List and briefly describe the chemical sequence of events in the fight-or-flight response to a threatening situation from the binding of epinephrine at the receptor site to readiness for another situation.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Binding taking place at the receptor site

G protein activates in the cell membrane

Conversion of GDP → GTP

Activation of adenylate cycles

Cyclic production of AMP → ADP

Initiation of the desired reaction in regard to the original message

Cyclic restoration of AMP → ATP

Explanation:

The description of the mechanism:

Right off the bat, epinephrine attaches to a molecule called a receptor (beta-adrenergic protein).

G protein, which is found on the inner side of the plasma membrane, is activated when epinephrine binds to it.

The GDP-carrying Alpha subunit of G protein is isolated during activation. After that, the GDP is translated to GTP.

Adenylate cyclase is then activated by GTP.

The only enzyme that can catalyze the transformation of ATP to CAMP is adenylate cyclase (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate). As a result, the CAMP molecule (secondary messenger) is produced.

CAMP stimulates protein kinase A, and the cycle repeats till the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme is triggered.

After that, the cyclic amp is brought back and restored.


Related Questions

g Cells called ________ influence development by controlling the fate of other cells in their local environment

Answers

Answer:

Neighboring Cells

Explanation:

Neighboring Cells are known to be the type of cells that influence development by controlling the fate of other cells in their local environment.

Typically Neighboring cells through the process often referred to as Induction simply influence the development of other cells nearby or in their local environment. This process of cell influence is either by direct cell-cell contact or through the release of practice chemical signals.

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is "Neighboring Cells."

Find the volume.
7 in
7 in
9 in

Answers

Answer:

441 in^3

hope this helps

have a good day :)

Explanation:

Answer:
441
Explanation:
multiply

Gas exchange occurs when

a.oxygen in the alveoli diffuses into the blood in the capillaries b. oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the red blood cells
c. the red blood cells give up oxygen to the cells of the body tissues
d. All of the above

Answers

okokokokokokokkhgfjff

Answer:

A. Oxygen in the alveoli diffuses into the blood in the capillaries.

What is one type of light that can be used for photosynthesis

Answers

Answer:

The majority of green light is useful in photosynthesis. The relative quantum efficiency curve (Photo 1) shows how efficiently plants use wavelengths between 300 and 800 nm. Green light is the least efficiently used color of light in the visible spectrum.

formula to calculate marginal rate of substitution ​

Answers

Answer:

(MRSxy) = ∆Y/ ∆X

Explanation:

Are there telomeres on both the leading and lagging strand of DNA?

Answers

Answer:

To prevent the loss of genes as chromosome ends wear down, the tips of eukaryotic chromosomes have specialized DNA “caps” called telomeres. The overhang at the leading strand end of the chromosome is actually generated by enzymes that cut away part of the DNA 1start superscript, 1, end superscript

Explain to me what a animal classification is

Answers

Classification is a method of grouping things together based on common qualities. Animal classification is critical since it aids in the identification and naming of all species on the planet. Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primata, Hominidae sapiens are the classifications for humans.

I NEED HELP ASAP
Describe a cause of aerosol (particulate matter) pollution; then briefly explain its effect on human health.

Answers

A major cause of aerosol pollution is the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas for transportation, energy production, and industrial processes.

What is aerosol pollution?

Aerosol pollution is also known as particulate matter pollution. It refers to the presence of tiny solid and liquid particles which are known as particulate matter, in the air. These particles can come from a variety of sources, including vehicle exhaust, industrial processes, construction activities, wildfires, and dust storms.

Aerosol pollution can various harmful effects on human health, as the tiny particles can easily penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream when inhaled. Exposure to high levels of aerosol pollution has been linked to a range of health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and premature death.

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Stacy has two fruits one is scaly with a few buds and the other has a hairy structure. Which parts of the vegetable plant did she buy?

Answers

Answer:

So, the first part of Stacy's vegetable is definitely turbous stem. The other part must be root, because it has hairy structures. These hair-like structures have function in the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

What do you predict would happen if hydrogen bonds formed between any two nitrogenous bases in DNA ?

