The market for an illegal good is depicted in the figure provided, showing the demand curve and quantity levels at different prices.
The task is to calculate the market price and quantity bought under two scenarios: a) when a penalty of $20 per unit is imposed on sellers only, and b) when the penalty is imposed on both sellers and buyers.
a) When the penalty of $20 per unit is imposed on sellers only, the market price will increase by the amount of the penalty. In this case, the new market price will be $80 per unit (original price of $60 plus the penalty of $20). The quantity bought will decrease as a result of the higher price. However, without specific information on the demand function, it is not possible to determine the exact quantity bought.
b) When the penalty of $20 per unit is imposed on both sellers and buyers, the market price will increase by the amount of the penalty, similar to the previous scenario. However, the effect on the quantity bought may be different depending on the relative elasticity of demand and supply. If demand is relatively more elastic compared to supply, the quantity bought may decrease significantly. Conversely, if supply is relatively more elastic, the quantity bought may be less affected.
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Show in steps ( put screenshots) how to put this linear programming model in Microsoft Excel ( show how to put the model and how to solve it in the Excel Solver)
Max R = 0.14 xC + 0.16 x S + 0.15 x DO + DP/16 x 2.3
Constraints
0.72 C + 0.2 S+ 1.0 DO + 1.0DP <= 16000( 1000 pound =16000ounce)
0.28 C+ 0.40 S <= 5600
C+S+DO <=20000
DP <=1000
C>=3000
S>=3000
DO>=3000
0.4S <=8000
C-S <= 0.1 X (C+S)
To put the given linear programming model in Microsoft Excel Solver and then solve it, follow the given steps below Open Excel and create the problem as shown in the picture below. Create the following columns: Decision Variables, Objective Function.
Constraints, and Right-Hand-Side (RHS) in Excel: The Decision Variable column represents the values of the variables in the model. The Objective Function column represents the values of the objective function. The Constraints column represents the constraints of the problem. The RHS column represents the right-hand side values of the constraints Enter the decision variables in the Decision Variables column. The decision variables are xC, xS, xDO, and xDP. Enter the objective function in the Objective Function column. The objective function is Max R = 0.14 xC + 0.16 x S + 0.15 x DO + DP/16 x 2.3.
The Solver window will appear. In the Solver window, set the objective function to Max R. The changing cells should be xC, xS, xDO, and xDP. In the "By Changing Variable Cells" field, type the range of the cells that represent the decision variables in the model. In the "Subject to the Constraints" field, type the range of the cells that represent the constraints in the model. Set the "Solver Options" as per the requirement. Click on "Solve" button to solve the problem. The Solver will return Max R = $2570.00The Solver will also return a long answer that provides detailed information about the are solution. Finally, click on the "OK" button to accept the solution provided by Solver. The Excel Solver's final solution is shown below The optimal values of decision variables: xC = 6250xS = 3000xDO = 10750xDP = 0 Max R = $2570.00 the maximum profit is $2570.
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6. Reasons why a business has to change include:
Competitor behavior
Customer expectations
Development of technology and communications
Response to a crisis
All the above
Businesses often need to change due to various factors, including competitor behavior, customer expectations, the development of technology and communications, and the need to respond to a crisis.
Change is an inevitable part of business growth and sustainability. Several reasons necessitate businesses to change and evolve over time.Firstly, competitor behavior can prompt a business to change. When competitors introduce new products or services, adopt innovative strategies, or gain a competitive advantage, it forces other businesses to reassess their own offerings, market positioning, and business practices. Adapting to changes in the competitive landscape is crucial to maintain a competitive edge.Customer expectations play a significant role in driving change.
As customer preferences, demands, and behaviors evolve, businesses must align their products, services, and customer experience accordingly. By understanding and meeting customer expectations, businesses can attract and retain customers, drive customer loyalty, and remain relevant in the market.The development of technology and communications is another reason for business change. Technological advancements present opportunities for businesses to improve efficiency, enhance processes, and innovate their products or services. Adopting new technologies can streamline operations, enhance customer experiences, and open new markets. Businesses must keep up with technological developments to stay competitive.
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Write a discussion for three of the five following key principles. Each discussion should be no less than 75 words. In doing so, be certain to address each of the components from the topic. 3.) Price, Output and Profit It is a common misperception that the firm selects a price and a quantity of output that maximize profit. First, discuss why this is a common misperception. Then, discuss the impact activities of other firms in the market competing for a share of total market demand have on a firm. Lastly, give one example of the firm maximizing its profit from a recent news article.
The misconception is that firms choose a price and quantity to maximize profit. Other firms' activities in the market impact a firm's profitability.
Price, Output, and Profit:
The common misperception that firms select a price and quantity of output to maximize profit stems from a simplified view of market dynamics. In reality, profit maximization involves considering multiple factors such as production costs, market demand, and competition. Firms must carefully analyze the elasticities of demand and supply, the competitive landscape, and consumer behavior to determine the optimal pricing and output levels for maximizing profit. This comprehensive approach takes into account the interplay between various market forces to make informed decisions.
