Individual amoebae of the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum aggregate to form a spore-producing fruiting body. Cheaters make spores, but do not contribute to the stalk. Since many more spores with cheating genotypes are dispersed, they have higher fitness. Why does directional selection not lead to fixation of the cheater genotype

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

It is an example of frequency-dependent selection. Due to several cheaters in the population, the fruiting body's stalk is not made properly. So, all individuals have lesser fitness.

Explanation:

Natural selection:  

The population contains both superior as well as an inferior organism where natural resources are limiting so it will cause competition between organisms. As a result of competition, it will select superiors, and inferiors are deleted and they are given reproductive advantages. Due to this reproductive advantage new population emerges. It is more suitable for the environment.  

Natural selection divides into three parts that are directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection.

The given question is the example of frequency-dependent selection. Due to several cheaters in the population, the fruiting body's stalk is not made properly. So, all individuals have lesser fitness. Directional selection will not lead to fixation of cheater genotype. This is because cheating can be controlled through high relatedness in social groups, resulting from kin discrimination.  

It is controlled through positive pleiotropy, where the cooperation gene has an additional vital function. Cheating will be controlled if stalk vs. spore is a result of environmental, not genetic factors. An example, spore fate can be a result of the position in the mitotic cell cycle.


Related Questions

3. Nombra las reacciones que ocurren en el paso de
Alfacetoglutarato a succinato

Answers

Answer:

Hidrólisis y oxidación.

Explicación:

La hidrólisis y la oxidación son las reacciones que ocurren en el paso del alfacetoglutarato a succinato. En el quinto paso hay una hidrólisis del grupo tioéster de CoA en la que los átomos de los compuestos se rompen y luego sustituyen sus elementos miembros. Esta reacción de hidrólisis libera energía y se hace un ATP a partir de ADP. En el paso 6, succinato a fumarato es una oxidación para poner en el doble enlace significa que FAD se reduce a FADH2. Entonces podemos decir que la hidrólisis y la oxidación son las reacciones que ocurren en el paso de Alfacetoglutarato a succinato.

Is Energy unlimited?

Answers

Depends on the type of energy. If it is biological energy the answer would be yes since it comes from the sun

The use of non-local resources is associated with certain economic and environmental consequences.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
ОТ
OF
Next
Submit
Save and Exit
Mark this and return

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - T.

Explanation:

The given statement is a true statement. Non-local resources are those resources that are not present or found in a particular region and have to bring in these regions.

Bringing these resources affects some environmental and economical risks. Importing such resources affect local business and local producers as they get very less profit. These resources could harm the local environment as well.

The process of changing over time that occurs in a new ecosystem that starts with bare rock (like a new island formed in the sea)

A) Ecological Community gentrification
B) Ecology building
C) Ecological succession
D) Biosphere building

Answers

I believe the answer is C

What two species work together and against each other?

Answers

Symbiosis: Mutualism, Commensalism and Parasitism. Symbiosis is an interaction characterized by two or more species living purposefully in direct contact with each other. The term "symbiosis" includes a broad range of species interactions but typically refers to three major types: mutualism, commensalism and parasitism ...
Mutualism, i remember this because it reminds me of the word mutual

Environmental factors can also lead to genetic variation by?
Will give Brainlyiest please hurry

Answers

Answer:

Genetic variation among plant populations often occurs along different climatic gradients, such as temperature and precipitation gradients.

Environmental factors are often responsible for the patterns of genetic structure observed at small spatial scales (Sacks, Brown, & Ernest, 2004).

•. Archaeppteryx is called the connecting link between which classes?
a) Amphibia and Aves
b) Amphibia and Reptilia
c) Reptilia and Aves
d) Aves and Mammalia • .​

Answers

Archaeppteryx is called the connecting link between which classes?

[tex]\sf\purple{c) \:Reptilia \:and\: Aves.}[/tex] ✔

[tex]\large\mathfrak{{\pmb{\underline{\orange{Happy\:learning }}{\orange{!}}}}}[/tex]

Broad spectrum antibiotics target only specific subsets of bacteria.
true
false

Answers

Answer:

I believe its true. But I am not entiretly sure.

Define human trafficking​

Answers

Answer:

Is the trade of humans for the purpose of forced labour

The Food and Drug Administration has legal oversight over most food products and permits some health claims on food labels. The claims that are allowed at this time describe links between a few dietary practices and health outcomes. Drag the dietary practice to its appropriate FDA-permissible health claim.
Fatty acids from ols present in fish Diet adequate in synthetic form of folate Diot rich in fiber Diot low in sodium and high in potassium Reduced risk of neural tube Reduced risk of hypertension Reduced risk of defects and stroko cardiovascular disease Roduced risk of some types of cancer

Answers

Answer:

Reduced risk of neural tube defects- diet adequate in synthetic form of folate Reduced risk of hypertension and stroke- diet low in sodium and high in potassium Reduced risk of cardiovascular disease- fatty acids from oils present in fish Reduced risk of some types of cancer- diet rich in fiber

Explanation:

As you may already know, the adequate intake of certain nutrients is very beneficial to our body and to improve and maintain our health. That's because these nutrients act in the construction of essential molecules to keep our body functioning in a healthy and adequate way. Among the numerous nutrients necessary for our health, we can mention that the adequate intake of folate has the ability to reduce the creation of possible defects in the neural tube, while a diet rich in potassium can reduce the risks of hypertension, especially if accompanied by a low sodium diet. Following this same reasoning, a diet rich in fiber can reduce the risk of cancer, in addition to promoting good bowel function. Last but not least, a diet rich in fatty acids from fish can reduce cardiovascular disease.

PLEASE HELP
how neurotransmitters carry nerve impulses across the synaptic cleft

Answers

how neurotransmitters carry nerve impulses across the synaptic cleft?

Neurotransmitters move between the axon and the dendrite of the following neuron through the synapse. Neurotransmitters bind to the dendrite's membrane. The nerve impulse can go through the receiving neuron because of the binding.

_____________

Hope it helps...

Have a great day!!

Where in the cell does the process of translation take place

Answers

Answer:

ribosomes

Explanation:

Why do we not fine too many meteorites on the surface of the earth

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The reason why we do not find any meteorites on the surface of the earth is because the meteorites burn up in the atmosphere of the earth before the come down so we can find them in the ocean or in space.

Answer and Explanation:

Many of the meteors burn up in the atmosphere before they can even turn into meteorites.

#teamtrees #PAW (Plant And Water)

Which cell process is best modeled by the diagram? Cell Process outside of cell membrane inside of cell

passive transport

facilitated diffusion

osmosis

exocytosis

Answers

The cell membrane acts as a barrier and protects the cell from foreign substances. It regulates the entry and exit of proteins and compounds by regulating transport.

The correct option is:

Option D. Exocytosis

The cell process can be explained as:

When a solute travels from high to low electrochemical potential is called passive transport.

When a solute moves passively with the help of membrane proteins across the membrane then they are called facilitated diffusion.

When a solvent moves from a region of high to low water concentration is called osmosis.

When secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and release the content into extracellular cavities is called exocytosis.

Therefore, the process is of exocytosis.

To learn more about exocytosis follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/5302154

Answer:

Exocytosis

Explanation:

Took the quiz and got this correct.

why are the chances for a husband and wife having either a boy or girl 50:50?​

Answers

It’s not 50:50 the chances of having a boy are slightly higher

According to the core-satellite hypothesis, Group of answer choices most species are common satellite species are found in many sites surrounding core sites core species are found at few sites abundance and occurrence are linearly related

Answers

Answer:

abundance and occurrence are linearly related

Explanation:

The core-satellite hypothesis states that several species will be widespread and several species will be scarce. This is based on the assumption or prediction that species habitation is distributed bimodally.

Hence, according to the core-satellite hypothesis, it is believed that "abundance and occurrence are linearly related."

As there is an increase in the level or number of species, the chance of occurrence or seeing their species increases.

14. Which graph illustrates the expected change in the finch population if the environment
changes to favor small beaks?

Answers

Answer:

I think that it would be C because it shows how they started acepting and everything like that

Explanation:

The graph that shows the expected change in the finch population if the environment changes to favor small beaks is shown by graph C.

What is adaptation?

The term adaptation has to do with the fact that there are changes in an organism in order to fit into its habitat whenever changes occur in the habitat.

As such, the graph that shows the expected change in the finch population if the environment changes to favor small beaks is shown by graph C. The middle point shows the point of adaptation between the two types of beaks.

Lean more about adaptation:https://brainly.com/question/12534888

#SPJ2

sinh sản ancistrustemminckii

Answers

ANSWER :

Ancistrus is a genus of nocturnal freshwater fish in the family Loricariidae of order Siluriformes, ... Historically, commonly available species of Ancistrus were Ancistrus cirrhosus and Ancistrus temminckii; other species are now available, though .

Explanation:

Hope it helps

A scientist is trying to determine whether a newly observed phenomenon can be described as a wave. Which of the following questions would the scientist want to ask about the phenomenon?

A.
Can you see it?
B.
Does it transfer energy?
C.
Is it solid?
D.
How quickly does it travel?

Answers

Answer:

A. Can you see it?

expliaca cómo influye la polaridad de las moléculas del agua en las siguientes propiedades

Answers

The answer is 20 because in the passage the autor said .

In the 1970s, the U.S. government passed laws to protect the water supply.
Which of the following best describes something these laws were intended to
do?
A. Regulate the amount of pollution industries and cities are allowed
to produce
B. Regulate the amount of water U.S. households are allowed to use
each year
C. Regulate the amount of pollution U.S. households are allowed to
produce
D. Regulate the amount of water that can be pumped from aquifers
for irrigation

Answers

D. Regulate the amount of water that can be pumped

The special molecule which is able to store and recover information about genetic traits is

Answers

The correct answer is DNA

Explain how an environment would rebound after a volcanic eruption (include the type of succession and pioneer species)

Answers

Answer: primary succession pioneer species would include Lichens, fungi, bacteria, fireweed, grasses,and  alder.


5. Which statement best describes the molecular structure of protein, along with one of the
functions of proteins?
a. It is a straight chain hydrocarbon that can help fight disease
b. It is a complex, folded chain that helps regulate cell processes
C. It is a simple carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecule that creates movement
d. It is a chain of nucleotides and forms muscle, bone, and ligaments

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Proteins have 4 levels of folds, and help regulate cell processes.

It’s biology someone help me please it’s 4:04 am rn and am literally crying

Answers

Answer:

OBSERVATION2 POND

SO ANSWER IS ecosystem

Explanation:

Which statement about ecosystems is true

Answers

The correct answer is D. Ecosystems are always smaller than a biome.

Explanation

A biome is a set of abiotic factors that form a territory in which different organisms inhabit. In addition, biomes encompass a set of ecosystems such as tundra, rainforest, savannas, wetlands, among others. On the other hand, an ecosystem is a community of organisms that interact with other organisms and abiotic factors. According to the above, the correct answer is D. Ecosystems are always smaller than a biome becaause biomes includes ecosystems with similar features.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but energy can change *

A) its total mass
B) its total volume
C) from one form to another
D) from one state of matter to another

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Energy can change from one form to another.

C from one form to another

Which statement best describes the atoms of the gas neon

Answers

Answer:

they move freely in all directions

Explanation:

this is the reason im right.

What are questions that biologists might ask about the living things they study

Answers

Answer:

1) The origin of life. 2) The mechanisms of evolution. 3) The control of the size, both of the organs and of the living beings.

Explanation:

Some examples,

Are gender traits completely a result of societal expectations?

Are there any parts of the human body that get oxygen directly from the air and not from the blood?

Are there nuclear reactions going on in our bodies?

Can humans ever directly see a photon?

