1)Coenzymes are organic compounds that many enzymes require for catalytic activity.The correct option (b) Coenzyme
2)The cytochrome complex, or cyt c, is a tiny hemeprotein found loosely connected with the mitochondrion's inner membrane. The correct option (b) Cytochrome C
What is coenzyme and its function?
A coenzyme is an organic molecule that binds to the active sites of specific enzymes to aid in reaction catalysis. Coenzymes, in particular, can act as intermediate carriers of electrons during these processes or be transmitted as functional groups across enzymes.
What is the function of cytochrome c?
Cytochrome c is well recognized for its role in the mitochondria as a vital player in the life-sustaining process of ATP production. When a cell is exposed to an apoptotic stimulus, cytochrome c is released into the cytoplasm, resulting in programmed cell death by apoptosis.
Learn more about coenzyme to visit this link
https://brainly.com/question/29386956
#SPJ4
Full Question :In the respiratory cascade there are two steps where electrons must be carried from one respiratory complex to another respiratory complex. Which ONE of the following choices lists 1) a lipid soluble electron carrier and 2) a water soluble electron carrier that each carry electrons from one respiratory complex to another?
a. 1) NADH 2) Cytochrome C
b. 1) Cytochrome C 2) Iron Sulfur protein
c. 1) Coenzyme Q 2) Cytochrome C
d. 1) NADH 2) FADH2
e. 1) Iron Sulfur protein 2) Coenzyme Q
Which of the following occurs first when voltage reaches the threshold level in a neuron plasma membrane? (a) voltageactivated Na + channels open (b) K+ channels open (c) the membrane hyperpolarizes (d) neurotransmitter is released
(e) K+ channels close
Voltageactivated Na + channels open is the following occurs first when voltage reaches the threshold level in a neuron plasma membrane.
What takes place when a neuron reaches its threshold?A substantial inflow of sodium ions results from the threshold potential opening voltage-gated sodium channels. Depolarization is the name given to this stage. Depolarization causes the inside of the cell to become increasingly electropositive as the voltage approaches the electrochemical equilibrium for sodium, which is +61 mV.
The plasma membrane of a neuron's threshold level?The threshold potential is typically a membrane potential between -50 and -55 mV, however it can change depending on a number of variables. Sodium and potassium ions can change a neuron's resting membrane potential (-70 mV) to change whether or not it will cross the threshold.
To know more about neuron's threshold level visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/17564737
#SPJ4
how is the structure of an arteriole different from that of an artery
the structure of an arteriole different from an artery is that Arteries are composed of thicker muscular walls whereas Arterioles are composed of comparatively thinner muscular walls.
what is an arteriole?
Arterioles are tiny blood veins that branch off of arteries. Arterioles have a smaller diameter than arteries. This diameter is changed to control blood flow. The wall thickness is likewise smaller than that of arteries.
what is an artery?
Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart. The heart uses pressure to pump blood. As a result, arteries contain high-pressure blood so arteries are composed of thick muscular walls to tolerate the pressure. Arteries have a comparatively higher diameter than arterioles.
To know more about arteriole and artery, check out:
https://brainly.com/question/22713034
#SPJ1
which are the main stages of the cell cycle?
Answer:
The cell cycle is composed of interphase (G₁, S, and G₂ phases), followed by the mitotic phase (mitosis and cytokinesis), and G₀ phase.
Explanation:
May I have Brainliest please? My next rank will be the highest one: A GENIUS! Please help me on this journey to become top of the ranks! I only need 10 more brainliest to become a genius! I would really appreciate it, and it would make my day! Thank you so much, and have a wonderful rest of your day!
the process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream is called:
The process is called as absorption that generally causes the medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.
The maximum not unusual place mechanism of absorption for tablets is passive diffusion. This procedure may be defined via the Fick regulation of diffusion, wherein the drug molecule actions in step with the awareness gradient from a better drug awareness to a decrease awareness till equilibrium is reached.
