in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts, an auditor most likely reviews the entity’s aging of receivables to support management’s financial statement assertion of

An agent can be defined as a negotiator representing the interests of another party. The Option A is correct.

Basically, an agent refers to someone that is given permission to act on an individual's behalf and may do so in a variety of capacities. This permission could include selling a home, executing a will, managing a sports career, managing an acting career, being a business representative etc.

An agents often have an expertise in a specific industry and are more knowledgeable about that industry's ins and outs than the average person. For example, a music agent can guide you through getting a record deal, signing record contracts, arranging your touring schedule etc.

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the factors of stability that make up political risk unit of measure strength against shocks and shock themselves.

Political risk is the risk that investors, firms, and governments face when political actions, events, or situations have a major impact on a business actor's profitability or the projected value of a specific economic activity. Political risk may be understood and handled via careful planning and investment.

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When the newspapers report about the miscommunication, it can be identified as accuracy, which is sought as an advantage of written communication techniques.

Written communication can be referred to or considered as the form of communication, which is done through writing or printing as a form of exchange of messages between at least two parties. There are various merits as well as disadvantages of written communication. One of the advantages is the accuracy of the information being presented by either of the parties.

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Calculate the estimated inventory at the end of August, assuming a gross profit ratio of 30%: It is $93,700. Calculate the estimated inventory at the end of August, assuming a markup on the cost of 25%. It is $69,600.

The gross profit approach uses current-period data on net sales and the cost of products available for sale along with the company's business gross profit percentage to estimate the value of estimated inventory. Net sales minus cost of goods sold = gross profit.

The basic formula is that ending estimated inventory equals beginning inventory + net purchases with fewer COGS. The ending inventory of the previous period is your starting inventory. The products you have purchased but also added to your stock count are the net purchases.

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Average assets are equal to (Begging assets + Ending assets) / 2. Average Assets = (678000 + 895000) /2 =  786500

Net sales are equal to Average Assets times Asset Turnover.

Net sales equals 0.40 x 786.500 = 314,600.

Finally, it is selling for a significant percentage of its total asset worth. Depending on the company model, a number between 0.25 and 0.5 is considered to be favourable for enterprises.

According to one interpretation of the asset turnover ratio, the ratio gauges how well a business utilises its assets to generate sales. A larger ratio is preferable since it shows that assets are being used more effectively. A lower ratio, on the other hand, shows that the organisation is not utilising its resources as effectively.

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The distance between the firm and the closest big city is roughly 30 miles. if you assess whether you should establish a second salon there. A decision of location

The best employees are difficult to find and keep, and many of them are very conscious of their location to achieve the ideal work-life balance. The performance of a business over the long run can be greatly improved by wise location choices. Loss of talent, productivity, and capital can cost poor ones millions of dollars.

Location strategy, expressed simply, is a strategy that involves identifying your company's goals and then choosing the best location to help you reach them. There are numerous elements to take into account, thus selecting a new place should be accompanied by a thorough analysis.

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'The concept of identifying customer needs; understanding and influencing customer behavior through ongoing communication strategies in an effort to acquire, retain, and satisfy the customer is known as customer relationship management.

Customer relationship management is the process by which a company or other organization manages its interactions with customers, typically using data analytics to go through large amounts of information.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is the technology for managing all relationships and interactions between a business and its customers and prospects. Our goal is simple. to improve business relations. CRM systems help businesses stay connected with customers, streamline processes, and improve profitability.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is the combination of practices, strategies, and technologies companies use to manage and analyze customer interactions and data throughout the customer lifecycle. The goal is to improve customer service relationships, support customer retention, and drive revenue growth.

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Out of the choices provided above, it can be concluded to state that the efficient scale is quantity of output that minimizes the average total costs of the firm. Therefore, the option A holds true.

The average total costs can be referred to or considered as the summation of all the costs incurred by a producer in the process of production of its goods and/or services. It is the aggregate of the fixed costs as well as the variable costs of the firm, which show the efficiency of the firm during a given particular period.

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A macro-level, long-term planning tool is resource needs planning (RRP). A long-range materials plan called the materials requirement plan (MRP) transforms information from the MPS's end-item list into a list of time-phased component and part requirements.

The materials requirement plan (mrp) is a long-range materials plan that converts information regarding end-items in the mps into a set of time-phased component and part requirements

What is materials requirement plan?

A technique called MRP is used to schedule manufacturing production. With the aim of satisfying customer needs and boosting overall productivity, it recognizes necessary materials, estimates amounts, predicts when items will be required to match the production plan, and manages supply scheduling.

The three fundamental inputs of an MRP system (BOM)

Master Production Schedule (MPS),

Inventory Status File (ISF), and

Bill of Materials (BOM)

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Let's take a look at a 5% corporate bond with five years until maturity and the usual semi-annual coupon payments. The bond currently yields 3% each year (or 1.5% every other year, if compounding effects are ignored to keep things simple). The bond costs $109.22, which is also its present value.

On an Excel spreadsheet, the PV function can be used to quickly compute the present value, as

=PV(1.5%,10,-2.50,-100). Alternatively, enter i=1.5%, n=10, PMT=-2.5, FV=-100 into a financial calculator.

After that, an arbitrager would sell the bond to Trader Tom for $105, while concurrently purchasing it elsewhere for $104.49, earning $0.51 in risk-free profit for every $100 of principle. The chance for an arbitrage would vanish shortly either because Trader Tom would realise his mistake and re-price the bond yield at 4%.

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No, the official is not correct in denying request, stating when they release ball to thrower.

An official is someone who participates in the exercise of authority (either their own or that of one‘s superior and/or employer, public or legally private), holds an office (function or mandate, regardless of whether it comes with an actual working space) within a company, government, or other organization. A person who has been elected into office is said to be an elected official. Ex officio appointments are another option for officials (by virtue of another office, often in a specified capacity, such as presiding, advisory, secretary). It's possible to inherit some government posts. An incumbent is a person who is currently in a position of authority. As in official language, official gazette, or official scorer, "official" indicates to something that has received acknowledgment from the government or another authorized body.

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Yes, the $10 million offer is pertinent financial information because it represents the opportunity cost the company would incur if it chose to market the product internally.

Opportunity Cost

Opportunity Cost is defined as the benefit that would have been attained if a different course of action had been taken.

Example: Need to decide between chocolate and vanilla ice cream. Choose chocolate

The opportunity cost is the pleasure you would have experienced from vanilla ice cream.

Out-of-Pocket-Costs

Define the costs that have not yet occurred and that could differ depending on the possible courses of action.

In our instance: advertising expenses

McFriendly will have to pay for advertisements if they decline the offer.

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True - Metropolitan Symphony sells 200 season tickets for $50,000 which represents a five-concert season. The amount of Unearned Ticket Revenue after the second concert is $20,000.

A metropolitan area or metro is a area that includes a densely populated city agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial regions, shipping network, infrastructures and housing.[1][2] A metro place usually contains a couple of essential towns, jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, towns, cities, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts, as well as even states and countries just like the eurodistricts. As social, financial and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have end up key monetary and political areas.

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The statement is false. Forecasting is the prediction, projection or estimation of the occurrences of unsure future events or tiers of activity.

*To become aware of undiscovered patterns and set up hidden relationships, enabling organizations to make better evidence-based commercial enterprise selections and predictions. Use the true demand of the most current period, to forecast the demand of the following period.

Forecasting refers to the exercise of predicting what will happen in the future by taking into consideration events in the past and present. Basically, it is a decision-making device that helps businesses cope with the influence of the future's uncertainty via examining historic data and trends.

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When it should have been the safety of the people who paid for them to make the appropriate decisions, including their turnaround time, Hall and Fischer's top focus was getting their clients to the summit of Everest.

As an illustration, Hanson reached the summit at 4:15 when he should have turned around at most 1:30.

A framework for comprehending, diagnosing, and preventing catastrophic failures in various kinds of organizations is provided by this multi-lens analysis of the Everest case. It also has significant ramifications for how leaders can direct and influence the methods by which their organizations come to and carry out critical decisions. The Everest analysis advises leaders to pay close attention to how they balance conflicting pressures in their organizations and how their words and actions affect how other organization members perceive and believe things. Additionally, the case sheds light on how businesses go about recovering from past failures.

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Fairly Decent Industries will stop hiring until it has 8 workers.

The marginal revenue product of labor (MRPL) is the additional revenue generated by hiring an extra worker. In a perfectly competitive market, the MRPL is equal to the price of the product multiplied by the marginal product of labor.

In this case, the hourly wage for workers is $18, so the marginal revenue product for each incremental increase in the number of workers is calculated by multiplying the marginal product of labor (MP) by the price of the product (P).

For the first jump from 2 to 5 workers, the MP is 10 and the P is $5, so the MRPL is 10 x $5 = $50.

For the next jump from 5 to 8 workers, the MP is 4 and the P is $5, so the MRPL is 4 x $5 = $20.

At this point, it is not cost-effective for the company to keep hiring more workers. With an hourly wage of $18 and an MRPL of $20, each additional worker hired would cost more than the revenue they would generate. Therefore, the company will stop hiring at 8 workers.

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Stock splits are a strategy by firms to increase the liquidity of their shares especially when they are trading at a high price.

The firm divides the stock by a certain number thus increasing the number of shares by the multiple of the number. This action will divide the price of the stock and thus allow for more trade as they are cheaper.

A 4-for- stock split means that each share will become 4.

Your total number of share will become;

= 4 * 3,600

= 14,400 shares

The new price will be;

= 68/4

= $17 per share

A stock split can be understood in most common language as an allotment of outstanding shares based on an increase in the price of those shares. This stock split is done by the company's board of directors to increase the number of shares. The most important reason is to make the shares affordable to investors and not affect the company's capital. A stock split is usually an increase in the price per share of his in a company, when it is determined that the price exceeds the company's estimated limit or is high compared to other similar companies in the same market.

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Janeen hears a rumor from a colleague in sales that there's progressing to be layoffs on Friday afternoon. she quickly calls her friend in accounting to let her understand. this can be an example of the grapevine.

What is accounting?

⇒ The measure, processing, and sharing of economic and non-financial info concerning economic entities like enterprises and firms is thought as accounting, conjointly called business. The results of an organization's economic activities are measured through accounting, that has been named because the "language of business," and this info is shared with a spread of stakeholders, as well as investors, creditors, managers, and regulators. Accountants are people who observe accounting. Accounting and monetary reportage are ofttimes used interchangeably.

Financial accounting, management accounting, tax accounting, and value accounting are a number of the many subfields of accounting. The reportage of economic info regarding a corporation, as well as the creation of economic statements, to external users of the knowledge, like investors, regulators, and suppliers, is that the focus of economic accounting, whereas the main target of management accounting is on the activity.

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A cash transaction can be defined in a variety of ways. In essence, it's a quick cash payment made to customer in return for something.

Transaction Account Title Debit Credit

1) purchased inventory on account for $165,000 (assume Marchetti uses a perpetual inventory system)

Inventory 165,000

Accounts payable 165,000

2) paid $40,000 in salaries to employees for work performed during the month

Salaries expense 40,000

Cash 40,000

3) sold merchandise that cost $120,000 to credit customers for $200,000

Accounts receivable 200,000

Sales 200,000

Cost of merchandise sold 120,000

Inventory 120,000

4) collected $180,000 in cash from credit customers, and

Cash 180,000

Accounts receivable 180,000

5) paid suppliers of inventory $145,000

Accounts payable 145,000

Cash 145,000

A monetary transaction can be defined in a variety of ways. In essence, it's a quick cash payment made in return for something. Market stock transactions may fall under the definition of cash transactions in some cases since they occur almost quickly in the marketplace at the current price.

Even though the trade may not settle for a few days, it is nonetheless conducted and the parties involved exchange money for shares

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Sabine is experiencing diminishing returns.

The law of diminishing returns is a concept in economics that asserts, under the assumption that all other factors remain constant, that when investment in a certain sector increases, the profit rate from such an investment could no longer increase. Fixed costs, low demand, harm to workers, and decreased productivity all lead to diminished marginal returns.

Reduction alludes to a steady decrease in scope, magnitude, quantity, or intensity. diminish implies a decrease in size rather than a rise in population. decrease highlights a noticeable loss and suggests deducting it from a total. Reduce means a lowering or pulling down.

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It is the Board's reasonable responsibility to review the delegated work plan for internal audit activities submitted by the Chief Audit Officer.

The board acts on behalf of the shareholders make general policy decisions and provide oversight. The board has a duty of loyalty to shareholders. In other words, the board has financial and other responsibilities for keeping the company running efficiently so that shareholders do not suffer losses.

The duties of the Board are to establish a governance framework, including a compliance framework, to ensure that the organization meets its obligations. It sets the strategic direction that helps the organization achieve its objectives. Monitor your organization's financial performance.

The Chief Audit Officer's role is to monitor and review the adequacy, effectiveness, and correct functioning of the internal control system.

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The official record of every company activity is a journal entry. A transaction is, in the broadest sense, any financial activity that has an impact on the firm.

Date Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit

2020

Jan. 1

Cash $730,000

Bonds Payable $730,000

(To record the issue of bonds payable)

Dec. 31

Interest Expense $43,800 ($730,000 x 6%)

Interest Payable $43,800

(To record interest expenses)

The official record of every company activity is a journal entry. A transaction is, in the broadest sense, any financial activity that has an impact on the firm.

