The behavior you described, where a person consumes more of a good or service but enjoys each additional unit less and is willing to pay less for each additional unit, is consistent with the law of diminishing marginal utility.
The law of diminishing marginal utility states that as a person consumes more and more of a good or service within a given time period, the additional satisfaction or utility they derive from each additional unit decreases.This means that the more of a good or service a person consumes, the less value they place on each additional unit.For example, let's consider a person eating slices of pizza.
At first, the person may enjoy the first few slices and find them very satisfying. However, as they continue eating more slices, they may start to feel full and the enjoyment or utility they derive from each additional slice decreases. They may even reach a point where they are no longer willing to pay as much for each additional slice.This behavior is consistent with the law of diminishing marginal utility, which explains how our preferences change as we consume more of a good or service.
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ulman Interiors is the most respected interior design firm in Scranton. This success is partly due to its twenty design teams, each of which consists of about six technically diverse specialists, who are highly dependent on each other to complete projects. Most teams are well-established (have low turnover) and work together in the same offices. They coordinate and address conflicts effectively and have shared expectations of each other and the project’s goals. Pulman’s CEO wants to expand the firm into three other cities in Pennsylvania. This will initially require hiring staff quickly for another five or six teams. Some current staff will need to shift to new teams and work remotely with new hires located in the other cities.
Apply the team development model to evaluate teamwork at Pulman Interiors.
Explain why team mental models are important for the successful teams at Pulman Interiors.
Identify two factors that could undermine Pulman’s high-performing teamwork IF the company decides to expand its business.
The team development model, which was developed by Bruce Tuckman, explains the four stages of development that most teams go through before they can work together productively.
The four stages of development in a team are forming, storming, norming, and performing. The evaluation of teamwork at Pulman Interiors can be done using this model:
Forming: This phase entails forming the team, and individuals who are part of the team are usually polite and courteous as they get to know each other.Storming: This stage is characterized by conflicts and disagreements as individuals try to identify where they fit in the team's hierarchy.Norming: Team members have accepted each other, and the team has established guidelines, roles, and expectations.Performing: This is the main answer to the team development model as it is the stage where the team performs at its peak.Team mental models are important for the successful teams at Pulman Interiors because they allow for common understandings and shared expectations between members of a team. Team mental models are representations that team members hold in their heads of how things work in the team, what tasks need to be completed, and how team members should interact with each other. When the members of a team have a shared understanding of these mental models, they are better able to coordinate and communicate with each other. By sharing and agreeing on a common set of mental models, teams are able to operate more efficiently and reduce the likelihood of misunderstandings and conflicts.
Two factors that could undermine Pulman’s high-performing teamwork IF the company decides to expand its business are:
Communication breakdown: As Pulman expands into three other cities in Pennsylvania, there is a risk that communication channels could break down, resulting in conflicts and misunderstandings within and between teams. This could lead to an increase in employee turnover rates and could damage the company's reputation.
Poor leadership: Another factor that could undermine Pulman’s high-performing teamwork is poor leadership. As the company expands, there is a risk that the leadership structure could become too top-heavy, making it difficult for employees to communicate with managers and supervisors. In addition, managers may not be familiar with the culture of the new locations, leading to a lack of understanding and conflict.
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"
Which of the following changes would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve? a change in the wage rate paid to labour in the economy a change in technology in the economy a change in the cost of oi
"
The long-run aggregate supply curve is the graphical representation of the relationship between the price level in the economy and the aggregate supply of output produced by the firms in the long run. The long-run aggregate supply curve is assumed to be vertical in the long run as it depends on factors
that affect the production capacity of the economy in the long run. These factors include changes in technology in the economy, the wage rate paid to labor in the economy, and the cost of production in the economy. A change in the wage rate paid to labor in the economy will shift the long-run aggregate supply curve. A higher wage rate increases the cost of production, reducing the incentive to produce, and shifting the curve to the left. On the other hand, a lower wage rate reduces the cost of production, increasing the incentive to produce, and shifting the curve to the right. Therefore, a change in the wage rate paid to labor in the economy will shift the long-run aggregate supply curve.
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Could there also be a way to appeal to the emotions of senior
management to convince them that energy management should be
another tool to improve business productivity?
Yes, there could be a way to appeal to the emotions of senior management to convince them that energy management should be another tool to improve business productivity.
Energy management is an effective way to cut down operational costs, increase operational efficiency, and reduce environmental impact. It is essential to adopt a strategic and integrated approach to energy management that meets the organization's goals and objectives.
One way to appeal to the emotions of senior management is to demonstrate the benefits of energy management in terms of enhancing the organization's reputation, improving employee morale, and increasing brand loyalty. Senior management can be convinced that energy management is essential by demonstrating that it aligns with the organization's values, mission, and vision.
Energy management helps reduce environmental impact by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable practices. As a result, the organization can be perceived as an environmentally responsible entity that is committed to promoting sustainable development. Improving energy efficiency can also lead to increased employee morale as employees feel they are working for an organization that cares about their well-being and the environment.
Additionally, energy management can increase brand loyalty as consumers are more likely to purchase products from organizations that are environmentally responsible.
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Companies generally initiate dividends to shareholders when the business reaches Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a the growth stage. b the mature stage. c the declining stage.
Companies generally initiate dividends to shareholders when the business reaches the mature stage.
What is a dividend?A dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually in the form of cash or stock. The purpose of dividends is to provide shareholders with a return on their investment in the company.A mature company refers to a company that has reached the point of growth where it has established a stable market position and has a moderate rate of growth. Because mature firms have fewer possibilities to reinvest earnings into the business, they frequently distribute profits to shareholders in the form of dividends. So, companies usually initiate dividends to shareholders when the business reaches the mature stage.Therefore, the correct option is option b. the mature stage.
