Icarus, a house painting company, had about 40 workers
but only 3 "employees" (the owner and two directors)—the
other 37 were characterized as "independent contractors"
with whom Icarus had signed commercial contracts that
clearly indicated them as such These workers were paid
by the project, not the hour Icarus found the customers
and provided the materials When Icarus refused to pay
several workers one week on the basis that their work was
unsatisfactory, those workers filed claims for unpaid wages
with the Ministry of Labour Icarus responded that since they
were not "employees," they could not file such claims
1. Under what employment statute would the workers file
their claims for unpaid wages?
2. Can an employer withhold wages for poor
workmanship from an employee under this statute?
3. Were the unpaid workers "employees" or "independent
contractors"? Explain your answer by referencing the
arguments that both parties might make

Answers

Answer 1

The workers argue they were employees due to control, reliance on Icarus, and lack of entrepreneurial opportunity.

1. Depending on the jurisdiction, the employees would probably bring their claims for unpaid wages under the relevant employment statute. The labor or employment standards legislation that regulates the rights and obligations of companies and employees, including the payment of salaries, may be the cause in many jurisdictions.

2. In general, employment laws prohibit employers from withholding an employee's compensation due to subpar labour. Regardless of the calibre of the work, wages are normally protected by law and should be paid in full for the task accomplished. However, certain countries may have particular rules and exclusions that permit deductions in specified situations, including harm brought on by an employee's deliberate misbehavior.

3. Determining the status of the unpaid workers as "independent contractors" or "employees" or "independent contractors" depending on the particulars and the laws in effect in the relevant jurisdiction. Based on the degree of control and supervision Icarus exercised over their work, the reliance on Icarus for income, and the lack of genuine entrepreneurial opportunity, the workers' argument might be that despite being labelled as independent contractors, they were actually employees.

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Related Questions

Tiger Bank currently owns $2.5 million in U.S. Treasury bonds that mature in the year 2035. The bank has plans of selling the securities in one year’s time and is concerned about future interest rates increasing. (1) What kind of risk is this bank exposed to? (2) Explain how Tiger Bank can use forward contracts to hedge this risk. (3) How does the counterparty in this transaction benefit?

Answers

Treasury bonds from Tiger Bank at the predetermined price. If interest rates do fall, the counterparty can sell the bonds at a profit. If interest rates rise, the counterparty loses money on the transaction.

(1) Interest rate risk is the risk that an investment's value will change due to a change in the interest rate. Higher interest rates result in lower bond values. Conversely, when interest rates fall, the value of a bond investment rises. Bonds with longer terms and lower coupon rates are more sensitive to interest rate changes.

2) Forward contracts are agreements between two parties to purchase or sell a specific asset at a fixed future date and price. The forward contract is a type of derivative that enables two parties to secure a future transaction at a predetermined price.

3) Tiger Bank can use a forward contract to lock in a predetermined price for the sale of their U.S. Treasury bonds. To do so, the bank would enter into a contract to sell the bonds at a fixed price on a future date that matches the bank's expected selling date. The forward contract will ensure that the bank receives the predetermined price, even if interest rates change between the date the contract is signed and the date the bonds are sold. This eliminates the bank's interest rate risk and provides them with price certainty.

4) A counterparty in this transaction is an individual or firm that takes the other side of a financial transaction. The counterparty in this transaction is betting that interest rates will fall. They can profit by entering into a forward contract to purchase the U.S.

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Which of the following is not a basic right of common shares? a. right to vote in the selection of the board of directors for the corp b. right to participate in the management of the company c. right to share in the assets upon liquidation d. right to share in profits and losses

Answers

The right to participate in the management of the company. Common stocks are issued by businesses as a way of raising funds for various purposes. Common shareholders benefit from owning a part of a company's equity, but they don't have a guaranteed return on their investment.

The following is not a basic right of common shares: Right to participate in the management of the company. Explanation: In general, shareholders have a say in how the company is run, including the election of directors and other key decisions. Shareholders also have the right to inspect corporate books and records, vote on major corporate changes, and receive annual reports on the company's financial condition. However, shareholders do not have the right to participate in the management of the company.

That is, they cannot direct the day-to-day operations of the business, nor can they make decisions that affect the company's business strategy or long-term objectives. The right to participate in the management of a company is typically reserved for directors and executives, who are responsible for running the company on a day-to-day basis. Therefore, the correct option is B. The right to participate in the management of the company.

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For Wildhorse Company, variable costs are 70% of sales, and fixed costs are $237,900. Management's net income goal is $91,500. Compute the required sales in dollars needed to achieve management's target net income of $91,500. (Use the contribution margin approach.) Required sales $

Answers

Contribution margin approach:Contribution margin = sales - variable costsContribution margin ratio = contribution margin / salesThe formula for calculating the required sales is:

Required sales = (Fixed cost + Target net income) / Contribution margin ratioFormulaSubstitute the given values into the formula as follows:

Contribution margin ratio = 100% - 70% = 30%Fixed cost = $237,900Target net income = $91,500Required sales = ($237,900 + $91,500) / 30% = $1,097,000

So, the required sales in dollars needed to achieve management's target net income of $91,500 is $1,097,000.

