombing of North Vietnam. I understand that you feel the need to intervene in the conflict, but I do not believe that bombing innocent civilians and destroying their homes and infrastructure is the right way to achieve our goals.

Meanwhile, the Vietnam War was not ours. The Vietnamese people have been fighting for independence from foreign rule for decades, and we do not dictate their political future. The use of military force will escalate the situation and lead to unnecessary bloodshed. However, we should target diplomacy and peaceful conflict resolution. The United States should not engage in wars that do not directly threaten our national security. We urge you to reconsider your approach to this conflict and seek a peaceful solution through diplomatic channels.

Sincerely,

[Your Name]

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The given statement: At the end of the War of 1812, there were only two independent nations in the Western Hemisphere: the United States and Haiti. However, the Monroe Doctrine was issued in 1823, eight years after the end of the war is False.

The Monroe Doctrine was issued in 1823, eight years after the end of the War of 1812, which reaffirmed the independence of the United States.

While it is true that there were only two independent nations in the Western Hemisphere at the end of the War of 1812 - the United States and Haiti - this fact is not directly related to the issuance of the Monroe Doctrine.

The Monroe Doctrine was a foreign policy statement made by President James Monroe in 1823, which declared that the United States would oppose any further colonization or intervention by European powers in the Americas.

This doctrine served to establish the United States as the dominant power in the Western Hemisphere and set the stage for American imperialism in the 19th and 20th centuries.

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The Cold War

After the Second World War, the level of military engagement between Western nations and the Soviet Union can be best explained by the development of the Cold War. This period, lasting from approximately 1947 to 1991, was characterized by political, economic, and military tensions between the two superpowers - the United States (and its Western allies) and the Soviet Union.

The Cold War was marked by an arms race, proxy wars, and the constant threat of a full-scale conflict between the superpowers. The two sides engaged in a struggle for global influence and power, often supporting opposing sides in regional conflicts around the world. Despite the tensions and military build-up, direct military confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union was avoided, hence the term "cold" war.

In summary, the level of military engagement between Western nations and the Soviet Union after the Second World War can be best explained by the development of the Cold War, characterized by an arms race, proxy wars, and political tensions between the two superpowers.

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The League of Nations Council met at least six times a year, although in exceptional circumstances they could meet more.

The Council was the main governing body of the League, with the primary responsibility of ensuring that the decisions of the League were carried out. It was composed of representatives from each of the member countries, and each member had one vote.

The Council had the power to formulate plans, to investigate disputes and to make recommendations to the League. It also had the authority to impose sanctions on countries that violated international law or failed to abide by the decisions of the League.

The Council was responsible for the administration of the League, including the Secretariat and its various commissions. In addition, the Council had the power to appoint the Secretary-General and to consider the annual budget of the League.

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Answer:  The Burning of the Reichstag was a pivotal moment in Nazi Germany, as it allowed Hitler and the Nazis to consolidate their power by blaming the fire on the communists and passing the Enabling Act, which gave Hitler dictatorial powers. Many historians believe that the fire was actually set by the Nazis themselves as a pretext for their power grab. Overall, the event played a significant role in the rise of Nazi Germany and the consolidation of Hitler's power.

Explanation: Sincerely, answered by Lizzy ♡ :: as an A+ student, I want to make sure other students can succeed as well, so in my free time: i answer questions like yours on Brainly! if you could click the thanks heart, give me brainliest by clicking the crown, and rate my answer 5 stars, it would be appreciated! have a lovely day! (ᵔᴥᵔ)

The ancient Chinese, particularly during the Han Dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE), were renowned for their innovations in papermaking. In addition to using materials like hemp and mulberry bark to make paper, they also experimented with other materials, such as silk and bamboo.

One of the most interesting examples of this experimentation is the idea of using the fibers of tree bark to make paper. The Chinese had long used mulberry bark to make paper, but they also explored the use of other types of bark, such as the bark of the paper mulberry tree. This type of bark is particularly fibrous and was found to be an excellent source of fiber for making paper. However, despite these experiments, it is worth noting that paper made from tree bark never became a widely used alternative to other types of paper, such as that made from hemp or mulberry bark. Nonetheless, the Chinese have a long and storied history of innovation in papermaking, which has had a profound impact on the world of art, literature, and communication.