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Today you deposit $1000 in an account paying 6% interest. At the end of years 1, 2 and 3 you will deposit $100 in that account. What is the present value of that stream of cash flows?
The present value of the stream of cash flows, which includes a $1000 initial deposit followed by $100 deposits at the end of years 1, 2, and 3, can be calculated using the concept of present-value.
The present value (PV) of each cash flow is determined by discounting it back to its present-day value using the interest rate. In this case, the interest rate is 6% or 0.06. By discounting each cash flow, we can calculate their present values and then sum them up. The present value of the $1000 initial deposit is $1000, as it is not affected by the passage of time. For the subsequent deposits of $100 at the end of years 1, 2, and 3, we need to calculate their present values by dividing each cash flow by (1 + 0.06) raised to the power of the respective number of years. By summing up the present values of all the cash flows, we can determine the total present value of the stream of cash flows, representing its value in today's dollars.
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Your boss made a purchase and paid immediately by a handwritten cheque, what should you do?
O Enter the cheque in a Manual Payment batch and print and post the cheque
O Create a System Generated Payment batch and print and post the cheque
O All the above
O None of the abov
If your boss made a purchase and paid immediately by a handwritten cheque, then you should enter the cheque in a Manual Payment batch and print and post the cheque. Therefore, option A "Enter the cheque in a Manual Payment batch and print and post the cheque" is the correct option.
A manual payment batch is a collection of payments entered manually for various vendors or payees. It enables you to quickly make payments and keep track of all transactions. Manual payments must be entered, reviewed, and accepted before being made. A manual payment batch is created to accommodate one-time or infrequent payments. The manual payment batch function can be accessed by going to Accounts Payable > Transactions > Manual Payment Batch. A batch can be added to the system by clicking on the plus sign in the upper right corner of the page. The accounts payable (AP) department maintains a manual payment batch, which is used to record outgoing checks in the event of payment by check. This batch is used to monitor who was paid, how much, and when. Therefore, when your boss makes a purchase and pays immediately with a handwritten check, you should enter the check in a manual payment batch.
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Give an example of a linear program such that at least three distinct vertices of the feasible region are optimal points. Justify your answer.
Linear programming refers to a method used to find an optimal value within a mathematical model that is subjected to several linear constraints. Linear programming models may have several optimal solutions or none. The optimal solutions in linear programming are usually found at the corners or vertices of the feasible region.
The feasible region represents all the points that satisfy the given constraints. Each optimal point is considered a vertex. A feasible solution is an optimal solution when the objective function has its maximum or minimum value. The objective function is a linear equation used to measure the optimal value of the linear programming model.
For a linear program to have at least three distinct optimal vertices, it must satisfy the following conditions: There must be at least three optimal solutions. The optimal solutions must occur at distinct vertices of the feasible region.
Each optimal solution must have an optimal value that is different from the others. An example of a linear program that has at least three distinct optimal vertices is as follows: Maximize Z = 5x + 4ySubject to:2x + 3y ≤ 123x + 2y ≤ 18x + y ≤ 10x, y ≥ 0.
The feasible region for the linear program is a triangular region with vertices at (0,0), (0,6), and (7,0). These vertices represent the optimal solutions to the linear program. All of them are optimal because the objective function attains the same maximum value of 30 at all three vertices.
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"There are controllable variables (4Ps) and uncontrollable variables inmarketing. What are the uncontrollable variables are shown by one ofthe marketing tools we have been exposed to?"
In marketing, controllable and uncontrollable variables influence business operations and success. The controllable variables in marketing are known as 4Ps, which are product, place, price, and promotion. They represent the marketing mix that companies can control and alter to achieve marketing goals.
Uncontrollable variables, on the other hand, are forces that marketing executives cannot control but can influence and must adapt to. These variables include social, legal, technological, political, and competitive factors. The company's marketing environment, which includes all of the uncontrollable forces and their effects on the organization, is the sum of these forces.
One of the marketing tools that can be used to reveal uncontrollable variables is a SWOT analysis. The acronym SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method that helps a business identify its strengths and weaknesses while also assessing the opportunities and threats in the market. It involves analyzing the company's internal and external environments and evaluating the factors that can affect the company's performance.
For example, a company may conduct a SWOT analysis and determine that one of the significant threats to their business is an unfavorable government regulation. This uncontrollable variable can influence the company's operations and success and must be considered when developing marketing strategies.
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Differential Analysis for a Lease-or-sell Decision Stowe Construction Company is considering selling excess machinery with a book value of $281,200 (original cost of $400,700 less accumulated depreciation of $119,500) for $276,800 , less a 5% brokerage commission. Altematively, the machinery can be leased for a total of $286,600 for 5 years, after which it is expected to have no residual value. Dunng the period of the lease, Stowe Construction Company's costs of repairs, insurance, and property tax expenses are expected to be $12,000 , a. Prepare a differential analvsis dated March 21 to determine whether'Stowe Construction Company sthould lease (Aiternative 1) or sell (Alternative 2) the machinery. If required, use a minus sign to indicate a loss. b. On the basis of the data presented, would it be advisable to lease or sell the machinery?
Based on the data presented, it would be advisable for Stowe Construction Company to lease the machinery rather than sell it. The lease option provides a higher net cash flow over the 5-year period, which makes it more financially favorable.
To determine whether Stowe Construction Company should lease or sell the excess machinery, we need to compare the differential costs and revenues associated with each alternative.
Here is a step-by-step analysis to determine the most advisable option:
1. Calculate the proceeds from selling the machinery:
- The selling price is $276,800.
- Subtract the 5% brokerage commission: $276,800 - (5% * $276,800) = $262,960.
2. Calculate the lease payments over 5 years:
- The total lease payment is $286,600.