The activities of other firms in the market competing for a share of total market demand have a significant impact on individual firms. The actions and strategies employed by competitors can influence consumer preferences and market conditions, affecting a firm's ability to maximize profit. Competitors may engage in price wars, product differentiation, or aggressive marketing campaigns, which can directly influence demand and pricing dynamics. Firms must closely monitor and respond to the activities of their competitors to maintain a competitive edge and optimize their profit potential.
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_____ is used to ensure that business transactions are processed efficiently and accurately and that the resulting information can be accessed by end users and managers in all business areas.
Question 16 options:
1) An enterprise system
2) Aggregate planning
3) Crisis management
4) A justification document
A). An enterprise system is used to ensure that business transactions are processed efficiently and accurately, and that the resulting information can be accessed by end users and managers in all business areas.
The term you are looking for is "enterprise system." An enterprise system is a type of software that integrates all aspects of a business, including accounting, inventory management, customer relationship management, and supply chain management. It is used to ensure that business transactions are processed efficiently and accurately and that the resulting information can be accessed by end users and managers in all business areas.
The system provides a centralized database and real-time data that can be used for decision-making and analysis. Implementing an enterprise system can lead to increased productivity, improved customer service, and cost savings. However, it can also be a complex and costly undertaking that requires careful planning and management.
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If your disposable personal income increases from $30,000 to $40,000 and your savings increases from $2,000 to $4,000, what is your marginal propensity to save (MPS)? 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.4
Hello! I'd be happy to help you with your question. To find the Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS), you can follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the change in disposable personal income.
Change in income = Final income - Initial income
Change in income = $40,000 - $30,000
Change in income = $10,000
Step 2: Calculate the change in savings.
Change in savings = Final savings - Initial savings
Change in savings = $4,000 - $2,000
Change in savings = $2,000
Step 3: Calculate the MPS using the formula:
MPS = Change in savings / Change in income
MPS = $2,000 / $10,000
MPS = 0.2
So, the Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS) is 0.2.
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Employees at Northern Ontario are asked to remove clutter from their desks because clutter indicates O a violation of feng shui guidelines rudeness to others in the office O a lack of professionalism all of these Question 14 2 pts Ain) is a subjective reaction or feeling. image O emotion response stimulus
Option (b), "Employees at Northern Ontario are asked to remove clutter from their desks because clutter indicates," is that "a lack of professionalism."
Northern Ontario employees are asked to clear clutter from their desks because it is an indication of a lack of professionalism. This is due to the fact that cluttered desks portray a lack of organization and lack of attention to detail. Clearing clutter from your desk demonstrates an ability to prioritize and organize your job more effectively.Cleanliness, neatness, and organization are all symbols of professionalism. Maintaining clean and tidy workspace aid in the perception that an employee is professional and takes pride in their work. In conclusion, the main answer to the given question is "a lack of professionalism", and the importance of cleanliness, neatness, and organization as symbols of professionalism.
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Which of the following is most likely for a firm with low inventory turnover and higher sales growth that the industry average? The firm:
A. may be losing sales by not carrying enough inventory
B. may be generating sales by carrying a very broad inventory
C. may have obsolete inventory that requires a writedown
Based on the information provided, it is more likely that option B is the reason for a firm to have low inventory turnover and higher sales growth than the industry average.
This is because a broad inventory allows the firm to cater to a wider range of customer needs and preferences, thereby generating more sales. However, this approach may also lead to excess inventory and result in lower turnover. Option A is less likely because a low inventory level would not necessarily result in a loss of sales, but rather could be due to efficient inventory management. Option C is also less likely because if the inventory was obsolete, it would not contribute significantly to sales growth and would instead require a writedown. Therefore, a broad inventory may be the most probable cause for a low inventory turnover and higher sales growth than the industry average.
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) Describe two policies that could be used to raise economic growth at the national level
b) Briefly describe two things that the 2-period model teaches us that the simple Keynesian consumption function does not.
c) What impact would you expect an open market purchase to have on reserves and short-term interest rates? Does the money creation process have to be initiated by the central bank?
There are various policies that can be used to raise economic growth at the national level, but I will describe two of them:
Fiscal Policy: Fiscal policy refers to the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy. By increasing government spending on infrastructure projects, education, healthcare, and research and development, the government can stimulate economic growth by creating jobs, improving productivity, and increasing demand for goods and services. Similarly, by reducing taxes, the government can increase disposable income, which in turn can lead to increased consumer spending and business investment.
Monetary Policy: Monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to manage the money supply and interest rates in order to achieve macroeconomic objectives such as price stability, full employment, and economic growth. By adjusting the interest rates, the central bank can influence borrowing and lending decisions of individuals and businesses, which in turn can affect spending and investment patterns. Lowering interest rates can encourage borrowing and investment, leading to increased economic activity and growth. Additionally, the central bank can also implement quantitative easing, which involves purchasing government bonds to increase the money supply and boost economic activity.
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You place 10000 TRY in a savings account that pays 3% per annum interest, compounded monthly. How much will be in your account after 2 years and 3 months? What if the interest is compounded quarterly?
After 2 years and 3 months, with monthly compounding at an annual interest rate of 3%, the amount in the savings account can be calculated using the compound interest formula.
The formula for compound interest is given by: A = P * (1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount, r is the interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years.
