Answer: b. it's profitable in the short run for another member to increase production.
Explanation:
This refers to an oligopolistic market where there are few producers of a good. These producers can come together to create a cartel that fixes prices for the goods and services they produce.
If they agree to cut back production, this will have the effect of increasing prices due to a reduction in supply. If a member decides to increase production, they would enjoy profits in the short term from the increased prices.
The other members would however respond by increasing production as well so those profits would stop towards the long run.
Savers make deposits and investments in order to earn what?
Why don't savers invest their money directly with the businesses?
Answer:
Savers make deposits and investment in order to earn interest on their money. This often works very well because they do not earn only interest as a percentage of their money, but also interest as a percentage of previously accrued interest, something known as compound interest.
Savers do not invest their money directly with the businesses because real economic activity tends to be riskier (although it could also be more profitable for this same reason). This is why they often prefer to invest the money on financial instruments.