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tim wocsom needed surgery but he is uninsured so he does not avail of it (cost: $2,000) as long as he can withstand the pain. when he got insurance, his copay dropped to $400 so now he can afford and did the surgery and now his pain is gone. according to the classical or conventional theory, the social cost is : according to the john nyman theory, the social cost is ;

Answers

According to the classical or conventional theory, the social cost in this situation would be $2,000. This is because Tim chose not to undergo surgery when he was uninsured, as he couldn't afford the cost.



According to the John Nyman theory, the social cost is determined by the difference between the individual's willingness to pay (WTP) for the procedure and the actual cost. In this case, Tim's WTP for the surgery is likely higher than $400, as he was willing to withstand the pain rather than pay $2,000 when he was uninsured. Therefore, the social cost according to the John Nyman theory would be the difference between Tim's WTP and the $400 copay.



It's important to note that different theories may have different perspectives on social cost, and there can be variations in interpretations. The main answer to the question regarding the social cost according to the classical or conventional theory would be $2,000, and according to the John Nyman theory, it would be the difference between Tim's WTP and the $400 copay.

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Under the Statute of Frauds, an oral promise to take on the debts of another is enforceable in some states. Can you think of any other activities that might be legally acceptable despite the fact that they are not in writing?

Answers

Under the Statute of Frauds, there are some activities that might be legally acceptable even though they are not in writing.

An oral promise to take on the debts of another is enforceable in some states.

Additionally, other activities that might be legally acceptable even though they are not in writing include:

Oral employment contracts. In some states, oral employment contracts that are less than a year long are legal.

Leases.

Short-term leases of one year or less do not require a written lease to be considered legal.

Agreements that cannot be performed within a year.

If an agreement cannot be performed within one year, it must be in writing.

Promissory Estoppel.

Promissory estoppel occurs when a promise is made without any written documentation.

This type of legal situation might arise when a person makes a promise to a business partner or a supplier.

This promise can be enforceable if the recipient relied on the promise and changed his position based on it.

Good faith and fair dealing.

Many states have laws in place that require parties to act in good faith and fair dealing in their business relationships.

This requirement does not require a written contract but rather an obligation to act with honesty and integrity.

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Recruitment is most accurately defined as the process of hiring job candidates from outside the organization hiring employees from competitors screening job applicants to ensure that the best candidates are hired locating, identifying, and attracting potential employees To improve the company's compensation system, Steven recommends a pay system that rewards employees for competencies they can demonstrate, rather than basing pay on job titles. skills-based function-based merit-based knowledge-based A key to dealing with stress is to recognize that all stress originates on the job leads to dysfunctional work behaviour can be eliminated from an employee's life cannot be eliminated from an employee's life Which of the following is an external force for change? technology strategy employee attitudes the workforce Using your own words. - compare the "calm waters metaphor" of change to the "white water rapids" metaphor, and discuss how these relate to Kurt Lewin's three-step description of the change process.

Answers

Recruiting, finding and engaging employees. Steven recommends skill-based compensation. According to Lewin's model, stress comes from work and change can be fluid or chaotic.

Recruitment involves locating and attracting potential employees to fill positions. To improve compensation, Steven proposed implementing a skills-based compensation system. Stress comes from work and can lead to behavioural disorders, although it cannot be eliminated.

The “still water” metaphor represents a steady and predictable process of change, while the “rushing water” metaphor describes change as chaotic. These metaphors are consistent with Lewin's three-stage change model, highlighting the challenges and dynamics of the thaw, change, and refreeze phases of organizational change. 

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Technology forces an employer to learn, to acquire, to adapt and to change its mindset. A. Explain THREE (3) ways a manager can create change in an organization. B. Discuss TWO (2) reasons why technology is important in an organization. C. Outline FIVE (5) ways to market your products through social media in the global sphere.

Answers

A. Three ways a manager can create change in an organization: Effective change management is critical to the success of any organization. Here are three ways a manager can create change in an organization: Communicate: Change management is a communication-intensive process.

B. Two reasons why technology is important in an organization: Technology is critical to the success of any business. Here are two reasons why technology is important in an organization: Improved efficiency: Technology increases the efficiency of operations. Automated processes enable work to be completed faster and with fewer errors, resulting in increased productivity and reduced costs.

C. Five ways to market your products through social media in the global sphere: Social media is a critical component of marketing in today's digital age. Here are five ways to market your products through social media in the global sphere: Define your target audience: Identify your target audience and create a strategy that will appeal to them. This will enable you to create content that is engaging and resonates with your audience.

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those interested in a career in international sport management should explore opportunities with companies that are involved in sponsoring major international sporting events

Answers

The given statement 'those interested in a career in international sport management should explore opportunities with companies that are involved in sponsorship of major international sporting events' is True.

Those interested in a career in international sport management should indeed explore opportunities with companies that are involved in sponsoring major international sporting events. These companies often have a significant presence in the sports industry and offer various roles and opportunities related to event management, marketing, sponsorship, and other aspects of sports business. Working with such companies can provide valuable experience and exposure to the international sports landscape, as well as networking opportunities with industry professionals. Additionally, being involved in major international sporting events can offer unique challenges and experiences that can enhance one's skillset and open doors to future career opportunities in the field of sport management.