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The candidates who received the most votes were Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas. So, i was a close election in terms of electoral votes but not in terms of popular votes.

The election had 4 major candidates ran for president who were Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John C. Breckinridge and John Bell.

But Lincoln won the election with 180 electoral votes while Douglas came in second with 12 electoral votes. The election was close in terms of electoral votes but not in terms of popular votes because Lincoln won with a clear majority in the electoral college.

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Modern scholars now believe that many aristocratic women in southern France in the twelfth century were highly educated and held significant power and influence within their households and communities.

These women were often involved in literary and artistic pursuits, and were also actively engaged in politics and diplomacy. This new perspective challenges earlier beliefs that women of this time and place were solely relegated to domestic duties and lacked agency.

The region of France south of the Marais Poitevin that borders the Atlantic Ocean, Spain, the Mediterranean Sea, and Italy is referred to as Southern France, sometimes known called the South of France or informally as le Midi in French.

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Elie Wiesel was a Holocaust survivor who dedicated his life to promoting the importance of human rights and combating indifference, particularly in the context of the atrocities he witnessed during the Holocaust.

Elie Wiesel believed that indifference, or the lack of concern for the suffering of others, was a dangerous and destructive force that could lead to violence and injustice.

Wiesel's thoughts on indifference were a call to action for individuals to take responsibility for the suffering of others and to stand up against injustice, no matter how difficult or uncomfortable it may be.

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A Constituency  or Riding may be a topographical zone in which citizens who are qualified to vote choose a agent to serve within the administrative body of their government, such as a part of parliament or congress.

The First Past the Post System is an electoral system in which voters cast their votes for a candidate, and the candidate with the foremost votes wins the decision. This framework is used in numerous nations, counting the Joined together States, the Joined together Kingdom, and Canada.

Therefore, the similarities between Proportional Representation and the First Past the Post System is that they are both strategies of choosing agents, but they have a few noteworthy contrasts.

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See text below



3

INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following questions using complete sentences. Enjoy!

1. What is a Constituency or Riding?

2. Explain the First Past the Post System.

3. What are the similarities and differences between Proportional Representation and the First Past the Post System?

4. What events occur during an election - from its beginning to its end?

5. Is our democracy truly democratic? Why or why not?

The given statement "The Comstock Law was a ruling against the possession of guns in the 1920s" is False because a set of laws aimed at regulating obscene materials and contraceptives in the late 19th century.

Instead, it was a set of federal laws enacted in the United States in 1873, primarily aimed at regulating the distribution of obscene materials and contraceptives through the postal system. The Comstock Law was named after its chief proponent, Anthony Comstock, who was a moral reformer seeking to suppress the circulation of material he deemed immoral. This law made it illegal to send or receive materials related to birth control, abortion, or any "obscene, lewd, and/or lascivious" content through the mail. Violators could face severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment.

While the Comstock Law was primarily focused on obscenity and contraception, its broad language enabled its application to other materials as well. In the years following its enactment, the law led to the suppression of various forms of literature, art, and scientific materials, and was criticized for infringing on freedom of speech and expression.

In the 1920s, the issue of gun control was indeed a topic of discussion in the United States, but it was not addressed through the Comstock Law. Instead, the 1920s saw the beginning of efforts to regulate firearms, which eventually led to the enactment of the National Firearms Act in 1934.

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The Han dynasty, which ruled China for over 400 years, made considerable contributions to science and technology.

One of their brilliant achievements was the improvement of acupuncture, which is still extensively practiced nowadays.

Acupuncture involves the use of thin needles to stimulate particular points at the frame to alleviate ache and treat numerous ailments. The Han dynasty also advanced the seismometer, an device that measures seismic interest and detects earthquakes.

This invention was important in a country at risk of earthquakes, because it allowed for early warnings and helped decrease the loss of lifestyles and assets harm. those achievements show the Han dynasty's scientific and technological advancements, which had an enduring effect on China and the arena.

