According to Wegner's theory the mountain ranges formed by continents colliding.
Wegner propounded the continental theory as per which continents are moving away from each other. The factors which Wegner stated as reason for this drifting was
Centrifugal force, which is caused by the rotation of the earth and move the continents apart from each other.Tidal effect, which is caused by the gravitational force of both Sun and Moon on the earth.As per Wegner once all continents are together and known as "Pangea"
and surrounded by the single water body called "Panthalassa".
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a glacier confined within a valley that originally was formed by stream action is called a(n) .
Answer: valley glacier
Explanation: They grow in size as tributary cirque glaciers from higher elevations descend into valleys.
A glacier confined within a valley that originally was formed by stream action is called a valley glacier.
Valley, the elongated cavity of the Earth's surface. Valleys are most commonly exhausted by waterways and can happen in a comparatively flat plain or between ranges of highlands or peaks. Those canyons presented by fundamental action are named break canyons. Very narrow, the deep canyons of akin appearance are named gorges.
Valley glaciers assign a time cirques in front or advance of extreme mountain plains and flow earthward even though a stream of water understands an existent channel. In general, they are rather narrow concerning distance. Valley glaciers divide U-formed valleys, as opposed to the V-shaped gorge incised by waterways. During periods when Earth's trend cools, glaciers form and start to flow downslope.
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the metamorphosed marble around the solidified granitic (felsic) magma must be younger than the limestone according to the principle of:
The metamorphosed marble around the solidified granitic magma must be younger than the limestone according to the principle of baked contacts.
In the study of Geology, the principle of baked contacts states that the heat from magma will heat/bake or metamorphose the layer of sedimentary rocks it flows onto, and therefore the magma that comes in contact with the limestone will heat the limestone with an extremely high temperature causing the limestone mineral to grow and fused with one another resulting in a formation of a solidified layer of marble through metamorphism. This extreme heat and pressure is causing recrystalization of within the solidified limestone.
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what type of soil will you use for evaluation of the sr treatment? select one: a. dry particulate soils b. oil borne stains and soils c. composite soils d. aqueous borne stains and soils
Because they have different charges, Crystal Violet retained on the top of the soil column while Eosin Y was visible all the way down the column stains.
Each dye has a lot to do with cation exchange and polarity, and each dye ended up in various spots. This process is dependent on the soil's charges and binding sites, which are both connected to its ability to hold water. Crystal Violet remained near the top and left the site positively charged because it was anxious to take a hydrogen molecule and our soil had a negative charge. Polar Eosin Y diffused more quickly ability through the length of the soil column and shares our soil's negative net charge. A. It is challenging for scientists to learn about those who have passed away because of soil stains and other changes to the earth. A. It is challenging for scientists to learn about those who have passed away because of soil stains and other changes to the earth. B. Despite their best efforts, forensic anthropologists were never successful in locating the original James Fort. B. Despite their best efforts, forensic anthropologists were never successful in locating the original James Fort. C. The discovery of skeleton remains allowed scientists to pinpoint the position of the original James fort. C. The discovery of skeleton remains allowed scientists to pinpoint the position of the original James fort. D. By checking for soil stains the size of a human body or coffin, archaeologists can find old graves. Archaeologists.
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is the magnitude and direction in the change in npp from grasslands to shrublands the same among the sites?
Yes, the magnitude and direction in the change in npp from grasslands to shrublands the same among the sites.
In shrublands and grasslands, wildfires are common. By evaluating the primary effects of wildfire on plant communities (such as secondary succession and species invasion), soil characteristics (such as water repellency (hydrophobicity), aggregation and structure stability, and contents of organic carbon and nutrients), and surface processes, the goal of this study is to give land managers a general overview (e.g., ash deposition, ground surface clogging, water runoff, soil erosion, hillslope debris flow, and dry ravel). The paper also explores how livestock grazing affects how post-fire grasslands and shrublands function. Despite the mention of mesic zones, this assessment concentrates on drylands. Grasslands and shrublands often have low to moderate fuel loading, which leads to relatively moderately intense wildfires and moderate burn severity.