The ocean layer of rapid temperature change with depth is known as the _____. thermocline mixed zone deep zone trophic level

Answers

Answer:

Thermocline

Explanation:

Other Questions
A bouncy ball is dropped such that the height of its first bounce is 2.75 feet and eachsuccessive bounce is 69% of the previous bounce's height. Write a recursive formulato represent the height of the nth bounce of the ball. 8x+20y=-120 as slope If a > b, what can you say about the locations of a and b on the number line? Wingate Company, a wholesale distributor of electronic equipment, has been experiencing losses for some time, as shown by its most recent monthly contribution format income statement: Sales $1,638,000 Variable expenses 679,180 Contribution margin 958,820 Fixed expenses 1,055,000 Net operating income (loss) $(96,180) In an effort to resolve the problem, the company would like to prepare an income statement segmented by division. Accordingly, the Accounting Department has developed the following information: Division East Central West Sales $408,000 $650,000 $580,000 Variable expenses as a percentage of sales 51% 35% 42% Traceable fixed expenses $280,000 $333,000 $204,000 Required: 1. Prepare a contribution format income statement segmented by divisions. 2. The Marketing Department has proposed increasing the West Division's monthly advertising by $25,000 based on the belief that it would increase that division's sales by 16%. Assuming these estimates are accurate, how much would the company's net operating income increase (decrease) if the proposal is implemented Me need help on this write the ratio as a fraction in simplest form, with whole numbers in the numerator and denominator. 24 g to 56 g (picture) You have been given a research project on the Cold War. Which library resource would NOT help you research your topic?Group of answer choicesReference booksNonfiction booksFiction booksNonfiction videos It takes an apprentice four times as long as the experienced plumber to replace the pipes under an old house. If it takes them 9 hours when they work together, how long would it take the apprentice alone? Find the indicated measure HELP! Connor is painting a superhero with this belt buckle shown. What is the area of the belt buckle in square Inches? 9 inches 2.5 inches A 4 inches 15 inches 5 inches 2.5 mches 25 nches The area in square inches is: Select the phrase that is most likely being described.Es una excelente manera para conocer a personas que viven en otros pases y tienen tus mismos intereses.A. un correo electrnicoB. un sitio C. una comunidad virtualD. una clase de cocina The distribution of income tax refunds follow an approximate normal distribution with a mean of $7010 and a standard deviation of $43. All of the income tax returns claiming the largest 0.15 % of refunds will be audited. Use the Empirical Rule to determine approximately above what dollar value must a refund be before it is audited. Two similarcylinders havetotal Surface areas of45cm and 20cm. If thelarger has a mass of81g. Find the mass of the Smaller one What is the gain in gravitational potential energy of a body of weight 2000N as it rises from a height of 20m to a height of 25 m above the Earth's surface Ribbon and molecular surface renderings of just the enzyme in 4SKN (with and without the DNA substrate) indicate that ________ is bound in a deep active site, while a ________ loop stretches across the top of the active site and interacts with the DNA substrate. 3. In a neutral solution, the [H+] iszeroO 10-14MO equal to [OH-]O1 x 107M Simplify. Remove all perfect squares from inside the square root. [tex] \sqrt{30b { }^{5} } [/tex] Match each with the correct answer.1. Practice 4.2Match the CPU part to its definition.1. ________ arithmetic logic unit. (ALU)2. ________ bus unit.3. ________ cache.4. ________ control unit.5. ________ decode unit.6. ________ regular unit.-optionsA. Decodes instructions and data and transmits the data to other areas in an understandable format.B. Contains many separate, smaller storage units.C. Connects all the other major components together, accepts data, and sends data through the input and output bus sections. D. Control of the overall operations of the CPU.E. Performs mathematical functions on data stored in the register area.F. Small temporary memory area that separates and stores income data and instructions. What is an equation of the line that passes through the point (2;8) and has a slope of 3?A.y= 3x-2B.y= 3x-22C.y= 3x+ 2D.y= 3x+ 22 Preocupada com o aumento da tarifa na conta de luz, uma pessoa resolve economizar diminuindo o tempo de banho de 20 para 15 minutos. Seu chuveiro possui as seguintes especificaes: 4200 W e 220V. Sabendo que o kWh custa R$0,30, a economia feita em 10 dias foi de aproximadamente