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The social conditions of the late 1960s, marked by political and social upheaval, civil rights movements, and anti-war protests, greatly influenced the marketing of 2001: A Space Odyssey, released in 1968. The film appealed to a broad audience, but its marketing was primarily targeted toward sci-fi fanboys and recreational drug users, who were seeking a sensory and mind-altering experience.

2001: A Space Odyssey's stunning visual effects, complex themes, and philosophical questions about the nature of humanity and the universe resonated with the sci-fi community. The film was marketed as an innovative and revolutionary piece of cinema, which offered a glimpse into the future of technology and human evolution. At the same time, the film's mind-bending visuals and abstract concepts, along with the use of psychedelic music, made it attractive to recreational drug users seeking a sensory and transcendent experience.

While the film did not explicitly target anti-war protestors or religious movie-goers, its themes of peace, unity, and the potential for humanity to evolve and transcend its limitations, may have resonated with these groups as well. Overall, the marketing of 2001: A Space Odyssey reflected the social conditions of the late 1960s, and the film's appeal to different audiences was shaped by its innovative and experimental nature.

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True

Thomas Jefferson did write the first draft of the Declaration of Independence, and then it was edited by others of the continental congress

True. Thomas Jefferson wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence in June 1776. However, his draft went through several revisions and edits by the Continental Congress before it was finally approved and signed on July 4th of that year.

John Adams and Benjamin Franklin were among the committee members who made significant changes to Jefferson's original draft, including adding or deleting certain phrases and making the language more inclusive. Despite these changes, Jefferson is still credited with being the primary author of the document, and his original draft remains an important historical artifact. The Declaration of Independence declared the United States as an independent nation and listed the colonists' grievances against the British government, laying the foundation for the American Revolution and the formation of a new government.

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The violent events during the Civil Rights Movement had a profound impact on the course of the movement.

The violence at the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, in 1965, which came to be known as "Bloody Sunday," drew national attention and helped lead to the passage of the Voting Rights Act later that year. Conversely, the violence that occurred during the Watts Riots in Los Angeles in 1965 damaged the reputation of the Civil Rights Movement, as it was largely seen as a race riot rather than a legitimate protest against police brutality and systemic racism.

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The Sharpeville demonstration of 1960 resulted in the deaths of sixty-nine people. Thus, option A is correct.

Thus, police in a black township in South Africa opened fire on a crowd of people peacefully opposing draconian pass laws on March 21, 1960, killing 69 persons in all. Every March 21 is observed as International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, a day to memorialize the Sharpeville Massacre.

On March 21, 1960, in the Sharpeville police station in the township of that same name in the then-Transvaal Province of the then-Union of South Africa, the Sharpeville Massacre took place. Following their anti-pass laws rally, a group of roughly 7,000 demonstrators headed to the police station.

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Utilitarianism advocated a more empirical and objective basis for legal decisions. Therefore, punishment would be based on the measured social consequences of the crime.

The legal philosopher who advocated a more empirical and objective basis for legal decisions, where punishment would be based on the measured social consequences of the crime, is Jeremy Bentham. Bentham is known for his utilitarian philosophy, which sought to maximize the greatest good for the greatest number of people. In the context of law and punishment, Bentham believed that the severity of punishment should be proportionate to the harm caused by the crime and that punishment should serve as a deterrent to future criminal behavior. This approach is sometimes referred to as "classical utilitarianism" or "hedonistic utilitarianism."

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Amos, a shepherd, and prophet in the 8th century BC made a statement to the priest Amaziah. He said, "I was neither a prophet nor the son of a prophet, but I was a shepherd, and I also took care of sycamore fig trees."

This statement was significant because it emphasized the fact that Amos was not trained as a prophet, but was called by God to prophesy to the northern kingdom of Israel. The statement also highlighted the humble origins of Amos as a shepherd and farmer, which added to his credibility as a prophet speaking on behalf of the common people.

This statement challenged the authority of the established religious leaders and emphasized the importance of listening to the message, rather than focusing on the messenger. Amos' words continue to inspire and challenge people today to heed God's call and to speak truth to power, regardless of their background or status.