They encompass all exchanges involving the movement of money, including interest payments, depreciation, costs, and payroll. They encompass more than just the exchange of goods and services. Instead of being processed automatically like invoices or cash receipts are, general journal entries are manually entered into the general ledger.

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For the conditions given above, it can be concluded to state that the Basic Earning Power, or the BEP ratio of the company will be 11.41 percent when it has total assets of $460,000 and its EBIT amount to a total of $52,500. Therefore, the option E holds true.

The computation of the Basic Earning Power of the company can be done using the generalized formula and the information given above, as below,

Basic Earning Power = EBIT / Total Assets

Basic Earning Power = 52500 / 460000

Basic Earning Power = 0.1141

Therefore, the BEP ratio of the company will be 11.41 percent.

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If the government decides to regulate this natural monopolist by requiring the firm to charge a price of p2 it will result in consumer surplus will increase.

Government is the system or group of people that run an organized community, usually a state. In the case of its broad association definition, government usually includes the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

Government is the vehicle by which an organization's policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for policy determination. In many countries, government has some sort of constitution, which states its guiding principles and philosophy. The main types of political systems in the modern era are democracy, monarchy, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes.

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Return on equity, Because it serves as a gauge of a company's success in generating profits for its stockholders.

A financial ratio, also known as an accounting ratio, is the difference in magnitude between two specific numbers obtained from the financial accounts of an organization. There are numerous standard ratios that are frequently used in accounting to assess the overall financial health of a firm or other entity.

The company's ability to generate returns on the investments it has received from its shareholders is measured by its return on equity. Description: Return on Equity is calculated mathematically as Net Income or Profits/Equity. Shareholder's The difference between a company's assets and liabilities is effectively the denominator.

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Ernie's total return per share is ($114-100+1)/100=15% is the dividend is $1.

A dividend is the distribution of profits by a firm to its shareholders. When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, it can pay a portion of its profit to shareholders as a dividend. Any residual monies are confiscated and reinvested back into the business. A dividend is the distribution of profits by a firm to its shareholders. When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, it can pay a portion of its profit to shareholders as a dividend. Any residual money are withdrawn as well as reinvested in the business. A dividend is a gift given by a company to its shareholders, which can be cash or something else.

Hence,  Ernie's total return per share is ($114-100+1)/100=15% is the dividend is $1.

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$640,000 is the total stockholders' equity based on the following account balances.

A stockholder is a corporation shareholder or a person who owns at least one share of an organization's capital stock. Stockholders are the majority of the company's owners, and they often obtain the company's success in the form of increasing stock worth. Stockholders have classified into two types: Equity shareholders are the company's true owners and members, with voting rights and control over its operations. After paying the preferred stockholder, dividend payments are made to equity shareholders.

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US manufacturing companies have moved their operations to China and other low-wage countries while firing US union workers, resulting in a decline in union membership over the past three decades.

What caused the rise in union membership?

The need to safeguard workers' collective interests led to the birth of the labor movement in the United States.Organized labor unions fought for better wages, reasonable working hours, and safer working conditions for industrial workers.

Which three factors are responsible for the decline in union membership?

The growth of traditionally unionized industries has significantly decreased.Numerous factors, including unions' tarnished reputations, shifts in the labor force, and laws restricting union influence, are to blame for the decline in unionization.

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Investment center is the type of decentralized units have authority and responsibility for revenues, costs, and assets invested in the unit.

An investment center differs from a cost or profit center in that the latter is measured against the amount of capital used, whereas the former is measured against the amount of raw costs or profits.

A profit center is a division that is in charge of both costs and revenues. An investment center is a division in charge of costs, revenues, and asset investment. The performance measures used to evaluate managers differ depending on the type of responsibility center in question.

Hence, the correct answer "D".

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The steps in the accounting cycle includes:

In financial accounting, an accounting cycle refers to the collective process of identifying, analyzing, and recording the accounting events of a company. This cycle is a standard 8-step process that begins when a transaction occurs and ends with its inclusion in the financial statements.

This cycle is often a methodical set of rules to ensure the accuracy and conformity of financial statements. An uniform process of the accounting cycle have helped to reduce mathematical errors and today, most software fully automates the accounting cycle which results in less human effort and errors associated with manual processing.

In conclusion, the key steps in the 8 step accounting cycle include the followings such as recording journal entries, posting to the general ledger, calculating trial balances, making adjusting entries and creating financial statements.

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Answer:

record transaction in the journal

analyze transaction

prepare a trial balance

Explanation: