in understanding methamphetamine addiction, a psychologist using the system developed by the research domain criteria project (rdoc) might focus on responsiveness to reward.
What is methamphetamine addiction?
Methamphetamine impacts the central nervous system and is a potent, highly addictive stimulant. A kind of the drug known as "crystal methamphetamine" has the appearance of shiny, bluish-white pebbles or glass fragments. It shares chemical similarities with amphetamine, a medication used to treat narcolepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methamphetamine increases the amount of the natural chemical dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is involved in body movement, motivation, and reinforcement of rewarding behaviors. The drug’s ability to rapidly release high levels of dopamine in reward areas of the brain strongly reinforces drug-taking behavior, making the user want to repeat the experience.
To learn more about Methamphetamine
https://brainly.com/question/9335852
#SP J4
what is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence (ipv)?
The victims of IPV do not report the abuse is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence.
What is Intimate Partner Violence?Abuse or hostility that takes place in a romantic relationship is known as intimate partner violence (IPV). Both present and previous spouses as well as romantic partners are considered intimate partners. The frequency and severity of IPV are both variable. Physical violence, sexual violence, stalking, and psychological aggression are the four categories of intimate partner violence that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has identified. According to estimates, psychological abuse against intimate partners is the most prevalent type (IPV). Despite this, there is little study on the direct impact of psychological aggression on mental health. a close personal bond between two people who identify as a couple that is marked by some of the traits listed below: emotional kinship, consistent communication, and ongoing physical contact.
To learn more about intimate partner violence click,
https://brainly.com/question/7596323
#SPJ4
If the government removes a binding price floor from a market, then the price received by sellers will % decrease, and the quantity sold in the market will decrease 0 decrease, and the quantity sold in the market will increase Q increase, and the quantity sold in the market will decrease Q increase, and the quantity sold in the market will increase A price floor is binding when it is set Q above the equilibrium price, causing a shortage above the equilibrium price, causing a surplus below the equilibrium price causing a shortage below the equilibrium price, causing a surplus The imposition of a binding price floor on a market causes quantity demanded to be greater than quantity supplied less than quantity supplied equal to quantity supplied Both a) and b) are possible
The correct option is d).As the Price floor restricts price below market price hence less quantity is provided at a lower price and if gets removed then both increase.
According to the Corporate Finance Institute, a binding price floor occurs when the government sets a required price on a good or goods at a price above equilibrium. Because the government mandates that prices not fall below this level, that price effectively binds the market for that good.
What effects does a binding price have?
A binding price floor, as we have seen, raises the price of a good above the equilibrium price. This causes a decrease in demand and an increase in supply. The quantity supplied will exceed the quantity demanded, resulting in a market surplus of goods.
Learn more about binding price to visit this link
https://brainly.com/question/11312493
#SPJ4
Identify whether or not each scenario is an example of deprivation amplification.
Area-level deprivation increases individual or household (such as poor income) (for example, lack of affordable nutritious food or facilities for physical activity in the neighbourhood) amplification.
Why did you use the word "amplification"?
amplification (countable and uncountable, plural amplifications) (countable and uncountable, plural amplifications) the process or outcome of amplification, enlargement, extension, or addition. The act of independently raising a quantity, especially voltage, power, or current, or its outcome (physics). (electronics) Gain.
We employ amplification because...
A signal's magnitude can be increased by an electronic device known as an amplifier, electronic amplifier, or (informally) amp (a time-varying voltage or current). It may greatly increase power, or its primary impact may be to raise voltage or current (power, voltage or current amplifier).
To know more about amplification visit:
https://brainly.com/question/4267326
#SPJ4
the statements that police are required to make to a person before that person may be subjected to in-custody questioning are known as
The statements that police are required to make to a person before that person may be subjected to in-custody questioning are known as Miranda Warnings.
What do you mean by Miranda rights?
Miranda Rights were a set of rights created in 1966.It occurs as a result of the United States Supreme Court case of Miranda v. Arizona.The name of the case came from Ernesto Miranda who was a 24-year-old high school drop-out accused in a kidnapping case.There are a set of five rights namely
Right to Remain SilentAnything You Say can Be Used Against You in a Court of Law Right to Have an Attorney If You Cannot Afford an Attorney will be providedArrest Without the Reading of Miranda Rights.Therefore, it gives enough chances to the victims that they can prove themselves.To know more about Miranda Rights from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/13483624
#SPJ4
1. many researchers who focus on adhd have argued that this disorder should be separated into two distinct diagnoses. why?