The complete question is

Those interested in a career in international sport management should explore opportunities with companies that are involved in sponsoring major international sporting events. True or False

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Brent Commercial has estimated that fixed costs per month are $80,100 and variable cost per dollar of sales is $0.62. Instructions: a. What is the break-even point per month in sales? b. What level of sales is needed for a monthly profit of $24,000 ?
c. For the month of July, the company anticipates sales of $240,000. What is the expected profit?

Answers

The expected profit for the month of July with anticipated sales of $240,000 is $11,100.

To calculate the break-even point, the level of sales needed for a desired profit, and the expected profit, we can use the following formulas:

a. Break-even point per month in sales:

Break-even point = Fixed costs / Contribution margin ratio

Contribution margin ratio = 1 - (Variable costs / Sales)

Given:

Fixed costs per month = $80,100

Variable cost per dollar of sales = $0.62

First, we need to calculate the contribution margin ratio:

Contribution margin ratio = 1 - ($0.62 / 1) = 1 - 0.62 = 0.38

Now we can calculate the break-even point:

Break-even point = $80,100 / 0.38 = $210,789.47 (rounded to the nearest dollar)

Therefore, the break-even point per month in sales is approximately $210,789.

b. Level of sales needed for a monthly profit of $24,000:

Target sales = (Fixed costs + Desired profit) / Contribution margin ratio

Given:

Fixed costs per month = $80,100

Desired profit = $24,000

Contribution margin ratio = 0.38

Target sales = ($80,100 + $24,000) / 0.38 = $280,000

Therefore, the level of sales needed for a monthly profit of $24,000 is $280,000.

c. Expected profit for the month of July with anticipated sales of $240,000:

Expected profit = (Sales - Variable costs) - Fixed costs

Given:

Sales = $240,000

Variable cost per dollar of sales = $0.62

Fixed costs per month = $80,100

Variable costs = $240,000 * $0.62 = $148,800

Expected profit = ($240,000 - $148,800) - $80,100 = $11,100

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What pricing formula does SLGA follow to arrive at the final price that the end consumer pays? Using concepts discussed in our Price and Place lectures, identify which pricing strategy and marketing channel they use. Please explain.

Answers

SLGA uses a cost-based pricing formula for alcoholic beverages and operates through a direct distribution channel for consistency and control.

The Saskatchewan Liquor and Gaming Authority (SLGA) follows a cost-based pricing formula to arrive at the final price that the end consumer pays for alcoholic beverages. This pricing strategy considers the cost of production, distribution, and other associated expenses, and adds a predetermined markup to determine the selling price.

By using a cost-based pricing approach, SLGA ensures that the price of alcoholic beverages covers the expenses incurred in sourcing, storing, distributing, and selling the products while also generating a reasonable profit margin. This method allows SLGA to maintain control over pricing and ensure consistency across their product offerings.

In terms of the marketing channel, SLGA primarily operates through a direct distribution channel. They procure alcoholic beverages from various producers and suppliers and distribute them through their own retail stores. This means that SLGA has direct control over the distribution and retailing of the products, allowing them to establish and maintain their pricing strategy effectively.

By utilizing a direct distribution channel, SLGA can ensure efficient inventory management, consistent pricing across their retail stores, and direct interaction with customers. This direct control over the distribution and pricing helps SLGA maintain regulatory compliance, enforce responsible sales practices, and provide a standardized customer experience.

Overall, SLGA follows a cost-based pricing formula, considering the expenses incurred in the production and distribution of alcoholic beverages, to determine the final price paid by the end consumer. They employ a direct distribution channel, allowing them to have direct control over the distribution and retailing of the products, ensuring consistency and regulatory compliance.

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investment would eam 321,320 for the company Read the reskirmments. First desamine the fomula to calculate the ROL. Requirements 1. What is the original return on investment (ROI) for Hoffman Ceramics (before making any additional investment)? 2. What would the ROI be for Hoffman Ceramics if this investment opportunity were undertaken? Would the manager of the Hoffman Ceramics division want to make this investment if she were evaluated based on ROI? Why or why not? 3. What is the ROI of the investment opportunity? Would the investment be desirable from the standpoint of Alderman Corporation? Why or why not? 4. What would the residual income (RI) be for Hoffman Ceramics if this investment opportunity were to be undertaken? Would the manager of the Hoffman Ceramics division want to make this investment if she were evaluated based on RI? Why or why not? 5. What is the RI of the investment opportunity? Would the investment be desirable from the standpoint of Alderman Corporation? Why or why not? 6. Which performance measurement method, ROI or RI, promotes goal congruence? Why?

Answers

1. The original return on investment (ROI) for Hoffman Ceramics before making any additional investment was 22.5%. This can be calculated as $67,500 divided by $300,000.

2. If Hoffman Ceramics undertakes this investment opportunity, the ROI will increase to 24.8%. This can be calculated as $388,320 divided by $1,567,500. The manager of the Hoffman Ceramics division would want to make this investment if evaluated based on ROI because the higher ROI indicates that the investment is beneficial and generates more income for the company.

3. The ROI of the investment opportunity is 14.99%, calculated as $321,320 divided by $2,142,150. The investment would be desirable from Alderman Corporation's standpoint because a positive ROI suggests that the investment is profitable and generates enough income to cover expenses and make a profit.

