In each of the following sets of elements, which one will be least likely to gain or lose electrons?

1. Cesium (Cs), Rubidium (Rb), and Sodium (Na)

2. Barium (Ba), Calcium (Ca), and Beryllium (Be)

3. Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), and Bromine (Br)

4. Tellurium (Te), Oxygen (O), and Sulfur (S)

Answers

Answer 1
1. The reactivity among the alkali metals increases as you go down the group due to the decrease in the effective nuclear charge from the increased shielding by the greater number of electrons. The greater the atomic number, the weaker the hold on the valence electron the nucleus has, and the more easily the element can lose the electron. Conversely, the lower the atomic number, the greater pull the nucleus has on the valence electron, and the less readily would the element be able to lose the electron (relatively speaking). Thus, in the first set comprising group I elements, sodium (Na) would be the least likely to lose its valence electron (and, for that matter, its core electrons).

2. The elements in this set are the group II alkaline earth metals, and they follow the same trend as the alkali metals. Of the elements here, beryllium (Be) would have the highest effective nuclear charge, and so it would be the least likely to lose its valence electrons. In fact, beryllium has a tendency not to lose (or gain) electrons, i.e., ionize, at all; it is unique among its congeners in that it tends to form covalent bonds.

3. While the alkali and alkaline earth metals would lose electrons to attain a noble gas configuration, the group VIIA halogens, as we have here, would need to gain a valence electron for an full octet. The trends in the group I and II elements are turned on their head for the halogens: The smaller the atomic number, the less shielding, and so the greater the pull by the nucleus to gain a valence electron. And as the atomic number increases (such as when you go down the group), the more shielding there is, the weaker the effective nuclear charge, and the lesser the tendency to gain a valence electron. Bromine (Br) has the largest atomic number among the halogens in this set, so an electron would feel the smallest pull from a bromine atom; bromine would thus be the least likely here to gain a valence electron.

4. The pattern for the elements in this set (the group VI chalcogens) generally follows that of the halogens. The greater the atomic number, the weaker the pull of the nucleus, and so the lesser the tendency to gain electrons. Tellurium (Te) has the highest atomic number among the elements in the set, and so it would be the least likely to gain electrons.

Related Questions

Wine goes bad soon after opening because the ethanol ch3ch2oh in it reacts with oxygen gas o2 from the air to form water h2o and acetic acid ch3cooh , the main ingredient of vinegar. Calculate the moles of ethanol needed to produce 0.055mol of acetic acid. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to the correct number of significant digits.

Answers

Answer:

For producing 0.55 mole of acetic acid, 0.55 mole of ethanol is required.

Explanation:

The balanced equation for this reaction is

CH3CH2OH + O2 --> CH3COOH + H2O

As we can see in this equation, the ration of number of moles of acetic acid to the number of moles of ethanal is equal to [tex]1 : 1[/tex]

Hence, in order to produce one mole of acetic acid, 1 mole of ethanol is required.

Thus, for producing 0.55 mole of acetic acid, 0.55 mole of ethanol is required.  

2AgF(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)=Ag2CO3(s)+2NaF(aq) net ionic equation

Answers

I think there was a error with your question please fix it

The net ionic equation is applied mainly in neutralization reactions, double displacement reactions and redox reactions. Therefore,  the net ionic equation is Ag⁺(aq)+CO[tex]_3[/tex]²⁻(aq)  [tex]\rightarrow[/tex]Ag[tex]_2[/tex]CO[tex]_3[/tex](s).

What is net ionic equation?

The net ionic equation represents a chemical equation of a reaction that give an idea of species that are really participating in the reaction. We can write net ionic equations for those electrolyte which are strong in water.

The balanced net ionic equation is

2AgF(aq)+Na[tex]_2[/tex]CO[tex]_3[/tex](aq)[tex]\rightarrow[/tex]Ag[tex]_2[/tex]CO[tex]_3[/tex](s)+2NaF(aq)

Ag⁺(aq) +F⁻(aq) +Na⁺(aq) +CO[tex]_3[/tex]²⁻(aq) [tex]\rightarrow[/tex]Ag[tex]_2[/tex]CO[tex]_3[/tex](s)+Na⁺(aq) +F⁻(aq)

Ag⁺(aq)+CO[tex]_3[/tex]²⁻(aq)  [tex]\rightarrow[/tex]Ag[tex]_2[/tex]CO[tex]_3[/tex](s)

The net ionic equation cancels out ions that appear on both sides of the reaction arrow because they essentially don't participate in the reaction of interest.

Therefore,  the net ionic equation is Ag⁺(aq)+CO[tex]_3[/tex]²⁻(aq)  [tex]\rightarrow[/tex]Ag[tex]_2[/tex]CO[tex]_3[/tex](s).

To learn more about net ionic equation, here:

https://brainly.com/question/13161506

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What mass of potassium chloride, KCl, is produced when 12.6 g of oxygen, 02, is produced?