Absorption is the procedure via way of means of which a drug enters the bloodstream. There are many feasible routes of administration, however the maximum not unusualplace are intravenous and oral. If a drug is run intravenously, the absorption section is skipped because the drug at once enters circulation.
Read more about Absorption :
https://brainly.com/question/26061959
#SPJ4
An organism is born with a mutation that results in ATP synthase (See figure) being entirely hydrophilic. Which of the following is likely to result from this mutation?
- The mutation will result in a severe decrease in the production of ATP leading to death.
- The mutation will prevent glycolysis from occurring within the organism.
- All of the above
An organism is born with a mutation that results in ATP synthase being entirely hydrophilic, the mutation will result in a severe decrease in the production of ATP leading to death.
With some of its subunits being water soluble and others being essential membrane proteins, the ATP synthase is attached to the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
F1 (factor 1) and Fo are the two distinct parts of the mitochondrial ATP synthase (a factor that confers sensitivity to oligomycin). A proton turbine (inside Fo) and a molecular machine (F1) that uses rotational energy to create ATP from ADP and phosphate make up the reversible molecular motor known as the ATP synthase. The flow of protons along a potential gradient across the mitochondrial membrane produced by the electron transport chain during respiration drives the proton turbine.
Learn more about ATP synthase at:
https://brainly.com/question/28778173
#SPJ4
The ability of the arteries to withstand a sudden large increase in pressure is accomplished by the?.
The flexibility of the smooth muscles allows the arteries to sustain a rapid, significant rise in pressure.
What makes an artery resilient to pressure?They have an outer layer of collagen and a thick wall to prevent the artery from rupturing under the intense pressure. In order to maintain pulse flow, the artery wall also has an inner layer of muscle and elastic fibers.
What property makes arteries resistant to high pressure?The aorta and pulmonary arteries, which are the closest to the heart, are elastic arteries because they have much more elastic tissue in the tunica media than muscular arteries do. The elastic arteries' ability to maintain a relatively constant pressure gradient despite the heart's continuous pumping is due to this property.
To know more about arteries visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/27244840
#SPJ4
from the data shown in figure 2, which statement best explains the relationship between stra6 and holo-rbp concentration in retinol release
As the ratio of holo-RBP to STRA6 increases, less retinol is released.
Fluorescence is binding, not release, which is why there is more fluorescence. As the molar ratio of holo-RBP to STRA6 decreases, retinol release increases. You can see that 0.5uM holo-RBP had more retinol release, so less relative retinol fluorescence, than 4uM holo-RBP, so a lower molar ratio of holo-RBP is related to an increase in retinol release. Retinol fluorescence was similar under STRA6 alone and STRA6/LRAT conditions when the holo-RBP to STRA6 molar ratio was low (0.5 μM holo-RBP). When the membranes were incubated with 4 μM holo-RBP, the fluorescence of retinol in the STRA6 condition alone was higher than that in the STRA6/LRAT condition, indicating that as the molar ratio of holo-RBP to STRA6 increases, STRA6 becomes more dependent on LRAT for retinol release.
To learn more about retinol click here https://brainly.com/question/8540401
#SPJ4
Which serum value is a reflection of the effectiveness of the kidney’s ability to properly maintain serum metabolic ph?.
The capability of the kidney to sustain a healthy serum metabolic ph Bicarbonate (HCO3-).
Which blood number reflects how well the kidneys are able to maintain the right level of serum metabolic pH?
For each (H+) molecule produced into the renal tubular fluid during acid excretion, bicarbonate (HCO3-) is returned to the blood concurrently at the glomerulus.
How do the kidneys function to keep the blood's pH at a normal level?- The kidneys retain bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), which serve as an essential buffer for hydrogen ions (H+) in the blood, and expel a varying amount of hydrogen ions (H+) into the urine. These two actions assist in controlling blood pH.
To know more about serum metabolic ph visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/29662053
#SPJ4
87) the transduction pathway that activates systemic acquired resistance in plants is initially signaled by a) antisense rna. b) pfr phytochrome. c) salicylic acid. d) abscisic acid. e) red, but not far-red, light.