In this case, the principal amount (P) is 10,000 TRY, the interest rate (r) is 3% (or 0.03), the compounding frequency (n) is 12 (monthly compounding), and the time (t) is 2.25 years (2 years and 3 months).
Using the compound interest formula, we can calculate the final amount (A) by plugging in the given values: A = 10,000 * (1 + 0.03/12)^(12*2.25).
If the interest is compounded quarterly instead of monthly, we would use a compounding frequency (n) of 4. The rest of the calculation would remain the same.
To find the final amount after 2 years and 3 months with quarterly compounding, we would use the formula: A = 10,000 * (1 + 0.03/4)^(4*2.25).
By performing these calculations, we can determine the respective amounts in the savings account after 2 years and 3 months with monthly compounding and quarterly compounding.
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Discussion: Ethical and Security Concerns regarding
personal electronic use at work
Perform the following tasks:
Step 1: Post your response to the following
question on the discussion board. Initial p
Post your response to the following question on the discussion board.
When it comes to personal electronic use at work, ethical and security concerns arise that need to be addressed by both employees and employers. While personal electronic devices can enhance productivity and provide convenience, they also pose risks to sensitive company information and can lead to distractions and decreased focus on work tasks. From an ethical standpoint, employees should be mindful of the company's policies regarding personal device usage. Using personal electronic devices for non-work-related activities during work hours may be considered unethical as it can lead to a misuse of company resources and time. Employees have a responsibility to prioritize their work duties and ensure that personal device usage does not interfere with their professional responsibilities.
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what+is+the+present+value+of+a+$200+perpetuity+when+the+discount+rate+is+10%?
The present value of a perpetuity is determined as the amount of money one would need to invest today in order to generate a series of equal and recurring cash flows in perpetuity. A perpetuity is a type of annuity that has no end date and, as such, the cash flows will continue indefinitely. The present value of a $200 perpetuity.
This means that the present value of a perpetuity is the sum of the discounted value of each cash flow received in perpetuity. It is calculated as follows:
PV = C / r
where PV = Present ValueC = Annual Cash Flowr = Discount Rate
We have a $200 perpetuity with a discount rate of 10%.
Therefore, using the formula above: PV = C / r
PV = $200 / 0.1PV = $2,000
The present value of a $200 perpetuity when the discount rate is 10% is $2,000.This means that if we invest $2,000 today at a discount rate of 10%, we will be able to generate an annual cash flow of $200 in perpetuity. In other words, the present value of the perpetuity represents the amount of money we need to invest today in order to receive a stream of cash flows of $200 per year forever.
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On January 1, 2020, Larkspur Inc. bought land that had an assessed value of $390,000 at the time of purchase. A $550,000, non- interest-bearing note due on January 1, 2023, was given in exchange. There was no established exchange price for the land, and no ready market value for the note. The interest rate that is normally charged on a note of this type is 9%. Using (1) factor tables, (2) a financial calculator, or (3) Excel function PV, determine at what amount the land should be recorded at January 1, 2020. (Hint: Refer to Chapter 3 for tips on calculating.) Determine the interest expense to be reported in 2020 related to this transaction. (For calculation purposes, use 5 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided and round final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 5,275.) Cost of land to be recorded $ Interest expense to be recorded $
The interest expense to be recorded in 2020 related to this transaction is approximately $38,232.
To determine the amount at which the land should be recorded on January 1, 2020, we need to calculate the present value of the note using the given interest rate of 9%.
Using the present value formula: PV = FV / (1 + r)^n Where: PV = Present Value FV = Future Value (amount of the note) r = Interest rate n = Number of periods Given FV = $550,000 r = 9% n = 3 years
Using a financial calculator or Excel function PV, we can calculate the present value: PV = $550,000 / (1 + 0.09)^3 PV = $550,000 / 1.29503 PV ≈ $424,804.64
Therefore, the land should be recorded at approximately $424,805 on January 1, 2020. To calculate the interest expense to be reported in 2020, we can use the formula: Interest Expense = Beginning Balance * Interest Rate Given: Beginning Balance = $424,805 Interest Rate = 9% Interest Expense = $424,805 * 0.09 Interest Expense ≈ $38,232.45 Therefore, the interest expense to be recorded in 2020 related to this transaction is approximately $38,232.
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In January 2018, Sonja Deposited $20,000 in a bank in the Bahamas. She earned $500 Interest income. She closed the Account in December 2018.
a. Is Sonja subject to the FBAR reporting requirement?
b. Is the Interest Income taxable in the United States?
a. Sonja is subject to the FBAR (Foreign Bank Account Report) reporting requirement.
b. The interest income is taxable in the United States.
a. Yes, Sonja is subject to the FBAR (Foreign Bank Account Report) reporting requirement. The FBAR requires U.S. persons who have a financial interest in or signature authority over foreign financial accounts with an aggregate value exceeding $10,000 at any time during the calendar year to report those accounts to the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Since Sonja deposited $20,000 in a bank in the Bahamas, she had a financial interest in a foreign account exceeding the reporting threshold.
b. The interest income earned by Sonja is generally taxable in the United States. As a U.S. taxpayer, Sonja is required to report and pay taxes on her worldwide income, including interest earned from foreign accounts. The interest income of $500 should be included in Sonja's U.S. federal income tax return. She may be eligible for any applicable deductions or credits related to foreign income, but she is still required to report and pay taxes on the interest income. It is advisable for Sonja to consult a tax professional to ensure proper reporting and compliance with U.S. tax laws.
