Answer:
Because of the amphipathicity and conical molecular shape of fatty acids.
Explanation
They can efficiently incorporate into lipid membranes and disturb membrane integrity, chain packing, and lateral pressure profile. These phenomena affect both model membranes as well as biological membranes. We investigated the feasibility of exploiting fatty acids as permeability enhancers in drug delivery systems for enhancing drug release from liposomal carriers and drug uptake by target cells. Saturated fatty acids, with acyl chain length from C8 to C20, were tested using model drug delivery liposomes of 1,2- dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line as a model cell. A calcein release assay demonstrated a reduction in the membrane permeability barrier of the DPPC, proportionally to the length of the fatty acid. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments revealed that C12 to C20 fatty acids could stabilize DPPC liposomal bilayers and induce large structures, probably due to liposome aggregation and bilayer morphological changes. On the other hand, the short fatty acids C8 and C10 tend to destabilize the bilayers and only moderately cause the formation of large structures. The effect of fatty acids on DPPC liposomes was not completely transferrable to the MCF-7 cell line. Using cytotoxicity assays, the cells were relatively insensitive to the fatty acids at apoptotic sub-millimolar concentrations. Increasing the fatty acid concentration to few millimolar substantially reduced the viability of the cells, most likely via the induction of necrosis and cell lysis. A bioluminescence living-cell-based luciferase assay showed that saturated fatty acids in sub-cytotoxic concentrations could not reduce the permeability barrier of cell membranes. Our results confirm that the membrane perturbing effect of fatty acids on model membranes cannot simply be carried over to biological membranes of live cells.
Please help <3 Will give brainliest
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Which of the following explains why geological events occur?
a The lower mantle is solid rock
b The crust is the same thickness throughout
c The crust is a single layer throughout
d The lower mantle is hotter
Answer:
Hey there,
The answer is A.
This is because the crust is broken into parts called plates and these plates collide with each other or separate from each other or slide past each other.
They move because they sit on top of semi molten rock in the mantle. The semi molten rock moves due to convection currents which is heated up by the core.
It’s is not option B because it does not have u form thickness through out it. For eg the continental crust is 60 km thick while the oceanic plates are wonly 10km thick.
It is not C as the mantle is semi molten not solid.
And it’s not D because it’s not a single layer but multiple layers.
So A is the answer.
I hope this helps!
Explanation:
The new idea however, became herbivores were not just controlled from the bottom, but they also had to be controlled from the top down by predators. This new idea was called what
Answer:
it sounds like the question is talking about Top-down control but i dk if that's the answer because it's in the question
how the plantlets are produced?
How are humans , technology , and the environment interrelated
Answer:
Humans , technology , and environment are always interrelated.
Explanation:
To procure nutrition, water, electricity, medications, construction materials, and several other objects, humans must communicate with the environment. Development of science and technology had already allowed us to take advantage of the eco system, but they have also resulted in massive environmental damage and exploits.
7. Cells will generally divide when? *
Answer:
cells will generally divide when reproduction occurs
hope this helps you ☺️☺️
Which traits do you think are very strictly determined by your genetic make-up (genotype)?
Answer:
Reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.
Explanation:
Reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing are the traits or characteristics that are determined by the genotype. These traits are under the control of genes of an organisms and can be changed if the change in the genes occurs while on the other hand, the physical characteristics of an organisms are determined by phenotype means phenotype is responsible for the appearance of an organisms.
I NEED HELP ON THIS HURRY
Answer:
hHSS (human Hepatic Simulator Substance)
Explanation:
If the ultraviolet light damages the DNA what will be its effect on the protein synthesis? [Serious Answers pls]
In a typical forest, how much natural waste is made in one year?
20cm
40cm
60cm
Two bodies of water that are approximately the same size depth and latitude are found to have a large difference in the number of species inhabiting them what is likely the contributing island biogeography factor resulting in a difference in the number of species found in each body of water?
Answer:
Due to the presence of suitable environment.
Explanation:
Suitable environmental conditions are responsible for the presence of large amount of species in water bodies because suitable environmental conditions provides necessary materials for the growth and survival of organisms. The marine environment that have sufficient amount of food, space, optimum temperature, pH and salt concentrations so in this environment more number of species are present due to increase in population as compared to those ecosystem having harsh environmental conditions.
PLZZZ HELP ME
I WILL REPORT ANY LINKS
Which statement correctly
compares humidity in warm and cold air?
A. Warm air holds less moisture than cold air.
B. Warm air will always hold the same amount of moisture as cold air.
C. Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air.
D. Neither warm or cold air can contain water vapor.
Answer:I believe it is c, it makes the most sense to me. I apologize if I’m wrong
Explanation:
The statement which correctly compares humidity in warm and cold air is that warm air can hold more moisture than cold air. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is Humidity?Humidity may be defined as the amount of water vapor present in the atmosphere of living organisms or an ecosystem. If there is a lot of water vapor in the air, the humidity will be high. The higher the humidity, the wetter it feels outside. On weather reports, humidity is usually explained as relative humidity.
High humidity levels are more likely found in warm air. This is because warm air holds more water at higher temperatures. Due to this, warm air has the capacity to hold a lot of moisture.
But on contrary, fewer humidity levels are more likely found in cold air. This is because cold air holds less water at lower temperatures. Due to this, cold air does not have the capacity to hold a lot of moisture.
Therefore, the statement which correctly compares humidity in warm and cold air is that warm air can hold more moisture than cold air. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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PLEASE HELP :( ILL GIVE U BRAINLIEST One person who is heterozygous for both attached earlobes and Widow’s peak mates with someone who has no widow’s peak and detached earlobes. Predict the Genotypes of the offspring and report the ratio of dominant/recessive phenotypes.
Answer:
AaWw,Aaww, aaWw, aaww
Explanation:
cuz
calculate power when work is 20 J and time is 2 s
Answer:
10W
Explanation:
Power is the "ability to make work over time", so to get the power, just divide work by time.
20J/2s = 10 J/s = 10W
Answer:
10 watts
Explanation:
Power= work done/time
Power= 20J/2s
Power= 10 watts
1. All of the following are correct statements about enzyme regulation EXCEPT: a. Enzymes can be inhibited by the products they produce. b. Enzymes can be inactivated by the addition of a functional group. c. Coenzyme and substrate availability can regulate enzyme reaction rate. d. The reaction rate slows as equilibrium is approached. e. The activity of an enzyme is covalently affected by allosteric regulators. ANSWER: e 2. All of the following are examples of a zymogen and its activating protease EXCEPT: a. chymotrypsinogen and chymotrypsin. b. procarboxypeptidase and elastase. c. proelastase and elastase. d. pepsinogen and pepsin. e. trypsinogen and trypsin. ANSWER: b 3. Proinsulin is converted into insulin by: a. proteolytic excision of a specific peptide. b. allosteric binding of glucose. c. phosphorylation to the active form. d. removal of phosphate by converter enzymes. e. none of the above. ANSWER: a
Answer:
1-For the first one, the statement which is not correct about enzyme regulation is the statement e which is The activity of an enzyme is covalently affected by allosteric regulators
2-The example which does not have a zymogen and activating protease is example b which is procarboxypeptidase and elastase.
3-The process by which proinsulin is converted into insulin is by method a which is proteolytic excision of a specific peptide.
Explanation:
1-All the other statements are correct as indicated below:
a-Enzymes can be inhibited by the products they produce. This is true because the rate of production is reduced in cases of some products. this indicates that the enzymes are not being able to further act.
b-Enzymes can be inactivated by the addition of a functional group. This is true because enzymes can be activated and inactivated manually.
c-Coenzyme and substrate availability can regulate enzyme reaction rate. This is true because lack or shortage conenzyme or substrate can reduce the reaction rate due to lack of availability of required components.
d-The reaction rate slows as equilibrium is approached. This is true as the reaction reaches equilbrium less products are converted back to reactants and less reactants are converted into products.
2-
Similarly all the other examples for 2 have either an activating protease or zymogen except procarboxypeptidase and elastase.
3-
The proinsulin has a specific peptide which is excised thus only option a is correct.
How is replication of an experiment important in a scientific investigation?
Identify the missing parts of the carbon cycle.
Answer: The answer is this
Explanation: I’m not a 100% sure if this is the answer you were looking for lol good luck
In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (), and yellow seed color () is dominant to green seed color (y). The
gene for seed shape and the gene for seed color follow the law of independent assortment and are not sex-linked. In a cross between
two RrYy parents, predict the fraction of offspring with round, yellow seeds.
Answer:
one fourth
Explanation:
What do yall think ??
The diagram below represents a stack of rock layers. Examine the diagram, and answer the question that follows. What do these layers and their fossils suggest about Earth's history?
Answer:
The farther down a layer with a fossil in it the farther back in earths history that organism lived.
Explanation:
Answer:
Layer T is older than 110 million years, and Layers R, X, and G are younger than 110 million years.
Explanation:
Because the principle of superposisiton states that younger layers of rock will be closer to the surface while older layers of rocks will be father to the surface therefore older
A(n)\ is a system composed of living organisms and their interaction with the surrounding environment, where the main focus is the interaction and relationship between species .
1.habitat
2.biome
3.environemnt
4.ecosystem
Answer:
The correct answer is 4.ecosystem.
Explanation:
An ecosystem is a system, that is, a set of elements that interact with each other, in which such elements are: physical environment, living beings and their interactions (predator-prey, parasite-host, competition, symbiosis, pollination, distribution of seeds , etc.) The interrelation between living beings (competition, parasitism, etc.) occurs through cycles of matter and energy flows on which the functioning of the entire ecosystem depends.
make a list of all addie's symtoms
Addie Rerecich was only 11 years old when she was hospitalized with MRSA, an infection her doctor said she likely caught by picking at a scab — like so many kids do. While in the hospital, she contracted an untreatable form of the bacteria stenotrophomonas that nearly took her life. just give the girl above me brailyest
PLZ HELP IF RIGHT I WILL GIVE U BRAINLIST!!
Due IN 10 MINS!!!
Answer:
Hey! New magazine out now! :)
Explanation:
The reproductive handicap for sexual reproduction refers to __________. View Available Hint(s) The reproductive handicap for sexual reproduction refers to __________. diluted genetic investment in offspring dependence on hormonal cycles the need to provide energy for the offspring the difficulty of finding mates the need for maturation prior to reproduction
Answer:
diluted genetic investment in offspring.
Explanation:
Reproduction can be defined as a biological process which typically involves living organisms producing an offspring.
Basically, there are two (2) methods of reproduction and these are;
I. Asexual reproduction: it involves the cloning of a living organism to produce an offspring because there is only a single parent.
II. Sexual reproduction: it involves the combination of the genome (gamete) of a male and female living organism during fertilization.
Generally, asexual reproduction produces more reproductive offsprings than sexual reproduction, this is referred to as a reproductive handicap.
Hence, the reproductive handicap for sexual reproduction refers to diluted genetic investment in offspring.
This ultimately implies that, the sexually reproducing female would have a 50% genetic material passed to its female and male offspring.
However, sexually reproducing female has 100% transfer of her genetic materials through asexual reproduction.
if perimeter of a square is 24cm find its area please give me easy formula
Answer:
4l = 24
so l=6
now
l*l =6*6
= 36 square cm
Answer:
36cm²
Explanation:
Perimeter of a square = 4x (sum of all 4 sides)
Perimeter = 24 cm (given)
[tex]\implies [/tex]4x = 24
x = 24/4 = 6 cm
Now, area of a square = (side)²
Area = (6)²
= 36 cm²
Which statements about geocentric model and heliocentric model are true? Select the two correct answers.
A. They both are models of the solar system.
B. They both show the position of Earth relative to the Sun.
C. They both show Earth at the center of the solar system.
D. They both show the Sun at the center of the solar system.
Answer: Your correct answer would be both A & B.
Explanation: A is the correct answer because both of these models are in fact models of our solar system. The geocentric model had Earth at the center of the solar system with all the other planets and sun rotating around us. The heliocentric model is the accepted model of our solar system today with the sun at the center and planets rotating in slightly elliptical fashions around it due to gravitational pull. B is also correct because as I just explained, both models position Earth in relativity to the sun though both models vary greatly. The aim of both of these models was to specify where Earth was exactly in the solar system. I hope this has been of use to you! Please do not hesitate to ask if you have other questions :)
The two correct statements about the geocentric and the heliocentric model are:
They both show the position of Earth relative to the Sun. They both are models of the solar system.The geocentric model
The geocentric model has the assumption that the earth is at the center of the universe. The sun and the planets are said to revolve around the earth in this model
The heliocentric model:
The heliocentric model has the assumption that the sun is at the center of the universe. The earth and the planets revolve around it.
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6 Claims. Evidence • Reasoning How
are mitosis and meiosis alike and different?
Summarize evidence to support your claim
and explain your reasoning.
3.What are the functions of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the
cytoskeleton?
Answer:
In plant cells, vacuoles maintain water balance. Lysosomes break down excess or worn-out cell parts. The cytoskeleton is a structure that helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization, and it also provides mechanical support that enables cells to carry out essential functions like division and movement.
Explanation:
Storage, waste disposal and structural support are the functions of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the cytoskeleton.
The following are the roles of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the cytoskeleton: Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that can be found in the cells of fungus, protists, and plants. They serve a variety of purposes, such as: Vacuoles have the capacity to store a wide range of materials, including waste materials, pigments, water, and nutrients. They control the osmotic equilibrium and aid in maintaining turgor in plant cells. Vacuoles in plant cells can be used as a storage space for a variety of waste materials and poisons that are damaging to the cell. They keep these molecules apart and stop them from harming other cell components. Support for structure: In plant cells, the huge central vacuoles press on the cell wall to support structure and preserve the form of the cell. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that can be found in cells.
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Identify following phases of meiosis (URGENT!)
Answer:
Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Meiosis stage 1 Phases ^
Meiosis stage 2 phases
Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Telophase II
PLS HELP i’ll mark brainliest !!!
1. Define celular respiration
2.What types of organisms use cellular respiration?
3 In which cell organele does most of aerobic celular respiration occur?
4.What are the reactants of aerobic celular respiration?
5.What are the end-products of aerobic cellular respiration?
6. What is the chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration? How does it relate to the
chemical equation for photosynthesis ?
7. What are the 3 stages of aerobic cellular respiration? Where in the cell does each stage
occur and how many molecules of ATP are generated for each stage? Which stage generates
the most amount of ATP?
8. What types of organisms/cels utilize anaerobic celular respiration?
9. What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?
10. What is fermentation?
What organisms utilize fermentation?
11. Where in the cell does
fermentation take place?
12. What are the end-products of fermentation?
13. How many ATP molecules are generated during fermentation?
14. What types of organisms/cells utilize lactic acid anaerobic respiration? How many molecules
of ATP are generated by lactic acid respiration?
Explanation:
1. Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances.
2.Bacteria, Archea, Plants, Protists, Animals and Fungi.
3.Mitochondria-The eukaryotic cell structure where cellular respiration occurs.
4.Glucose reacts with Oxygen
5.Carbon dioxide and water
6.C6H12O6+6O2 yields 6CO2+6H2O+ energy.
it's the direct opposite of the photosynthesis
chemical equation.
7.Glycolysis-cytoplasm, 2 ATP.
Krebs cycle-mitochondria, 34 ATP.
Oxidative phosphorylation-mitochondria, 26 ATP.
Krebs cycle produces the most ATP.
8.Bacteria and Archaea.
9.Alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.
10.Fermentation is the process in which energy can be released from glucose even though oxygen is not available.
Many bacteria and yeasts.
11.The cytoplasm
12.alcohol, glycerol and carbon dioxide from yeast.
13.2 ATP
14.Bacteria, 2 ATP molecules.