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The last major conflict between Native American tribes and US soldiers was the Wounded Knee incident, which occurred on December 29, 1890, in South Dakota.

The incident began as an attempt by US soldiers to disarm the Lakota Sioux tribe, who had been performing the Ghost Dance, a religious ceremony that the US government viewed as a threat. The confrontation turned violent, and within a matter of hours, approximately 300 Lakota men, women, and children were killed, marking the end of large-scale armed conflict between Native American tribes and US soldiers. While there were smaller-scale conflicts and incidents in the years that followed, including the Battle of Sugar Point in 1898 and the Battle of Bear Valley in 1918, these were relatively minor in comparison to earlier conflicts such as the Indian Wars of the mid-19th century.

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Jared Diamond found that around 148 plant species were available for domestication.

In his book "Guns, Germs, and Steel," Diamond discusses the process of domesticating plants and identifies around 148 plant species that were suitable for domestication. He explains that these plants had certain characteristics that made them easier to cultivate, such as being able to grow in large quantities, having a high yield, and being able to tolerate human intervention. Diamond's research in his book "Guns, Germs, and Steel" suggests that only a small percentage of these plants, around 0.1%, were eventually domesticated by humans, as they needed to possess certain characteristics to make them suitable for cultivation and consumption. However, out of the 148 plant species, only a few were actually domesticated and became major food crops, such as wheat, rice, and corn.

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Examples of illegal diffusion via espionage include theft of trade secrets, unauthorized access to classified information, and cyber attacks targeting sensitive data.

Espionage, the practice of obtaining confidential information without permission, is illegal and can result in serious consequences for individuals and countries involved.

Illegal diffusion through espionage can take various forms, including theft of trade secrets, unauthorized access to classified information, and cyber attacks targeting sensitive data. This kind of activity can harm national security, economic competitiveness, and even human lives.

For instance, theft of trade secrets can lead to lost revenue, job loss, and intellectual property theft. Cyber attacks targeting critical infrastructure, such as energy or transportation systems, can disrupt essential services and jeopardize public safety.

Governments and organizations need to take steps to prevent and mitigate the risks associated with illegal diffusion via espionage to safeguard their interests and citizens.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The Nazi system of mass murder was brutally effective because at the times Germany was fighting in World War II, Germany couldn't be able to fend off against the Nazi's in which many of the jews died in the process.  This was why Hitler's Nazi plan was a terrific idea, he planned it at the perfect time without the German military not being to much of a worry.

The soldiers of world war 1 coped well and against all the odds managed to live reasonably happy and contented lives. Yet many men found themselves alone in a crowd.

The soldiers experienced the trench which involved the terror of mud, slime and disease and the constant threat of shellfire. During World War 1 heavy artillery and new weapons such as poison gas threatened death from afar; but hand to hand combat with clubs and knives killed many during the grisly business of trench raids.

No one had really defined the nature of combat fatigue or post-traumatic stress disorder in the 1920s and there was little psychological help available.

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Nacht- Hexen was a group of female Soviet pilots who flew bombing missions during World War II. It stands as a symbol of female empowerment and bravery.

What impact did the Night Witches have?

The Nacht-Hexen, or Night Witches, was a group of female Soviet pilots who flew bombing missions during World War II. They flew outdated biplanes and were often sent on dangerous night missions to attack German targets. Despite the risks and lack of proper equipment, the Night Witches were incredibly effective and feared by the Germans. They were known for their stealth and ability to drop bombs silently, earning them the nickname "Night Witches."

Today, the Nacht-Hexen continues to inspire and serve as a symbol of female empowerment and bravery. Their story is a reminder of the important role that women played during World War II and the sacrifices they made in the fight against fascism. They are also a testament to the power of determination and perseverance in the face of adversity. The Nacht-Hexen serve as an inspiration for women in aviation and the military, and their legacy continues to live on.

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Answer:

Some major events in science, technology, and popular culture during the 1940s and 1950s include:

Science and Technology:

Popular Culture:

Explanation: