Answer:
Genetic Map + distances between genes
---T--------------S---------------N---
║---6.4%---║----16.3%---║
║-----------22.7%-----------║
Explanation:
Available data:
three diallelic genes are linked on the same chromosome: T gene codifies for height, S gene codifies for skin texture, and N gene codifies for fruit shape.Tall (T-) is dominant to dwarf (tt)Skin that is smooth (S-) is dominant to skin that is peachy (ss)Fruit with a normal tomato shape (N-) is dominant to oblate shape (nn)A plant that is true-breeding for the dominant traits was crossed to a dwarf plant with peachy skin and oblate fruitF1 plants were then testcrossed F2: 151 tall, smooth, normal T-S-N-33 tall, smooth, oblate T-S-nn11 tall, peach, oblate T-ssN-2 tall, peach, normal T-ssnn155 dwarf, peach, oblate ttssnn29 dwarf, peach, normal ttssN-12 dwarf, smooth, normal ttS-N-0 dwarf, smooth, oblate ttS-nnWe can recognize the parental gametes in the descendants because their phenotypes are the most frequent,
151 tall, smooth, normal TSN155 dwarf, peach, oblate tsnwhile the double recombinants are the less frequent.
2 tall, peach, normal TsN0 dwarf, smooth, oblate tSnAnd simple recombinant gametes produced by the cross, which frequencies are intermediate.
33 tall, smooth, oblate TSn11 tall, peach, oblate Tsn29 dwarf, peach, normal tsN12 dwarf, smooth, normal tSNComparing the parental and the double recombinant we will realize that they only change in the position of the alleles S. This suggests that the position of the gene skin texture is in the middle of the other two genes, because in a double recombinant only the central gene changes position in the chromatid.
---T-----S-------N---
Now we will call Region I to the area between T and S and Region II to the area between S and N.
---T------S-------N---
RI RII
Once established the order of the genes we can calculate distances between them, and we will do it from the central gene to the genes on each side. First We will calculate the recombination frequencies, and we will do it by region. We will call P1 to the recombination frequency between T and S genes, and P2 to the recombination frequency between S and N.
P1 = (R + DR) / N
P2 = (R + DR)/ N
Where: R is the number of recombinants in each region, DR is the number of double recombinants in each region, and N is the total number of individuals. To calculate the recombination frequency, we have to know that 1% of recombinations = 1 map unit = 1cm. And that the maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.
N = 151 + 33 + 11 + 2 + 155 + 29 + 12 + 0 = 393
So:
P1 = (R + DR) / N = 2 + 0 + 11 + 12 / 393 = 0.064 P2 = (R + DR)/ N = 2 + 0 + 33 + 29 / 393 = 0.163Now, to calculate the recombination frequency between the two extreme genes, A and B, we can just perform addition or a sum:
P1 + P2= Pt
0.064 + 0.163 = Pt
0.227 = Pt
The genetic distance will result from multiplying that frequency by 100 and expressing it in map units (MU). One centiMorgan (cM) equals one map unit (MU). The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which one of every 100 meiotic products results in a recombinant product.
P1 = 0.064 x 100 = 6.4% P2 = 0.163 x 100 = 16.3% Pt = 0.227 x 100 = 22.7%Genetic Map
---T--------------S---------------N---
║---6.4%---║----16.3%---║
║-----------22.7%-----------║
define unplanned urbanization?
here's your answer dude
hope it helps you
Distinguish between herbaceous and woody stems
Answer: herbaceous plants are plants with very flexible stems. Their leaves and stems die down to soil level at the end of every growing season amd woody plants are plants with very strong and not easily bendable stems such as trees. Woody plants produce wood as a structural tissue
Which practice is used to destroy and eliminate
all threats in the microbial world?
A group of students were asked to study and record the movement of amoeba to try and determine how they move. The group knew that they must plan this descriptive investigation carefully, including the selection of the appropriate technology needed to observed these single-celled organisms. Which type of microscope would be most appropriate for this investigation? A) Compound Light Microscope B) Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Stereo Microscope (Dissecting Scope) D Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Answer:
A. Compound Light Microscope
Explanation:
USA TestPrep
Answer:
coumpound light microscope
Explanation:
WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
mutualism relates to which of the following relationships?
A. Both organisms benefit
B. One organism benefits; the other is harmed
C. Both organisms are harmed
D. Neither organisms benefit or is harmed
Answer:
A. Both organisms benefit
Explanation:
what is a selectable marker?????