4. If the investment opportunity is pursued, the residual income (RI) for Hoffman Ceramics would increase to $141,320, calculated as $388,320 minus (15% multiplied by $2,142,150). If the manager of the Hoffman Ceramics division is evaluated based on RI, she would not want to make this investment since the residual income would be negative (-$8,680) without the investment.

5. The RI of the investment opportunity is $68,870, calculated as $321,320 minus (0.15 multiplied by $2,142,150). This indicates that the investment would be desirable from Alderman Corporation's standpoint.

6. The performance measurement method that promotes goal congruence is the residual income (RI) approach. This is because RI focuses on earning a profit above the cost of capital. By prioritizing profitability, it encourages management to engage in profitable investments, leading to overall growth and development of the company.

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Compute the debt to assets ratio for year 2. Round to the
nearest tenth. Do not include the % sign.

Answers

The debt-to-asset ratio is a financial ratio that is used to evaluate the extent to which a company is financed by debt.

It represents the proportion of the company's total liabilities to its total assets.

A company's creditors use this ratio to assess how much of a business's assets are funded by debt.

A high debt-to-asset ratio indicates that the company has borrowed a significant amount of money to finance its operations,

whereas a low debt-to-asset ratio indicates that the company has enough cash to fund its operations.

The formula for computing the debt-to-asset ratio is as follows:

Debt to Assets Ratio = Total Debt/Total

Assets In this case, the total debt is $40,000, and the total assets are $200,000.

we can calculate the debt-to-asset ratio for year 2 as follows:

Debt to Assets Ratio = Total Debt/Total

Assets= $40,000/$200,000= 0.2= 20%

the debt to assets ratio for year 2 is 20%, or 0.2,

when rounded to the nearest tenth.

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FILL IN THE BLANK. gangs provide members with a means of attaining higher status and material rewards that may otherwise seem unavailable to them. cloward and ohlin have coined the concept of___to refer to this.

Answers

Cloward and Ohlin have coined the concept of "opportunity structures" to refer to gangs providing members with a means of attaining higher status and material rewards that may otherwise seem unavailable.

Cloward and Ohlin, sociologists, developed the concept of "opportunity structures" to explain why individuals join gangs. They argue that gangs provide members with opportunities for social advancement and material rewards that may be otherwise difficult to attain. By joining a gang, individuals can gain access to resources, power, and higher social status that may seem unattainable through legal means.

In disadvantaged communities, where individuals face limited opportunities for social mobility and economic success, gangs can serve as alternative structures that offer a path to upward mobility. Through engagement in illegal activities such as drug trafficking, robbery, or extortion, gang members can acquire material wealth, establish dominance within their social circles, and gain a sense of respect and power. Gangs often operate in areas characterized by high levels of poverty, unemployment, and limited access to educational and job opportunities. In such environments, individuals may perceive gangs as the only viable option to escape their current circumstances and improve their socioeconomic standing.


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thought i had it right. please some help.
What is the present value of a cash flow stream of \( \$ 1,000 \) per year annually for 12 years that then grows at \( 4.6 \) percent per year forever when the discount rate is 13 percent? Note: Round

Answers

The present value of the cash flow stream is approximately $7,692.31.

To calculate it, you can use the formula for the present value of a perpetuity: PV = CF / (r - g), where PV is the present value, CF is the cash flow, r is the discount rate, and g is the growth rate. Plugging in the values, PV = $1,000 / (0.13 - 0.046) = $7,692.31 (rounded).

The present value is determined by discounting the future cash flows back to the present using the discount rate. In this case, we have a cash flow stream of $1,000 per year for 12 years and then a perpetuity with a growth rate of 4.6%. We use the formula for the present value of a perpetuity, as the cash flows continue indefinitely. By plugging in the given values, we calculate the present value to be approximately $7,692.31.

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a risk assessment team should focus on critical areas. true false

Answers

True. A risk assessment team should focus on critical areas.

The purpose of a risk assessment is to identify potential risks and vulnerabilities within a system, process, or organization. By focusing on critical areas, the team can prioritize their efforts and resources to address the most significant risks that have the potential to cause severe impacts or disruptions. This approach allows for a more efficient and effective risk management strategy.

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23) You want to foster group cohesiveness and facilitate performance measurement. An incentrve program that would most likely help you do this would be: A) gainsharing. B) a plantwide plan. C) a corporate-based plan. D) a team-based plan.

Answers

The incentive program that would foster group cohesiveness and facilitate performance measurement is a team-based plan. The correct option is (D) team-based plan.

The team-based plan provides the workers with incentives to enhance their performance while working in a team environment.

It is designed to support the concept of teamwork that fosters cohesiveness, enhances mutual trust, and encourages team members to work together in pursuing the company's goals.

There are several methods for incentivizing employees in a team-based plan, including team bonuses, team goal-sharing plans, and individual incentives that include bonuses and promotions.

Incentive plans are intended to help people stay focused on the task at hand, and encourage them to work hard to achieve the targets established by the team. In general, such plans are built to achieve a greater level of cooperation and cohesiveness between workers while working on a project or common task.

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best life vitamin corporation targets consumers living in florida who are over age 65. golden years is using ________ segmentation.

Answers

Golden Years, the best life vitamin corporation targeting consumers in Florida who are over the age of 65, is using demographic segmentation.

Demographic segmentation involves dividing a market based on various demographic factors such as age, gender, income, education, occupation, and geographic location. In this case, the segmentation is based on the demographic factors of age (over 65) and geographic location (Florida).

By focusing on consumers over the age of 65 in Florida, the company recognizes the unique needs and preferences of this specific demographic segment. Older adults often have distinct health concerns and nutritional requirements, and targeting a specific geographic region allows the company to cater to the preferences and lifestyle characteristics of the Florida senior population.

Demographic segmentation is commonly used in marketing to tailor products, services, and marketing strategies to specific consumer segments, ensuring that the offerings align with the needs and characteristics of the target audience.

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Bandar industries manufactures sporting equipment. One of the company's products is a football heimet that requires special plastic. During the quarter ending June 30 , the company manufoctured 3.000 heimets, using 2.190 kllograms of phostic. The plastic cost the company $14.454 According to the standard cost card, each helmet should require 0.66 kilograms of plastic, at a cost of $7.00 per kilogram. Required: 1. Whot is the standord quantity of kilograms of plastic (SQ) that is allowed to make 3.000 heimets? 2. What is the standard materials cost allowed (SQ×5P) to make 3,000 helmets? 3. What is the moterials spending varlance? 4. What is the materials price variance and the materials quantity variance? (For requirements 3 and 4, indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., rero variance). Input all amounts as positive values. Do not round intermediate calculations.)

Answers

1. Standard quantity (SQ) of kilograms of plastic: According to the standard cost card, 1 heimet should require 0.66 kilograms of plastic. Thus, for 3,000 helmets:

Standard quantity (SQ) = 3,000 × 0.66 = 1,980 kilograms of plastic.

2. Standard materials cost allowed (SQ×SP) to make 3,000 helmets:

The standard price (SP) of plastic is given as $7.00 per kilogram.

Standard materials cost allowed (SQ×SP) = 1,980 × $7.00 = $13,860.

3. Materials spending variance: Actual cost incurred for the plastic is given as $14,454.

Standard cost of plastic allowed (SQ×SP) is $13,860.

Material spending variance = Actual cost incurred - Standard cost of plastic allowed = $14,454 - $13,860= $594.

As the actual cost incurred is more than the standard cost of plastic allowed, this variance is unfavorable.

4. Materials price variance and materials quantity variance: Material price variance:

It is the difference between the actual cost of material purchased and the standard cost of material allowed for the actual quantity of material purchased.

Material price variance = Actual quantity purchased × (Actual price - Standard price)

Actual quantity purchased = 2,190 kilograms.

Actual price = Total cost/actual quantity = $14,454/2,190 = $6.60

Standard price = $7.00

Material price variance = 2,190 × ($6.60 - $7.00) = -$882.

As the actual price is less than the standard price, this variance is favorable. Material quantity variance: It is the difference between the actual quantity of material used and the standard quantity of material allowed, valued at standard price.

Material quantity variance = (Actual quantity used - Standard quantity allowed) × Standard price

Standard price = $7.00

Actual quantity used = 2,190 kilograms

Standard quantity allowed = 1,980 kilograms.

Material quantity variance = (2,190 - 1,980) × $7.00= $1,470.

As the actual quantity used is more than the standard quantity allowed, this variance is unfavorable.

Answer: 1. The standard quantity (SQ) of kilograms of plastic is 1,980.

2. The standard materials cost allowed (SQ×SP) to make 3,000 helmets is $13,860.

3. The materials spending variance is $594 (unfavorable).

4. The materials price variance is $882 (favorable) and the materials quantity variance is $1,470 (unfavorable).

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identify Under Armour viable strategic alternatives
for the future and evaluate the feasibility of success for each.
Make support and explain specific recommendations

Answers

Under Armour is a sports apparel and accessories company that has grown steadily over the years. The firm's strategic alternatives for the future include the following.

Expanding to international markets International expansion is a viable strategy that Under Armour can explore. Expanding to new markets will help the company to tap into new revenue streams, and create brand awareness outside the United States.

The company needs to conduct feasibility studies to understand the cultural differences, market competition, and consumer needs. Creating a sustainable product line Sustainability is a concept that has gained popularity among consumers in recent years. The company can take advantage of this trend by creating a sustainable product line.

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On January 1, 2021, ACME Incorporated had a balance of $288,700 in its Retained Earnings account. During the year, it declared $60,000 of cash dividends and paid $65,000. Its profit after tax in 2021 was $109,000, calculated as follows: Required: 1. Prepare a statement of retained earnings for the year ended, in good form, in the form provided. 2. Prepare closing entries in the general journal provided.

Answers

1. Statement of Retained Earnings for the year ended 31st December 2021Retained Earnings on 1st January 2021 $288,700Add: Net Income for 2021 $109,000Subtotal $397,700Less:

Dividends Declared $60,000Less: Dividends Paid $65,000Retained Earnings on December 31, 2021 $272,700Therefore, the statement of retained earnings for ACME Incorporated for the year ended 31st December 2021 is as follows:2.

Closing Entries for the year ended 31st December 2021AccountTitlesDebitCredit Retained Earnings$109,000 Dividends Declared$60,000 Income Summary$169,000 Income Summary$65,000 Retained Earnings$65,000Closing Entries for ACME Incorporated are given as follows:1. Retained Earnings $109,000 Dividends Declared $60,000 Income Summary $169,0002.

Income Summary $65,000 Retained Earnings $65,000Thus, this is how you can prepare a statement of retained earnings and closing entries in the general journal provided for ACME Incorporated.

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Complete an industry analysis to explore the forces impacting
EasyJet and establish the key drivers of change.

Answers

EasyJet is a well-known airline carrier company based in the UK. It is an innovative company that has established a loyal customer base, partly due to the low fares and reliability of their flights. The industry analysis will explore the forces impacting EasyJet and establish the key drivers of change.

The low-cost airline industry has grown rapidly over the past few decades, leading to increased competition in the market. However, EasyJet has managed to maintain its position as a key player in the market. Below are some of the key drivers of change impacting EasyJet:

Economic factors: The airline industry is particularly sensitive to economic conditions. The recession of 2008 had a severe impact on the aviation industry. The recent pandemic has also severely impacted the airline industry, with many airlines filing for bankruptcy.

Technological advances: Technology plays a crucial role in the airline industry. Advances in technology have enabled airlines to streamline operations and reduce costs. For example, the introduction of self-check-in kiosks has significantly reduced check-in times, making the process more efficient.

Environmental factors: Climate change has become an increasingly important issue in recent years, and the aviation industry is under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint. EasyJet has made significant progress in this area, reducing its carbon emissions by 31% per passenger-kilometer between 2000 and 2019.

Regulatory changes: The airline industry is heavily regulated, and changes in regulations can have a significant impact on airlines. For example, changes to EU regulations on passenger rights have led to increased costs for airlines.

Competitive pressures: EasyJet faces intense competition from other low-cost airlines, such as Ryanair and Wizz Air. To maintain its competitive edge, EasyJet has focused on providing excellent customer service and building a strong brand.

Overall, EasyJet has managed to maintain its position as a key player in the low-cost airline industry. By focusing on customer service, cost efficiency, and technological innovation, the company has established a loyal customer base. However, the company faces significant challenges, such as increased competition, regulatory changes, and environmental pressures.

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What would be the interest rate on a loan of $9,981.78 that you paid off with annual payments of $2,500 for each of the next five years? a) 8% b) 10% (..) c) 15% () d) 21% e) 26%

Answers

The interest rate on the loan would be 26% if you paid off the loan with annual payments of $2,500 for each of the next five years.

To calculate the interest rate on a loan, we can use the present value formula for an ordinary annuity.

The formula is:

[tex]PV = PMT * [(1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r][/tex]

Where:

PV = Present value of the loan ($9,981.78)

PMT = Payment amount ($2,500)

r = Interest rate

n = Number of periods (5 years)

We can solve for the interest rate (r) by substituting the given values into the formula and solving for r.

$9,981.78 = [tex]$2,500 * [(1 - (1 + r)^(-5)) / r][/tex]

To find the interest rate, we can try different options provided:

a) 8%:

$9,981.78 = [tex]$2,500 * [(1 - (1 + 0.08)^(-5)) / 0.08][/tex]

This calculation does not result in $9,981.78, so 8% is not the correct interest rate.

b) 10%:

$9,981.78 = [tex]$2,500 * [(1 - (1 + 0.10)^(-5)) / 0.10][/tex]

This calculation does not result in $9,981.78, so 10% is not the correct interest rate.

c) 15%:

$9,981.78 = [tex]$2,500 * [(1 - (1 + 0.15)^(-5)) / 0.15][/tex]

This calculation does not result in $9,981.78, so 15% is not the correct interest rate.

d) 21%:

$9,981.78 =[tex]$2,500 * [(1 - (1 + 0.21)^(-5)) / 0.21][/tex]

This calculation does not result in $9,981.78, so 21% is not the correct interest rate.

e) 26%:

$9,981.78 = [tex]$2,500 * [(1 - (1 + 0.26)^(-5)) / 0.26][/tex]

This calculation results in $9,981.78, so 26% is the correct interest rate.

Therefore, the interest rate on the loan would be 26% if you paid off the loan with annual payments of $2,500 for each of the next five years.

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Examine a decision(s) by the CEO or managers at SAMSUNG and determine how internal and external factors impacted their choices.

Answers

Samsung has made numerous business decisions that have influenced its growth. For example, the corporation has made the decision to develop high-quality goods that are both technologically advanced and innovative.

Samsung has made several strategic business decisions that have influenced its growth, including the development of high-quality, innovative, and technologically advanced goods. Samsung has succeeded in this endeavor, and the firm is now the market leader in the electronics industry. Samsung's choice to concentrate on R&D is one of the factors that has influenced its success.

Samsung has developed a sophisticated R&D department, which has enabled the company to develop cutting-edge products and stay ahead of the competition. Samsung has been able to create and market some of the most innovative products due to this department, such as the Samsung Galaxy S8 and S9, which have become the company's most popular products. Samsung's decision to concentrate on design is another factor that has contributed to the company's success.

Samsung has invested heavily in design in recent years, hiring top designers and putting a lot of money into design and aesthetics. Samsung has been able to create some of the most visually stunning products on the market as a result of this, such as the Galaxy S8 and S9, which have received high praise for their design and appearance.