Many researchers on adhd have argued that this disorder should be separated into two distinct diagnoses as it challenged the idea that personality traits such as inattentiveness, impulsivity, and distractibility deserve symptom labels.
ADHD disorder:ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. It is usually first diagnosed in childhood and often persists into adulthood. Children with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behavior (they may act without thinking about the consequences), or being overly active.
What is the relationship between ADHD and sleep?Beginning in adolescence, people with ADHD tend to sleep less, have problems falling asleep and staying asleep, and are at increased risk of developing sleep disorders.
Learn more about ADHD :
brainly.com/question/25392416
#SPJ4
vladamir comes from a culture in which his own accomplishments are very important to him because he feels that they set him apart from others. on his resume he lists the jobs he's had, the awards he's won, and the degrees that he has earned. he feels that this will help him get the new job for which he is applying. the culture in which vladamir comes appears to value . a. monism b. collectivism c. individualism d. pluralism
Vladimir comes from a culture in which his own accomplishments are very important to him because he feels that they set him apart from others. on his resume, he lists the jobs he's had, the awards he's won, and the degrees that he has earned. he feels that this will help him get the new job for which he is applying. the culture in individualism value.
IndividualismIndividualism is a moral position, political philosophy, ideology, and social attitude that stresses the individual's intrinsic value. Individualism is sometimes regarded as the polar opposite of authoritarianism, collectivism, and more corporate social formations. Individualism focuses on the individual[1] and so begins "with the fundamental assumption that the human individual is of paramount importance in the battle for emancipation."
To know more about individualism visit the link
https://brainly.com/question/15084471
#SPJ4
according to the plaid avenger, color-coded chapter on conflict, which plaid color status level of violence includes discreet arms gathering?
Blue color status level of violence includes discreet arms gathering.
What do you mean by Conflict ?
Conflict can be described as a disagreement among groups or individuals characterized by antagonism and hostility. There are different kinds of conflict : Internal and External. It can lead to various issues in economic, social , individual and can lead to situations of trauma.
Basis of conflict includes :
PersonalRacialClassCastePolitical InternationalTo know more about Conflict from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/13990331
#SPJ4
PLEASE think of a time when you were learning how to do something new write fore to five sentences describing the experience make sure to have transition words such as first, then or finally to show the sentence events im giving 20 points for this
Answer:
Explanation:
THE TIME I TRIED TO LEARN BAKING
Monday morning, I went to the baking class. The moment i reached and went inside i was amazed. Firstly i we wore the aprons. Then the baker who was giving us lessons called me to try a trick but when i tried to make the dough for the cookies, it sticked all on my hands and everyone laughed on me. Next, after his instructions we had to put sugar in it but suddenly i put salt. I didn't lose hope but when it was time to put the batter in the oven i didn't pre heat it and then when it was baked...umm i by mistake over baked it. This was all a mess but the baker called me and he explained me everything again and i am now a perfect baker :)
Why plates move around on Earths surface.
Answer:
Gravitational
Explanation:
Strong enough to pull
when ross joins them later in scene 3 and he is first asked by macduff about his wife and children, why doesn't ross tell him the truth?
Ross hesitates to break such bad news to Macduff in Shakespeare's Macbeth. He just doesn't want to give him the bad news.
You'll see that he only needs to be nudged a little to divulge the information. He is merely reticent; he is not attempting to conceal anything from Macduff.He might also feel a little intimidated. Ross's news is bad, and Macduff is a fierce warrior.When this is performed, Ross-playing actors frequently convey this through their facial expressions and pauses in speech, as if Ross is assessing the situation and suddenly decides against saying what he should at the last minute.One of the moments that directors and actors are free to interpret is this one.Learn more about macduff to visit this link
https://brainly.com/question/13915593
#SPJ4
Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition
Area of sociology devoted to the study of human populations.
populationDemographybirthratefertilityfecunditymortality
The field of sociology known as "social psychology" is devoted to the study of human populations.