3. Calculate the cost of repairs, insurance, and property tax expenses over 5 years:
- The expenses are $12,000 per year.
- Multiply by 5 years: $12,000 * 5 = $60,000.
4. Calculate the net cash flow for each alternative:
- For the sale option: Net cash flow = Proceeds from selling - Cost of repairs, insurance, and property tax expenses
- For the lease option: Net cash flow = Lease payments - Cost of repairs, insurance, and property tax expenses
Net cash flow for the sale option: $262,960 - $60,000 = $202,960
Net cash flow for the lease option: $286,600 - $60,000 = $226,600
5. Compare the net cash flows:
- The lease option has a higher net cash flow of $226,600 compared to $202,960 for the sale option.
Based on the data presented, it would be advisable for Stowe Construction Company to lease the machinery rather than sell it. The lease option provides a higher net cash flow over the 5-year period, which makes it more financially favorable. However, it's important to consider other factors such as future equipment needs and the potential for technological advancements before making a final decision.
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The total of income plus capital gains earned on an investment
is known as the return.
True or False
The given statement "The total of income plus capital gains earned on an investment is known as the return" is a true statement.
Want to know more about income and capital gains? Income is money earned from wages, salary, tips, interest on savings accounts, dividends on investments, rental income, and royalties on creative work. Capital gains, on the other hand, are earnings made by selling capital assets. It is the amount by which the price of an asset increases from the time of purchase to the time of sale. For example, if you purchased a stock for $100 and sold it for $150, your capital gain is $50.The total of income plus capital gains earned on an investment is known as the return. It is the total amount of money received on an investment. It is usually expressed as a percentage of the original investment. A higher return usually indicates a higher risk involved in an investment.
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Problem 12-12 Johnson's Inc. made $250,000 in 2015 in consulting business in Tennessee. The company had other taxable income of $1,000,000 in year 2015 . The federal income tax for the consulting work done in Tennessee is $85,500 True/False Problem 12-13 A piece of property bought by XYZ Corporation a few years ago was sold for $5M. The cost basis for this property was $2.75M. The company had a taxable income of $12.15 million in the year the property was sold. The capital gain tax on this property is $337,500. True/False
Problem 12-12: Johnson's Inc. made $250,000 in 2015 in consulting business in Tennessee. The company had other taxable income of $1,000,000 in year 2015. The federal income tax for the consulting work done in Tennessee is $85,500.
True. Problem 12-13: A piece of property bought by XYZ Corporation a few years ago was sold for $5M. The cost basis for this property was $2.75M. The company had a taxable income of $12.15 million in the year the property was sold.
The capital gain tax on this property is $337,500. True. Capital gains tax refers to a tax levied on capital gains that are realized from the sale of an asset.
If you sell a stock, real estate, or another kind of investment, you may owe taxes on the profits. In Problem 12-13, XYZ Corporation sold a piece of property that it had bought for $2.75 million for $5 million.
Therefore, the corporation realized a gain of $2.25 million. The capital gain tax on this property is calculated by multiplying the gain by the applicable tax rate.
The tax rate for capital gains depends on the taxpayer's income level. Therefore, if the company had a taxable income of $12.15 million in the year the property was sold, it's likely that it was in the highest tax bracket, which is 20 percent for long-term capital gains.
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a company has chosen to launch in one distribution channel exclusively before launching in any other. this is an example of which factor affecting the choice of distribution channel?
The example you provided, where a company chooses to launch in one distribution channel exclusively before launching in any other, is an example of the factor known as "Timing" affecting the choice of distribution channel.
Timing refers to the strategic decision of when to enter different distribution channels with a product or service. It involves determining the sequence or order in which the company introduces its offerings to various channels.
By choosing to launch exclusively in one distribution channel before expanding to others, the company is focusing on timing its entry into different channels. This approach allows the company to concentrate its efforts and resources on establishing a strong presence and capturing market share in one channel before diversifying into others.
Timing the entry into distribution channels can be influenced by several factors, including market conditions, product characteristics, competitive landscape, available resources, and strategic goals. Companies may opt for sequential channel entry to manage risks, optimize resource allocation, build brand awareness, establish customer relationships, and refine their distribution strategies based on the learnings from the initial channel.
It's important to note that the choice of distribution channel and the timing of entry depend on a company's specific circumstances, market dynamics, and strategic objectives.
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Which strategy attempts to establish and maintain the image that an SBU's product or services are fundamentally unique from other products or services in the same market segment?
A) corporate strategy
B) differentiation strategy
C) related diversification strategy
D) unrelated diversification strategy
The strategy that attempts to establish and maintain the image that an SBU's product or services are fundamentally unique from other products or services in the same market segment is the differentiation strategy.
The differentiation strategy is focused on creating a unique and distinctive positioning for a product or service in the market. It involves developing features, qualities, or attributes that set the offering apart from competitors and create a perception of value and uniqueness among customers. By emphasizing the unique aspects of their products or services, companies implementing a differentiation strategy aim to attract customers based on their distinctive features rather than solely competing on price. This strategy helps to build a competitive advantage and create a perception of superiority in the market segment, thus distinguishing the SBU from its competitors.
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Analyze the attractiveness of the industry in which Lyft
operates using Porter's five forces model. Pay close attention to
how appealing the Vietnamese business is.
Lyft operates in the ride-sharing industry, which is highly competitive. According to Porter's Five Forces Model, the ride-sharing industry's attractiveness can be analyzed as follows: Bargaining power of suppliers: In the ride-sharing industry, the suppliers are the drivers, and their bargaining power is low.
Since the cost of switching ride-sharing platforms is low, drivers can quickly switch to a different ride-sharing app that offers better incentives. Bargaining power of buyers: The bargaining power of riders is moderate.