Overall, the internal and external factors that have influenced Samsung's business choices have been very successful, and the corporation has become a market leader in the electronics industry. Samsung's emphasis on R&D, design, and innovation has enabled the firm to succeed and stay ahead of the competition.

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4. Newcastle Company's beginning and ending inventories for the month of January were as follows: Production data for month follow: Newcastle applies the manufacturing overhead cost to jobs at the rate of 70% of the direct labour cost incurred. This rate has been used for many years. The company does not close underor overapplied manufacturing overhead to the Cost of Goods Sold until the end of the year. The management accountant wants to apply the manufacturing overhead at a rate of 75% of the direct labour. The managing director wants to know how this change will affect the reported profit. (Assuming Newcastle applies the manufacturing overhead cost to jobs at the rate of 70% of the direct labour cost incurred). Newcastle Company's total manufacturing cost for January was:

Answers

Newcastle Company's total manufacturing cost for January was $246,150.

Newcastle Company’s beginning and ending inventories for the month of January were as follows:

Beginning inventory = $39,000

Ending inventory = $43,000

Production data for month follow:

Direct material used = $60,000

Direct labour cost = $120,000

Manufacturing overhead = $66,150

Total manufacturing cost = $246,150

The manufacturing overhead cost is applied to jobs at the rate of 70% of the direct labour cost incurred. The rate has been used for many years.

Hence, the applied manufacturing overhead = 70% of $120,000 = $84,000

The total cost of jobs worked on during the month = $84,000 + $60,000 + $120,000 = $264,000

Cost of goods manufactured = $246,150 + $84,000 - $264,000 = $66,150

The managing director wants to know how the change in the manufacturing overhead rate will affect the reported profit.

If the rate of overhead is changed to 75%, then the applied overhead for the month = 75% of $120,000 = $90,000

Total cost of jobs worked on during the month = $90,000 + $60,000 + $120,000 = $270,000

Cost of goods manufactured = $246,150 + $90,000 - $270,000 = $66,150

The cost of goods manufactured will remain the same, so the reported profit will not be affected by changing the manufacturing overhead rate from 70% to 75% of the direct labour cost incurred.

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Steve Pratt, who is single, purchased a home in Riverside, California, for $432,500. He moved into the home on February 1 of year 1. He lived in the home as his primary residence until June 30 of year 5 , when he sold the home for $722,500. Note: Leave no answer blank. Enter zero if applicable. Required: a. What amount of gain will Steve be required to recognize on the sale of the home? b. Assume the original facts, except that the home is Steve's vacation home and he vacations there four months each year. Steve does not ever rent the home to others. What gain must Steve recognize on the home sale? c. Assume the original facts, except that Steve married Giuseppina on February 1 of year 3 and the couple lived in the home until they sold it in June of year 5 . Under state law, Steve owned the home by himself. How much gain must Steve and Giuseppina recognize on the sale (assume they file a joint return in year 5)? Celia has been married to Daryl for 69 years. The couple has lived in their current home for the last 20 years. In October of year 0 , Daryl passed away. Celia sold their home and moved into a condominium. What is the maximum exclusion Celia is entitled to if she sells the home on December 15 of year 1 ?

Answers

a) What amount of gain will Steve be required to recognize on the sale of the home Gain on sale of home: Sales price ($722,500) Less: Cost basis (432,500) Amount realized ($290,000)Less: Exclusion (250,000) Taxable gain$40,000b) Assume the original facts, except that the home is Steve's vacation home and he vacations there four months each year.

Steve does not ever rent the home to others. To calculate the taxable gain, we must determine the fraction of time the home was used as a vacation home. Here, the vacation home was used four out of 12 months, or 1/3 of the time. Gain on sale of home: Sales price ($722,500)Less:

Cost basis ($432,500)Amount realized ($290,000)Less: Exclusion (0)Taxable gain$290,000Taxable gain × Vacation home use fraction × Use test factor= $290,000 × 1/3 × 0.5= $48,333c) Assume the original facts, except that Steve married Giuseppina on February 1 of year 3, and the couple lived in the home until they sold it in June of year 5.

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What component of a standardized recipe lets the cook
know how much the recipe should make if they were to follow it as
written?

Answers

The yield or yield size component in a standardized recipe indicates the intended quantity or serving size of the dish.

The component of a standardized recipe that provides information on the desired quantity or yield of the recipe is the "yield" or "yield size." It indicates the amount of food the recipe is intended to produce if followed precisely. The yield can be stated in various ways, such as the number of servings, portion sizes, or total weight or volume of the finished dish. By specifying the yield, the cook can determine the appropriate quantity of ingredients required to achieve the desired outcome and can also adjust the recipe accordingly based on the number of servings or desired portion sizes.

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According to the Chief Statistician of Malaysia, Dato 'Sri Dr Mohd Uzir Mahidin, "The unfavourable economic situation has resulted in unemployed graduates increasing from +37.2 thousand people to 202.4 thousand people. Thus, the unemployment rate for graduates in 2020 rose by 0.5 percentage points to 4.4 percent compared 3.9 percent in the previous year. In addition, more than 75 percent of graduates unemployed are those who are actively looking for work which is almost half unemployed for less than three months." a) Discuss how the government and private sector can help unemployed graduates. b) Explain frictional unemployment and cyclical unemployment. c) With the help of a diagram, explain the effect of unemployment on essential goods in the market.

Answers

Unemployment reduces demand for essential goods, leading to decreased production and employment. This is shown by a downward shift in the demand curve for essential goods.

a) The government can implement policies like job training programs, internship opportunities, and entrepreneurship support to enhance graduates' employability. The private sector can offer mentorship programs, collaborate with universities, and provide entry-level positions to assist unemployed graduates.

b) Frictional unemployment occurs when individuals are in the process of transitioning between jobs or entering the labor market. Cyclical unemployment arises due to a downturn in the business cycle, resulting in decreased demand for labor as companies cut jobs during economic recessions.

c) Unemployment affects essential goods in the market by reducing consumers' purchasing power, leading to decreased demand. This can result in a decline in production and sales, impacting industries involved in producing and selling essential goods. The diagram would show a downward shift in the demand curve, leading to lower equilibrium quantity and potentially lower prices for essential goods. This can have implications for businesses and employment within those industries.

      Price

       ↑

       |

       |

       |                 S1 (Initial Supply)

       |

       |

       |                 D1 (Initial Demand)

       |

       |_______________

       Quantity

When there is unemployment in the economy, individuals' ability to afford essential goods decreases, as they have limited or no income.

      Price

       ↑

       |

       |

       |                 S1 (Initial Supply)

       |       S2 (Decreased Supply)

       |

       |                 D2 (Decreased Demand)

       |

       |_______________

       Quantity

This leads to a decline in the demand for essential goods. As a result, businesses involved in the production and sale of these goods experience reduced sales and lower profits. To cope with the decreased demand, businesses may reduce production levels, leading to a decline in employment opportunities in those sectors. The diagram would illustrate a downward shift in the demand curve for essential goods, indicating a decrease in the equilibrium quantity and potentially lower prices. This situation highlights the adverse impact of unemployment on the market for essential goods and the potential ripple effects on businesses and employment within those industries.

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Financial ratio analysis is a widely used tool for assessing the
"health" of an organization and identifying any specific areas of
weakness within the operation that may require management
attention.

Answers

Financial ratio analysis is a widely used tool for assessing the "health" of an organization and identifying any specific areas of weakness within the operation that may require management attention.

Financial ratios are mathematical computations, and they allow the analyst to determine how effectively an organization is being run. A ratio is simply a comparison of two numbers, and financial ratios compare the various financial data that is available to assess how well the business is doing.

Ratio analysis is an essential part of financial analysis, and it allows investors and other stakeholders to evaluate the financial health of a company. The ratios used in ratio analysis may vary depending on the type of company being analyzed.

Commonly used ratios include liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, efficiency ratios, and debt ratios. Ratio analysis is a powerful tool for evaluating a company's financial health, and it is essential for anyone who wants to understand how well a company is doing.

In conclusion, financial ratio analysis is a content loaded tool that enables an analyst to determine how effectively an organization is being run. The ratios used in ratio analysis may vary depending on the type of company being analyzed.

Ratio analysis is a powerful tool for evaluating a company's financial health, and it is essential for anyone who wants to understand how well a company is doing.

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Arsenalo plc. has just issued level coupon bonds on the market with 7.5 years to maturity and a yield to maturity (YTM) of 12%, and at a current fair market price of £950. The bonds make quarterly payments. What must be the coupon rate on these bonds? Face value of these bonds is £1,000.

Answers

Given Data:Face value of bonds, FV = £1,000

Market price of bonds, P = £950

Maturity time, t = 7.5 years

Yield to maturity, YTM = 12% = 0.12Coupon rate on the bonds is to be calculated.

Bond is making quarterly payments, so the payment frequency is, n = 4 periods per year.

As the bond is selling at a discount, it means the market yield is higher than the coupon rate, so the required rate of return is more than 12%. We will use the following formula to find the coupon rate of the bond:

Where,B = Coupon payment

FV = Face value of bond

P = Market price of bondt = Maturity time

i = Required rate of return

n = Number of payment periods per year

Substituting the values in the formula and solving for B, we get:

Let us use the formula of annuity to calculate the value of coupon payment, which is the same throughout the life of the bond.Where, PVIF

A = Present Value Interest Factor of Annuity

i = Required rate of returnn = Number of payment periods per year

t = Maturity timeUsing the values, we have:

Putting the value of B in equation (1), we get:

Hence, the required coupon rate on these bonds is 14.22% per year.

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Why do we conduct post hoc analysis in ANOVA?

A. To make a comparison on individual adjusted R-squares
B. To make a comparison of the individual group means
C. To make a comparison of the individual group scatter plots
D. None of the above

Answers

B. To make a comparison of the individual group means.Post hoc analysis, also known as pairwise comparisons, is conducted in ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to compare the individual group means after detecting a significant difference among the groups.

ANOVA provides an overall test of whether there are differences between the group means, but it does not indicate which specific groups differ from each other. Post hoc tests are performed to determine the specific pairs of groups that have significantly different means. These tests help provide a more detailed understanding of the differences among the groups and allow for more specific comparisons between individual group means. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. Options A and C are not accurate descriptions of post hoc analysis in ANOVA. Option D, "None of the above," is also incorrect as post hoc analysis is indeed performed for a specific purpose.

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