Ask a question about your assignment Explain what are shared characteristics of transcription to translation and what are their differences. Explain what their function is in each cell and their importance to the body.
Explanation:
perform the following the rhythm patterns using the given legend use any kind of membranophones pearl shoes us
Write a scientific explanation to explain how natural selection and adaptation increase or decreases the chances of survival for the mice if they entered one another’s environment.
Answer:
Natural selection is a factor of biological evolution, by means of which individuals who possess a certain characteristic tend to prevail over those who lack such characteristic. Thus, by reproducing, individuals with favorable characteristics end up imposing their own set of characteristics, taking control of the environment in which they develop and relegating other individuals or condemning them to their extinction or displacement.
Thus, in the case, if some mice entered the environment of others, most likely they would not be able to adapt to the conditions to which the original group of that environment had previously adapted. In this way, natural selection itself would make the new mice end up disappearing from it, in favor of the mice that already lived there and that, therefore, had adapted their characteristics to those of the environment.
How to be a grown up
Answer:
yOu nEeD ThE mOnEy DuDe
Explanation:
Job
Yeast is a: rhizobium, legume, bacteria or fungi?
Answer:
legume mark me brainy plz!
Explanation:
Answer:
I think its a legume?
Explanation:
1. Animals that eat only plants are called ________.
1. carnivores
2. decomposers
3. herbivores
4. omnivores
Answer:
3
Explanation:
they are called herbivores
Answer:
Herbivores
Explanation:
the main sugar that is used as a reactant in cellular respiration is called ____?
Answer:
glucose
Explanation:
I NEED HELP!!!! What 4 minerals most commonly found in rocks?
•calcite
•feldspar
•fluorite
•halite
•hematite
•magnetite
•mica
•quartz
About 200 minerals make up the rocks.
What are Rocks?The chemical composition and atomic structure of minerals are distinctive. Numerous physical characteristics of minerals, including as hardness, lustre, streak, and cleavage, can be used to quickly identify them. For instance, the mineral quartz is quite hard and not as readily scratched as the mineral talc, which is quite soft and easily scratched.
One of the most effective ways to categorize and differentiate between various minerals is by careful examination of crystal forms.
A crystalline solid is composed of constituent atoms, molecules, or ions arranged in an orderly repeating pattern that extends across all three spatial dimensions.
Therefore, About 200 minerals make up the rocks.
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Calculate the Vapour pressure of a Solvent
above a Solution Containing 83.99g of
molecular mass 195.62 per 1000g Water 20C
the vapour pressure of
Water at 20°c is 17.73mmHg
Please answer the three questions. ☺️
d) Out of the 16 possible outcomes, how many have to yellow leaves?
e) Out of the 16 possible outcomes, how many have green leaves?
f)Out of the 16 possible outcomes, how many have green leaves and rough
seeds?
Answer:
12 out of 16 have yellow leaves
4 out of 16 have green leaves
1 out of 16 has green leaves and rough seeds
Explanation:
<3
The answer to the three questions is as follows:
Out of the 16 possible outcomes, 12 of them have to possess yellow leaves. Out of the 16 possible outcomes, 4 of them have to possess green leaves. Out of the 16 possible outcomes, only one has green leaves and rough seeds. What is a Dihybrid cross?A dihybrid cross may be characterized as a type of cross that significantly takes place between two individuals with two observed traits that are controlled by two distinct genes. It is a breeding experiment between two organisms that are identical hybrids for two traits.
According to the context of this question, the allele Y encodes for yellow color leaves, and y codes for green color leave. Yellow is dominant over the green. Similarly, S encodes for smooth leaves while s codes for rough seeds. Smooth is dominant over rough.
yyss is the only genotype that has a green and rough phenotype. While the possibilities that have yy in their genotypes must possess a green phenotype.
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Will someone help me fast?!
Scientists sometimes crosses paths with other fields of study, such as religion and philosophy. What is your opinion on how far science should go into these fields? Write one sentence stating your opinion and one sentence backing Your opinion
Answer:
I think scientist should not go into religion at all. When scientist go into religion they can blur facts with oppinion and that takes out the science part.
Explanation:
akfjkal
According to Kinsey's sexual behavior study, approximately
percent of
men and
percent of women had sexual intercourse by the age of 16.
Someone help me
According to Kinsey's sexual behavior study, approximately 21 percent of men and 6 percent of women had sexual intercourse by the age of 16. (Please mark me brainliest! thank you in advance!!)
Read the following passage and construct a flow chart:
Exercise begins with skeletal muscle contraction, an active process that requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy. A small amount of ATP is present in the muscle when contraction begins. This ATP can be used and replenished to fuel about 15 seconds of intense exercise, after which point the muscle must generate more ATP through the process of cellular respiration. During cellular respiration, oxygen is used up when it combines with hydrogen to form water (oxidative phosphorylation). Thus, as a muscle's metabolism increases during exercise, the concentration of oxygen in the tissue decreases, while temperature, acid, and CO2 increase. These factors and the homeostatic sensors that detect them send out signals that result in local vasodilation, which shunts bloodflow from inactive tissues to the exercising muscles, where it is needed.
Drag and drop each of the following terms to form a flow chart.
Person starts to exercise
Oxygen sensors cause local blood cell vessels to dilate
Skeletal muscle metabolism increase
Skeletal muscle oxygen demand increase
Blood delivery to the skeletal muscle increases is order to provide more oxygen
Solution :
A flowchart may be defined as the diagram which represents the process or the workflow of any process. It is the step by step approach to solve or to do the process.
In the context, the the sequence of each of the terms to form a flowchart is :
1. Person starts exercising.
2. The metabolism of the skeletal muscle increases.
3. The demand for oxygen for the skeletal muscle increases.
4. The oxygen sensors causes the local blood cell vessels to dilate.
5. For providing more of oxygen, the blood flow to the skeletal muscle increases.
A red blood cell has a salt concentration of 0.9%. What will happen if it is placed into
a 0.8% salt solution? The red blood cell will
burst
remain the same
shrink then grow
shrink
Answer:
Shrink
Explanation:
The blood cell would shrink because of osmosis. The molecules move with the concentration gradient so water molecules will move outside of the cell where there is less water than inside of the cell.
Blood cells are the main constituents of the circulatory system and carry the most vital function of oxygen transportation. Blood cells have a specific concentration and osmotic pressure to remain vital.
The correct answer is:
Option D. Shrink.
This can be explained as:
Cells have a tendency to shrink in hypertonic solutions while swells in hypotonic solutions.0.8% of the salt solution will act as a hypertonic solution and the RBC placed in it will shrink.When cells are placed in hypertonic solution it loses their water content to the outside surface and hence shrink.Therefore when the red blood cells are placed in 0.8% salt solution they will shrink.
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explain why it is an advantage for plants to store carbohydrates as starch rather than as sugars
Answer:
More energy are packed into less space by starch molecules far more than glucose or sucrose yet they are able to release this energy easily, hence maximizing both storage and mobilization.
Explanation:
When plants have a period of dormancy to survive, they store their food as starch. They store enough of this energy so as to be able to restart with and to be able to maintain metabolism for the entire period of dormancy.
In addition, we know that starch is not water soluble, hence, lacks the ability to pull water into storage cells or cause irregularity in water balance. More energy are packed into less space by starch molecules far more than glucose or sucrose yet they are able to release this energy easily, hence maximizing both storage and mobilization.
Glucose is not directly transported by plants to storage. Rather, in a plant stem, the form of carbohydrate being transported is sucrose and this is because it is a non-reducing and does not react with oxygen during transport in the stem to specialized storage plastids.
It is advantageous for plants to store carbohydrates as starch rather than as sugars because:
sugars such as sucrose, fructose, and glucose are soluble and cannot be stored in the body of plant.as such, plants have to find a way to store their food reservesone way to store the food would be to store them in less soluble form that cannot be washed away easily and can also be converted to usable forms when needed.Hence, starch provides for that option. Cellulose could also have been a choice, but its structure makes it such that it becomes a permanent part of the plant and cannot be converted to usable food anymore.Hence, it is advantageous to store carbohydrates as starch by plant rather than sugars because starch cannot be washed away easily and can also be converted to usable foods when needed.
More on starch can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/14278135
One of the following is not a function of proteins:
Select one:
a. Catalysis as Enzymes
b. Transport of proteins
c. Protection as antibodies
d. Regulation of hormones
2. Write a word equation for the process of photosynthesis.
3. Why do plants test positive for starch?
Veronica has a Hitchhiker’s thumb, but neither of her parents do. She also has a different skin tone than her parents, she likes different foods than they do, and she will probably end up taller than both of them. Scientists think that differences between closely related people are
1. Entirely a result of genetic factors.
2. Entirely a result of environmental factors.
3. Due to both genetic and environmental factors.
Answer:
3. Due to both genetic and environmental factors.
Which of the following best explains the difference between autotrophs and
heterotrophs?
A Heterotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food and autotrophs are organisms that
must consume or break down other organisms for food.