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Dell Computer has enjoyed rapid growth and a dominant market position in the computer industry. First, develop a list of what you believe to be the
core competencies of Dell. Next, identify which of these core competencies appear to be especially hard for competitors to duplicate.
Some of the core competencies of Dell include1. Good customer service: Dell has a very effective customer service department.
Supply chain management: Dell was among the first computer companies to implement a just-in-time (JIT) inventory system.3. Direct sales model: Dell's direct-to-customer sales approach reduced the need for middlemen and helped reduce the cost of goods sold.
Of these core competencies, Dell's direct sales model and supply chain management appear to be especially hard for competitors to duplicate. The company's direct sales model has been a significant factor in Dell's success. The direct sales approach allows Dell to keep inventory costs low by only building computers that customers have already ordered.
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Assume the market for cinnamon buns has an equilibrium price of $4 per delicious bun. Assume the price increases to $6 because of a supply shock. What is expected to happen on the consumer-side of the market? a. demand decreases. b. quantity demanded increases c. quantity demanded decreases d. more than one answer is correct e. demand increases
Answer:
When the price of cinnamon buns increases due to a supply shock, it is expected to have an impact on the consumer-side of the market. Specifically, the change in price is likely to affect the quantity demanded by consumers.
Explanation:
In this scenario, the equilibrium price of cinnamon buns initially was $4 per bun. However, due to a supply shock, the price increases to $6. Based on the law of demand, which states that as the price of a good increases, the quantity demanded decreases, we can conclude that the expected outcome on the consumer-side of the market is a decrease in quantity demanded.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
c. quantity demanded decreases
In a competitive market, equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity is determined by the market forces. If the price is below the equilibrium level then the market price will increase to achieve the equilibrium level. As a result, quantity demanded decreases because of higher prices and quantity supplied increases as it will become more profitable for the producer to supply more quantity of goods, this is due to the higher prices. Higher prices in a market gives an incentive to the producer to produce more quantity of goods.
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IFRS 15( Five-Step revenue recognition process) :
Identify performance obligations & allocate price (steps
2-4)
21. Identify performance obligations & allocate price (steps 2-4) MediTech AG enters into a contract with Hospital Fullcare for the sale of a medical imaging device and related post-contract support s
Identifying the performance obligations and allocating the price is the third step of the Five-Step Revenue Recognition process.
Identifying the performance obligations and allocating the price is the third step in the Five-Step Revenue Recognition process. MediTech AG enters into a contract with Hospital Full Care for the sale of a medical imaging device and related post-contract support services. Performance obligations must be identified in the contract, which can be standalone goods and services or goods and services bundled together. In addition, the transaction price must be allocated among these performance obligations.
This is accomplished by determining the standalone selling price of each performance obligation and then allocating the transaction price based on the relative standalone selling prices of each performance obligation. Once the performance obligations have been identified and the transaction price has been allocated, MediTech AG can recognize revenue in accordance with the performance obligations it has fulfilled.
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D Question 2 The bank is paying 9.61% compounded annually. The inflation is expected to be 9.49% per year. What is the inflation rate?. Enter your answer as percentage, without the % sign, Provide 2 d
The inflation rate is 9.49%.
To calculate the inflation rate, we subtract the bank's annual interest rate from the expected inflation rate. In this case, the bank is paying 9.61% interest and the expected inflation rate is 9.49%. By subtracting the inflation rate from the interest rate, we get 9.61% - 9.49% = 0.12%.
Therefore, the inflation rate is 0.12% or 9.49% when expressed as a percentage.
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Pre- Normal Normal Crash Crash Activity decessor Time Cost Time Cost a 5 $50 3 $150 b 4 40 2 200 C b 7 70 6 160 d a, c 2 20 1 50 e a, c 3 30 f b 8 80 5 290 d 5 50 4 100 h e, f 6 60 3 180 All activities, except for activity b, may be partially crashed.(i.e. partial crashing for activity b only, is not allowed.) Each of the following sections is 5 marks. 1. Draw the network and find the critical path, time, and total cost for an all-normal level of project activity. (6 marks)
The critical path for an all-normal level of project activity is A - D - F - H. The total time for the project is 18 units, and the total cost is $320.
To find the critical path, we need to determine the longest path in the project network. We'll start by drawing the network diagram based on the given information:
Start
(0)
|
A
(5)
/ \
B C
(4) (7)
| |
D E
(2) (3)
| |
F G
(8) (6)
| |
H End
(6) (0)
(0)
Now, we'll calculate the earliest start time (EST) and earliest finish time (EFT) for each activity:
Activity A:
EST(A) = 0
EFT(A) = EST(A) + Time(A) = 0 + 5 = 5
Activity B:
EST(B) = EFT(A) = 5
EFT(B) = EST(B) + Time(B) = 5 + 4 = 9
Activity C:
EST(C) = EFT(A) = 5
EFT(C) = EST(C) + Time(C) = 5 + 7 = 12
Activity D:
EST(D) = EFT(B) = 9
EFT(D) = EST(D) + Time(D) = 9 + 2 = 11
Activity E:
EST(E) = EFT(C) = 12
EFT(E) = EST(E) + Time(E) = 12 + 3 = 15
Activity F:
EST(F) = EFT(D) = 11
EFT(F) = EST(F) + Time(F) = 11 + 8 = 19
Activity G:
EST(G) = EFT(E) = 15
EFT(G) = EST(G) + Time(G) = 15 + 6 = 21
Activity H:
EST(H) = EFT(F) = 19
EFT(H) = EST(H) + Time(H) = 19 + 6 = 25
Finally, we can determine the latest start time (LST) and latest finish time (LFT) for each activity:
Activity H:
LST(H) = EFT(H) - Time(H) = 25 - 6 = 19
LFT(H) = LST(H) + Time(H) = 19 + 6 = 25
Activity G:
LST(G) = EFT(H) = 25
LFT(G) = LST(G) + Time(G) = 25 + 6 = 31
Activity F:
LST(F) = EFT(G) - Time(F) = 31 - 8 = 23
LFT(F) = LST(F) + Time(F) = 23 + 8 = 31
Activity E:
LST(E) = EFT(G) - Time(E) = 31 - 6 = 25
LFT(E) = LST(E) + Time(E) = 25 + 3 = 28
Activity D:
LST(D) = EFT(F) - Time(D) = 31 - 2 = 29
LFT(D) = LST(D) + Time(D) = 29 + 2 = 31
Activity C:
LST(C) = EFT(E) - Time(C) = 28 - 7 =
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DEFINED The arguments for each of these alternatives are tenable but the nature and culture of the resultant board would be very different in each case, varying from a closely-knit team devoted to sound corporate governance (both performance and conformance) to a sort of adversarial parliament. Which is desirable is a philosophical issue hinging on what we expect companies to be and to do. 1 A classic case study Case study 2 The Sunbeam Corporation In 1996, Sunbeam, a US appliance manufacturer, was in serious financial trouble. Al Dunlap, known as Chainsaw Al' for his approach to cutting staff, was appointed to save the company. Over the next two years, the business reported dramatically improved results. Investors chased after the shares as the price rocketed. There was talk of a bid, which would make the investors, and particularly Dunlap and his colleagues, a lot of money. But no bid came. By 1998, some outside directors were uneasy and launched an inquiry. They did not like what they found and Mr Dunlap was fired. The SEC subsequently charged him, other senior executives, and the audit partner at Arthur Andersen, who had approved the accounts, with fraud. The SEC alleged that, d massive previous losses, which he wrote off, giving him a 'cookie on his arrival, Mr Dunlap identi jar' to dip into to inflate subsequent results. Then he shipped out more goods through his distribution channels than they could possibly sell, taking credit for the revenues, but pushing forward the problem to the next financial year. Returned goods were overlooked. Other efforts were made to boost sales artificially record numbers of outdoor barbecues were reported sold during the winter months. In 2001, Andersen agreed to pay US$110 million to the Sunbeam shareholders in settlement of a lawsuit alleging that the auditors had failed to identify the problem. Discussion questions 1. Directors have a fiduciary duty to protect the interests of shareholders. In this case, they apparently failed. Why? 2. When good results were posted and there was talk of a bid, the share price rocketed. But some of the independent outside directors were uneasy and launched an inquiry, which discovered a disastrous situation. How could this have been avoided? 3. Can directors rely on the report of the independent outside auditors? References and further reading Clarke, T. (2004 Theories of Corporate Governance Colley John L. et al (2005) What is Corporate Governance? McGraw Hill, New York Routledge London and New York. Colley Inhne al 2003) Corporate Governance? Davies, Adrian (1999) A Strategic Approach to Corporate Governance Gower, London. himy York. 51
Sunbeam's case has demonstrated that directors cannot rely solely on outside auditors. The board should take an active role in overseeing the accounting function and ensuring that appropriate controls and procedures are in place. The board should have taken the necessary steps to investigate the allegations made against Mr. Dunlap, who had a reputation for aggressive accounting practices.
Corporate Governance Defined Corporate Governance is a framework of rules, policies, systems, and procedures by which a company is directed and controlled. It deals with the power relations among management, board of directors, and external stakeholders. This framework provides a means for attaining a company's objectives, confirming that the company's structure is consistent with its objectives, developing means of managing risks, and evaluating performance.The Sunbeam CorporationIn 1996, Sunbeam, a US appliance manufacturer, was in serious financial trouble. Al Dunlap, known as Chainsaw Al' for his approach to cutting staff, was appointed to save the company. Over the next two years, the business reported dramatically improved results. Investors chased after the shares as the price rocketed. There was talk of a bid, which would make the investors, and particularly Dunlap and his colleagues, a lot of money. But no bid came.By 1998, some outside directors were uneasy and launched an inquiry. They did not like what they found, and Mr. Dunlap was fired. The SEC subsequently charged him, other senior executives, and the audit partner at Arthur Andersen, who had approved the accounts, with fraud. The SEC alleged that, after massive previous losses, which he wrote off, giving him a 'cookie jar' to dip into to inflate subsequent results, Mr. Dunlap identified returned goods that he had overlooked, made other efforts to artificially boost sales, and reported record numbers of outdoor barbecues sold during the winter months. In 2001, Andersen agreed to pay US$110 million to the Sunbeam shareholders in settlement of a lawsuit alleging that the auditors had failed to identify the problem.Discussion questions1. Directors have a fiduciary duty to protect the interests of shareholders. In this case, they apparently failed. Why?Ans: The board failed in the Sunbeam case. The board of Sunbeam comprised Al Dunlap, the CEO, his colleagues, and two outside directors who worked at investment banks. These two directors had no industry experience and were unlikely to provide any balanced perspective. The Sunbeam board did not have the necessary committees to fulfill its functions, did not have a lead director, and did not have a clear CEO/Chairman distinction.2. When good results were posted, and there was talk of a bid, the share price rocketed. But some of the independent outside directors were uneasy and launched an inquiry, which discovered a disastrous situation. How could this have been avoided?Ans: An effective board could have avoided the situation. The board should have had an active audit committee, compensation committee, and nominating and governance committee, which could have conducted background checks on directors and regularly reviewed the company's performance, provided the board with industry-specific advice, and provided a means of receiving feedback from shareholders.3. Can directors rely on the report of the independent outside auditors.
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What is EDGAR?
It is a database provided by the London, England stock exchange
that provides financial statement information on U.K.
companies.
It is a database created by the U.S. Securit
EDGAR is a database created by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that provides access to financial information and regulatory filings submitted by publicly traded companies in the United States.
EDGAR stands for Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system. It is a comprehensive online database maintained by the SEC and is the primary source for accessing publicly available information about U.S. companies. Companies are required to submit various filings such as annual reports, quarterly reports, and other disclosures through EDGAR. This database allows investors, analysts, and the general public to access and retrieve important financial statements, regulatory filings, and other information related to publicly traded companies in the United States.
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Agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows in future and cash flows are based on underlying instruments is classified as. A. swaps. B. interchange.
The correct option is A. swap. it is a financial derivative contract in which two parties agree to exchange cash flows based on specific underlying instruments.
It is a type of agreement commonly used in the financial markets to manage risks or speculate on future price movements.
The underlying instruments in a swap can vary, including interest rates, currencies, commodities, or even equity indices. The parties involved agree to exchange cash flows based on the performance of these underlying instruments over a specified period.
Overall, swaps provide flexibility and risk management tools to market participants. They allow parties to customize their cash flow obligations based on their specific needs and market views.
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Question 1 Bobo Co. manufactures two products, namely Product Acu and Product Boo. The following information is for the year 2013: Product Acu Product Boo Finished goods: Estimated Sales Perlis 10,000
Bobo Co. estimated sales for Product Acu to be 10,000 units in 2013.
However, there is no information provided regarding the estimated sales for Product Boo. It is important to have estimated sales figures for both products to plan production and inventory levels accordingly. Without this information, Bobo Co. may face issues such as overproduction of one product and underproduction of the other, leading to inefficiencies and lost opportunities.
Additionally, it is important for Bobo Co. to regularly review and update their estimated sales figures to ensure they are accurate and reflect changes in market demand. This will help them optimize their production and inventory levels, which can ultimately lead to increased profitability and customer satisfaction.
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Steinberg plc has debt with both a face and a market value of €5,000. This debt has a coupon rate of 6% and pays interest annually. The expected perpetual earnings before interest and taxes is €2,000, the tax rate is 30%, and the unlevered cost of capital is 12%. What is the firm's cost of equity?
To calculate the firm's cost of equity, we need to use the information provided, such as the expected perpetual earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), the tax rate, the unlevered cost of capital, and the debt details.
Given that the firm's debt has a face and market value of €5,000 with a coupon rate of 6% and annual interest payments, we can assume that the interest expense is €5,000 * 6% = €300.
To calculate the levered cost of equity, we can use the formula:
Cost of Equity = Unlevered Cost of Capital + (Debt/Equity) * (Tax Rate) * (Unlevered Cost of Capital)
Since the firm's debt and equity have the same market value of €5,000, the debt-to-equity ratio is 1:1.
Substituting the values into the formula, we have:
Cost of Equity = 12% + (5,000/5,000) * 30% * 12%
= 12% + 1 * 30% * 12%
= 12% + 3.6%
= 15.6%
Therefore, the firm's cost of equity is 15.6%.
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One of the profitability concerns related to creating efficiency. The decision we make before we enter a host country. A non-equity mode of entry related to dissemination of goods. Bottom two levels of the economic strata. Cut Costs Entry Mode Selec The decision we make before we enter a host country.. You selected Entry Mode Selection. Developing econo
Cut cost One of the profitability concerns is related to creating efficiency.
Efficiency refers to the ability to accomplish a task or produce an output with minimum wasted resources, such as time, effort, or materials. It is a measure of how well a system or process utilizes its available resources to achieve its goals. In various fields, including economics, engineering, and management, efficiency is a critical concept.
In economic terms, efficiency signifies the optimal allocation of resources to maximize production and minimize costs. It involves producing the most goods or services with the fewest resources, leading to higher productivity and profitability. In engineering, efficiency relates to the effectiveness of converting input energy or resources into useful output, minimizing losses and maximizing output quality.
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Complete Question:
____ One of the profitability concerns is related to creating efficiency.
your network has a network address of with a subnet mask of .:____
The network address of a network with a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0 is a critical piece of information when it comes to network engineering.
It is essential in identifying the range of host addresses that are available to devices connected to that network.In order to determine the network address of this particular network, we must first convert the subnet mask to binary form. A subnet mask consists of 32 bits, and each bit corresponds to a specific address class. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 specifies that the first three octets of the IP address correspond to the network address, while the last octet is reserved for host addresses.The binary representation of a subnet mask is as follows:11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000To determine the network address, we must apply a bitwise AND operation to the IP address and the subnet mask. This will result in the network portion of the IP address being preserved, while the host portion is set to zero.For example, if the IP address is 192.168.16.1, the bitwise AND operation with the subnet mask would be as follows:IP address: 11000000.10101000.00010000.00000001Subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000AND result: 11000000.10101000.00010000.00000000Therefore, the network address of this network is 192.168.16.0, and the available host addresses range from 192.168.16.1 to 192.168.31.254.
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According to which model of behavior, there is no reason to offer incentive pay to employees?
Group of answer choices
a. The "Happy Is Productive" Model
b. The Behavioral Economics model
c. The "Good Citizen" Model
d. The "Product of the Environment" Model
Answer:
According to the "Happy Is Productive" model, there is no reason to offer incentive pay to employees.
Explanation:
The "Happy Is Productive" model suggests that employee satisfaction and well-being directly translate into increased productivity and performance. According to this model, employees are intrinsically motivated to perform well and do not require additional incentives, such as monetary rewards, to enhance their performance.
In this model, the belief is that employees derive satisfaction from their work, have a sense of purpose, and enjoy the tasks they perform. Therefore, offering incentive pay is considered unnecessary as it assumes that intrinsic motivation alone is sufficient to drive employee performance.
It is important to note that while the "Happy Is Productive" model suggests that incentive pay is not required, other models, such as the Behavioral Economics model and the "Product of the Environment" model, recognize the importance of incentives in influencing behavior and performance. The "Good Citizen" model emphasizes the role of employees as responsible and ethical individuals who contribute positively to the organization.
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The annual demand for an item is 40,000 units. The cost to process an order is $40 and the annual inventory holding cost is $3 per item per year. What is the optimal order quantity, given the following price breaks for purchasing the item? Quantity Price 1-1,499 $2.50 per unit 1,500 - 4,999 $2.30 per unit 5,000 or more $2.25 per unit a. What is the optimal behavior? b. Does the firm take advantage of the lowest price available? Explain.
To determine the optimal order quantity, we need to consider the economic order quantity (EOQ) formula, taking into account the price breaks for purchasing the item.
The EOQ formula is given by:
EOQ = √[(2DS)/H]
Where:
D = Annual demand (40,000 units)
S = Cost to process an order ($40)
H = Annual inventory holding cost per item ($3)
To calculate the optimal order quantity, we will use the EOQ formula for each price break and select the one that minimizes the total cost.
a. Optimal behavior:
To find the optimal behavior, we need to calculate the EOQ for each price break and select the one that minimizes the total cost.
For price break 1-1,499:
EOQ1 = √[(2DS)/H] = √[(2 * 40,000 * $40) / $3] ≈ 182.57 units
For price break 1,500-4,999:
EOQ2 = √[(2DS)/H] = √[(2 * 40,000 * $40) / $3] ≈ 173.21 units
For price break 5,000 or more:
EOQ3 = √[(2DS)/H] = √[(2 * 40,000 * $40) / $3] ≈ 170.79 units
The optimal behavior is to select the price break that results in the lowest EOQ, which in this case is price break 5,000 or more with an EOQ of approximately 170.79 units.
b. Taking advantage of the lowest price:
Yes, the firm does take advantage of the lowest price available. The optimal order quantity is determined based on minimizing the total cost, which includes the cost to process an order and the annual inventory holding cost. By selecting the price break that offers the lowest unit price, the firm can achieve cost savings and reduce the overall inventory holding cost.
In this case, the optimal order quantity of approximately 170.79 units falls within the price break of 5,000 or more, where the unit price is $2.25. By ordering in larger quantities and benefiting from the lower unit price, the firm can minimize its total cost and maximize cost efficiency.
Therefore, the firm takes advantage of the lowest price available by selecting the optimal order quantity within the price break that offers the lowest unit price.
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The element of the marketing mix that describes a good, service,
or idea to satisfy consumers' needs is known as
Multiple Choice
the product.
the industry.
promotion.
the place or distribution
The element of the marketing mix that describes a good, service, or idea to satisfy consumers' needs is known as "the product."
The product refers to the tangible or intangible offering that is presented to the target market. It encompasses physical products, services, and even ideas or concepts. It includes features, benefits, quality, branding, packaging, and other attributes that differentiate it from competitors and create value for customers. The product element of the marketing mix focuses on understanding customer needs and developing offerings that meet those needs effectively. In the context of the marketing mix, the product element plays a crucial role in attracting and retaining customers. It involves developing a product strategy that aligns with the target market's preferences, positioning the product in a way that creates a unique selling proposition, and continuously improving and innovating the product to meet changing consumer demands.
Furthermore, the product element encompasses various decisions related to product development, design, pricing, packaging, and branding. It involves conducting market research, identifying customer insights, and translating those insights into product features and benefits that address specific customer needs and preferences. The product element also includes decisions about product positioning, targeting specific customer segments, and creating a strong brand identity that resonates with consumers.
Overall, the product element of the marketing mix is essential for creating value and satisfying customer needs. It involves understanding customer preferences, developing offerings that meet those preferences, and continuously improving and innovating to stay competitive in the market. By focusing on the product element, companies can create differentiated offerings that attract and retain customers, leading to business success.
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The Finance Manager of GIGA Corporation is considering a plan for enhancing the firm'sliquidity. The plan involves raising Br 10,000 by issuing equity shares and investing inmarketable securities that earns 10% before taxes and 5% after taxes. The followingbalance sheet is drafted for this purpose. Cash Br 5,000; Inventories 25,000; Accounts Receivable 20,000; Current Liabilities Br 30,000; Net Fixed Assets Br. 50,000; Long-TermLiabilitiesBr 20,000; Equity CapitalBr 50,000 a) Calculate current ratio, net working capital and return on total assets ratio using theaboveinformation (beforeliquidity plan) b) Calculate current ratio, net working capital and return on total assets after liquidityplanhas beenimplemented.
The Finance Manager of GIGA Corporation is considering a liquidity enhancement plan that involves raising Br 10,000 by issuing equity shares and investing in marketable securities.
The balance sheet before implementing the plan shows Cash Br 5,000; Inventories 25,000; Accounts Receivable 20,000; Current Liabilities Br 30,000; Net Fixed Assets Br. 50,000; Long-Term Liabilities Br 20,000; and Equity Capital Br 50,000. We need to calculate the current ratio, net working capital, and return on total assets ratios before and after implementing the liquidity plan.
a) Before implementing the liquidity plan:
Current Ratio: Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current Assets = Cash + Inventories + Accounts Receivable = Br 5,000 + Br 25,000 + Br 20,000 = Br 50,000
Current Liabilities = Br 30,000
Current Ratio = Br 50,000 / Br 30,000 = 1.67
Net Working Capital: Current Assets - Current Liabilities
Net Working Capital = Br 50,000 - Br 30,000 = Br 20,000
Return on Total Assets (ROTA) Ratio: Net Income / Total Assets
Since net income is not provided in the given information, we cannot calculate the ROTA ratio.
b) After implementing the liquidity plan:
Cash raised through equity shares = Br 10,000
Invested in marketable securities earning 10% before taxes and 5% after taxes:
Earnings before taxes = Br 10,000 x 10% = Br 1,000
Earnings after taxes = Br 1,000 x (1 - 0.05) = Br 950
Updated Balance Sheet:
Cash = Br 5,000 + Br 10,000 = Br 15,000
Current Assets = Br 15,000 + Br 25,000 + Br 20,000 = Br 60,000
Current Liabilities = Br 30,000
Net Working Capital = Br 60,000 - Br 30,000 = Br 30,000
Current Ratio: Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current Ratio = Br 60,000 / Br 30,000 = 2
Return on Total Assets (ROTA) Ratio: Net Income / Total Assets
Net Income = Earnings after taxes = Br 950
Total Assets = Net Fixed Assets + Current Assets = Br 50,000 + Br 60,000 = Br 110,000
ROTA Ratio = Br 950 / Br 110,000
Therefore, after implementing the liquidity plan, the current ratio becomes 2, the net working capital increases to Br 30,000, and the ROTA ratio depends on the net income earned from the marketable securities.
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What is the future value of $1,900 in 18 years at an APR of 7.2 percent compounded semiannually? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Future
To calculate the future value of $1,900 in 18 years at an annual percentage rate (APR) of 7.2 percent compounded semiannually, the future value formula can be used.
The specific calculation requires knowledge of the interest rate, compounding period, and time period. The result represents the amount the initial $1,900 will grow to after 18 years.
The future value (FV) can be calculated using the formula FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(nt), where PV is the present value ($1,900), r is the annual interest rate (7.2% or 0.072), n is the compounding frequency per year (2 for semiannual compounding), and t is the number of years (18).
Plugging in the given values into the formula, we have FV = $1,900 * (1 + 0.072/2)^(2 * 18).
Simplifying the expression within the parentheses, we get (1 + 0.036)^36.
Calculating the value within the parentheses, we have 1.036^36.
Using a calculator or spreadsheet, raising 1.036 to the power of 36 yields approximately 2.1176.
Multiplying $1,900 by 2.1176 gives us the future value: $4,023.84.
Therefore, the future value of $1,900 in 18 years at an APR of 7.2 percent compounded semiannually is approximately $4,023.84, rounded to 2 decimal places.
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