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What are the three primary colors of light, and what happens when they are combined?.
The ground shakes during an earthquake because of which type of waves? a. ocean waves b. permanent waves c. seismic waves d. sine waves
The ground shakes during an earthquake because of (c) seismic waves
When an earthquake occurs shockwaves of energy, called seismic waves, are released from the earthquake focus. They shake the Earth and temporarily turn soft deposits, such as clay, into jelly
Seismic waves are caused by the sudden movement of materials within the Earth, such as slip along a fault during an earthquake. Volcanic eruptions, explosions, landslides, avalanches, and even rushing rivers can also cause seismic waves.
Seismic waves are usually generated by movements of the Earth’s tectonic plates but may also be caused by explosions, volcanoes and landslides. Seismologists use seismographs to record the amount of time it takes seismic waves to travel through different layers of the Earth. As the waves travel through different densities and stiffness, the waves can be refracted and reflected. Because of the different behavior of waves in different materials, seismologists can deduce the type of material the waves are travelling through.
There are three basic types of seismic waves – P-waves, S-waves and surface waves. P-waves and S-waves are sometimes collectively called body waves.
P-waves
P-waves, also known as primary waves or pressure waves, travel at the greatest velocity through the Earth.
S-waves
S-waves, also known as secondary waves, shear waves or shaking waves, are transverse waves that travel slower than P-waves
Surface waves
Surface waves are similar in nature to water waves and travel just under the Earth’s surface. They are typically generated when the source of the earthquake is close to the Earth’s surface. Although surface waves travel more slowly than S-waves
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two closely related soils, alfisols and ultisols differ in one key respect relative to the bt horizon. is the soil described in the previous questions an alfisol or ultisol?
Two closely related soils, Alfisols and Ultisols differ in one key respect relative to the Bt horizon. Is the soil described in the previous questions an Ultisol.
Strongly leached, acidic forest soils with low native fertility are known as ultisols (from the Latin ultimus, "last"). Typically on older, stable landscapes, they are most common in humid temperate and tropical regions of the world. Primary minerals have undergone intense weathering, and these soils have lost a significant amount of Ca, Mg, and K. Clays have built up in the underlying horizon of ultisols, frequently with intense yellowish or reddish tints brought on by the presence of Fe oxides. Ultisols are a type of soil that can be found in the Southeast of the United States. Aquults, Humults, Udults, Ustults, and Xerults are the five suborders that they fall under.
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In looking at Figure 16.2, Stampede Pass and Bend both have elevations between 3500-4000 feet, but one receives many more inches of rain per year. Which of the following best explains the difference in precipitation?
Stampede Pass and Bend both have elevations between 3500-4000 feet, but one receives many more inches of rain per year.
Stampede Pass dumps into Interstate 90 after crossing the Yakima River (DP15), which you will then follow many miles south into the Cle Elum Valley. In 1881, the history of Stampede Pass began. The route builders' abrupt head-long surge gave the pass its original name, "Garfield Pass," after the 20th U.S. president. An assistant engineer working for the Northern Pacific Railway later changed the name to "Stampede." BNSF Railway now owns Stampede Pass. The corridor is mostly utilized for moving empty rail cars in a single direction because it is predominantly single-tracked, has short tunnel clearances, is not signaled, and has severe gradients.
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a contemporary environmental issue is the release of greenhouse gases and their possible contribution to global warming. group of answer choices true false
True, The release of greenhouse gases and its potential role in global warming are current environmental problems.
The greenhouse effect, which was first recognized by scientists in 1896, is the natural warming of the globe that happens when gases in the atmosphere retain solar heat that would otherwise escape into space.
A greenhouse gas (GHG or GhG) is a gas that produces the greenhouse effect by absorbing and emitting heat infrared radiation. Water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ozone are the planet's main greenhouse gases (O3). Without greenhouse gases, the average surface temperature of the Earth would be closer to 18 °C (0 °F) than it is at the moment, which is 15 °C (59 °F). Additionally, greenhouse gases are found in the atmospheres of Venus, Mars, and Titan.
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Hurricane season for the atlantic ocean lasts from june to november. Which factor makes an atlantic hurricane less likely to form during the month of march?.
The Atlantic Ocean's hurricane season runs from June to November. An Atlantic storm is less likely to occur in March due to the cool ocean water. When a hurricane crosses land, its wind speed decreases since it formed over sea.
When the ocean water is the hottest, hurricanes form. Hurricane season in the Atlantic runs from June 1 to November 30 every year, throughout the summer months. The ocean surface is warming due to our changing climate, which might extend the hurricane season.
Although the Atlantic basin's official hurricane season runs from June 1 to November 30, tropical cyclone activity can occasionally occur before and beyond these dates. The peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is September 10, with mid-August through mid-October seeing the highest activity.
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which one of the following statement is true? a) coral flourishes best in deep cold sea waters. b) wind is a major generator of wave action along coast, therefore, coastlines only experience mechanical weathering. c) most coastal lagoon lakes grow larger with time because there is coastal erosion. d) none of the above is true.
This statement is true since coastal erosion causes most coastal lagoon lakes to enlarge over time. Here, choice C is the right response.
A lagoon is a unique type of estuary where saltwater and freshwater combine. Lagoons can resemble lakes in appearance, but they are frequently produced by reefs or sandbars that operate as above-water landmasses to divide the lagoon from the sea.
Despite the fact that the water level will change throughout the year, the lagoon should be large enough to keep sewage at a depth of 2 to 5 feet. For the lagoon to stay odor-free, maintain anaerobic conditions at the bottom, keep the bottom from drying out, and to prevent rooted plants from sprouting in the lagoon, a minimum depth of 2 feet is required.
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immigration policies recognize that most immigration benefits the host economy and that immigrants contribute as much as regular citizens by paying taxes, observing the law, and even serving in the militaries of their new country.
Immigration policies recognize that immigration most benefits the host economy and that immigrants contribute as much as regular citizens by paying taxes, observing the law, and even serving in the militaries of their new country. [TRUE]
About right and obligation of immigrantsImmigration is a series of activities in the provision of services and law enforcement as well as securing the entry and exit of every person to and from the territory of a country.
This includes monitoring the presence of foreign nationals in the territory of the state.
Immigrants have rights and obligations that are different from those of Indonesian citizens. Foreigners are subject to certain restrictions.
Following are the rights and obligations of foreigners in various fields:
Politics SectorIn the political field, immigrants are not allowed to interfere in domestic politics. Therefore, every foreigner does not have the right to vote, both active and passive voting rights in general elections in Indonesia.
Economic SectorEvery immigrants who works and carries out business activities in country must have a valid work permit and business permit from the Minister of Manpower in accordance with the law.
The work and business activities of foreigners must not endanger national interests, particularly with regard to job opportunities and the labor market.
In addition, foreigners also have tax obligations. The guarantor or taxpayer is the head of the family or someone deemed so by law. The foreign tax is levied each time for a period of three years based on conditions at the start of that period.
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3) Select 2 that apply.
What are two consequences that the agricultural revolution has had on the environment?
1.factories and machines making the production of goods much faster and cheaper than those that
were handmade
2.the destruction of ecosystems to make room for crops
3.the ability to use mostly fossil fuels (coal and oil) for energy purposes
4.the ability of human populations to settle down, build civilizations, and expand in vast numbers
Tar
The two consequences that the agricultural revolution has had on the environment are
the ability of human populations to settle down, build civilizations, and expand in vast numbers the destruction of ecosystems to make room for crops.What is the agricultural revolution?The term "agricultural revolution" refers to a number of cultural changes that originally created the opportunity for people to switch from a livelihood of harvesting and hunting to one of agriculture and animal civilization.
The Agricultural Revolution was the exceptional rise in agricultural output in Britain between the mid-17th and late 19th centuries as a result of gains in labor and land productivity.