Answers

Mass of KCl= 19.57 g

Further explanation

Given

12.6 g of Oxygen

Required

mass of KCl

Solution

Reaction

2KClO3 ⇒ 2KCl + 3O2

mol O2 :

= mass : MW

= 12.6 : 32 g/mol

= 0.39375

From the equation, mol KCl :

= 2/3 x mol O2

= 2/3 x 0.39375

=0.2625

Mass KCl :

= mol x MW

= 0.2625 x 74,5513 g/mol

= 19.57 g

When a chemical bond exists between two atoms, an electrical attraction exist between the __________ of each atom and the ___________ of the other atom no matter what type of bond you are talking about.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

treswdftgyuiuytredscfvghjk

Which electromagnetic wave has the shortest
wavelength? Describe the energy level and
frequency of this wave.

Answers

Answer:

The electromagnetic spectrum

Explanation:

ranges from gamma (γ) radiation, which has the shortest wavelength, highest frequency, and greatest energy

how many moles are in 6.31x10^24 C atoms

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

1 mol of any chemical is 6.02 * 10^23

x mol of any chemical is 6.31 * 10^24

You should look at this before you put it in  your calculator. You should think roughly 10.

Now you can set it up as a proportion

1/x = 6.02 * 10^23/6.31 * 10^24        Cross multiply

6.02 * 10^23 x = 1 * 6.31 * 10^24      Divide by 6.02 * 10^23

x = 6.31 * 10^24 / 6.02 * 10^23

x = 10.48 mols.

It should be 10.48 mols

Help me!!
Question 5 only!

Answers

Oxygen photosentics

skateboarder left at 3:40 pm. The skateboarder arrived at 4:55 pm. How much time did
it take for him to get there?

Answers

It took the skateboard 1 hour and 15 minutes to get there. There is 60 minutes in an hour so i took 60-40=20 and 60-55=5 and got an 1:15 hope this helps

Someone help me to these please i dont have much time

Answers

Answer:

2

Explanation:

it is #2. the answer is 2

Answer:

Hope this will help you.... Take care

Question 20 (2 points)

Much of the water that falls on the ground as precipitation

enters the ground through the process of infiltration

evaporates back into the atmosphere

becomes runoff and finds its way back to the ocean

forms small pools

Answers

Answer:

becomes runoff and finds its way back to the ocean

Explanation:

Precipitation refers to rainfall that reaches the earth.

Most of the rainfall that reaches the earth becomes runoff and finds its way back to the ocean.

When the rain falls on earth, some evaporates, some enters into the ground while some runs off into rivers and streams. Almost all of the rain water flows into the oceans or other bodies of water.

Hence, most of the rainfall that reaches the earth becomes runoff and finds its way back to the ocean

HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP HELP

Answers

Answer:

3

Explanation:

I got this i am very smart

Answer:

The answer is 3) same mass more volume

Explanation:

Mass measures the amount of matter in a substance or an object.

Volume measures the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up.

2) Which liberates the most energy?
A) F(g) + e ➡️ F-(g)
B) N(g) +e- ➡️ N-(g)
C) O(g) +e ➡️ O-(g)
D) C(g) +e ➡️ C-(g)​

Answers

Answer: [tex]F(g)+e^-\rightarrow F^-(g)[/tex]

Explanation:

Electron gain enthalpy is defined as energy released on addition of electron to an isolated gaseous atom.  

The amount of energy released will be maximum when the tendency to attract electrons is maximum. As flourine has atomic number of 9 and has electronic configuration of 2,7. It can readily gain 1 electron to attain stable noble gas configuration and hence liberates maximum energy.

[tex]F(g)+e^-\rightarrow F^-(g)[/tex]

Calculate the number of moles in 2.67 g of carbon trihydride

Answers

Answer:0.178 moles

Explanation: carbon trihydride seems to be an unusual name for the methyl group CH3–

ionic wt 15

moles = 2.67/15 = 0.178

answers this...i gave brainlest!!​

Answers

6- B
7- B
8- D
9- A
10- C
11-B
12- D

have a wonderful day!!! also i need that brainliest!!!

Answer:

I hope I can help

Explanation:

I hope I can help you

Name the molecule when potassium reacts with chlorine?

Answers

Answer: Potassium Chloride

Explanation:

The atomic number of an element configuration 2,8, 8,2,13​

Answers

Answer:

33

Explanation:

The atomic number of an element configuration 2,8, 8,2,13​ is 33.

The electron configuration is defined as the arrangement of electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals of an atom. The sum of electrons in different orbitals shown in the electron configuration represents the atomic number of the atom.

So, atomic number of the element configuration 2,8, 8,2,13​ is 33.

Picture a neutral P atom. This neutral atom will have
valence electrons. To reach a more stable configuration, this atom will
(gain, lose) electrons. The charge of the ion that forms will be
ASAP PLEASE

Answers

Answer:

It will have 5 valence electrons as its in group 5.

The atom will gain as its closer to the full configuration 8.

The charge will be 3- as it will gain 3 electrons.

What is a solution made of

Answers

Answer:

A solution is made when a substance called the solute "dissolves" into another substance called the solvent.

Explanation:

Dissolving is when the solute breaks up from a larger crystal of molecules into much smaller groups or individual molecules.

A 100.-gram sample of H2O(l) at 22.0°C absorbs 830. joules of heat. What will be the final temperature of the water? Hurry pleaseeee!!!

Answers

Answer:

That is extremely confusing. Try contacting your prof.

Explanation:

When a negatively charged beta particle is emitted by a radioactive nucleus which change happens in the nucleus?
a. The number of protons increased by one
B. The number of neutrons increased by one
C. The number of nucleons increased by one
D. The number of nucleons decreased by one

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

its d because a beta particle has a negative charge

In the case when there is the  negatively charged beta particle so the number of nucleons decreased by one.

What are nucleons?

In terms of chemistry and physics, a nucleon could be treated as the proton or neutron also it considered as the component of the atomic nucleus. Here the no of nucleons in the nucleus should represent the atom mass number.

So based on this, we can conclude that In the case when there is the  negatively charged beta particle so the number of nucleons decreased by one.

Learn more about particle here: https://brainly.com/question/12734041

An atom absorbs radiation. Select the possible changes this could have on the atom:
*it can change the atomic mass
*it can cause the atom to lose an electron
*it can cause the atom to become and ion
*it cause the atom to change element

Answers

Answer:

*it can cause the atom to become and ion

An increase in the volume of a substance because of an increase in temperature is called

Answers

Answer:

Its called contraction.

Explanation:

Suppose you have a mixture of iron filings, sand, and sugar and you want to separate the three. Fill in the materials you expect to see at each step as you perform the actions shown to separate them. The materials you may expect to see are: iron filings, sand, sugar, and sugar water.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

mixture of iron filings, sand, and sugar

First Step - Iron Fillings

Use a magnet to separate the iron fillings from the mixture. Due to magnetic properties of the iron fillings, the magnets would attract the iron fillings and separate it from the mixture.

Second step - Sand

Place the sand and sugar mixture in water. The sugar would dissolve in water and the sand easily separated by filtration.

Third step - Sugar and Sugar water

Boil the sugar water to remove the water and place in the refrigerator for crystallization of the sugar.

Which of the following pairs of elements will form covalent bonds with each other?

Answers

Answer:

sorry I don't know so sorry so sorry so sorry so sorry so sorry so

Explanation:

so sorry I don't know so sorry so sorry so sorry maybe I think quotation ki and bro mind we are

write the balanced equation for the formation of carbon dioxide.

Answers

C + O2 ——> CO2
Carbon plus oxygen forms carbon dioxide

a primary substance that cannot be divided into separate substances; one of about 112 different basic varieties of matter making up the universe

Answers

Answer:

No you can not divide a primary substance into a seperat one because ot wpuld be like divideing the universe

How many grams are there in 3.4 x 10^24 atoms of He?

Group of answer choices
2.07
5.7 g
0.57 g
20.7

Answers

Given :

Number of He atoms, [tex]n = 3.4\times 10^{24}[/tex] atoms.

To Find :

How many grams are their in given number of He atoms.

Solution :

We know, molecular mass of He is 4 g. It means that their are [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms in 4 g of He.

Let, number of gram He in [tex]3.4\times 10^{24}[/tex] atoms is x , so :

[tex]x = \dfrac{3.4\times 10^{24}}{6.022\times 10^{23}}\times 4\\\\x = $$22.58\ g[/tex]

Therefore, grams of He atoms is 22.58 g .

Enter a balanced nuclear equation for the production of lutetium-177, used in the treatment of some cancers, from the beta decay of ytterbium-177.

Answers

Answer: [tex]_{70}^{177}\textrm{Yb}\rightarrow _{71}^{177}\textrm{Lu}+_{-1}^{0}\textrm{e}[/tex]

Explanation:

Beta-decay: In this process, a neutron gets converted into a proton and an electron releasing a beta-particle. The beta particle released is basically a electron with -1 charge and no mass.

[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^A\textrm{X}+_{-1}^{0}\textrm{e}[/tex]

General representation of an element is given as:  

where,

Z represents Atomic number

A represents Mass number

X represents the symbol of an element

[tex]_{70}^{177}\textrm{Yb}\rightarrow _{71}^{177}\textrm{Lu}+_{-1}^{0}\textrm{e}[/tex]

Which of the following is a nonelectrolyte?
HCI
Rb2SO4
CH3CH2OH
KOH
NaCl

Answers

Rb2SO4 is a nonelectrolyte

Iron is a mineral. A nail made out of iron
a mineral.

Answers:
Is also
Is not

Answers

Is also is the answer I’m pretty sure

Answer:

is also

Explanation:

if iron is a mineral then a nail is a mineral to

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