Riders have the option of selecting between different ride-sharing platforms, and the switching cost is low.
However, riders have less bargaining power than drivers. Threat of new entrants: The threat of new entrants into the ride-sharing market is high. Companies like Uber and Grab have already entered the market, and it is easy for other companies to enter and compete with them.
Threat of substitutes: The threat of substitutes is low, as ride-sharing platforms are the primary mode of transportation for many people. Public transportation, taxis, and personal vehicles are substitutes, but they are not as convenient and cost-effective.
Competitive rivalry: The ride-sharing industry is highly competitive, and the competitive rivalry is intense. Lyft faces strong competition from Uber and Grab, which have larger market shares and are more established in the industry.
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Which of the following is not a situational dimension affecting one's choice of compliance-gaining strategies?
a. dominance
b. intimacy
c. proximity
d. apprehension
The situational dimension that is not affecting one's choice of compliance-gaining strategies is apprehension. The correct answer is d. apprehension.
The situational dimensions that affect one's choice of compliance-gaining strategies refer to factors related to the situation or context in which the communication takes place. These dimensions help individuals determine the most effective approach to achieve compliance from others. The commonly recognized situational dimensions include dominance, intimacy, and proximity.
a. Dominance: Refers to the power or authority one person holds over another. It influences the choice of strategies, such as using direct orders or assertive approaches when dealing with subordinates or individuals of lower status.
b. Intimacy: Relates to the level of closeness or personal relationship between individuals. It affects the selection of strategies, such as using personal appeals or building rapport to influence compliance from friends, family, or close acquaintances.
c. Proximity: Refers to the physical or social distance between individuals. It influences the choice of strategies, such as using face-to-face communication, nonverbal cues, or social norms, depending on the level of proximity between the communicator and the target.
d. Apprehension: Apprehension refers to anxiety or fear of communicating with others. However, apprehension is not typically considered a situational dimension that directly affects the choice of compliance-gaining strategies. It is more related to personal traits or individual characteristics that may influence communication effectiveness.
Therefore, the answer is d. apprehension.
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Take the following as the demand and supply equations for iMango phones in the Republic of Smart: Qd=200−P
Qs=−60+2P
a) Determine the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity. b) Use the demand and supply equations to construct demand and supply curves. c) Calculate the consumer surplus and producer surplus. d) Supposing General Swag fixed the price of iMango at $40, determine the quantity demanded and quantity supplied. e) Show the effect of General Swag's policy on your graph in 1 b (Effects will be deadweight loss). f) Calculate the deadweight loss.
a) Determination of equilibrium price and quantity
The equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity can be determined by equating demand and supply. [tex]Qd=Qs200-P=-60+2P200+60=2P+P260=3P P=86.67[/tex]
Therefore, the equilibrium price is $86.67.Then, [tex]Qd=200-P=200-86.67=113.33units[/tex]
Thus, the equilibrium quantity is 113.33 units.
b) The demand and supply curves can be constructed as follows : Graphical Representation of the equilibrium price and quantity can be obtained as shown below:
c) Calculation of consumer surplus and producer surplus
The producer surplus is given by the difference between the price at which the product is sold and the minimum price at which the producer would be willing to sell the product.
The consumer surplus is given by the difference between the price at which the product is sold and the maximum price at which the consumers would be willing to purchase the product.
Producer surplus=[tex]($86.67−$20)×113.33=$7289.32[/tex]
Consumer surplus[tex]($100−$86.67)×113.33=$1519.99[/tex]
d) Quantity demanded and quantity supplied, supposing General Swag fixed the price of i Mango at $40
Quantity demanded :[tex]Qd=200-P=200-40=160 units[/tex]
Quantity supplied : [tex]Qs=60+2P=60+2(40)=140 units[/tex]
The quantity demanded is 160 units and the quantity supplied is 140 units.
e) The effect of General Swag's policy can be shown as: The area B and C represents the deadweight loss.
f) Calculation of deadweight loss
The deadweight loss is given by the difference between the producer surplus and consumer surplus.
Deadweight loss[tex]=$7289.32-$1519.99=$5769.33.[/tex]
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Kim Shaw is considering the purchase of a 5 year bond that pays a coupon rate of 7.75% over the life of the bond (annual payments) and a face value of $1000 that is returned at the bond's maturity. Using a yield to maturity of 8.50%, calculate to the nearest penny the value of the bond today.
The bond value using yield to maturity is 911.03. Yield to maturity is a critical calculation that is often used to evaluate the attractiveness of bonds or other fixed-income investments.
It's a calculation that takes into account a variety of factors to determine the average annual return a bondholder will receive if they hold a bond until it matures. It represents the rate of return expected from an investment in a bond held till maturity.
The value of the bond today can be calculated by adding the present value of the bond's interest payments and the present value of the bond's face value: Value of bond today= PV of coupon payments + PV of face value
= 309.45 + 657.05= 966.50
So, the bond value using yield to maturity is 966.50. Answering the question, the value of Kim Shaw’s bond today is 966.50.
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What is a "Government Failure" and what is its
role in Microeconomics? (50 words or more)
what role do "Progressive Taxes" play in Microeconomics?
(50 words or more)
Government failure refers to a situation where government intervention in the market leads to a less efficient allocation of resources and net social welfare is reduced as a result.
It can result from a number of factors, such as imperfect information, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and political considerations that favor special interest groups at the expense of the general public. In microeconomics, government failure is a critical concept because it highlights the potential costs of government intervention in markets, which is often justified on the grounds of correcting market failures.
Thus, policymakers need to be aware of the possibility of government failure and undertake rigorous cost-benefit analyses before intervening in the market. Progressive taxes are a type of taxation system where the tax rate increases as the income of the taxpayer increases. This means that those with higher incomes pay a larger share of their income in taxes than those with lower incomes.