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4. imagine a large complex of thunderstorms forms near champaign, il. from what body of water did the water vapor come from that supplied the moisture for these storms?
Imagine a big complex with thunderstorms developing near Champaign, Illinois, coming from the Gulf of Mexico.
What is a storm defined as?A weather disturbance characterized by wind and typically accompanied by rain, snowfall, hail, snow, or thunder and lightning. a significant amount of rain, snow, or hail. 66 to 72 miles per hour (103 – 117 kilometers per hour) wind.
What brings about storms?Rainstorms can develop at any season of the year over the majority of the United States, but they are more common in the milder springtime, summer, and fall months. Tornado development requires three basic components: wetness, an unstable air, and a method to get the atmosphere moving.
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As water temperatures increase, the solubility of gases in the water decreases, so the oceans release carbon dioxide. Positive Identify each of the following as a positive or a negative impact
As the water temperature increases, the solubility of gases in water decreases, so the oceans release carbon dioxide. This has a bad/negative impact
Oceans as carbon emittersThe impact of global warming is increasing the temperature of sea water which results in the ability of sea water to absorb carbon dioxide gas to decrease. Carbon dioxide gas has a solubility level that is twice as great in cold water as compared to warm water. The rates of photosynthesis and respiration are also highly dependent on temperature.
At relatively high temperatures, the rate of photosynthesis and respiration both increase, but the rate of respiration increases faster than the rate of photosynthesis so that the release of carbon dioxide gas becomes greater than its use and causes the sea to become a net carbon source.
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In an area where a river has cut deep into earth, there are several layers of very different rock exposed. The youngest rock layer is most likely to be the layer that is.
There are multiple strata of extremely diverse rocks exposed for which a river has carved deeply into the Earth. The layer beneath the other layers is probably the oldest.
What does rock mean?According to scientists, a rocks is a naturally occurring material made up of crystalline crystals of various minerals that have fused together to form a solid mass. The minerals may or may not have developed at the same time.
What are rocks, and what different kinds are there?There are three types of rock: igneous, sedimentary, When molten rock (lava or magma) cools and solidifies, igneous rocks are created. Sedimentary rocks are created when particles gather in the air or water, or when water-soluble metals precipitate. They layer up as a result.
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Driest month and temperatures
Answer:
The driest month of the year is August with an average daily maximum of 44 C and an average low of 30 C.
geologists use a number of terms to describe the ways in which the oceans interact with land. identify the following examples by labeling the image.
The term used by geologists to discuss sea-land interactions is an estuary, swampy delta, coastal plains, Uplifted terrace, and sand dunes.
Discuss the terms in detail;
1. Estuary: A place where a freshwater river or stream meets the ocean is called an estuary. In estuaries, brackish water is created when a freshwater river and a salty ocean mingle. Although not as salty as the ocean, brackish water has some saltiness. Other names for an estuary include a bay, lagoon, sound, or slough.
2. Swampy Delta: A delta forms when a river empties into an ocean, sea, desert, lake, or simply into a bog. The main channel of this phenomenon splits into numerous streams, or distributaries Deltaic wetlands have a unique water balance that sets them apart from typical river basins, reservoirs, and lakes.
3. Uplifted Terrace: Any relatively flat area of marine origin that is bordered by a steeper ascending slope on one side and a steeper descending slope on the other is referred to as a marine terrace.
4. Sand dune: A dune is a sand mound that the wind creates, typically along a beach or in a desert. Sand accumulates in dunes when the wind drives it into a protected region behind a barrier.
5. Coastal plains: A flat, low-lying area of land near the water is known as a coastal plain. Coastal plains and the rest of the interior are divided by neighbouring landforms like mountains.
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explain at least three ways that the oil industry has affected the environment of the middle east. be sure to consider the processes of extracting, refining, and transporting oil.
Water resources are heavily polluted, salinity of water is high due to the process of oil extraction and refining.
The economies of many Middle Eastern nations, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Yemen, and Persia, rely heavily on the oil sector. Environments for oil production might vary from one nation to another.