Answers

Answer:

I believe replication would not be possible, therefore the DNA would cease to help recreate cells which are essential to the human body.

Explanation:

This question by far is highly interesting, in fact it is very controversial too. However, with the sudden beginning of an actual hydrogen bond forming within nitrogenous bases, then replication would not be possible. This is so because replication relies only on nitrogenous bases rather than hydrogenous bonds. Therefore, resulting in a possible defect in the process of replicating to occur. However, if possible, I believe there might be even a chance of a mutation to occur, yet that is highly rare given the stance that the DNA molecule would not be able to pretty much do anything if that were to occur.

In a eukaryotic cell in mitotic S-phase, a spontaneous DNA double-strand break occurred due to replication fork collapse. Genetic analysis indicates that the break was repaired by a non-crossover mechanism resulting in a stable genome. The DNA repair process responsible for this outcome was:

Answers

Answer: The DNA repair process was called recombination repair.

Explanation: A sister or homologous chromatide is used to generate recombination and be repaired in this sort of cases.

About how long did it take to grow the last 20 cells?

Answers

The rate of cell growth is increasing,its takes about 20 hours to grow 10 ells ,but it only takes 2-3 hr to grow the last 20 cellsExtend your thinking: In living organisms, the cell cycle is closely regulated.

A group of researchers wants to determine the most effective antibiotic for killing the disease causing bacteria E. coli. They select 5 different antibiotics and determine how many cells were killed at the end of the experiment. The dependent variable in this experiment would be

Answers

Answer:

Number of cells killed at the end of the experiment

Explanation:

In research, the dependent variable is one whose value is dependent on another variable - a variable that is supplied by the researcher during the course of the experiment which is also known as the independent variable.

In this case, since the main objective of the research was to determine the most effective antibiotic against the E. coli, the variable that is supplied by the researcher (the independent variable) is, therefore, the different antibiotics while the variable whose value varies based on which of the antibiotics is introduced is the number of dead bacterial cells.

Therefore, the dependent variable is the number of cells killed by each antibiotic.

A (n) ... is a type of Chemical bond in which a strong mutual attraction forms between ions in opposite charge

Answers

Answer:

ionic bond

Explanation:

Explanation:

Ionic. bond is the the answer .

What percentage of businesses are sole proprietorships?
Ob
25 percent
40 percent
75 percent
98 percent
Od

Answers

Answer:

73.1 percent=75 %

Explanation:

Sole proprietorships comprise the majority of all business forms. According to Census data, 73.1 percent of all businesses were sole proprietorships (20.3 million firms). 13.1 percent of all businesses were S corporations (3.65 million firms), and about 8 percent were partnerships (2.2 million firms

Maintaining high global biodiversity is important to provide ecosystem services to humans. Describe one cultural ecosystem service provided by diverse ecosystems.

Answers

Answer:

Ecosystem services of provision or supply

Explanation:

Ecosystem services

When talking about ecosystem services, we are referring to the benefits that ecosystems provide us. There are four types of ecosystem services:  

Provision or supply:

These are the products obtained by nature to be used or consumed, directly or with previous processing. Among them, we might mention food, clear freshwater, fertile soils, geotic materials (such as salt), raw materials (that can be used for clothing, construction), renewable fuels, biochemical compounds, pharmacological/medicinal resources, among others. Provisioning service has an impact on the economy, as many of these products are used to commercialize.  

Regulation:

Refers to ecological processes that improve life. Among others, we might mention climate regulation, CO² absorption, water purification, air purification, erosion control, natural disaster avoidance such as flooding, soil fertility maintenance, waste recycling, pests/plagues control, etc.  

Cultural:

Refers to not the material benefits. Ecosystems also provide a recreational place or area to spend time, to learn, provide a spiritual/religious space, are a source of inspiration. Ecosystems are considered to be cultural patrimony. Ecosystems are the source of scientific knowledge.

Support:

Involves ecological processes needed for the production of the other three previously mentioned services. There are five different support services:

→ Soil formation

→ Photosynthesis

→ Primary production

→ Nutrients cycles

→ Water cycle

Under certain circumstances, regulation services can also be considered support services.

Support service affects human beings indirectly, or direct but causing an effect in a long-term period.  