Psychology is a scientific field that examines the mental processes, states, and behavior of both humans and other animals.
In general, psychology can be divided into two categories: a sizable social psychology profession of practitioners and a smaller but developing science of the mind, brain, and social behavior. Despite populations having different objectives, levels of education, and methods, some psychologists combine the two.
Philosophers like Plato and Aristotle were among the first to contribute to the formation of psychology in Western society. Hippocrates pondered fundamental human temperaments, such as choleric, sanguine, and social psychology melancholic ones, as well as the characteristics that go along with them. He hypothesized that physical characteristics like yellow bile or excessive blood might be the cause of temperamental populations variations in light of the biology of his time (see also humour).
Learn more about social psychology here
https://brainly.com/question/28432918
#SPJ4
Answer:
Demography is the statistical study of human populations. Demography examines the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time. It uses methods from history, economics, anthropology, sociology, and other fields.
Explanation:
<3
which theory of personality emphasizes the value and importance of unconditional positive regard and self-esteem with regard to relationships?
According to humanistic psychology theory, the ideal conditions for a client's personal growth are created when the therapist treats them with complete acceptance and respect.
What are the Carl Rogers personality theory's three components?His self-concept, which includes three elements—self-worth, self-image, and ideal self—is central to his theory of personality. To support people in realizing their full potential and achieving self-actualization, Rogers created the client-centered counseling approach.
What does amiable personality actually imply?The ability to prioritize the needs of others over one's own is referred to as agreeableness. People who are more agreeable are more likely to be empathic, enjoy assisting others, and enjoy working with those who require more assistance.
Know more about theory here:
brainly.com/question/14543764
#SPJ4
what is a set of principles formalizing the ideal role of parties in a majoritarian democracy called?
A set of principles formalizing the ideal role of parties in a majoritarian democracy is known as responsible party government.
Democracy is a form of government in which the people have the power to deliberate and decide on legislation, or to elect governing officials to do so.
This means that our government is chosen by the people. Citizens vote for their government officials in this country. In government, these officials represent citizens' ideas and concerns. One way to participate in our democracy is to vote. Citizens can also contact their elected officials to support or change a law.
To know more about democracy, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/13158670
#SPJ4
on a divided highway, indicates the left edge of traffic lanes going in the same direction as you are. virginia
A solid or broken yellow line on a divided highway designates the left edge of the lanes that are traveling in the same direction as you.
In the context of road transportation, a lane is a section of a roadway that is intended to be used by a single line of vehicles in order to regulate, direct, and lessen traffic conflicts. [1] The majority of public roads lanes (highways) have a minimum of two lanes, one for traffic traveling in each direction and divided by lane markings. Lanes are identified by road highway surface markings on multilane highways and busier two-lane roads. Two multi-lane roadways separated by a median are frequently found on major highways.
Some bridges and roads with very little traffic are only one lane wide and less than 4.6 meters (15 feet) wide. Vehicles moving in the opposite lanes direction must slow down or stop in order to pass one another. These are commonly known as highway country lanes in rural areas.
Learn more about lanes here
https://brainly.com/question/28043523
#SPJ4
What term was discussed to describe how surgeons use augmented reality, high-definition video, and real-time data readings from medical sensors to control the remote robotic surgical tool?.
An developing surgical technique known as telesurgery or remote surgery links patients using both robot and wireless networking.
What does "remote surgery" mean?With the use of robotic systems and wireless networking, telesurgery, also known as remote surgery, connects patients to surgeons who are separated by distance.
Can surgeons perform operations remotely?The physical distance here between surgeon and the sufferer is less important while performing remote surgery. Without requiring patients to leave their local hospital, it aims to make the skills of specialized surgeons accessible to patients everywhere. The ability to perform surgery through tiny incisions is one of its key benefits.
To know more about telesurgery visit :
https://brainly.com/question/19314230
#SPJ4
Which among the following statements is not true about the Supreme Court of India?
A
It controls the judicial administrative process in India.
B
It is the highest court of India and is located in New Delhi.
C
It can transfer the judges of High Court.
D
It cannot transfer cases from one High Court to another.
D is the right answer. It is not permitted to transfer cases from one High Court to another.
The Indian judiciary is well-structured and interconnected. It is made up of the Supreme Court, the High Court, and the Subordinate Courts. They issue decisions based on state and federal laws.
