As in the context of drug misuse, the following chemical types are linked to their corresponding definitions of misuse:
"Prescription drugs" should be matched with "use of drugs in greater amounts than, or for purposes other than, those prescribed by a physician or dentist." "Nonprescription drugs or chemicals" should be matched with "any use other than the use intended by the manufacturers of those chemicals."Drug misuse refers to the incorrect or harmful use of a substance, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as illegal drugs. This can include taking a higher dose than prescribed, using someone else's medication, using a drug for non-medical purposes, or combining drugs in a way that is dangerous. Drug misuse can lead to negative health consequences and may also contribute to the development of a substance use disorder.
Prescription drugs (not in the context of misuse) are medications that are prescribed by a healthcare professional and are intended for use in the treatment of a specific medical condition.
Nonprescription drugs, also known as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, (not in the context of misuse) are substances that are available for purchase without a prescription. They are used to treat common health issues, such as pain or a headache, but can also be abused. Chemicals refer to any substance, whether natural or man-made, that can be used for a specific purpose, including but not limited to drugs.
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a reaction -----is a chemical species that is formed and consumed in a reaction but does not appear in the overall chemical equation.
Intermediates are the reaction product of one elementary step, but do not appear in the chemical equation for an overall chemical equation.
What is chemical equation?
They are equations that make use of chemical formulae and symbols to represent chemical reactions. The left-hand side of a chemical equation represents the reactants and the right-hand side represents the products.Reactants are converted to products, and the process is symbolized by a chemical equation. For example, iron (Fe) and sulfur (S) combine to form iron sulfide (FeS). Fe(s) + S(s) → FeS(s) The plus sign indicates that iron reacts with sulfur.Chemical equations in chemistry are used as symbolic representations of chemical reactions in which the reactants and the products are written in terms of their respective chemical formulae.
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for a given reaction, kc is the equilibrium constant based on the molar of reactants and products while kp is the equilibrium constant based on the partial of reactants and products.T/F
The statement is true that for a given reaction, kc is the equilibrium constant based on the molar of reactants and products while kp is the equilibrium constant based on the partial of reactants and products.
Kp And Kc are the equilibrium constant of an ideal gaseous mixture.Kp is equilibrium constant used when equilibrium concentrations are expressed in atmospheric pressure and Kc is equilibrium constant used when equilibrium concentrations are expressed in molarity. However, the difference between the two constants is that Kc is defined by molar concentrations, whereas Kp is defined by the partial pressures of the gasses inside a closed system.Relation between Kp and Kc depends on the change in the number of moles of gaseous reactants and products (△n).Go through the given link below to know more about equilibrium:-
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which of the following statements are true about cations? select all that are true. they are positively charged. they are negatively charged. they are formed by removing protons from a neutral atom. they are formed by adding protons to a neutral atom. they are formed by removing electrons from a neutral atom. they are formed by adding electrons to a neutral atom.
They are positively charged and they are formed by removing electrons from a neutral atom.
A cation may be defined as an atom or molecule that is positively charged.
By shedding its single valence electron, a neutral sodium atom is likely to acquire an octet in its outermost shell.
Na→Na++e−
To distinguish it from the element, the cation created in this manner, Na+, is known as the sodium ion. The second electron shell, which contains eight electrons, is the sodium ion's outermost shell. This satisfies the octet rule.
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. Scientists have developed a theory of how the universe formed. A. What is the name of this theory? (2 points) B. What happened according to this theory? (2 points) C. What is one form of evidence used to support this theory
Scientists have developed a theory of how the universe formed called the big bang (question a), which suggests the universe is expanding (question 2) and it is based on the relative temperature/light of far way celestial bodies (question 3).
What is the big bang theory?The big bang theory is a theory used to explain the origin of the universe, which is based on data from nature and astronomical observations.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the big bang theory is based on experimental and observational data and suggest the universe is continuously expanding.
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which of the following is best described by the equation H2o (I) to H2O (s) + heat
Exothermic means that the temperature rises. The following equation represents the freezing of water to make ice. H2O(l) → H2O (s) Exothermic; energy is generated as water molecules form bonds during the phase transition.
Which phase transition is an exothermic formula?An exothermic phase transition occurs when the sample loses energy (heat) to the environment. Condensation is the right answer since it is the phase transition from gas to liquid.
Condensation is the phase shift that occurs when a material transitions from a gas or vapour to a liquid. The process of condensation is exothermic.
When the energy created in an exothermic reaction is released as heat, the temperature rises.
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select the mass law(s) demonstrated by the following experimental results. experiment 1: a student heats of copper and of bromine to produce of a white compound; of bromine remains. experiment 2: a second student heats of copper and of bromine to form of a white compound; of copper remains. select all that apply: Law of multiple proportions Law of definite composition Law of mass conservation
The following experimental findings illustrate the mass laws:
1. The law of definite composition states that a compound has a definite composition if the same amounts of copper and bromine are used in both tests and the same amount of the white compound is generated.
2. Law of mass conservation: In both experiments, the amount of copper and bromine utilised is equal to the amount of white compound generated plus the amount of unreacted copper or bromine. This is known as the law of mass conservation. This demonstrates the law of mass conservation since it demonstrates that the mass of the reactants and products are equal.
3. Law of multiple proportions is not demonstrated in these experiments as only one compound is formed and the same proportion of elements is used in both experiments.
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If you were John Dalton and had never heard of a mole, which of the following would you think were possible sets of formulas for the compounds A, B, and C, respectively
Check all that apply.
-NO2, NO8, NO10
-NO, NO2, NO4
-NO4, NO10, NO5
-N2O, N2O4, N2O5
The possible sets of the formulas are NO2,NO8,NO10 and NO,NO2, NO4.
What is compound?A compound is a material that is created chemically when two or more distinct components are mixed in a specific ratio. Chemical formulas, which display the symbols of the constituent elements and the ratios in which they are combined, can be used to depict compounds.
Strong acid nitric acid (HNO3) is frequently used in laboratories. It is a white liquid that is extremely corrosive and has a strong, choke-inducing odour. Different types of nitrogen oxide, a class of extremely reactive gases that include nitrogen and oxygen, including NO2, NO4, and NO10.
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the second (si unit of time) is defined as the duration of 9192631770 cycles of the radiation corresponding to the transition between levels of the fundamental state of the cesium-133 atom.
a. true
b. false
A second is defined as the time taken by 9192631770 radiation cycles to shift the cesium-133 atom's fundamental state from one level to another (si unit of time).
Simply expressed, the study of the chemical compound that radiation, typically ionizing radiation, induces in matter is known as radiation chemistry. Common themes in the field include radiation-induced particle nucleation and growth, radiation-enhanced H 2 generation, A second is defined as the time taken by 9192631770 radiation cycles to shift the cesium-133 atom's fundamental state. And damaging effects on nuclear system chemistry. Due to its ground state electron state's [Xe] 6s1 configuration, the caesium atom's atomic term symbol is 2 S 1/2. This shows that the atom has a single unpaired electron and an overall electron spin of 1/2.
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How many electronically non-equivalent kinds of protons, and how many kinds of carbons are present in the following compound? Dont forget that cyclohexane rings can undergo ring flips. a) Kinds of protons: ____
b) Kinds of carbons: ____
The next chemical has 8 carbons and 16 different types of protons that are not electrically equivalent. Chemical compounds are materials made up of several related molecules.
Collection of atoms connected by Chemical compounds that come from various different elements. Because of this, a molecule composed of atoms from a single element is not a compound. Catenation refers to carbon's capacity to form extraordinarily lengthy chains of interconnected carbon-carbon bonds. There are enduring and powerful carbon-carbon connections. Through catenation, carbon may combine to form a wide variety of compounds. Atomic nuclei can be formed by the nuclear force joining protons and neutrons, both types of nucleons. The most common isotope of the hydrogen atom, represented by the chemical symbol "H," has a single proton as its nucleus.
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Which of the following chemicals can be made of amino acids, is stored in glands, and is secreted into the bloodstream to regulate body functions?
buffer
enzyme
antibody
hormone
Answer: Hormone
Explanation: Hormones are proteins hence being made from amino acids. They are stored in glands and regulates body functions. For example when you meet something you're scared of or something dangerous, your adrenal gland will secrete adrenaline which increases your heart rate putting you in a fight or flight situation.
Would bromoethene act as a dienophile under mild conditions?
Answer:The Diels-Alder reaction is a conjugate addition reaction of a conjugated diene to an alkene or alkyne (the dienophile) to produce a cyclohexene.
Explanation:
Bromoethene, also known as 1,2-dibromoethene or ethylene dibromide, is an unsaturated compound with a double bond between the carbon atoms. Dienophiles are molecules that can react with a diene, which is a compound with two double bonds, to form a cyclic compound through a Diels-Alder reaction.
Bromoethene is not considered a dienophile in the Diels-Alder reaction. The Diels-Alder reaction is a type of pericyclic reaction that requires a high degree of orbital symmetry between the dienophile and diene, and the double bond in bromoethene does not possess the required symmetry for this reaction. Additionally, the bromine atoms in bromoethene are electron-withdrawing and decrease the reactivity of the double bond, making it less likely to act as a dienophile.
Therefore, it is unlikely that bromoethene would act as a dienophile under mild conditions.
1.4 copy the structure of the product of the intramolecular below. identify and label possible electrophiles. which of these electrophiles will react faster with a nucleophile? why?
In determining the reactivity of an electrophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, steric hindrance plays an important factor.
According to the concept of electrophilicity, an electron-deficient atom(electrophile) is attacked by electron-rich species (nucleophile).
The extent of steric hindrance determines the rate of a reaction.
SN2 reactions occur in primary, secondary and methyl carbon electrophiles. Out of these, the unhindered methyl carbon electrophiles will react the fastest, and more hindered secondary carbon electrophiles will react the slowest. Assuming that, all the other reaction conditions used are identical in nature. SN2 reactions generally do not occur in tertiary carbon electrophiles.
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The order in which atomic orbitals are filled is based on what factor? (1 point) O The potential energy of the orbital. O The highest energy level available. O The overall energy level of the orbital. The available equivalent energy levels
The order in which atomic orbitals are filled depends on the relative energies of the subshells (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, and so on).
How are atomic orbitals filled?The energy of the orbitals in which the electrons are present is increased in this order, starting with the lowest energy orbital and working up to the highest energy orbital.Consequently, the primary quantum number (n) and azimuthal quantum number values affect the energy of orbitals (l). As a result, an orbital's energy decreases with decreasing values of (n + l).A shell has as many orbitals as the square of the primary quantum number, which is 12 = 1, 22 = 4, and 32 = 9. Three orbitals make up a p subshell, three orbitals make up a d subshell, and five orbitals make up a s subshell (l = 0).To learn more about atomic refer to:
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List the following in increasing size order (list smallest first with < between each atom) PI, X, Ar, Sr
under which of the following conditions of temperature and pressure will h2 gas be expected to behave most like an ideal gas? responses 50 k and 0.10 atm 50 k and 0.10 atm 50 k and 5.0 atm 50 k and 5.0 atm 500 k and 0.10 atm 500 k and 0.10 atm 500 k and 50 atm
H₂ gas expected to behave most like an ideal gas in condition of temperature 500 K and pressure 0.1 atm.
When temperatures and pressures are extremely high and low, real gases will behave like ideal gases. Nevertheless, actual gases are less likely to behave optimally at lower temperatures and pressures.
PV=nRT is the ideal gas equation, where P is the gas pressure.
V = Gas Volume
Gas constant: R
T = gas temperature
n = the quantity of gas moles.
When the amount of gas molecules and the intermolecular interactions between them are minimal, the ideal gas functions properly. Low pressure and high temperature make this possible.
Hydrogen gas will therefore most likely possess/behave like an ideal gas at 500 K and 0.10 atm.
Consequently, we can say that the conditions under which a sample of neon gas behaves most like an ideal gas ; 500K and 0.1 atm
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write (2y)^4 without parentheses
Answer:
16y^4
Explanation:
(2y)^4 can be written as 2^4 * y^4, which simplifies to 16y^4.
how many moles are in 301 grams of NaOH
7.5 moles are in 301 grams of NaOH
Define molar mass.
The mass of a substance in grams per mole is known as its molar mass. The periodic table contains a numerical value for molar mass that is identical to that for atomic mass; however, instead of utilizing the unit amu as is done for atomic mass, the unit for molar mass is grams/mole.
A mole is 6.02214076 x 10^23 of any chemical unit, including atoms, molecules, ions, and others. Due to the large number of atoms, molecules, or other components that make up any substance, the mole is a useful measure to utilize.
Molar mass of NaOH = 22.99 + 16.00 + 1.008
= 40.00 g/mol NaOH
To calculate moles of NaOH from 301g NaOH :
1 mole of NaOH is 40g
So 301g will be (301*1)/40
i.e. 7.5moles.
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The product of beta decay of the Manganese isotope 57Mn is...
A. 57^Cr
B. 55^V
C. 57^Fe
D. 61^Co
Answer: The product of beta decay of the Manganese isotope 57Mn is 57^Fe.
Explanation:
The outcome of the beta decay of 57Mn isotope is 57Fe. This happens because during beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus turns into a proton and emits an electron, which increases the atomic number of the nucleus by one, but keeps the atomic mass the same.
true/false. after studying how many different elements absorb x-rays, harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of that in the late th and early th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
The given statament "after studying how many distinct elements absorb x-rays, Harry discovers that the atomic number of the element is consistently proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of LAW that in the late ninetieth and early twentieth centuries hinted at the structure of the atom" is true because Harry's discovery defines the Röntgen-Kayser effect.
Harry's discovery is an example of the Röntgen-Kayser effect, which states that the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by an element is directly proportional to its atomic number. This effect was first observed by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895 and later explained by Arnold Kayser in 1902. This relationship helped early scientists understand the structure of the atom and the role of the atomic number in determining an element's properties.
"
Correct question :
after studying how many different elements absorb x-rays, harry finds that the atomic number of the element is always proportional to the square root of the wavelength of x-rays absorbed by the element, an example of the kind of LAW that in the late th and early th centuries hinted at the structure of the atom.
"
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Select the correct collusion theory explanation for changing the rate of the given chemical reaction 
The more times particles from the solute and solvent collide, the greater the rate of reaction, according to the collision theory.
What would you say about the collision theory?The collision theory states that a collision between the reacting particles is necessary for a chemical reaction to occur. The frequency of accidents has an impact on the response rate. According to the idea, responsive particles typically collide without replying.
When two bodies, such as two pool cues, a golf club and a ball, a hammer and a nail, two railroad cars when united, or a falling object and a floor, abruptly and forcefully contact, it causes a collision, also known as an impact.
It is necessary for reacting chemicals to collide, and for that collision to occur in the right direction and with sufficient energy. The collision hypothesis must meet these three conditions.
To prevent food from spoiling, refrigerate it.
- Less force is used when particles clash
A reaction solution should have inert water added.
- Less collisions occur between particles.
Utilize a piston to compress the air/fuel mixture inside an engine cylinder.
- More collisions occur between particles.
Utilize a pressure cooker to increase the boiling point of water.
- Stronger collisions between particles
grind a metal till it is very fine.
- More collisions occur between particles.
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Complete question -
Select the correct collision theory explanation for changing the rate of the given chemical reaction.
Refrigerate food to keep it from spoiling.
Add inert water to a reaction solution.
Compress the air/fuel mixture inside an engine cylinder with a piston.
Raise the boiling point of water with a pressure cooker.
Grind a metal into a fine powder.
for an experiment, you are asked to prepare a 2 m strong electrolytic solution. which of the following salts would you use? a) an alkali salt b) agbr c) pbcl2
For an experiment, you are asked to prepare a 2 m strong electrolytic solution. The salts you might use is an alkali salt.
ABOUT ALKALI SALTAlkali salts or basic salts are salts which are the result of neutralization of strong bases and weak acids.
Instead of being neutral (like some other salts), the alkaline salt is basic as the name suggests. What makes this compound basic is that the conjugate base of a weak acid hydrolyzes to form a basic solution. In Sodium carbonate, for example, the carbonate from carbonic acid hydrolyzes to form a basic solution. The chloride from hydrochloric acid in sodium chloride is not hydrolyzed, so sodium chloride is not alkaline.
The difference between basic salt and alkali is that alkali is a soluble hydroxide compound of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. Alkaline salts are salts that hydrolyze to form alkaline solutions.
Another definition of a basic salt is a salt that contains a certain amount of hydroxide and other anions. White lead [en] is an example. This is basic lead carbonate, or hydroxide lead carbonate.
This material is known for its high solubility in polar solvents.
These salts are insoluble and can be obtained through precipitation reactions.
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Give the coordination number (C.N.) of the metal ion and the number of ions per formula unit in each compound below. C.N: Ions: Potassium tris(oxalato)chromate(II) Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II) cobalt in above compound manganese in above compound Diamminediaquabromochloroaluminum nitrate
The co-ordination number of all the compounds is 6 whereas number of ions in Potassium tris(oxalato)chromate(II) is 4 and number of ions in Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II) is 7 and the number of ions in Diamminediaquabromochloroaluminum nitrate is 2.
Coordination number in chemistry is defined as the number of atoms, ions, or molecules that a central atom or ion holds as its nearest neighbours in a complex or coordination compound or in a crystal.
1) Potassium tris(oxalato)chromate(II)
K₃[Cr(C₂O₄)₃]
3K⁺ + [Cr(C₂O₄)₃]³⁻
= 4 ions
2) Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) pentacyanoiodomanganate(II)
[Co(en)₃]₄ [Mn(CN)₅I]₃
4 [Co(en)₃]³⁺ + 3 [Mn(CN)₅I]⁴₋
= 7 ions
3) Diamminediaquabromochloroaluminum nitrate
[Al(H₂O)₂(NH₃)₂BrCl] NO₃
[Al(H₂O)₂(NH₃)₂BrCl]⁺ + NO₃⁻
= 2 ions
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neutral compounds of boron may be described as electron deficient based on its electron configuration predict how many covalent bonds boron will form is this the maximum number of bonds boron will form
Many covalent bonds boron will form is this the maximum number of bonds boron will form we can expect boron to form three bonds since it has three valence electrons.
Since it takes one electron from each atom to form a single bond, we can expect boron to form three bonds since it has three valence electrons. We can see this in the molecule borane BH3. Here, boron forms three covalent bonds, using all three of its valence electrons in single bonds to the hydrogens.the second electron shell has a maximum occupancy of eight electrons. This means that there’s a space for two more electrons in the second electron shell. Since boron only has three valence electrons, it can only form three covalent bonds maximum.
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Raj is using rubbing alcohol to clean his typewriter. What is he MOST likely using it for?
Answer:
Dust And Grime
Explanation:
Guessing you do 7th grade k12 to
in this exercise, you will interpret how to read a safety data sheet (sds) by listing the basic information provided on a sds. Use the Internet to find the SDS for regular bleach (sodium hypochlorite, 4-6%)
A safety data sheet is a document which contains information regarding occupational safety and health hazards pertaining to a certain chemical product.
A variety of data is listed on the safety data sheet which can be used as and when required. The data that can be read from the safety data sheet include Chemical Product and Company Identification, Composition, Information on Ingredients, Hazards Identification, First Aid Measures, Fire Fighting Measures, Accidental Release Measures, Handling and Storage, Exposure Controls, Personal Protection, Physical and Chemical Properties, Stability and Reactivity , Toxicological Information, Ecological Information, Disposal Considerations, Transport Information, Regulatory Information, etc. The more recent Safety Data Sheet format is internationally standardised, unlike the older MSDS formats, which might vary from source to source within a nation according on national restrictions.
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As of moon august 27, in average 2.0 ft of rain fell across the greater Huston area and southeast Texas measuring roughly 22,000 square miles. Calculate the volume of rain water in cubic meters.
According to the information, it can be inferred that the volume of rain that falls in this area is: 43,997. 64ft³
How to calculate the volume of water in this area?To calculate the volume of water that rains in the greater Huston area and southeast Texas we must multiply the value of the 3 sides of the cube (height, width, length):
2ft * 148.32ft * 148.32ft = 43,997. 64ft³According to the above, the volume of rain that falls in the greater Huston area and southeast Texas, would be 43,997.64 ft³
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A small speck of carbon the size of a pinhead contains about 2×1019 atoms, the diameter of a carbon atom is 1.5×10−10 m, and the circumference of the earth at the equator is 40,075 km. How many times around the earth would the atoms from this speck of carbon extend if they laid side by side?
Answer:
233.3 times
Explanation:
The diameter of a carbon atom is 1.5 x 10^-10 meters, so the circumference of a carbon atom is pi x diameter = 3.14 x 1.5 x 10^-10 m = 4.71 x 10^-10 m
If you have 2 x 10^19 atoms in a small speck of carbon and all the atoms laid side by side, the total circumference of all the atoms would be 2 x 10^19 x 4.71 x 10^-10 = 9.42 x 10^9 meters.
The circumference of the earth at the equator is 40,075 km, so that is 40,075 x 1000 = 40,075,000 meters.
Divide the total circumference of all the atoms by the circumference of the Earth:
9.42 x 10^9 m / 40,075,000 m = 233.3 times
Therefore, the atoms from this speck of carbon would extend around the Earth 233.3 times if they laid side by side.
what kind of bond is at the arrow in the figure?
- peptide bond - double covalent bond - ionic bond - disulfide bridge - hydrogen bond
The kind of bond at the arrow is peptide bond.
What is peptide bond?The carboxyl group of one amino acid is connected to the amino group of another amino acid by a chemical interaction known as a peptide bond. Two or more amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds to form the final molecule, known as a peptide.
A peptide bond is most likely shown by the arrow in the illustration. The amino acids in a protein or peptide chain are joined together by a sort of covalent connection known as a peptide bond, which develops between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another. The covalent link between the nitrogen and carbon atoms is an amide bond.
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At a resting pulse rate of 77 beats per minute, the human heart typically pumps about 67 mL of blood per beat. Blood has a
density of 1060 kg/m^3?. Circulating all of the blood in the body through the heart takes about I min for a person at rest.
1. Approximately how much blood is in the body? Volume of blood in body: m^3
2. On average, what mass of blood does the heart pump with each heart beat?
Mass per heart beat: kg
1. 5005 ml blood is in the body. 2. On average, 68.9gram of blood does the heart pump with each heart beat.
What is density ?The term density is defined as the ratio of mass and volume. It is represented by the formula density = mass / volume.
Given :
1. Density of blood = 1060 kg/m^3
At a resting pulse rate of 77 beats per minute, the human heart typically pumps about 65 mL of blood per beat. Circulating all the blood in the body through the heart takes about 1 min for a person at rest
Since we are given that heart beats per minute = 77
And Heart pumps about 65 mL of blood per beat
Therefore, blood in the body is 77 × 65 = 5005 ml
2. mass = volume × density
Then, mass of blood does the heart pump with each heart beat
= volume × density
mass = 65ml × 1060 kg/m^3
mass = 68.9gram
Thus, 1. 5005 ml blood is in the body. 2. On average, 68.9gram of blood does the heart pump with each heart beat.
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the mechanism through which local anesthetics reduce pain is selective blockade of blank .multiple choice question.chloride, cl-, ionsfluoride, f-, channelspotassium, or k , ionssodium, or na , channels
The mechanism through which local anesthetics reduce pain is selective blockade of Sodium, or Na+, channels.
The subunit of voltage-gated Na+ channels is targeted by local anesthetics, which blocks the channels and stops nerve impulses from being generated or transmitted. As a result, the incoming pulse of depolarization along the nerve is stopped dead in its tracks because Na+ ions cannot enter the cell. proportion of ionized local anesthetic molecules. In a split second, ionization to unionization occurs in molecules of local anesthetic. It has been shown in several clinical investigations that the addition of sodium bicarbonate to a clinical nerve block can have a variable effect, however this does not always translate to a quicker start of anesthesia.
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