Maximum environmental harm is caused during the extraction phase, when oil is first extracted from the ground, as land is cleared to make room for machinery. Drilling sites' oil leaks damage the local wildlife and vegetation gasoline is produced during the refinement of oil. Oil refineries emit hazardous pollutants into the air and may harm the water nearby.
The stage of transportation could result in oil spills. Spills devastate the coral reef and pollute the water and land along the coast. These results may persist for a very long time.
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What makes a Jewish synagogue unique
Answer:
Architecture
Explanation:
One thing that makes synagogues unique from many other religious buildings is the lack of standardized architecture. Catholic churches are shaped like crosses, Buddhist stupas mimic mountains, but synagogues can take any shape or form. Part of this may relate to Jewish history: After being expelled from Jerusalem, Jews were often marginalized and segregated from mainstream society. Utilizing local architecture may have been a survival strategy that helped them blend in.
If the sun mysteriously gets twice as massive as it is right now, what effect will it have on its pull on mars?.
The sun's influence on Mars will increase by twofold if it miraculously becomes twice as huge as it is right now.
Average distance between the Sun and Earth is 93 million miles, however the Sun is still essential to sustaining life as we know it. If our lives were to shrink, expand, increase, or change in any way, we would definitely see significant changes in them. The majority of people concur that the solar system's central star, the sun, is the source of the energy that powers planet Earth. The light and heat that our life-sustaining star releases are used to power our climate and weather systems, which in turn aid in the emergence of life on Earth.
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hich of the following locations would not be favorable for agricultural production? a. the polar front. b. the polar jet stream. c. the subtropical jet stream. d. the polar highs.
The subtropical jet stream locations would not be beneficial for agricultural production. Subtropical high pressure areas are located above the subtropical jet, a band of powerful upper-level winds.
The activity of raising cattle and plants is known as agricultural. The development of stationary human civilization was greatly aided by the discovery of agriculture, which allows individuals to breed domestic pets to provide surplus of food that permitted people to live in cities. Agricultural has a long history dating back thousands of years. Beginning at approximately 105,000 decades previously, people began harvesting wild grains, and approximately 11,500 years ago, they started planting them. Over 10,000 years ago, people began domesticating sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle.
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The expansion of the universe after its origin takes place by a phenomenon called.
The expansion of the universe after its origin takes place by a phenomenon called big bang theory.
The most popular theory for how the universe came into being is called the Big Bang Theory. Simply expressed, it states that the universe as we currently understand it originated from an unimaginably hot and dense single point and expanded over the course of 13.7 billion years, first at unfathomable speeds and subsequently at a more palpable rate. Since astronomers cannot now look back at the Big Bang directly, they must rely on mathematical models and formulas to understand this event.
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depict features that form when magma is injected as sheets into fractures. drag the term and its accompanying description to its correct figure.
A magmatic barrier is a structure that develops when magma is poured into cracks as sheets.
When magma seeps into a fracture and crystallizes as just a sheet intrusion, it either cuts through strata of rock or an unlayered mass of rock, forming magmatic barriers. Sediment fills an existing fissure to create clastic barriers.
Underneath the surface of the Earth, molten & semi-molten rock mixtures are known as magma. Lava is the name given to magma that occasionally breaks the surface, such as during a volcanic explosion.
This magma can breach crustal fissures or breaks, igniting a volcano. Lava is the term for magma that flows or explodes onto the surface of the Earth.
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Which list includes major events in the history of life on earth in the proper order, from earliest to most recent?.
Major events in the history of life on earth in the proper order includes: first prokaryotes; photosynthesis; first eukaryotes; colonization of land by plants and fungi.
Life is complex and challenging to define concisely, as evidenced by the presence of numerous definitions of life as described in the section above. Since the second half of the 19th century, living systems have been the subject of scientific study. However, the disparity in definitions and lack of agreement among experts also imply something else. Microbes are the earliest known life forms, on earth and they left traces of their existence in rocks that were 3.7 billion years old. A particular class of carbon molecule created by living beings made up the signals.
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which does not play a role in causing a rain shadow? cold polar air a mountain range adiabatic cooling humid ocean air
A rain shadow is not brought on by frigid polar air, claims the statement.
When it's humid, what does that mean?The amount or air containing water vapor is known as humidity. The dampness will be high when there is bunch enough water vapor present in the air. As the humidity increases, it feels more humid outside. In meteorologists, dampness is generally portrayed using the word "relative humidity."
Is humidity chilly or hot?Therefore, the sweat evaporation of water slows down so when the air's relative humidity is high, indicating that now the air seems to have a high amount of moisture. The outcome? You feel that it is hotter. If indeed the air is really dry, the opposite happens.
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Scientist often use ______________ which are programs that combine what is known about atmospheric circulation, ocean circulation, atmosphere–ocean interactions, and feedback cycles to simulate climate dynamics.
Scientists often use climate models, which are programs that combine what is known about atmospheric circulation, ocean circulation, atmosphere-ocean interactions, and feedback cycles to simulate dynamics.
Climate models, also known as general cyclic models or GCMs, use mathematical equations to describe how energy and matter interact in different parts of the oceans, atmosphere, and land. .
Climate models are important tools for improving our understanding and predictability of climate behavior on seasonal, annual, decade, and centenary time scales. Models investigate the extent to which observed change in climate can be attributed to natural variability, human activity, or a combination of both.
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Geologists know that potassium-40 decays to argon-40, with a half-life of 1. 3 billion years. If an analysis of a feldspar crystal in a sample of granite shows that 75 percent of the potassium-40 atoms have decayed to form argon-40, what is the age of the granite? the granite sample is years old.
The granite specimen dates back 2.6 billion years.
What components compose granite?Granite is a plutonic rock with a light tint that is mostly present in mountainous areas of the crustal. It consists of coarse quartz grains (10–50%), sodium feldspar, and potassium feldspar. These minerals make up about 80% of the rock's composition.
Briefing :
Given ,As we know that the radioactive decays follow the first order kinetics.
First we have to calculate the rate constant.
Formula used : [tex]t\frac{1}{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.693}{k}[/tex]
[tex]1.3 billion years[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0.693}{k}[/tex]
[tex]k = 0.533 ( billion years )^{-1}[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the age of the sample of granite.
The expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by :
[tex]k = \frac{2.303}{t}[/tex] [tex]log \frac{a}{a-x}[/tex]
where,
k = rate constant = 0.533
t = time taken for decay process = ?
a = initial amount of the reactant = 100 g
a - x = amount left after decay process = 100 - 75 = 25 g
Putting values in above equation, we get the age of the sample of granite.
[tex]0.533 = \frac{2.303}{t} log \frac{100}{25}[/tex]
t = 2.6 billion years
Therefore, the age of the sample of granite is, 2.6 billion years
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in the usa today, how does the overall rate of soil erosion on cultivated land compare to the rate of formation?
Although soil is susceptible to erosion, like all core samples, under natural circumstances on moderate slopes, the rate of land production either balances or outpaces the rate of soil erosion.
Explain what soil erosion is.When water or wind impact separates and dissolves soil particles, the soil deteriorates gradually as a result of soil erosion. Poor water quality, soil erosion, and surface runoff have grown to be important problems all over the world.
What makes it known as soil erosion?The process of eroding away the topsoil or surface layer through the mechanical movement of surface particles caused by forces like wind, rivers, or even glaciers.
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at the times of the peak wind gusts for both locations, what is the primary wind direction? for boulder, is this coming from the mountains (downslope) or going towards the mountains (upslope)?
The air in the valley quickly warms up during the day and rises upward. Mountain air cools more quickly at night and descends into the valley.
The true explanation for mountain-valley breezes is that during the day, the valley air quickly warms and flows upslope, while at night, the mountain air quickly cools and descends into the valley.
When the valley bottom warms up during the day, it should be observed that the warm air will then rise to the surrounding mountain slopes, creating a valley breeze. The cooler, denser air will then glide down the slopes during the night and settle in the valley, creating the mountain breeze.
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