Suppose a new species of shark is discovered, and the dorsal fin length is found to be determined by additive alleles at three independently assorting loci (A, B, and C). The dorsal fin length of aabbcc sharks is 12 cm, and the dorsal fin length of AABBCC sharks is 30 cm. Assuming that the alleles contribute equally, what will be the length (in cm) of the dorsal fin of an animal with genotype AAbbcc

Answers

Answer:

The length of the dorsal fin of an animal with genotype AAbbcc is 18 cm

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.

Which of the following species would have the greatest chance of going extinct?(1 point)

a species with a fast reproduction rate and lots of genetic variation living in a changing environment

a species with a fast reproduction rate and lots of genetic variation living in a stable environment

a species with a slow reproduction rate and very little genetic variation living in a changing environment

a species with a slow reproduction rate and very little genetic variation living in a stable environment

Answers

The species that would have the greatest chance of going extinct is the species with the slow reproduction rate and little genetic variation. Because they won’t reproduce as fast and then when they do reproduce they will be almost the exact same and will live in an environment that changes which would mean they would be able to change and adapt with it .

Extinction of the species refers to the death of the total species from the planet. The species with a slow reproduction rate and little hereditable variability habiting changing conditions will extinct first.

What factors influences the extinction rate?

Many biological factors affect the survival of the organism as they play the most crucial role in the life and death of the species. The organism's reproduction rate, genetic modification and variability affect the survival of the organism.

The species that have a high rate of reproduction and high genetic variation can survive and continue their lineage when the surrounding habitat or the environment is altered or modified as they have better traits and characters.

The species in a changing environment with slow reproducing capability and very less genetic modification and variation will reduce the survival and adaptation chances of the organism and are more likely to go extinct first compared to the other organisms.

Therefore, option c, slow reproduction and less genetic variation in the species will go extinct first.

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7. Scrie metoda corectă de separare a substanțelor corespunzătoare următoarelor
amestecuri:
Amestecuri
Metode de separare a amestecurilor
Boabe de fasole și apă
Plante medicinale în ceai
Resturi menajere din chiuvetă TE ROG REPEDE DAU COROANA LA PRIMUL CARE RASPUNDE‼️‼️‼️​

Answers

Answer:

por favor, ingles para bio

Explanation:

Deer are eating Mr. Thompson's rose bushes. He puts a new deer repellent point on half of his rose bushes and then waters them. He uses the same amount of water on the other half of his rose bushes but does not put the repellent on them. What is the control group for his experiment?
A: the rose bushes with deer repellent
B: the rose bushes without the deer repellent
C: the amount of water used
D: the type of brush used

Answers

Answer:

B. The rose bushes without the deer repellent

Explanation:

In an experiment, the control group is often the group that is not exposed to the independent variable.

The control group is usually used for comparison between it and the experimental groups.

In this experiment, the rose bushes without the deer repellent are the control group.

As the control group, these rose bushes will be compared to the ones that have deer repellent.

The correct answer is B. The rose bushes without the deer repellent

what is evolution?...​

Answers

Answer:

Evolution is an adjustment of the heritable attributes of natural populaces over progressive ages. These attributes are the outflows of qualities that are given from parent to posterity during generation. There are also three main types of evolution: divergent, convergent, and parallel evolution.

Explanation:

this is an easy science question please help




Assume that a flood washed out all of the plants in a large area along the bank of a river. It left behind
nothing but soil. How will ecological succession occur in this area?

Answers

Answer:

ecological succession in this area will washout and more danger to many citizens on that area.

Why Mollusca lost segmentation?

Answers

The ancestors of the Mollusca phylum did not lose segmentation; they never developed it in the first place. Based on their evolutionary development, early species were able to survive without segmentation.

naCI forms what when placed into water

Answers

Answer:

When salt is mixed with water, the salt dissolves because the covalent bonds of water are stronger than the ionic bonds in the salt molecules.

Explanation:

na+ plus cl- plus heat

salt stays the same but adds some heat

Put in order from smallest to largest
Solar system,stars,planets,Universe,galaxy

Answers

Answer:

planet, star, solar system, galaxy and universe

Explanation:

planet, star, solar system, galaxy and universe

Universe, Galaxy, Solar system, stars, and planets.

A biologist grows bacterial cultures to see if there is a relationship between time and growth rate. Here are the data. Which hypothesis test would you use to see if there a relationship between growth rates and time

Answers

Answer:

Direct relationship.

Explanation:

There is direct relationship between growth rates and time which means growth rate of organism increases with the passage of time. Direct relationship means if one increases the other automatically increases and if one decreases, the other also decreases. The growth of bacteria becomes double when more time passes and vice versa. After every 20 minutes, the population of bacteria becomes double.

1. Place these events in the correct order to show
the cause-and-effect relationships that lead
to algae blooms.
a. decomposers that break down dead
algae take in oxygen for cellular
respiration
b. lack of oxygen causes fish and other
aquatic organisms to die
c. excess nutrients from fertilizer are
transported by rain to nearby bodies of
water
d. people overfertilize crops and lawns
e. algae overgrow, become overcrowded,
and die
f. excess nitrogen and phosphorus leads
to overgrowth of algae

Answers

The overgrowth of microscopic algae is an algal bloom. The correct order is people overfertilize, excess nutrients transported by rain to nearby water bodies, excess nitrogen and phosphorus leads to algal bloom, algae overgrow, become overcrowded, decomposers that break down dead algae take in oxygen for cellular respiration and finally lack of oxygen causes death of fish and other aquatic life.

What are algal bloom?

The overgrowth of microscopic algae or algae-like bacteria in fresh or salt, waters is referred to as algal bloom.

Depending on the type that cause it, an algal bloom may produce bad-smelling, foam, or a paint-like slick.

According to the given scenario, the correct order will be:

People overfertilize crops and lawns.Excess nutrients from fertilizer are transported by rain to nearby water bodies.Excess nitrogen and phosphorus leads to overgrowth of algaeAlgae overgrow, become overcrowded, and die.Decomposers that break down dead algae take in oxygen for cellular respiration.Lack of oxygen causes fish and other aquatic organisms to die.

Thus, this was the correct order of events to show the cause-and-effect relationships that leads to algal bloom.

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PLEASE ANSWER ASAP WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!!

Choose all the answers that apply.

What does the cardiovascular system do?

a.) transports oxygen and carbon dioxide for the respiratory system

b.) carries nutrients for the digestive system

c.) works with the immune system to fight infection

d.) carries hormones for the endocrine system

e.) sends nerve impulses to the brain and spinal cord

Answers

A) transports oxygen and carbon dioxide for the respiratory system

You have formulated a hypothesis. Pineapples contain more vitamin C. than oranges. to test this hypothesis you measure vitamin C levels in 20 oranges and 20 Pineapples from trees that were grown in the same orchard under the environmental conditions, ( temperatures, rain, sunlight) select all the statements that are true about this experiment

a. The independent variable is temperature
b. the control group in the experiment is the oranges
c. The type of fruit is a controlled variable
d. The dependent variable is the vitamin C levels in the pineapples and oranges

Answers

Answer:

d. The dependent variable is the vitamin C levels in the pineapples and oranges.

Explanation:

Select all the statements that are true about this experiment.

a. The independent variable is temperature. NO, temperature, as well as rain and sunlight are controlled variables and are not being evaluated in the experiment.

b. the control group in the experiment is the oranges. NO, there is no control group in this particular experiment.

c. The type of fruit is a controlled variable. NO, the type of fruit is the independent variable.

d. The dependent variable is the vitamin C levels in the pineapples and oranges. YES. According to your hypothesis, the vitamin C levels depend on the type of fruit.

A dispersion pattern that indicates that resources are abundant, evenly distributed with little interaction within individuals is:_______.

Answers

Answer:

Uniform dispersion pattern.

Explanation:

Uniform dispersion pattern is a type of dispersion pattern in which resources are present in abundant quantity as well as evenly distributed with little interaction within individuals. Due to abundant quantity of resources , the population of organisms increases that leads to more population of individuals in the ecosystem. Due to abundant amount of resources, there is less competition as well as interaction between individuals that are present at that time.

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