B Autotrophs are consumers and heterotrophs are producers.
C Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food and heterotrophs are organisms that
must consume or break down other organisms for food.
D Heterotrophs live in terrestrial ecosystems only and autotrophs can live in terrestrial or aquatic
ecosystems.
Answer:
C. Autotrophs (plants) are organisms that can produce their own food and heterotrophs (animals) are organisms that must consume or break down other organisms for food.
why do we commonly see isotherms on local weather broadcasts?
Explanation:
Isotherms are lines of constant or equal temperature. They are often used on weather maps by meteorologists to give a large scale view of temperatures across the U.S. If you have ever looked at a weather map in a newspaper, the isotherms are used to divide the color-filled temperatures.
PLEASE NEED YOUR HELP ASAPPPPPPPP PLEASE
In the laboratory, a genetics student crossed flies with normal, long wings to flies with mutant, dumpy wings, which she believed was a recessive trait. In the F1, all flies had long wings. In the F2, the following results were obtained: 672 long-winged flies 218 dumpy-winged flies The student tested the hypothesis that the dumpy wing is inherited as a recessive trait by performing chi-square analysis of the F2 data.
Determine:
a. Chi-Square Value.
b. Degrees of freedom.
c. Reject or fail to reject the hypothesis.
Answer:
a. Chi-Square Value = 0.12
b. Degrees of freedom = 1
c. Reject or fail to reject the hypothesis = fail to reject the hypothesis
Explanation:
Available data:
Cross: long wings to flies with mutant, dumpy wingsF1) 100% long-winged fliesF2) 672 long-winged flies 218 dumpy-winged flies Hypothesis: the dumpy wing is inherited as a recessive traitLet us name the allele for Long L and the allele for dumpy l
The number of observed individuals:
Total number: 890 flies (672 + 218) Long-winged = 672 Dump-winged = 218In the F2 generation, if l was a recessive allele and L a dominant allele, exhibiting complete dominance, we would expect a 3:1 phenotypic ratio.
Cross: Ll x Ll
Gametes) L l L l
Punnett square) L l
L LL Ll
l lL ll
F2) 3/4 LL + Ll long-winged individuals
1/4 ll dump-winged individuals
From this ratio and the total number of individuals in the F2 generation, we can get the expected number of individuals:
4 possible genotypes ------- 890 individuals
3 LL + Ll genotype ------------X = 667.5 long-winged individuals
1 ll genotype ---------------------X = 222.5 dump-winged individuals
Chi square = ∑ (O-E)²/E
LL + Ll = (O-E)² /E
LL+ Ll = (672 - 667.5) ² / 667.5
LL + Ll = 0.03
ll= (O-E)²/E
ll= (218 - 222.5)² / 222.5
ll= 0.09
Chi square= ∑ ((O-E)²/E) = 0.03 + 0.09 = 0.12 Freedom Degrees = genotypes - alleles = 3 - 2 = 1 Significance level = 0.05 Table value/Critical value = 3.84
0.12 < 3.84 meaning that there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
Fail to reject the hypothesis. The genotypes in the population might be in equilibrium H-W. L is the dominant allele, and l is the recessive allele. The dumpy wing is inherited as a recessive trait.
Chromosomes pull apart and move toward opposite ends of the cell during which stage of meiosis II?
O prophase II
O metaphase II
O anaphase II
telophase II
Please help with questions 4 to 11 for 75 points!!!
Thank you :D
Answer:
1 .Atom goes to C
2.Proton goes to A
3. Neutron goes to b
Question 4:Protons are a type of subatomic particle with a positive charge. ... Protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass, but they are both much more massive than electrons (approximately 2,000 times as massive as an electron). The positive charge on a proton is equal in magnitude to the negative charge on an electron
Question 5:Atoms are the basic building blocks of ordinary matter. Atoms can join together to form molecules, which in turn form most of the objects around you. ... The protons and neutrons cluster together in the central part of the atom, called the nucleus, and the electrons 'orbit' the nucleus.
Question6:Thomson's model of the atom in 1897 shows that the atom was a sphere of matter, wherein the electrons are mixed inside it. This model does not show the protons and the neurons. On the contrary, the current model that was proposed by Niels Bohr gives us a clearer representation of the structure of an atom.
Question 7:its mass number A is 23.
Question 8: 1 i found the number because hydrogen only has 1 atom so yuh..
I will answer the rest in the comennts:)
Explanation:
The kingdom Eubacteria is so called as they have a "True" nucleus.
True
False