In microeconomics, progressive taxes play a role in redistributing income from high-income earners to low-income earners. The rationale behind progressive taxation is that those with higher incomes can afford to pay more in taxes, and this revenue can be used to fund public goods and services that benefit all members of society.
However, progressive taxes can also have negative effects on incentives to work and invest, which can lead to a reduction in economic growth. Thus, policymakers need to balance the benefits and costs of progressive taxation to ensure that it is an effective tool for promoting social welfare.
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Jason purchased a $15,000 car and financed the purchase with a personal loan from his credit union. If the interest rate is 18%, compounded annually, how long will it take Jason to repay the loan with monthly payments of $450?
It will take Jason approximately 45.84 months to repay the loan. Since we can't have a fraction of a month, we can round up to the nearest whole month. Thus, it will take Jason approximately 46 months to repay the loan.To determine how long it will take Jason to repay the loan, we can use the formula for the number of periods (n) needed to repay a loan:
n = -log(1 - (r * P) / A) / log(1 + r)
Where:
- n is the number of periods (in this case, the number of months)
- r is the monthly interest rate (annual interest rate divided by 12 and converted to a decimal)
- P is the principal amount (loan amount)
- A is the monthly payment amount
Let's calculate the values and solve for n:
Principal amount (P): $15,000
Monthly payment amount (A): $450
First, we need to convert the annual interest rate to a monthly rate:
Monthly interest rate (r) = 18% / 12 / 100 = 0.015
Now, we can substitute the values into the formula:
n = -log(1 - (0.015 * 15000) / 450) / log(1 + 0.015)
Using a calculator, we can evaluate the expression:
n ≈ 45.84
Therefore, it will take Jason approximately 45.84 months to repay the loan. Since we can't have a fraction of a month, we can round up to the nearest whole month. Thus, it will take Jason approximately 46 months to repay the loan.
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It will take Jason approximately 45.84 months to repay the loan. Since we can't have a fraction of a month, we can round up to the nearest whole month. Thus, it will take Jason approximately 46 months to repay the loan.To determine how long it will take Jason to repay the loan, we can use the formula for the number of periods (n) needed to repay a loan:
n = -log(1 - (r * P) / A) / log(1 + r)
Where:
- n is the number of periods (in this case, the number of months)
- r is the monthly interest rate (annual interest rate divided by 12 and converted to a decimal)
- P is the principal amount (loan amount)
- A is the monthly payment amount
Let's calculate the values and solve for n:
Principal amount (P): $15,000
Monthly payment amount (A): $450
First, we need to convert the annual interest rate to a monthly rate:
Monthly interest rate (r) = 18% / 12 / 100 = 0.015
Now, we can substitute the values into the formula:
n = -log(1 - (0.015 * 15000) / 450) / log(1 + 0.015)
Using a calculator, we can evaluate the expression:
n ≈ 45.84
Therefore, it will take Jason approximately 45.84 months to repay the loan. Since we can't have a fraction of a month, we can round up to the nearest whole month. Thus, it will take Jason approximately 46 months to repay the loan.
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The Surf's Up issues 1,000 shares of 6%,$100 par value preferred stock at the beginning of 2020 . All remaining shares are common stock. The company was not able to pay dividends in 2020 , but plans to pay dividends of $18.000 in 2021 . Assuming the preferred stock is cumulative. how much of the $18.000 dividend will be paid to preferred stockholders and how much will be paid to common stockholders in 2021 ?
The Surf's Up issues 1,000 shares of 6%,$100 par value preferred stock at the beginning of 2020. All remaining shares are common stock. The company was not able to pay dividends in 2020, but plans to pay dividends of $18.000 in 2021.
Assuming the preferred stock is cumulative. how much of the $18.000 dividend will be paid to preferred stockholders and how much will be paid to common stockholders in 2021?
Given, The Surf's Up issues 1,000 shares of 6%,$100 par value preferred stock at the beginning of 2020. All remaining shares are common stock. The company was not able to pay dividends in 2020, but plans to pay dividends of $18.000 in 2021. Assuming the preferred stock is cumulative.
To calculate the amount of dividend paid to preferred stockholders and common stockholders in 2021, we first need to find the dividend for preferred stockholders before the dividend for common stockholders is calculated.
As preferred stocks are cumulative, preferred stockholders receive unpaid dividends from previous years in addition to current year dividends.
Before the dividend for common stockholders is calculated, the preferred stockholders must receive the unpaid dividend from the previous year, which was not paid.
Dividend for preferred stockholders= (Number of preferred shares × Par value per share × Dividend rate) + (Amount of unpaid dividends)1000 × $100 × 6% + 0 = $6,000.
The dividend to be paid to preferred stockholders is $6,000.
Therefore, the amount of dividend to be paid to common stockholders is: $18,000 − $6,000 = $12,000.
Hence, preferred stockholders will be paid $6,000 and common stockholders will be paid $12,000.
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Consider the fiat currency system and the recent developments in the decentralized form of money creation. Discuss such developments in the monetary system and their effects on classifying currency as an asset class (e.g., Bitcoin). Should countries consider digital currencies powered by distributed consensus mechanisms over the legal tender system? Support your arguments.
The fiat currency system is a monetary system that has been in operation for several decades and has had its fair share of advantages and disadvantages. One of the major benefits of this system is the fact that it is easy to use and has a high degree of liquidity.
There are several arguments to support the classification of digital currencies as an asset class. Firstly, digital currencies are created through a complex and decentralized process that involves several parties. This process is designed to ensure that the currency is not controlled by any one entity or individual, making it more transparent and secure.
In conclusion, countries should consider digital currencies powered by distributed consensus mechanisms over the legal tender system. Digital currencies offer several advantages over traditional fiat currencies, including increased transparency, security, and decentralization.
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The following balances were extracted from the books of TopWatch Sdn Bhd for the year ended 31 December \( 2021 . \) Additional information: i. Closing inventory at 31 December \( 20.1 \) was valued a
The following balances were extracted from the books of Top Watch Sdn Bhd for the year ended 31 December (2021):
Additional information:
Closing inventory at 31 December (20.1) was valued at RM37,700.
Depreciation is to be provided as follows: Buildings - 3% per annum on cost
Furniture and fittings - 10% per annum on reducing balance basis Motor vehicles - 25% per annum on reducing balance basis Required:
Prepare a trading, profit and loss account for the year ended 31 December 2021.2. Prepare a balance sheet as at 31 December 2021. Trading, Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31 December 2021 Particulars RM RM Sales110,800
Less: Cost of goods sold Opening inventory (1 Jan 2021)21,300
Add: Purchases82,400 Carriage inwards4,200 Less: Closing inventory (31 Dec 2021)(37,700) (70,200) Gross profit40,600 Less: Expenses Depreciation Buildings(6,000)
Furniture and fittings [10% of (18,600 + 7,400)](2,260) Motor vehicles [25% of (30,000 + 12,000)](10,500) Salaries and wages23,600 Rent and rates7,400
Electricity2,100 Insurance3,200 Printing and stationery 900
Miscellaneous1,800 Bank charges420 Audit fees3,000 (60,180) Net loss(19,580) Balance Sheet as at 31 December 2021
Particulars Note Amount RM Amount RM Fixed assets CostBuildings1Furniture and fittings1Motor vehicles1Less: Accumulated depreciation Buildings Furniture and fittings Motor vehicles(74,000)(18,600)(30,000)(22,800)(5,100)(15,000)
Net book value25,100Current assetsStock2Debtors3Bank balance4 Cash at bank and in hand3,70021,8005,6003,700Total assets30,300Current liabilities Creditors and accruals5Taxation6(2,400)(5,100)
Net current assets23,800Financed by: Capital and reserves Opening capital Add: Net loss(29,200)19,580(9,620)
Long-term liabilities Loan from Bank Rakyat7(15,000)
Total financed by29,200
Notes:1. Fixed assets Buildings RM Furniture and fittings RM Motor vehicles RM Cost 85,000 28,000 48,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation 11,000 7,600 18,000 Net book value 74,000 20,400 30,000
Depreciation Buildings = 3% x RM85,000 = RM2,550 Furniture and fittings = 10% of (RM28,000 + RM10,000) = RM3,800 Motor vehicles = 25% of (RM48,000 + RM24,000) = RM18,7502.
Closing inventoryRM37,7003. Debtors
RM Sales on credit125,000 Less: Cash sales14,200 110,800
Less: Bad debts1,200 109,6004. Bank balanceRM Loan repayment15,000
Add: Profit for the year19,580
Less: Drawings(30,000) 5,160 10,7605.
Creditors and accruals RM Creditors3,800 Accruals600 4,4006. Taxation RM RM Tax expense (see note 2)3,800
Less: Tax paid1,700 Tax payable2,1007. Loan from Bank Rakyat RM The loan was used to purchase motor vehicles.
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QUESTION ONE participating in spoet betting she is contemplating investing Kes 5 millon in stocks ef Kiscrian Lid boday that pays a 6 ; annual dividead. The T-6ill rate is 7.90 and Diana eopects the market bo rise in value by 30 for per year. The Directors of Kiverian Lid have apgeved an ecpension popoct thon is ecpeced to increase the fim's ancual eash inflew by Kib 100 million. Infcemation on this pryoct wilt be relewed to the market logether with the amosecement of the eights issue. This dividend together with the company's camings is evpectod wo grow by 9% annually affer itseititg in the evpanisod project in ouder lo effectively manage it risk, Kiscrian lad imected in Zasset poetfolie to derersify it incomes. Their weiphes of the msets are 4% mal soe repectively, their standand deviatiens are 2th and 3.D and their botas ace 69 and 12 . rexpedively. Their muftal correlation coeffecient is 05. Reguiont: (a) Caloulate the expecied seturs of the portfolio (2. Miarks) (b) Calculare the pontotis bera (5 Marks) (60)Based on the results in (i) above, comment en the risk profile of Kiverian Management Limited, (3 Marks) felationt bo the maket (d) Do you think Diana has adopod the ripht inveameet stratezy convidering har age and itheckesen time berizon? Justify your anvwer 42 Marks) (e) Tleveting in shares is riakies than investing in fived-inceeme investmenti. Having a pontsolio of shares subjects" iavestors 10 an emodienal noller-ecaster". Thits was a cemment made by ene H Expert Pandist during an laxcsiment modia coverage at KTN TV. Comment on the statement alene and ciscuss fext key risks associaked with sharei. 43 Marks) QUESTION TWO (a) The following drata was oberincal form Befoum Microfinance- a lisensod microfinasce Black buring the financial year 2000−2021 : Net Income: \$. 1,500000 Number of equiry shares (20121): 2e0,000 Dividend paid: 3 . 4ncoio Requiont: Calculate the follereing marked value ratios foc Bakem Microfinance (i) Eamings per share (EPS) (2. Marias) (ii) Dividend per share (DMrS) (2) Marks) (iii) Divisend Payout ratio (2. Marks) (iia) Resention Patio (2. Marka) (b) Yew have been tasked by the lieksom Microfinance management to calculde the value of a 3 .
(a) Market value ratios of Bakem Microfinance:(i) Earnings per share (EPS):EPS = (Net Income - Dividends)/ Number of sharesEPS = (1,500,000 - 340,000)/200,000 = 7.8
(ii) Dividend per share (DPS):DPS = Dividends / Number of sharesDPS = 340,000/200,000 = 1.7
(iii) Dividend payout ratio:Dividend payout ratio = Dividends/Net IncomeDividend payout ratio = 340,000/1,500,000 = 0.23(iv) Retention ratio:Retention ratio = (Net Income - Dividends)/Net IncomeRetention ratio = (1,500,000 - 340,000)/1,500,000 = 0.77
(b) Calculation of the value of a 3.5% coupon bond:Let P be the price of the bond. Then:PV of the bond's cash flows = P*(1 - 1/(1+r)n)/r + FV/(1+r)nPV of the bond's cash flows = 35*(1 - 1/(1+0.1)10)/0.1 + 1000/(1+0.1)10PV of the bond's cash flows = 787.39 + 386.97 = 1174.36The value of the bond is $1174.36.
(a) Expected returns of the portfolio: Let P be the portfolio containing Kiscrian Lad.
Then:[tex]wP, = w1R1 + w2R2E(Rp) = w1E(R1) + w2E(R2) = (0.04 * 12) + (0.06 * 100) = 6.16%[/tex]
Expected returns of the portfolio are 6.16%
(b) Portfolio Beta:
[tex]βp = w1β1 + w2β2βp = (0.04 * 69) + (0.06 * 12) = 5.16[/tex]
Expected portfolio beta is 5.16.
(c)
Comments on risk profile of Kiverian Management Limited with respect to the market:Kiverian Management Limited is exposed to market risks, but this risk can be hedged against by investing in the assets with negative correlation coefficients with the market.(d) Whether Diana has adopted the right investment strategy:Yes, Diana's investment strategy is right because she is diversifying her income by investing in different assets with low correlation coefficients, therefore reducing the risk of her portfolio.
(e) Comment on the statement and key risks associated with shares:Shares are risky investments because they are volatile and their value is affected by many factors such as market trends, company earnings, economic conditions, etc. Therefore, investors must be prepared to deal with the volatility associated with shares and manage their emotions. Additionally, other key risks associated with shares include liquidity risks, concentration risks, and currency risks.
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7. Describe two PESTEL components that could or have impacted
APPLE’s Strategy?
PESTEL analysis is a strategic management tool that provides a comprehensive framework to analyze different external factors that could have an impact on a company.
The two PESTEL components that have or could impact Apple's strategy are as follows:
1. Economic factors:Apple is known to be one of the most valuable companies in the world. The global economic downturn due to the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted Apple's sales.
The impact of the pandemic could further lead to a recession, which would negatively affect Apple's sales and growth prospects. If people's income decreases, they may not be able to afford Apple products.
2. Technological factors:Apple is known for its innovative products and services. Technological advancements can impact the way Apple operates. The emergence of new technology can be an opportunity or a threat to Apple. Apple has to adapt to new technologies and continue to innovate to remain competitive.
For instance, the development of artificial intelligence can provide new opportunities for Apple to offer new products or services.
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Identify any organisation of your own choice with a number of departments interacting with each other. Imagine that the organisation has an open policy which enables employing and dealing with people who are both nationals and nonnationals. You are advised to take assumptions where necessary based on your experience with oracle database systems. QUESTION ONE a) Design the database using an enhanced entity relationship diagram (EERD). Make it as detailed as possible, reflecting; entity integrity, referential integrity, inheritance, and numeric multiplicity.
The database design for an organisation with multiple departments interacting with each other can be done using an Enhanced Entity Relationship Diagram (EERD) that includes entity integrity, referential integrity, inheritance, and numeric multiplicity.
An Enhanced Entity Relationship Diagram (EERD) can be used to design a database for an organization that includes multiple departments interacting with each other. This type of diagram is an extension of the traditional Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) and includes additional features such as entity inheritance and subtypes. It also includes additional constraints such as entity integrity and referential integrity.
Entity Integrity is a type of constraint that ensures that each entity in a table has a unique identity. This means that there are no duplicate entries in the table. It can be enforced by using a primary key or a unique key constraint.
Referential Integrity is a type of constraint that ensures that the relationships between entities are maintained. This means that when a record in one table is updated or deleted, all related records in other tables are also updated or deleted. It can be enforced by using foreign keys.
Inheritance is a type of relationship between entities that allows one entity to inherit the attributes and relationships of another entity. This is useful when there are common attributes or relationships between entities that can be reused in other entities.
Numeric Multiplicity is a type of constraint that specifies the minimum and maximum number of instances of an entity that can be related to another entity. It can be enforced by using cardinality notation such as 1:1, 1:N, N:M.
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Whisca oele of these statensents Fs corretf? A. All overseas operations present the same amount B. The value of an investment by a firm depends of the investment's cash flows. C. When selecting one of two projects, managers st from each. D. Most investors peefer greater risk over fess risk. E. Accountants record sales and expenses after the 24. The average squared difference between the actual r the: A. volatility return. B. variance. C. standard deviation. D. risk premium. E. excess return. 25. Which one of the following types of securities has icnded to produce the lowest real rate of return for the period 1926 through 2014 ? A. U.S. Trcasury bilk B. long-1erm government bonds C. small company stocks D. large company stocks E. Iong-tern corporale bonds 26. Which one of the following as a correct stafement conceming risk premium? A. The greater the volatility of returns, the greater the risk premaum. B. The lower the volatility of returns, the greater the risk p C. The lower the average rate of tetum, the greater the riv D. The risk premium is not correlated to the awerage rate o retum. E. The risk permium is not affected by the volatility of reti A. All overseas opcrations present the same announl B. The value of an investaent by a firm depends or: the investmert's cash flows. C. Whea selecting one of two projects, managers st froms cach. D. Most investors prefer greater risk over less risk. E. Accenutants record sales and expenses after the 24. The average squared difference between the actual r the: A. volatility return. B. variance. C. standard deviation. D. risk premium. E. cxcess refum. 25. Which one of the following types of securities has tended to produce the lowest real rate of return for the period 1926 through 2014 ?
