Last week, an investigative reporter for a major metropolitan newspaper discovered that the doctors conducting clinical trials of a new cancer treatment drug are also the principal shareholders in Cancer Solutions Inc. (CSI). CSI is the company developing and attempting to market the drug. Upon being interviewed by federal authorities, the doctors acknowledged their conflict of interest but reported that they were sold the shares at a 75% discount by CSI's chief financial officer. The CFO was concerned that CSI might not be able to meet its annual performance objectives and in turn pay his anticipated multimillion-dollar bonus.
Does an agency conflict exist between CSI's CFO and the company's shareholders?
a. Yes; CSI's CFO engaged in unethical conduct to manipulate the firm's short-term earnings and improve the likelihood of receiving his annual bonus.
b. Yes; the shares should not have been sold at a 75% discount, which is price discrimination.
c. No; professionals, such as doctors and professional money managers, would not participate in unethical activities.
d. No; in general, shareholders are satisfied with company officers engaging in any type of legal or illegal activity to ensure the chances of them receiving greater dividend payments.
Which of the following actions will help ease agency conflicts and better align managers' objectives with the firm's shareholder wealth?
a. Pay the manager a combination of salary and stock options (phased in over several years) that reward him or her for consistently increasing shareholder wealth.
b. Pay the manager a large base salary with a huge stock option package that matures on a single date.
Amalgamated Metals Corporation's stockholders are mostly individual investors, and there is relatively little institutional ownership. If several pension and mutual funds were to take large positions in Amalgamated Metals Corporation's stock, direct shareholder intervention would be___________ likely to motivate the firm's management.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

FIRST QUESTION

A)Yes; CSI's CFO engaged in unethical conduct to manipulate the firm's short-term earnings and improve the likelihood of receiving his annual bonus.

SECOND QUESTION

A)Pay the manager a combination of salary and stock options (phased in over several years) that reward him or her for consistently increasing shareholder wealth.

LAST QUESTION

MORE likely

Explanation:

We are informed from the question about an investigative reporter for a major metropolitan newspaper discovery about the doctors conducting clinical trials of a new cancer treatment drug are also the principal shareholders in Cancer Solutions Inc. And how The CFO was concerned that CSI might not be able to meet its annual performance objectives and in turn pay his anticipated multimillion-dollar bonus.

In this case there is an agency conflict that exist between CSI's CFO and the company's shareholders, this is because the, CSI's CFO engaged in unethical conduct to manipulate the firm's short-term earnings and improve the likelihood of receiving his annual bonus.

Agency conflict in finance, is also regarded as conflict of interest, usually occur between the management and the shareholders of that company, it is conflict that usually emerge when those that are required for certain responsibility like interest of principal decide to divert the the authority for their own benefits. However,agency conflict can be minimized by allowing transparency and some ways.

It should be noted here that the CSI's CFO engaged in unethical conduct to manipulate the firm's short-term earnings and improve the likelihood of receiving his annual bonus which is the reason behind the conflict because he act on his own interest.

SECOND QUESTION,

Which of the following actions will help ease agency conflicts and better align managers' objectives with the firm's shareholder wealth?

From the explanation of Agency conflict from First question it should be noted that there are some actions that will help to ease agency conflicts and better align managers' objectives with the firm's shareholder wealth such as

Payment of the manager a combination of salary and stock options (phased in over several years) that reward him or her for consistently increasing shareholder wealth.

The payment of the stock options to the manager will allow selling of stock at agreed price as well as date.

LAST QUESTION

Amalgamated Metals Corporation's stockholders are mostly individual investors, and there is relatively little institutional ownership. If several pension and mutual funds were to take large positions in Amalgamated Metals Corporation's stock, direct shareholder intervention would be__MORE__ likely to motivate the firm's management.


Related Questions

definition of observant in entrepreneur characteristics​

Answers

Answer:

In Entrepreneur characteristics, observant refers to the ability to quickly notice a certain pattern or unusual situation.

This skill is important because of these two following reasons:

- It helped the entrepreneur notice an existing trend. This trend could represent the things that are currently favored by the consumers in a certain market. Understanding trend will help you creating a product that can fit into that trend.

- It also help the entrepreneur notice the problems that occur internally. For example, being observant will help the entrepreneur notice the  negative emotion that the employees experience when facing a certain problem. After noticing this, the entrepreneur could develop some sort of strategy to lift their spirit.

The following are selected account balances from Penske Company and Stanza Corporation as of December 31, 2021:

Penske Stanza
Revenues $(842,000 ) $(568,000 )
Cost of goods sold 299,700 142,000
Depreciation expense 207,000 304,000
Investment income Not given 0
Dividends declared 80,000 60,000
Retained earnings, 1/1/21 (668,000 ) (222,000 )
Current assets 572,000 566,000
Copyrights 1,076,000 449,500
Royalty agreements 604,000 1,180,000
Investment in Stanza Not given 0
Liabilities (546,000 ) (1,631,500 )
Common stock (600,000 )($20 par) (200,000 ) ($10 par)
Additional paid-in capital 150,000 80,000


On January 1, 2013, Penske acquired all of Stanza's outstanding stock for $680,000 fair value in cash and common stock. Penske also paid $10,000 in stock issuance costs. At the date of acquisition copyrights (with a six-year remaining life) have a $440,000 book value but a fair value of $560,000.

a. As of December 31,2013, what is the consolidated copyrights balance?
b. For the year ending December 31,2013, what is consolidated net income?
c. As of December 31,2013, what is the consolidated retained earnings balance?
d. As of December 31,2013, what is the consolidated balance to be reported for goodwill?

Answers

Answer:

a. $1,625,500

b. $437,300

c. $1,025,300

d. $58,000

Explanation:

a. As of 31, December 2013, what is the consolidated copy rights balance

b. For the year ending, December 31, 2013, what is consolidated net income

c. As of December 31, 2013, what is the consolidates retained earnings balance

d. As of December 31, 2013 what is the consolidated balance to be reported for Goodwill.

Please find attached detailed explanations to the above questions and answers.

Mattola Company is giving each of its employees a holiday bonus of $200 on December 13, 20-- (a nonpayday). The company wants each employee's check to be $200. The supplemental tax percent is used.


Nobody has capped for OASDI prior to the bonus check.


a. What will be the gross amount of each bonus if each employee pays a state income tax of 2.8% (besides the other payroll taxes)? You may need to add one penny to the gross so that net bonus exactly equals $200. Round your calculations and final answers to the nearest cent.


b. What would the net amount of each bonus check be if the company did not gross-up the bonus? Round your intermediary calculations to the nearest cent.

Answers

Answer:

a. Gross amount of each bonus = $309.84

b. Net amount of each bonus = $129.10

Explanation:

Since the supplemental tax percent is used, the following are the relevant tax rates to be applied in the calculations:

STP = Supplemental tax percent = 25%

FICASO = Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) social security tax = 6.2%

FICAM = Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) Medicare tax = 1.45%.

SIT = State income tax = 2.8%

We therefore proceed as follows:

a. What will be the gross amount of each bonus if each employee pays a state income tax of 2.8% (besides the other payroll taxes)? You may need to add one penny to the gross so that net bonus exactly equals $200. Round your calculations and final answers to the nearest cent.

Given the tax rates above, the following formula is used to calculate the gross amount of each bonus:

Gross amount of each bonus = Holiday bonus amount / (100% - STP - FICASO - FICAM - SIT) …… (1)

Substituting the relevant values into equation (1), we have:

Gross amount of each bonus = $200/ (100% - 25% - 6.20% - 1.45% - 2.8%)

Gross amount of each bonus = $200 / 64.55%

Gross amount of each bonus = $309.837335398916

To the nearest cent which implies to two decimal places, we have:

Gross amount of each bonus = $309.84

b. What would the net amount of each bonus check be if the company did not gross-up the bonus? Round your intermediary calculations to the nearest cent.

The net amount of each bonus can be calculated using the following formula:

Net amount of each bonus = Holiday bonus amount * (100% - STP - FICASO - FICAM - SIT) …… (2)

Substituting the relevant values into equation (2), we have:

Net amount of each bonus = $200 * (100% - 25% - 6.20% - 1.45% - 2.8%)

Net amount of each bonus = $200 * 64.55%

Net amount of each bonus = $129.10

Thirteen students entered the business program at Sante Fe College 2 years ago. The following table indicates what each student scored on the high school SAT math exam and their​ grade-point averages​ (GPAs) after students were in the Sante Fe program for 2 years.
Student A B C D E F G
SAT Score 421 375 585 693 608 392 418
GPA 2.93 2.87 3.03 3.42 3.66 2.91 2.12
Student H I J K L M
SAT Score 484 725 506 613 706 366
GPA 2.50 3.24 1.97 2.73 3.88 1.58 ​
The​ least-squares regression equation that shows the best relationship between GPA and the SAT score is:________ ​(round your responses to four decimal ​places)​

Answers

Answer:

ŷ = 0.0035X + 1.0030

Explanation:

Given the data :

Student A B C D E F G H I J K L M

SAT Score: 421 375 585 693 608 392 418 484 725 506 613 706 366

GPA: 2.93 2.87 3.03 3.42 3.66 2.91 2.12 2.50 3.24 1.97 2.73 3.88 1.58 ​

We can obtain the Least square regression calculator, we can obtain the least square regression equation in the Format :

y = mx + c

Where ; m = gradient / slope

x = predictor variable ; c = intercept

y = Independent variable.

The model equation produced by the calculator is :

ŷ = 0.0035X + 1.0030

y predicted variable ; x = explanatory variable

0.0035 = slope or gradient ; 1.0030 = intercept

The Correct Answer is: ŷ = 0.0035X + 1.0030Given the data that is:Then Student is A B C D E F G H I J K L M sat score is421 375 585 693 608 392 418 484 725 506 613 706 366GPA :That is 2.93 2.87 3.03 3.42 3.66 2.91 2.12 2.50 3.24 1.97 2.73 3.88 1.58 ​Then We can obtain the Least square regression calculator, we can obtain the least square regression equation in the Format is :Then y = mx + cWhere; m = gradient / slopeThen x is = predictor variable ; c = intercepty is = Independent variable.After that The model equation produced by the calculator is :Then ŷ is = 0.0035X + 1.0030Now y predicted variable; x is = explanatory variableThus, 0.0035 = slope or gradient ; 1.0030 = intercept

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Key figures for Apple and Google follow.

$ millions Apple Google
Cash and equivalents. . . . . . . $20,484 $12,918
Accounts receivable, net. . . . . 15,754 14,137
Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,132 268
Retained earnings. . . . . . . . . 96,364 105,131
Cost of sales. . . . . . . . . . . 131,376 35,138
Revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215,639 90,272
Total assets. . . . . . . . . . . . 321,686 167,497

Required:
a. Compute common-size percents for each of the companies using the data provided.
b. If Google decided to pay a dividend, would retained earnings as a percent of total assets increase or decrease

Answers

Answer:

a. Common-size analysis Income statement figures expresses them as a percentage of Sales while for Balance sheet figures, entries are expressed as a percentage of Total Assets.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Apple                                                                    Google

= 20,484/321,686 = 6.37 %                               = 12,918/167,497 = 7.71%

Accounts Receivables

Apple                                                                    Google

= 15,754/321,686 = 4.90 %                               = 14,137/167,497 = 8.44%

Inventories

Apple                                                                    Google

= 2,132/321,686 = 0.66 %                               = 268/167,497 = 0.16%

Retained Earnings

Apple                                                                    Google

= 96,364/321,686 = 29.96 %                               = 105,131/167,497 = 62.77%

Cost of Sales

Apple                                                                    Google

= 131,376/215,639 = 60.92 %                               = 35,138/90,272 = 38.92%

                                                       Apple                           Google

Cash and equivalents                    6.37%                              7.71%

Accounts receivable, net               4.90%                             8.44%

Inventories                                       0.66%                             0.16%

Retained Earnings                          29.96%                           62.77%

Cost of Sales                                  60.92%                            38.92%

Revenues                                        100%                                 100%

Total Assets                                    100%                                 100%

b. Dividends are paid from Retained Earnings so Retained earnings as a percent of total assets WILL DECREASE.

Presented below are condensed financial statements adapted from those of two actual companies competing as the primary players in a specialty area of the food manufacturing and distribution industry. ($ in millions, except per share amounts.)
Balance Sheets
Metropolitan Republic
Assets $ 179.3 $ 37.1
Cash
Accounts receivable (net) 422.7 325.0
Short-term investments — 4.7
Inventories 466.4 635.2
Prepaid expenses and other current assets134.6 476.7
Current assets $ 1,203.0 1,478.7
Property, plant, and equipment (net) 2,608.2 2,064.6
Intangibles and other assets 210.3 464.7
Total assets $ 4,021.5 $4,008.0
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Accounts payable $ 467.9 691.2
Short-term notes 227.1 557.4
Accruals and other current liabilities 585.2 538.5
Current liabilities $ 1,280.2 1,787.1
Long-term debt 535.6 542.3
Deferred tax liability 384.6 610.7
Other long-term liabilities 104.0 95.1
Total liabilities $ 2,304.4 3,035.2
Common stock (par and additional paid-in capital)
144.9 335.0
Retained earnings 2,476.9 1,601.9
Less: treasury stock (904.7) (964.1)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $
4,021.5 4,008.0
Income Statements
Net sales 5,698.0 7,768.2
Cost of goods sold (2,909.0) (4,481.7)
Gross profit $ 2,789.0 3,286.5
Operating expenses (1,743.7 ) (2,539.2)
Interest expense (56.8) (46.6)
Income before taxes $ 988.5 700.7
Tax expense (394.7) (276.1)
Net income 593.8 424.6
Net income per share $ 2.40 6.50
Note: Because comparative statements are not provided you should use year-end balances in place of average balances as appropriate.
Required:
Calculate the rate of return on assets for the following companies
Calculate the return on assets for both companies.
Calculate the Rate of return on shareholders’ equity for the following companies
Calculate the equity multiplier for the following companies.
Calculate the acid-test ratio and current ratio for the following companies.
Calculate the receivables and inventory turnover ratios the following companies.
Calculate the times interest earned ratio for the following companies.

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

We refer to balance sheet figures for each company stated above to retrieve figures for our calculations and use the following formulas for calculations:

For return on assets= net imcome/total assets

For rate of return on shareholders equity =net income/equity

For equity multiplier= total assets/ total equity

For acid-test ratio=liquid assets/current liabilities

For current ratio =current assets/current liabilities

For receivables = credit sales /acct receivables and inventory turnover ratios=cost of goods/inventory

For times interest earned ratio=ebit/interest expenses

Chance company had two operating divisions, one manufacturing farm equipment and other office supplies. Both divisions are considered separate components as defined by generally accepted accounting principles. The farm equipment component had been unprofitable, and on Sept. 1, 2016, the company adopted a plan to sell the assets of the division.
The actual sale was completed on Dec. 15, 2016, at the price of $600,000. The book value of the division's assets was $1,000,000, resulting in a before-tax loss of $400,000 on the sale. The division incurred a before-tax operating loss from operations of $130,000 from the beginning of the year through Dec. 15. The income tax rate is 40%. Chances after-tax income from its continuing operations is $350,000.
Required:
Prepare an income statement for 2016 beginning with income from continuing operations. Include appropriate EPS disclosures assuming that 100,000 shares of common stock were outstanding throughout the year.

Answers

Answer:

-21,000

Explanation:

We can calculate the net income by Adding/deducting the gain/loss on the discontinued operations from the gain/loss of the continuing operations.

INCOME STATEMENT

Income from continuing Operations                                   $350,000

Discontinued Operations

Loss from discontinued operations(w)                                -530,000

Income tax benefit                                                                $159,000

(400,000+130,000) x 30%

Net Income                                                                           -21,000

Earning per share                              

Continuing Operations                               $3.5

(350,000/100,000)

Discontinued Operations                         -$5.3

(-530,000/100,000)

Net Income                                                 -$1.8

Working

Sale value of the segment                            $600,000

Book value of the segment                          ($1,000,000)

loss on sale of segment                                -$400,000

Loss from the Operations of the segment   -$130,000

Loss on discontinued operation                    -$530,000

The text presents five signs of organizational culture: mission statement, stories & language, physical layout, rules & policies, and rituals. Select an organization where you have worked or are familiar with and identify an example of each sign of organizational culture. How do you think each of these things conveyed the organizational culture to employees and customers/clients.

Answers

Answer:

Face book

mission statement: give people the power to build community and bring the world closer together.

physical layout: How Face book is constructed.

rules & policies: The employees are required to act honestly, lawfully, ethically and in favor of the company they represent.

rituals: Face book looks for innovation and breaking the status quo, and to do so Face book employees are invited to paint, create and decore their offices and public spaces with own made art.

Explanation:

Organizational culture is what we call the mix of core values and actions that make up an organization, it's mostly and widely used for companies but it also applies to schools, governments, non-profits, and any group of people working together towards a goal.

The mission statement is basically what the organization wants to achieve, or its dreamed goal.

Stories and language are the speech that the organization communicates to the audience or anyone interacting with it.

The physical layouts are the colors and buildings, apps, or any way of direct interaction that any person could have with the organization.

Rules and policies are what dictate the behavior of all the employees and people related to the organization.

And rituals are the activities that the organization does in order to reinforce the values and policies they try to live day by day, doing your own painting is one example of these rituals.

A Corporation has two divisions: the South Division and the West Division. The corporation's net operating income is $26,900. The South Division's divisional segment margin is $42,800 and the West Division's divisional segment margin is $29,900. What is the amount of the common fixed expense not traceable to the individual divisions

Answers

Answer:

$45,800

Explanation:

Common fixed expense not traceable to the individual divisions = South division's divisional segment margin + west division's divisional segment - corporation's net operating income

Common fixed expense not traceable to the individual divisions = $42,800 + $29,900 - $26,900

Common fixed expense not traceable to the individual divisions = $45,800

Presented below is information from Headland Computers Incorporated.
July 1 Sold $22,600 of computers to Robertson Company with terms 3/15, n/60. Headland uses the gross method to record cash discounts. Headland estimates allowances of $1,334 will be honored on these sales.
10 Headland received payment from Robertson for the full amount owed from the July transactions.
17 Sold $256,100 in computers and peripherals to The Clark Store with terms of 2/10, n/30.
30 The Clark Store paid Headland for its purchase of July 17.

Answers

Answer:

July 1

Dr Accounts receivable $22,600

Cr Cash $22,600

Dr Sales returns and allowances $1,334

Cr Allowances for Sales returns and allowances $1,334

July 10

Dr Cash $21,922

Dr Sales Discount $678

Cr Accounts Receivable $22,600

July 17

Dr Accounts receivable $256,100

Cr Sales revenue $256,100

July 30

Dr Cash $256,100

Cr Accounts receivable $256,100

Explanation:

Preparation of Journal entry

July 1

Dr Accounts receivable $22,600

Cr Cash $22,600

Dr Sales returns and allowances $1,334

Cr Allowances for Sales returns and allowances $1,334

July 10

Dr Cash $21,922

(97%×$22,600)

Dr Sales Discount $678

(3%×$22,600)

Cr Accounts Receivable $22,600

($21,922+$678)

July 17

Dr Accounts receivable $256,100

Cr Sales revenue $256,100

July 30

Dr Cash $256,100

Cr Accounts receivable $256,100

Which best describes the role that government and business play in investments?
O They both use taxes to support a country's growth.
They both invest money to earn a profit.
They both receive capital to use for growth.
They both act as angel investors for start-ups.

Answers

Answer:

They both receive capital to use for growth.

Explanation:

The government received the capital in the form of tax that being paid by the citizens. After collecting the tax income, the government allocated it to make a couple of investments such as building the country's infrastructure, providing aid for people to pursue education, and investing in scientific research/development.

Business on the other hand could receive their capital from either reallocating their profit or receiving capital injection from the investors. They use the capital for growth by reinvesting it to increase the scope of their business operation or putting it under investment accounts.

Statement that best describes the role that government and business play in investments is They both receive capital to use for growth

What is an investment?

Investment can be regarded as the input that is been put into some business in order to generate revenue.

however, this also applies to the government because they use the public funds as investment for the betterment of the economy and the public.

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Broca Corporation has a current ratio of 2.5. Which of the following transactions will increase Broca's current ratio? Select one: a. the purchase of inventory for cash. b. the collection of an account receivable. c. the payment of an account payable. d. none of the above.

Answers

Answer:

b. the collection of an account receivable

Explanation:

The formula to compute the current ratio is shown below:

As we know that

Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities

If the current ratio is 2.5 that means the current assets is higher than the current ratio

As per the given options, the option b is correct and hence the same is to be considered

The transaction that will increase Broca's current ratio is d. none of the above.

The current ratio is not increased by the purchase of inventory for cash because this transaction has no effect on the current assets.  The collection of an account receivable is not going to increase the current ratio for the same reason above (no effect on the current assets).

The payment of an account payable reduces the current assets and current liabilities by the same amount and will not affect the current ratio.

Thus, the transaction that will increase the current ratio is d.

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Wilson Products uses standard costing. It allocates manufacturing overhead (both variable and fixed) to products on the basis of standard direct manufacturing labor-hours (DLH). Wilson Products develops its manufacturing overhead rate from the current annual budget. The manufacturing overhead budget for 2014 is based on budgeted output of 672,000 units, requiring 3,360,000 DLH. The company is able to schedule production uniformly throughout the year.

A total of 72,000 output units requiring 321,000 DLH was produced during May 2014. Manufacturing overhead (MOH) costs incurred for May amounted to $ 355,800. The actual costs, compared with the annual budget and 1/12 of the annual budget, are as follows:
Calculate the following amounts for Wilson Products for May 2014:

Total Amount Per Output Unit Per DLH Input Unit Monthly MOH Budget May 2017 Actual MOH Costs for May 2017
Variable MOH
Indirect manufacturing labor $1,008,000 $1.50 $0.30 $84,000 $84,000
Supplies 672,000 1.00 0.2 56,000 117,000
Fixed MOH
Supervision 571,200 0.85 0.17 47,600 41,000
Utilities 369,600 0.55 0.11 30,800 55,000
Depreciation 705,600 1.05 0.21 58,800 88,800
Total $33,26,400 $4.95 $0.99 $277,200 $355,800

Required:
a. Total manufacturing overhead costs allocated.
b. Variable manufacturing overhead spending variance.
c. Fixed manufacturing overhead spending variance.
d. Variable manufacturing overhead efficiency variance.
e. Production-volume variance Be sure to identify each variance as favorable (F) or unfavorable(U).

Answers

Answer:

Please see attached solution

Explanation:

a. Total manufacturing overhead costs allocated $356,400

b. Variable manufacturing overhead spending variance $40,500U

c. Fixed manufacturing overhead spending variance $17,600U

d. Variable manufacturing overhead efficiency variance $19,500F

e. Production volume variance $39,200F

Please find attached detailed solution to the above questions

What will be the nominal rate of return on a perpetual preferred stock with a $100 par value, a stated dividend of 8% of par, and a current market price of (a) $62, (b) $81, (c) $97, and (d) $136

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

The computation of the risk premium is shown below:-

Rate of return = Dividend ÷ Current market price of preferred stock

The dividend should be

= $100 × 8%

= $8

a Rate of return = $8 ÷ $62

= 12.90%

b. Rate of return = $8 ÷ $81

= 9.88%

c. Rate of return = $8 ÷ $97

= 8.25%

d. Rate of return = $8 ÷ $136

= 5.88%

Lemon Corporation generated $324,600 of income from ordinary business operations. It also sold several assets during the year. Compute Lemon’s taxable income under each of the following alternative assumptions about the tax consequences of the asset sales.

a. Lemon recognized a $5,500 capital gain and a $7,400 net Section 1231 loss.
b. Lemon recognized a $6,500 capital loss and a $4,700 net Section 1231 gain.
c. Lemon recognized a $2,500 capital gain, a $3,900 capital loss, and a $3,000 net Section 1231 gain.
d.Lemon recognized $4,000 of depreciation recapture, a $2,000 Section 1231 gain, and a $4,200 Section 1231 loss.

Answers

Answer:

a. Lemon’s taxable income = $322,700

b. Lemon’s taxable income = $324,600

c. Lemon’s taxable income = $326,200

d. Lemon’s taxable income = $326,400

Explanation:

Before the questions are answered, the provisions of section 1231 of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rules are quoted as follows:

- If you have a net section 1231 loss, it is an ordinary loss.

- If you have a net section 1231 gain, it is ordinary income up to the amount of your unrecaptured section 1231 losses from previous years. The rest, if any, is a long-term capital gain.

Therefore, net section 1231 loss which is an ordinary loss is deducted from ordinary business operations to obtain taxable income.

Also, we describe the following:

Taxable income can be described as the amount of income that is employed to calculated the amount of tax that is payable to the government by an individual or a company in a particular tax year. It is obtained after making all required additions and allowable deductions.

Capital gain can be described as an increase in the value of a capital asset which is realized when the asset is sold. For tax purposes, capital gain is added to the income from ordinary business operations to obtain taxable income.

Capital loss can be described as a decrease in the value of a capital asset which is recognised when the asset is sold. For tax purposes, capital loss is deducted from the income from ordinary business operations to obtain taxable income.

We therefore proceed as follows:

a. Lemon recognized a $5,500 capital gain and a $7,400 net Section 1231 loss.

From the question, we have the following:

Income from ordinary business operations = $324,600

Capital gain recognised = $5,500

Net Section 1231 loss recognised = $7,400

Based on the explanation provided above, Lemon’s taxable income under this scenario is therefore calculated as follows:

Lemon’s taxable income = Income from ordinary business operations + Capital gain recognised - Net Section 1231 loss recognised = $324,600 + $5,500 - $7,400 = $322,700

b. Lemon recognized a $6,500 capital loss and a $4,700 net Section 1231 gain.

From the question, there is nothing related past five years stated and it is therefore assumed that there is no net section 1231 loss in the past five years.

As result, the total of $4,700 net Section 1231 gain is regarded as a capital gain and it is set-off against the $6,500 capital loss as follows to obtain the non-deductible expense as follows:

Non-deductible expense = $6,500 - $4,700 = $1,800

Since there is nothing deductible again, Lemon’s taxable income under this scenario is therefore equal to the income from ordinary business operations of $324,600. That is,

Lemon’s taxable income = $324,600

c. Lemon recognized a $2,500 capital gain, a $3,900 capital loss, and a $3,000 net Section 1231 gain.

Since no net section 1231 loss in the past five years is indicated here, the $3,000 net Section 1231 gain will be treated as a long-term capital gain.

Based on the provisions of section 1231 of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rules quoted above, non-deductible expense is calculated by deducting the $3,900 capital loss to the extent of the $2,500 capital gain as follows:

Non-deductible expense = $3,900 - $2,500 = $1,400

Since the $3,000 net Section 1231 gain has to be treated as a long-term capital gain, the $1,400 will be deducted from it obtain the net capital gain as follows:

Net capital gain = $3000 - $1400 = $1600

Lemon’s taxable income under this scenario is therefore calculated by adding the $1,600 net capital gain to the $324,600 income from ordinary business operations as follows:

Lemon’s taxable income = $324,600 + $1600 = $326,200

d. Lemon recognized $4,000 of depreciation recapture, a $2,000 Section 1231 gain, and a $4,200 Section 1231 loss.

We have the following:

Section 1231 loss = $4,200

Section 1231 gain = $2,000

Therefore, we have:

Net section 1231 loss = Section 1231 loss - Section 1231 gain = $4,200 - 2,000 = $2,200

This net section 1231 loss of $2,200 is therefore treated as ordinary loss as already stated in the provisions of section 1231 of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rules quoted above and deducted from the $324,600 income from ordinary business operations.

In addition, the depreciation recapture of $4,000 will be treated as ordinary income and it will be added to the $324,600 income from ordinary business operations.

Lemon’s taxable income under this scenario is therefore calculated as follows:

Lemon’s taxable income = Income from ordinary business operations + Depreciation recapture - Net section 1231 loss = $324,600 + $4,000 - $2,200 = $326,400

Adelberg Corporation makes two products: Product A and Product B. Annual production and sales are 1,500 units of Product A and 1,500 units of Product B. The company has traditionally used direct labor-hours as the basis for applying all manufacturing overhead to products. Product A requires 0.4 direct labor-hours per unit and Product B requires 0.2 direct labor-hours per unit. The total estimated overhead for next period is $87,630. The company is considering switching to an activity-based costing system for the purpose of computing unit product costs for external reports. The new activity-based costing system would have three overhead activity cost pools--Activity 1, Activity 2, and General Factory--with estimated overhead costs and expected activity as follows:
Expected Activity
Activity Cost Pool Estimated Overhead Costs Product A Product B Total
Activity 1 $ 41,400 1,000 500 1,500
Activity 2 15,720 800 400 1,200
General Factory 30,510 600 300 900
Total $ 87,630
(Note: The General Factory activity cost pool's costs are allocated on the basis of direct labor-hours.)
The overhead cost per unit of Product B under the activity-based costing system is closest to:_________
a. $42.90
b. $9.10
c. $21.30
d. $63.92

Answers

Answer:

Results are below.

Explanation:

First, we need to calculate the predetermined overhead rate for each activity:

Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base

Activity 1= 41,400/1,500= $27.6 per unit of activity

Activity 2= 15,720/1,200= $13.1 per unit of activity

General Factory= 30,510/900= $33.9 per direct labor hour

Now, we can allocate overhead to product B:

Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base

Activity 1= 27.6*500= $13,800

Activity 2= 13.1*400= $5,240

General Factory= 33.9*300= $10,170

Total allocated overhead= $29,210

Unitary allocated overhead= 29,210/1,500= $19.47

Cash flows from operations may not be sufficient for a firm to keep up with growth-related financing needs, or the firm may not be able to always generate enough cash flow to maintain a surplus of cash. Firms prefer to borrow now to fulfill their capital requirements through means of short-term financing or long-term financing. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages.

The following statement identifies a possible characteristic of short-term financing.

Consider this case:
Short-term loans usually have a lower cost than long-term loans. Identify whether the preceding statement is true or false.

a. This statement is false and a disadvantage of short-term financing.
b. This statement is true and an advantage of short-term financing.

Firms use a variety of short-term financing sources to support working capital. Use the descriptions in the following table to identify the short-term financing source.

Description Short-Term Financing Source
A formal, committed line of credit extended by a bank or other lending institution.
An obligation backed by collateral, often inventories or accounts receivable.

Answers

Answer:

1. Consider this case:

Short-term loans usually have a lower cost than long-term loans. Identify whether the preceding statement is true or false.

a. This statement is false and a disadvantage of short-term financing.

2. Identify the short-term financing source:

An obligation backed by collateral, often inventories or accounts receivable.

Explanation:

Some organizations regularly require short-term financing to ease uneven cash flows.  It is also called working capital financing.  Its duration is less than 12 months, unlike long-term financing that can last more than two years.  Most of this financing is arranged with banks in the form of bank overdraft.

The following inventory valuation errors have been discovered for Knox Corporation:
The 2015 year-end inventory was overstated by $23,000
The 2016 year-end inventory was understated by $61,000
The 2017 year-end inventory was understated by $17,000
The reported income before taxes for Knox was:
Year: Income before Taxes:
2015 $138,000
2016 $254,000
2017 $168,000
Required:
Compute what income before taxes for 2015, 2016, and 2017 should have been after correcting for the errors.

Answers

Answer:

Income +/- inventory adjustment

2015:   138,000 - 23,000 = 115,000

2016:  254,000 + 61,000 = 315,000

2017:   168,000 + 17,000 = 185,000

Explanation:

Inventory Identity:

Beginning + Purchases = Ending + COGS

As the mistake is on the right side it compensates by the other component which is COGS

When the inventory is overstated this means COGS is understated.

We didn't record the cost of good sold thefore our gross profit is higher making the net income higher.

When the inventory is understated this means COGS is overstated.

We record more cost of goods sold thefore our gross profit is lower making the net income fewer as well.

Blago Wholesale Company began operations on January 1, 2017, and uses the average cost method in costing its inventory. Management is contemplating a change to the FIFO method in 2018 and is interested in determining how such a change will affect net income. Accordingly, the following information has been developed:

2017 2018
Final inventory:
Average cost $150,000 $255,000
FIFO 160,000 270,000

Condensed income statements for Blago Wholesale appear below:

2017 2018
Sales $1,000,000 $1,200,000
Cost of goods sold 600,000 720,000
Gross profit 400,000 480,000
Selling, general, and administrative 250,000 275,000
Net income $150,000 $205,000

Required:
Based on this information, what would 2018 net income be after the change to the FIFO method?

Answers

Answer:

Blago Wholesale Company

New Net income for 2018 =         $220,000

Explanation:

Data and Calculations:

Final inventory:    2017           2018

Average cost   $150,000   $255,000

FIFO                   160,000      270,000

Difference         $10,000       $15,000

                                      2017              2018

Sales                      $1,000,000    $1,200,000

Cost of goods sold    600,000        720,000

Gross profit                400,000        480,000

Selling, general, and

 administrative          250,000       275,000

Net income               $150,000    $205,000

2018 Net Income after the change to the FIFO method:

Cost of goods sold  (weighted average)   720,000

less adjustment for change of method        15,000

Adjusted cost of goods sold                      705,000

Income Statement after the change

Sales                      $1,200,000

Cost of goods sold    705,000

Gross profit                495,000

Selling, general, and

 administrative          275,000

Net income             $220,000

The number of people or subordinates that a manager effectively controls and directs is called the manager's span of:

Answers

Answer: Span of Control

Explanation:

A Manager's span of control refers to all the subordinates that report to that manager. The manager therefore effectively controls and directs them and as such is answerable for them.

Spans of Control are different depending on the type of company it is. A manager with a lot of people in their span of control is said to have a Wide span of control and the reverse is a Narrow Span of control.

A very important part of management is determining the largest number of subordinates that can be in a span of control without overwhelming the manager.

The December 31, 2018, adjusted trial balance for Fightin' Blue Hens Corporation is presented below.
Accounts Debit Credit
Cash $12,000
Accounts Receivable 150,000
Prepaid Rent 6,000
Supplies 30,000
Equipment 400,000
Accumulated Depreciation $135,000
Accounts Payable 12,000
Salaries Payable 11,000
Interest Payable 5,000
Notes Payable (due in two years) 40,000
Common Stock 300,000
Retained Earnings 60,000
Service Revenue 500,000
Salaries Expense 400,000
Rent Expense 20,000
Depreciation Expense 40,000
Interest Expense 5,000
Totals $1,063,000 $1,063,000
Accounts Debit Credit
Service Revenue 500,000
Salaries Expense 400,000
Rent Expense 20,000
Depreciation Expense 40,000
Interest Expense 5,000
Total $1,063,000 $1,063,000
Required:
1. Prepare an income statement for the year ended December 31, 2021.
2. Prepare a statement of stockholders' equity for the year ended December 31, 2021, assuming no common stock was issued during 2021.
3. Prepare a classified balance sheet as of December 31, 2021.

Answers

Answer:

Please see answers below

Explanation:

1. Prepare an income statement for the year ended, December 31, 2021

Fightin' Blue Hems Corporation, Income statement for the year ended, December 31, 2021.

Details

$

Service revenue

500,000

Salaries expense

400,000)

Rent expense

20,000)

Depreciation expense

40,000)

Interest expense

5,000)

Earnings for the year

35,000

2. Prepare a statement of stockholder's equity for the year ended, 31, December, 2021

Fightin' Blue Hens Corporation statement of stockholder equity for the year ended , December 31, 2021.

Details

$

Common stock

300,000

Retained earnings

60,000

Earnings for the year

35,000

Stockholder equity

395,000

3. Prepare a classified balance sheet as at 31, December

Fightin' Blue Hens Corporation, classified balance sheet for the hear ends, December 31, 2021.

Details

$

Fixed assets

Equipment

400,000

Accumulated depreciation

135,000

Net fixed assets

265,000

Current assets

Cash

12,000

Accounts receivables

150,000

Prepaid rent

6,000

Supplies

30,000

Total current assets

198,000

Current liabilities

Accounts payable

($12,000)

Salaries payable

(11,000)

Interest payable

(5,000)

Working capital

170,000

Long term liabilities

Notes payable (due in two years)

(40,000)

Net total assets

395,000

Financed by;

Common stock

300,000

Retained earnings

60,000

Earnings for the year

35,000

Stockholder equity

395,000

BMW’s vehicle-assembly facility in South Carolina represents a direct investment inside the United States by the German manufacturer. This facility is an example of:

Answers

Answer:

Foreign direct investment.

Explanation:

BMW’s vehicle-assembly facility in South Carolina represents a direct investment inside the United States by the German manufacturer. This facility is an example of foreign direct investment.

A foreign direct investment (FDI) can be defined as an investment made by an individual or business entity (investor) into an investment market (industry) located in another country. The investor here, shares a different country of origin from the country where his investment is located.

In a foreign direct investment (FDI), an investor must establish his business, factory and operations in a foreign country or acquire assets in a business that is being operated in a foreign country.

Additionally, foreign direct investment (FDI) are categorized into three (3) main types and these are;

1. Vertical FDI: it involves establishing a different business that is however similar to the main business owned by the investor.

2. Horizontal FDI: it involves establishing the same type of business in a foreign country as owned in the investor's country.

3. Conglomerate FDI: it involves establishing a business that is completely different in another (foreign) country.

QUESTION 2 / 10
Which of the following is the BEST reason to use cash for making purchases?
A. Keeping track of how much you have spent is simple.
B. Splitting bills with friends is easier.
C. Getting more cash from an ATM machine is easy to do.
D. Knowing what you have spent your money on is
simple.

Answers

A. Would be the best answer

The best reason to use cash for making purchases is keeping track of how much you have spent is simple. Thus, option A is correct.

What is purchases?

Purchasing is the process through which a company or organization acquires products or services in order to achieve its objectives. Although numerous organizations seek to establish standards in the purchasing process, practices can vary widely amongst firms.

Cash makes budgeting and sticking to it simpler. When you pay with cash that you've planned for purchases, it's easy to keep track of where your money is going. It's also eye-opening and keeps you grounded in terms of how much money is going out vs coming in from week to week or month to month.

The main incentive to utilize cash for purchases is that it is simple to keep account of the amount you have spent. As a result, option A is correct.

Learn more about purchases here:

https://brainly.com/question/24112214

#SPJ2

So you want to finance a car for $4,840. Let’s say we offer you a 4.5% interest rate on a 2-year loan and 6% on a 5-year loan. Enter this info into the calculator to see your monthly and total cost by loan term.
Financing Amount
$4840
Correct
Interest Rate on 2-Year Loan
Interest Rate on 5-Year Loan

Answers

Answer:

Interest Rate on 2-Year Loan...$435.6

Interest Rate on 5-Year Loan...$1,452

Explanation:

The formula for calculating simple interest is as follows.

I = P x R x T,

where I = interest

P= Principal

R= interest rate

T= time

For the loan at 4.5 percent for 2 years, the interest will be

=  $4,840 x 4.5/100 x 2

= $4,840 x 0.045 x 2

= $435.6

Total cost of the loan will principal plus interest

=$435.6 + $4,840

=$5,275.6

Monthly loan cost

= $5,275.6/24

=$219.81

Total loan cost..$5,275.6

Monthly loan cost ...$219.81

For the Loan at 6 percent for 5 years, the interest will be

= $4,840 x 6/100 x 5

= $4,840 x 0.06 x 5

=$1,452

Total cost of the loan will be principal plus interest

=$ 4,840 + $1,452

=$6,292

Monthly costs will be

=$6,292/60

=$104.87

Total loan cost... $6,292

Monthly loan  costs... $104.87

Alice and Bob entered into a forward contract some time ago. Alice has the long position, while Bob has the short position. The forward contract will mature in three months and has a delivery price of $40. The current forward price for the contract is $42. The three-month risk-free interest rate (with continuous compounding) is 8%. What is the value Bob's position?

Answers

Answer:

$ - 1.96

Explanation:

After three months, Alice (long the contract) can buy the underlying by paying the delivery price of $40 which is $2 less than $42 the long position would have to pay if the contract was entered today.

DATA

Delivery price = $40

The three-month risk-free interest rate (with continuous compounding) =8%.

The current forward price = $42

Solution

So based on the present situation, Alice would be in $2 profit at the end of 3 months and Bob would be in $2 loss

Present value of Bob's loss (with continuous compounding) = 2\times e^{-0.08\times 0.25}

Present value of Bob's loss (with continuous compounding) = $1.96

The value of Bob's position is $ - 1.96

The revenues budget identifies: a. expected cash flows for each product b. actual sales from last year for each product c. the expected level of sales for the company d. the variance of sales from actual for each product

Answers

Answer:

c. the expected level of sales for the company

Explanation:

Revenue/Sales Budget is the first budget to be prepared by most companies because most businesses are sales led.

This Budget shows, the expected level of sales for the company.

In 2009, an 1893 Morgan silver dollar sold for $6,450. Required: What was the rate of return on this investment? (Do not include the percent sign (%). Enter rounded answer as directed, but do not use the rounded numbers in intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)

Answers

Answer:  7.86%

Explanation:

Using the Future Value formula;

= Amount * ( 1 + r)^n

The question is looking for the rate so making that the subject would be;

Assuming the car was $1 in 1893,

And n = 2009 - 1893 = 116 years

FV = Amount * ( 1 + r)^n

( 1 + r)^n = FV/  Amount

1 ^n + r^n = FV / Amount

r = n√((FV/ Amount) / 1^n)

r =  n√(FV/ Amount)

r =  116√(6,450/ 1)

= 1.07855

Subtract 1 for the percentage;

= 1.07855 - 1

= 7.86%

Question 5 of 10
Why do business often add fees to their invoices?
O A. To help pay for business expenses
B. To attract new customers
C. To reward customers' for their loyalty
D. To make more profit than their competitors

Answers

Answer: I think it's A

Explanation:

Answer:

Its A!

Explanation:

Just took the quiz

In 1998, the Russian government defaulted on its bonds. According to the open-economy macroeconomic model, this should have

Answers

Answer:

An increase in the net export and Russian interest rate.

Explanation: An open economy is an economy where all players which includes traders, investors and other stakeholders in the economy both within and outside the economy freely conduct their businesses and are controlled by market forces with minimal interference by Government agencies.

According to the open-economy macroeconomic model with the defaulting by the Russian government in 1998 will definitely lead to an increase in net export and an increase in Russian Interest rate.

The given statements pertain to aggregate supply and aggregate demand. Label each statement as being either true or false.
Statement 1: An increase in the cost of energy affects both aggregate supply and aggregate demand.
A. True
B. False
Statement 2: One of the factors that increase aggregate demand is the consumption of more imports.
A. True
B. False
Statement 3: If the value of people's stock portfolios increases or if peoples houses appreciate in value, then this very easily could lead to an increase in aggregated demand.
A. True
B. False

Answers

Answer:

Statement 1: An increase in the cost of energy affects both aggregate supply and aggregate demand.

A. True

An increase in energy costs reduces both aggregate supply and demand.

Statement 2: One of the factors that increase aggregate demand is the consumption of more imports.

B. False

If net exports decrease (exports - imports), then the aggregate demand curve will shift to the left, which means it will decrease.

Statement 3: If the value of people's stock portfolios increases or if peoples houses appreciate in value, then this very easily could lead to an increase in aggregated demand.

A. True

This would lead to an increase in the net worth of households, which generally leads to higher spending.

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Required: You are to maintain records and produce measures of inventories to reflect the July events of this company. The June 30 balances: Raw Materials Inventory, $22,000; Work in Process Inventory, $9,690 ($2,810 of direct materials and $6,880 of conversion); Finished Goods Inventory, $140,000; Sales, $0; Cost of Goods Sold, $0; Factory Payroll Payable, $0; and Factory Overhead, $0. 1. Prepare journal entries to record the following July transactions and events. Purchased raw materials for $130,000 cash (the company uses a perpetual inventory system). Used raw materials as follows: direct materials, $52,540; and indirect materials, $11,500. Recorded factory payroll payable costs as follows: direct labor, $206,000; and indirect labor, $26,500. Paid factory payroll cost of $232,500 with cash (ignore taxes). Incurred additional factory overhead costs of $83,000 paid in cash. Allocated factory overhead to production at 50% of direct labor costs. 2. 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