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land, and it oversees the judicial administrative process. It has the authority to transfer High Court justices. It also has the authority to transfer matters from any court to itself or from one High Court to another.
Except for court-martials, it can hear from any court or tribunal. As a result, option 3 is incorrect. The Supreme Court of India was established on January 26, 1950.
Learn more about to Supreme Court visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/28863069
#SPJ4
dan is a recent widower. based on research that tracked widowed people over time, dan should find that his depressive symptoms over time.
Dan is a recent widower. based on research that tracked widowed people over time, Dan should find that his depressive symptoms over time.
The correct answer is - Lessen consistently.
Depression is a mood disorder marked by persistent melancholy and loss of interest. It has an impact on your feelings, thoughts, and behavior and can cause a number of mental and physical problems. Clinical depression or major depressive disorder are other names for it. You can find it difficult to carry out your everyday tasks, and you might think life isn't worth living.
You cannot "snap out of" depression; it is more than just a lousy mood. Long-term therapy may be necessary to treat depression. But do not lose heart. The majority of depressed patients find relief from either medication, counseling, or both.
For more info about 'Depression' click on below link -brainly.com/question/28810167
#SPJ4
the proposal to ban smoking in the workplace is a terrible idea. consider the plight of the poor smokers. just to get a puff, they'll have to go outside, where they'll face the icy blasts of winter, torrential rains in the spring, and the blazing sun in summer. nobody should ever be subjected to such torture. question 9 options: missing the point. no fallacy. appeal to pity. false cause.
It is a bad idea to forbid smoking in the workplace. Think about the suffering of the poor smokers. They will have to venture outside just to have a puff, where they will encounter the cold blasts of winter, the heavy rains of spring, and the sweltering rays of summer. This is appeal to pity
Such anguish shouldn't ever be felt by anyone. This is a cry for sympathy. An attempt to persuade others to accept an argument or viewpoint by preying on their sense of guilt or sympathy is known as an appeal to sympathy. It is a particular form of emotional appeal. The appeal to pity fallacy is a logical fallacy where the person making the argument overlooks the argument or doesn't respond rationally, instead appealing to pity in an effort to divert the audience's attention away from their lack of a more compelling main argument.
learn more about appeal to pity here:
https://brainly.com/question/10954036
#SPJ4
the u.s. department of justice asked meter readers, cable installers, and telephone repair people to report suspicious activities. what form of activities were the u.s. department of education concerned about?
The form of activities, such as asked meter readers, cable installers, and telephone repair people to report suspicious activities, which the U.S. Department of Justice concerned about were called surveillance.
What is surveillance?Surveillance is the observing of behavior, many activities, or information for the purpose of information gathering, influencing, managing or directing. It usually refers to the careful watching of a person or place, especially by the police or army, because of a crime which has happened or is expected.
In general, surveillance is electronic or fixed. Electronic surveillance comprises wiretapping, bugging, videotaping, geolocation tracking, data mining, social media mapping, and the observing of data and traffic on the internet.
Learn more about surveillance at: https://brainly.com/question/14895186
#SPJ4
even when she strongly disagrees with her brother's opinion, sofia effectively controls her own anger and responds with empathy to her brother's frustration regarding their dispute. her behavior best illustrates
When Sophia adamantly disagrees with her brother's opinion, she effectively controls her own anger and responds with empathy to her brother's frustrations over arguments. Her behavior best demonstrates emotional intelligence.
What is Emotional Intelligence?Emotional Intelligence (also known as Emotional Quotient or EQ) is the ability to actively use your emotions to reduce stress, communicate effectively, empathize with others, overcome challenges, and alleviate conflict. It is the ability to understand, use and manage.Emotional intelligence has three main areas: ability model, trait model, and mixed model.How can emotional intelligence be measured?There are four general types of EI tests: 1) Skill-based tests (including MSCEIT). 2) Feature-based testing (e.g. Bar-On EQi). 3) Competency-based testing – (including ESCI). 4) Behavioral tests – (e.g. Genos)
What are the five components of emotional intelligence?Self-conscious. Self-awareness is about recognizing and understanding your emotions (what you're feeling and why you're feeling them) and how your emotions affect those around you. Self control. Motivation. Sympathy. Social skills.To learn more about emotional intelligence visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13129837
#SPJ4
In recent years, various forms of media—newspapers, television stations, radio networks, and even blogs—are increasingly owned by.
In recent years, various forms of media newspapers, television stations, radio networks, and even blogs are increasingly owned by a small number of corporations
What is the media?Generally, the methods of communication, such as radio and television, newspapers and magazines, and the internet, that may reach a large number of people or have a significant effect on them: Tonight, many news outlets will be covering the address.
In recent years, a relatively small number of firms have gradually gained ownership of numerous types of media, including newspapers, television stations, radio networks, and even blogs.
Read more about media
https://brainly.com/question/14047162
#SPJ1
What cognitive changes occurring during middle adulthood are the most noticeable?.
Changes in memory that begin to occur during middle adulthood are the most noticeable.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy?
A form of talking therapy is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). It is a typical course of treatment for various mental health issues. You learn coping mechanisms for a variety of issues through CBT. It focuses on the impact that your ideas, convictions, and attitudes have on the way you feel and behave. exposing yourself to stressful situations, such as entering a busy public area. journaling about your daily thoughts and feelings in relation to those thoughts In CBT therapy, efforts are typically made to alter thought processes. These techniques may include: Recognizing one's own thinking distortions that are causing issues and then reevaluating them in the context of reality. improving one's knowledge of other people's motivations and behaviors.
To learn more about cognitive behavioral therapy click on the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/7773389
#SPJ4
according to the text, which type of praise or criticism would be most likely to be associated with children developing an incremental/mastery orientation in response to failure?
According to the text, the type of praise or criticism would be most likely to be associated with children developing an incremental/mastery orientation in response to failure is 'I think you need to try harder.'
Mastery Orientation refers to a child's ability to master a specific skill or task.
Mastery Orientation refers to a child's ability to master a specific skill or task. In other words, it is the degree of ease with which a student adapts to a particular problem or activity. On the other hand, if you are having difficulty with these tasks and are taking a little longer than average, you may have a low level of mastery orientation.
To know more about mastery orientation here,
brainly.com/question/25944463
#SPJ4
A dam is built that separates a river into two sections—a deep upstream section and a shallow downstream section. When the dam is first built, a fish species is able to move from the upstream section into the downstream section, but not vice versa. Predators can more easily catch the fish in the shallow downstream section than they can in the deep upstream section. Which scenario is most likely to lead to speciation?.
When the dam is first built, a fish species is able to move from the upstream section into the downstream section, but not vice versa. Hydroelectric power occurs when water flows from a dam into a river below the dam.
Energy is based on water volume or pressure, the more water flowing through the intake pipe, the more energy is produced. An artificial lake is built behind the dam. Turbines surrounded by magnets generate electricity when the flowing water hits them, causing the turbines to rotate and generate electricity when they are in dams.
Therefore, the water flowing through the inlet pipe rotates the turbine and generates electricity. The fish in this scenario have gone extinct because they are alive and have not left predator-friendly waters, and are not being produced at a rate sufficient to replace populations lost to predators.
Learn about dam:
https://brainly.com/question/2615586
#SPJ4
if a dance teacher moves a dancer's arm through a preferred trajectory, that form of augmented feedback would be referred to as:
It is better to encourage the development of motor skills with error-based feedback. An example of augmented feedback would be: - descriptive KP if a dancing teacher moved a dancer's arm along a desired trajectory.
what is descriptive KP?Characteristic KP. focuses mainly on the mistakes that a performer has made while exercising talent. Scriptural KP identifies errors and specifies (or prescribes) the necessary action to be taken to fix them. Prescriptive feedback offers error correction, whereas descriptive feedback only describes the performance. is frequently referred to as extrinsic or external feedback.
It describes information about how well a skill is being performed that is added to sensory input and originates from a source outside of the individual executing the activity. Thus, descriptive feedback addresses incorrect interpretations and a lack of knowledge, links it to the learning that is anticipated, and gives students clear and actionable "next steps."
To know more about descriptive KP visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28481187
#SPJ4
zarina is talking to spirits that no one else can see. she sometimes channels the spirits so they can talk with living people. zarina
She sometimes uses spiritualism to channel the dead so they can communicate with the living. Depending on her cultural upbringing and religious views, Zarina may be acting normally.
Spiritualism is the metaphysical school of thought that rejects physicalism. It also refers to all spiritual viewpoints (in monism and dualism) from antiquity to the present. The long nineteenth century saw the rise of Spiritualism (when not capitalised), which became best known as a spirit world movement that held that "the continuity of consciousness after the transition of death" and "the possibility of communication between those living on Earth and those who have made the transition" are part of the laws of nature and of God. [1] Spiritualists believe that the "spirit world," sometimes known as the afterlife, is a dynamic environment where spirits can move about.
Learn more about Spiritualism here
https://brainly.com/question/28385558
#SPJ4
three-year-old julie is shy around other children and fearful of unfamiliar places and events. julie's parents worry about how inhibited she is and so enroll her in a half-day preschool class that she attends until she begins kindergarten two years later. based on what research suggests about the stability of temperament, what would you expect of julie when she reaches adolescence?
Julie will be a little on the shy side but not totally isolated from her peers, she might be moderately hesitant about new experiences. (Option B)
How would explain or justify the above answer?Research states that temperament tends to be stable over time. If a person shows from a young age certain behavioral characteristics that are natural to them, the probability that those traits remain part of their behavioral repertoire over time is considerably high.
Temperament is stable over time, however, personality develops over time and personality characteristics are modifiable until a certain age.
In this particular case, three year old Julie is shy around other children and fearful of unfamiliar places and events. This is Julie's temperament because she is only 3 years old, and based on what research suggests about the stability of temperament, when she reaches adolescence Julie will be a little on the shy side but not totally isolated from her peers, and she might me moderately hesitant about new experiences.
To know more about adolescence, visit:
brainly.com/question/14629956
#SPJ4
what kind of quantitative research method would be used to answer the question: what percentage of the time are women allowed to lead meetings in the office?
Descriptive statistics is the kind of quantitative research method that would be used to answer the question. 26 percentage of the time are women allowed to lead meetings in the office.
What exactly are quantitative research techniques?Through the use of sampling techniques and the distribution of online questionnaires, polls, and surveys, for instance, quantitative research gathers data from both current and potential clients. A numerical representation of the results is possible.
What Is Descriptive Statistics?By producing summaries of data samples, descriptive statistics can be used to describe the characteristics of a data set. It is frequently portrayed as a summary of data that is displayed and explains the data's contents. Descriptive information about the proportion of males and women in a particular city, for instance, might be included in a population census.
To know more about quantitative research, visit:
brainly.com/question/22036535
#SPJ4
what type of power is derived from the possession of special rewards that a leader can bestow upon subordinates in return for desirable action? answer
Reward power: If a chief has rewards that he or she can bestow on subordinates in return for some suited action, the chief has reward power.
What are some examples of reward power?Reward electricity is the capability to reward others when they follow your wishes or instructions. For example, a manager may also be able to reward raises, promotions, bonuses or even simple compliments to income personnel who meet their quotas. These rewards can increase employees' incentive to perform
What is reward energy psychology?a capacity to have an effect on others primarily based on the capacity or the promise to deliver desired rewards. The strength of reward electricity will increase with (a) the value of the rewards and (b) the extent to which the target of influence is structured on the influencer for the rewards..
Learn more about reward power here:
https://brainly.com/question/28148311#SPJ4which principle of the pledge of allegiance to the georgia flag applies to the georgia supreme court?
The Georgia Supreme Court owes its allegiance to the Republic for which it stands in the state's pledge of allegiance.
A patriotic verse known as "The Pledge of Allegiance of the United Supreme Court States" is said during which one swears allegiance to the American flag and the country's republican government. Captain George Thacher Balch, a Civil pledge of allegiance War Union Army officer who later wrote a book on how to teach patriotism to students in public schools, created the original edition in 1885 with a text that was different from the one currently in use.
Balch's poem was updated by Francis Bellamy in 1892 as part of a magazine advertisement for the World's Columbian pledge of allegiance Exposition, which commemorated the 400th anniversary of Christopher Supreme Court Columbus' landing in the Americas.
Learn more about pledge of allegiance here
https://brainly.com/question/13425535
#SPJ4