The value of an investment by a firm depends on the investment's cash flows. The statement "The value of an investment by a firm depends on the investment's cash flows" is a correct statement.
This statement states that the value of investment by a company is directly proportional to the cash flows of the investment that the firm has made. A firm will evaluate its investment decision in terms of the present value of the expected cash flows associated with that investment.
This statement has significant practical implications as it will help in the effective decision making by the company. Following are the other answers for the given questions. U.S. Treasury bills26. The greater the volatility of returns, the greater the risk premium.
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Graham is gifted a pair of Nike racing shoes for his birthday by Wendy, who purchased them direct from the manufacturer several months earlier for £275. Having tried the shoes on one short run Graham has determined that the shoes are too unstable for his needs putting him at risk of injury. Wendy is unable to return them to the manufacturer given the time since purchase. On Saturday, Graham emails Claire from his local running club offering to sell the Nike shoes for £200. Claire replies on Sunday confirming that the shoes would be ideal for her for an upcoming race, but she would only be willing to pay up to £180. Graham checks his emails on Thursday, reads Claire’s email and responds saying £180 is fine. In the meantime, Claire bought a pair of the exact same shoes in the manufacturer’s online sale for £185. These arrive quickly and Claire is able to show them off at the running club on Wednesday evening, which Graham also attends. Which of the following most appropriately describes the legal position between Claire and Graham?
Claire’s reply is a counter offer that Graham is free to accept and does so.
Claire’s reply rather than an acceptance is a rejection of Graham’s offer to sell.
Claire’s reply is a counter offer that is revoked before Graham’s acceptance.
Claire’s reply rather than an acceptance is a statement in negotiation over the price.
The legal position between Claire and Graham is that Claire's reply is a counteroffer that is revoked before Graham's acceptance.
A counteroffer is a proposal made by the offeree in response to the offeror's initial offer. It has the legal effect of rejecting the original offer. If the offeree sends a counteroffer, the original offer becomes invalid, and the contract cannot be created unless the offeror accepts the counteroffer.
According to the case study, Graham offered to sell the Nike shoes for £200, and Claire responded on Sunday, stating that the shoes would be perfect for her upcoming race, but she would only be willing to pay up to £180. Claire's response is not an acceptance but a counteroffer.
Claire's counteroffer was revoked before Graham accepted it. Claire bought a pair of the exact same shoes from the manufacturer's online sale for £185 while Graham was waiting for a reply.
Claire's purchase of a pair of shoes from the manufacturer's online sale for £185 demonstrates her unwillingness to pay more than £185 for the shoes. Claire's email rejecting Graham's offer to sell can be interpreted as a statement made during price negotiation.
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currently the federal minimum wage is 7.25 should the federal government raise the minimum wage? why or why not?
How will this impact businesses and consumers? would there be any other things to vonsider if wages are raised?
Currently, the federal minimum wage is 7.25 should the federal government raise the minimum wage? why or why not?
How will this impact businesses and consumers? would there be any other things to consider if wages are raised?
Yes, the federal government should raise the minimum wage in order to provide a living wage for workers. The current minimum wage of $7.25 per hour has been in place since 2009, and it is no longer enough to cover basic living expenses
However, increasing the minimum wage would also have an impact on businesses and consumers. Businesses that employ minimum wage workers would see an increase in their labor costs, which could lead to higher prices for goods and services. Consumers would likely have to pay more for these goods and services, which could lead to a decrease in demand.
Additionally, there are other factors to consider if wages are raised. For example, some argue that raising the minimum wage could lead to job loss, as businesses may be forced to cut back on staff in order to offset the increased labor costs. Others argue that raising the minimum wage could lead to increased automation, as businesses look for ways to reduce their labor costs.
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advertising by advocacy groups and governmental agencies that attempt to reduce demand for a product is called
Advertising by advocacy groups and governmental agencies that attempt to reduce demand for a product is called de-marketing.
De-marketing is a technique that can help businesses manage the cost and demand for their goods. This tactic can assist businesses in achieving their objectives for growth or profit. Understanding the demarketing tenets will help you implement these tactics in the workplace if you're interested in a career in marketing or other business-related fields.
Demarketing is the process through which a business creates plans to lower product consumption. Demarketing tries to restrict the reach of a product, in contrast to traditional marketing, which frequently motivates consumers to buy additional things. Companies can use it to regulate product consumption and pricing in a number of circumstances.
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Hotel Decent has a fixed cost of $100,000 and a variable cost of $10/night. Assuming that the room rent for the hotel was $35/night: What is the Contribution per Unit?What is the Break Even Point?Assuming that the hotel rents out 6,000 rooms per night at $35/night, then using the same fixed cost and variable cost as the previous two questions:How much would the Total Revenue be?How much would the total variable cost be?How much profit does the hotel make?
There are total revenue would be $210,000. The total variable cost would be $60,000. The profit would be $50,000.
The donation is $35 - $10 = $25 per unit.
Divide the fixed cost by the contribution per unit to determine the break-even point. The break-even figure in this scenario is $100,000 / $25, or 4,000 nights.
The total revenue would be $210,000 (6,000 x $35) if the hotel rents out 6,000 rooms each night at $35 each.
With 6,000 times $10, the total variable cost would be $60,000.
The total expense in this scenario would be $160,000 ($100,000 + $60,000). The profit would therefore be $50,000 ($210,000 - $160,000).
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