The correct option is C : Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant defense hormone that is essential for both local and systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a type of induced resistance that occurs throughout a plant following exposure to elicitors from virulent, avirulent, or nonpathogenic microorganisms, as well as artificial chemical stimuli such as chitosan or salicylic acid (SA)
Plant immune systems rely on their capacity to identify adversary chemicals, transmit signals, and respond defensively via processes involving several genes and their products.
Pathogens aggressively try to dodge and disrupt response pathways, favoring a decentralized, multicomponent immune system.
Learn more about to salicylic acid visit here;
https://brainly.com/question/13650518
#SPJ4
Following delivery of the placenta, the mother is experiencing vaginal bleeding. After massaging the uterine fundus and allowing the mother to breastfeed, the bleeding stops. This occurred because:
Select one:
A. a portion of the placenta was retained in the uterus.
B. these actions simulate the production of oxytocin and cause uterine contraction.
C. uterine massage increases blood flow to the uterus.
D. breastfeeding causes uterine blood vessels to dilate.
After massaging the uterine fundus and allowing the mother to breastfeed, the bleeding stops as these actions stimulate the production of oxytocin and cause uterine contraction. The correct option to this question is B.
The discharge of blood and mucus that begins after birth is referred to as vaginal postpartum hemorrhage or lochia. Bleeding after giving birth is common and natural: Your body is removing all the additional blood, mucus, and tissue it accrued over your pregnancy. You will consequently suffer postpartum bleeding whether you had a vaginal delivery or a C-section.
Lochia often weighs more and lasts longer than a menstrual cycle. Additionally, it contains some elements that you won't find in a typical menstrual period, such as uterine mucus and tissue, primarily from the area where the placenta was attached.
For more information on postpartum bleeding kindly visit to
https://brainly.com/question/28414395
#SPJ4
why can the construction of wildlife corridors help maintain genetic diversity in a fragmented landscape?
Small and dispersed wild populations can increase gene flow with the help of wildlife corridors.
By conserving potentially vulnerable local populations in the wild, this is crucial for preserving biodiversity and has shown to significantly increase species richness. A "wildlife corridor" is a place in the environment that serves as a route for individuals to move between wild species in order to maintain connectedness between them. These passageways are frequently vegetated habitats that allow for movement while posing a lower risk of predator attack than open lands. The dimensions, shapes, lengths, and composition of wildlife corridors vary.
Learn more about wildlife using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/28663131
#SPJ4
what is name of the motif/domain that function to promote the dna-binding activity of many transcriptional activator proteins?
A zinc finger DNA-binding motif is common to many transcription factors in the human genome.
The first zinc finger motifs were identified in the structure of Xenopus transcription factor IIIA in 1985. This motif consists of a relatively short α-helix and a two-stranded antiparallel β-sheet.
Proteins has unique features, They binds to DNA as homodimers or heterodimers and recognize DNA through one of a small number of structural motifs. Their are other common motifs in transcriptional activator proteins that include the helix-turn-helix, the homeodomain, the leucine zipper, the helix-loop-helix, and zinc fingers of many types.
To learn more about zinc finger motifs , here
brainly.com/question/13982981
#SPJ4
the forest-dwelling ogiek, who live outside the direct control of the government of kenya, formed a nongovernmental organization (ngo) to seek aid in protecting their rights to their land and way of life. they might be known as what kind of group?
The forest-dwelling ogiek, who live outside of the Kenyan government's direct supervision, defending their rights to their property and way of life. They could be classified as an ethnic group.
Native forest-dwelling people, commonly known as tribals, make up roughly half of those displaced by large projects despite making up only around 8% of India's population, according to the country's top tribal rights activist. According to Madhuri Krishnaswamy, also known as Madhuri Ben (sister), an ethnic group who has been fighting for the rights of tribal people in Barwani Peoples, the majority of tribal people are marginal farmers who cultivate land that is only fed by rainfall (lacks irrigation) and cannot sustain them for more than a few months out of the year.
Learn more about forest-dwelling here
https://brainly.com/question/10419632
#SPJ4
What are the four classes of large organic molecules important to life on earth?.
Answer:
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Explanation:
During an intense workout, martin is pretty sure his body released endorphins. Why is he most likely to reach this conclusion?.
most likely to reach this conclusion.He felt content and at ease because endorphins are happy and calming.
Your body produces endorphin-related compounds when you exercise. These endorphins interact with the brain's pain-relieving receptors to lessen your experience of discomfort. They are produced in your brain, spinal cord, and many other sections of your body, and are released in reaction to chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters.Three endogenous opioid peptides—-endorphin, -endorphin, and -endorphin—make up the endorphin class. The precursor protein proopiomelanocortin is the source of all endorphins, and all of them have the Met-enkephalin motif Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met at their N-terminus. The proteolytic cleavage of -endorphin between the residues Thr(16)-Leu(17) and Leu(17)-Phe(18), respectively, yields -endorphin and -endorphin. The sequence of -endorphin is the shortest, and -endorphin is the longest.
Learn more about endorphin using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/10951896
#SPJ4
Eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants are classified in a catch-all category called.
Answer:
protist
Explanation:
A protist is a category of eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, or fungi.
which diagnostic test is used for the direct visualization of ligaments, menisci, and articular surgaces of joints
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables a noninvasive, three-dimensional assessment of the entire joint, simultaneously allowing the direct visualization of articular cartilage.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to create images of the body's anatomy and physiological processes. MRI scanners generate images of the organs in the body by using strong magnetic fields, magnetic field gradients, and radio waves.
An MRI system is made up of four major components: a superconducting coil-based main magnet, gradient coils, radiofrequency (RF) coils, and computer systems. Each component is subject to safety checks.
MRI machines are classified into two types: closed bore and open bore. While closed bore MRI machines produce the best images, open bore MRI machines may be more comfortable to use due to the lack of an enclosed space.
To learn more about Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), here
https://brainly.com/question/28859514
#SPJ4
The ______________ function is used to compute the number of times a particular condition is satisfied within a given range of cells.
The COUNTIF function is used to determine how frequently a specific condition is met within a specified range of cells.
The statistical function COUNTIF is used to count the number of cells within a specified range that satisfy a given criterion. To determine how many cells in the worksheet contain a number higher than or less than the one specified, use the COUNTIF formula.
For example,
=COUNTIF(A2:A5, "apples") is used to find the number of apple-containing cells in cells A2 through A5 in the excel sheet. And the outcome is found to be 2.
Therefore, the blank can be filled with COUNTIF.
To know more about the COUNTIF function:
https://brainly.com/question/13640484
#SPJ4
3. which colors are reflected and absorbed when you look through the different filter papers. which color is reflected by chlorophyll?
The colors you see on an object's surface are reflected by chlorophyll, while all other visible spectrum colors are absorbed by green when you look through the different filter papers.
Supplement makers claim that chlorophyll is full of enthusiasm entirety, boosts cardinal ancestry containers, helps with burden misfortune, cures broken skin, counteracts poisons, cuts redness, and averts malignancy. It's an influential list, but few of the claims are supported by controlled evidence.
Filter paper is a semi-penetrable paper impediment established standing to a liquid or airflow. It is used to separate fine dimensional pieces from fluids or smoke. Filter paper is too consistently named chromatography paper. Chromatography paper is clean white. Filter paper has many various types: synthetic study clean paper, qualitative drain paper, ashless winnow paper, air permeate paper, transformer lubricate penetrate paper, fuel filter paper, etc.
To know more about filter paper refer to: https://brainly.com/question/19391804
#SPJ4
List and describe the types of cellular transport
Types of cellular transport include active and passive transport.
What is cellular transport?
The passage of substances across the cell membrane is referred to as cell transport.
Types of cellular transport
Active transport is divided into pump and vesicle transport. Pump transport is of two types primary and secondary. Vesicle transport is divided into two exocytosis and endocytosis. Endocytosis is further divided into three : Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis, Receptor mediated. Passive transport is divided into three types: Simple diffusion, Osmosis and Facilitated diffusion.
To learn more about cell transport and its types click here
https://brainly.com/question/6949569
#SPJ1
Dogs have 39 chromosome pairs. Based on this information, determine which of the following is not true.
Select one:
a. the haploid number for dogs is 39
b. at the end of mitosis, a cell would have 78 chromosomes
c. meiosis doesn't occur in dogs
d. the diploid number for dogs is 78
Based on this information, the statement which is not true is: meiosis doesn't occur in dogs.
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is the process through which cells divide to produce gametes (egg and sperm).
In canine species, the early stages of development follow a fairly distinct pattern. The meiotic cycle resumes in the oviduct after oocytes are fertilized at the germinal vesicle stage.
Eukaryotic is the term used to describe mammalian cells, including those found in canines. A dog is also considered to be a multicellular organism.
Therefore, Option C is correct.
To learn more about meiosis
Here: https://brainly.com/question/203370517
#SPJ4
The ascending portion of the loop of Henle is a. permeable to water and impermeable to sodium. b. permeable to water and permeable to sodium. c. impermeable to water and permeable to sodium d. impermeable to water and impermeable to sodium. e. the site of active transport of water.
C. impermeable to water and permeable to sodium.
Anatomy of Loop of Henle -
The loop of henle is a tubular extension of proximal convulated tubule. It is hair pin like structure consisting of a descending and an ascending loop. The loop of henle lies in close proximity to the peritubular network called vasa recta. The ascending and descending loop are themselves divided into a thick segment and thin segment. Majority of the loops of henle lie in the medullary region of the kidney.
Physiology of Urine formation in Loop of Henle -
Different segments of loop of henle have different permeability to sodium and water. As the tubular contents pass through descending loop the urine becomes hypertonic dur to selective absorption of water. While passing through the ascending segment the loop of henle selectively allows absorption of sodium due to its permeability. It leads to more and more absorption of sodium without absorption of water leading to hypotonicity of the urine. This permeability difference is favored by the counter current mechanism between the tubular flow and blood flow in vasa recta.
So the ascending portion of loop of henle is impermeable to water and permeable to sodium.
To know more about Loop of Henle visit-
https://brainly.com/question/29672625
#SPJ4
imagine a species that develops the ability to repair its dna perfectly, so that there are never any mistakes in replication. what would be the effects of this?
that replication always results in perfect copies.results from that There would be no change in genotype.
The type of variant present at a specific locus (i.e., region) in the genome is scored by what is known as a genotype. Symbols can be used to symbolise it. For illustration, BB, Bb, and bb could be used to denote a certain gene variant. The actual DNA sequence, such as CC, CT, or TT, can also serve as a representation of a genotype. In a single experiment, the genotypes at millions of locations in a genome can be determined using DNA sequencing and other techniques. Some genotypes influence a person's phenotype, or observable traits, in some ways.
learn more about genotype using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/12116830
#SPJ4
Tai grows plants in a container called a terrarium, as shown below. He keeps the terrarium on a sunny windowsill. The terrarium is closed, so Tai cannot add water to the plants. However, the plants have enough water to grow. Which of these statements best explains why the plants always have enough water?
a The air cannot hold all of the water vapor.
b Water is unable to evaporate from the soil.
c The plants take up water and store it in their stems and leaves.
d Energy from the sun cycles water through the soil, the plants, and the air.
the correct answer is D
Red blood cells contain a higher concentration of potassium than the surrounding.
Red blood cells Active transport is the term used to describe the movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to a region of higher , potassium concentration
Active transport requires in Red blood cells some cellular energy to operate. Through the active transport mechanism, potassium concentration in red blood cells is kept constant.One can observe that the bars representing the concentration of potassium ions clearly show the difference between the two zones from the graphical depiction of the concentration of various ions within and outside of the animal cell.The longer grey bar on the graph, which shows the concentration of the ion inside the animal cell, is potassium. The other bar, which is much smaller, shows the potassium ion concentration outside of the animal cell.As a result, the concentration of potassium ions inside the animal cell is substantially higher than outside.
Learn more about , Red blood cells by using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/29633534
#SPJ4
cirque de soleil's shift from animals, candy and beverage concessionaires in the aisles, and feature performers to a live theater, operatic-style format exemplifies this type of value innovation: group of answer choices reduce create eliminate raise
Cirque de soleil's shift from animals, candy and beverage concessionaires in the aisles, and feature performers to a live theater, operatic-style format exemplifies this type of value innovation eliminate.
The ERRC or Eliminate, Reduce, Raise, Create Grid is an essential tool of blue ocean strategy. It is developed by Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne. It is a simple matrix-like tool that drives companies to focus on eliminating and reducing simultaneously, as well as on raising and creating while unlocking a new blue ocean. Innovation is creating a new process, service or product and also the action of improving. A main characteristic of an innovation is the differentiation from the preceding processes, services or products. Innovation is an important factor to improve the competitiveness of a country/company.
To learn more about blue ocean strategy visit the link- https://brainly.com/question/9022598
#SPJ4
Alleles for which pair of genes are most likely to act as though they are being inherited independently?.
The likelihood of two genes inheriting together increased depending on how close they were to one another on a chromosome.
What two alleles have the highest likelihood of inheriting each other?In close proximity to another allele is allele B. B is the right answer because alleles that are positioned close to one another on a chromosome are more likely to be inherited together.
Which parent's allele was inherited?A creature has one allele for each gene, which it receives from both parents. When both parents pass on the same allele of a gene, the resultant child is said to be homozygous (homo means "same") for that allele.
To know more about Genes visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/8832859
#SPJ4
the kern river oil field has gone through periods of boom and bust, starting with the tar mined by the yokut people to the more recent extraction of millions of barrels of crude oil annually. each period of decline in oil production was revived by .
each period of decline in oil production was revived by new innovations, increased demand, and rising oil prices.
Although the terms innovation and invention have some semantic overlap, they are actually extremely different.
A deception, a discovery, a musical composition, or anything else created out of one's mind can all be considered inventions. The definition of invention that is most frequently mistaken for innovation is "a device, contrivance, or process originated after study and experiment," which typically refers to something that has never been done before.
For its part, innovation can refer to a brand-new item or a modification made to an already-existing concept, product, or industry. The first telephone was undoubtedly an invention, the first cell phone was either an invention or an innovation, and the first smartphone was undoubtedly an advancement.
learn more about innovation using this link:
https://brainly.com/question/16054260
#SPJ4
Repeated, wavelike smooth muscle contractions in the gi tract that move food through the tract are called.
Repeated, wavelike smooth muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal tract that move food through the tract are called peristalsis.
Peristalsis is the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract which propels food(also called a bolus). This process involves the relaxation of smooth muscles and contraction of smooth muscles behind the bolus.
There are three types of peristalsis primary, secondary and tertiary peristalsis. Primary peristalsis occurs when the bolus enters the esophagus. Primary peristalsis forces the bolus to reach the stomach. Secondary peristalsis occurs when the bolus in the esophagus moves slowly or gets stuck in the esophagus.
The peristalsis process is controlled by the medulla oblongata of the brain.
To know more about Digestion-
https://brainly.com/question/2272856
#SPJ4
which of the following is known as the process of natural selection associated with a population well adapted to its environment? a. genetic polymorphism b. stabilizing selection c. balanced polymorphism d. frequency-dependent selection e. directional selection
e. directional selection the following is known as the process of natural selection associated with a population well adapted to its environment .
What did the process of natural selection become known as?Natural selection, commonly known as "survival of the fittest," is the more prolific reproduction of individuals with advantageous features who survive environmental change as a result of those traits. This results in evolutionary change, with the characteristic becoming prevalent within a population.
Natural selection requires four conditions to occur: reproduction, inheritance, change in fitness or organisms, and diversity in individual characteristics among population members.
Natural selection holds that qualities that may be handed down assist animals to adapt to their environment better than other creatures of the same species. .
learn more about natural selection refer
https://brainly.com/question/23929271
#SPJ4