Function overloading is a feature in C++ where two or more functions can share the same name with different parameters.
That's why the function overloading means two or more functions can be defined with the same function name in one program.2. False. In defining a member function whose declaration is in a class, you use the scope resolution operator "::" to specify that the member function being defined belongs to the class. The dot operator "." is used to specify a member of an object of that class.3. The legal declaration(s) of class A's objects are:
These are the legal declarations of class A's objects. They can be declared as shown above because it does not have any constructors or destructor that would prevent the implicit default constructor and copy constructor from being declared.
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____ is the use of computers, video cameras, microphones, and networking technologies to conduct face-to-face meetings over a network.
The correct answer for the given question is "Videoconferencing."
Videoconferencing is the use of computers, video cameras, microphones, and networking technologies to conduct face-to-face meetings over a network.
It is a great way to connect with people in different locations without the need for travel.
This can save time and money and allow for more frequent and effective communication between people who might not otherwise be able to meet in person.
Videoconferencing has many benefits, including increased productivity, reduced travel costs, and improved communication between team members.
Additionally, it can help reduce the environmental impact of business travel by reducing carbon emissions from transportation.
In conclusion, Videoconferencing is a useful tool that allows people to communicate face-to-face over a network, saving time and money while improving communication and collaboration.
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For the purposes of Assignment 2, you will be using your final database design for Assignment 1. You will be required to write a number of SQL scripts to create the database, its tables and populate it with some data.
1. Using your DBMS (SQL Server, or MySQL) create the Urban Real Estate Database.
2. Write an SQL script that will create the tables for the Urban Real Estate Database based on your design. You tables should include the proper field names, data types, and any specific details such as allowing or not allowing null values.
3. Write a script or series of scripts that will populate the tables with the following details.
· Create 5 employees of your choice, 3 of which are agents
· Add 10 clients
· Add 6 properties to the properties tables ( include the required details)
· Add 4 complete transactions where at least one is a rental
· Populate any lookup tables that your design may include (this is for items like property types or transaction types.
4. Write a script that will display the Client details for the clients that have purchased a property.
5. Write a script that will show the properties that each agent has listed grouped by agent.
6. Write a script that will show the commission earned for each agent ( Must use a calculated field for this
If one is using SQL Server as their DBMS. the SQL scripts:
1. To make the Urban Real Estate Database:
sql
CREATE DATABASE UrbanRealEstate;
What is the database design2. To show the Client details for clients who have purchased a property:
sql
USE UrbanRealEstate;
SELECT c.ClientID, c.FirstName, c.LastName, c.Email, c.Phone
FROM Clients c
INNER JOIN Transactions t ON c.ClientID = t.ClientID
WHERE t.TransactionType = 'Sale';
( 2 and 3 are attached since they are showing inappropriate words)
4. sql
USE UrbanRealEstate;
SELECT c.ClientID, c.Name, c.Email, c.Phone
FROM Clients c
JOIN Transactions t ON c.ClientID = t.ClientID
WHERE t.TransactionType = 'Purchase';
5. sql
USE UrbanRealEstate;
SELECT e.EmployeeID, e.Name AS AgentName, p.PropertyID, p.Address, p.Type, p.Price
FROM Employees e
JOIN Transactions t ON e.EmployeeID = t.AgentID
JOIN Properties p ON t.PropertyID = p.PropertyID
ORDER BY e.EmployeeID;
6. sql
USE UrbanRealEstate;
SELECT e.EmployeeID, e.Name AS AgentName, SUM(t.Price * 0.05) AS CommissionEarned
FROM Employees e
JOIN Transactions t ON e.EmployeeID = t.AgentID
GROUP BY e.EmployeeID, e.Name;
Hence the code above can work based on the response above.
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python
Write a program that takes a filename as input. The program should open that file and print every single word in that file backwards.
To write a Python program that takes a filename as input, opens that file, and prints every single word in that file backwards, you can use the following code:```
filename = input("Enter filename: ")
with open(filename, "r") as file:
for line in file:
words = line.split()
for word in words:
print(word[::-1])
The code starts by taking a filename as input from the user using the input() function. This filename is then opened using the open() function and the file object is stored in a variable called file. The "r" argument in the open() function specifies that the file is being opened for reading.Next, the code reads the file line by line using a for loop. Each line is split into a list of words using the split() method.
The for loop then iterates over each word in this list and prints the word backwards using slicing (word[::-1]).The slicing operation [::-1] is used to reverse a string. It means the string is sliced from the beginning to the end, with a step size of -1 (i.e., the string is reversed).So, the above code will print every single word in the file specified by the user, in reverse order.
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what are the differences between imperative programming languages and declarative programming languages. explain and provide examples.
Imperative programming languages specify how to solve a problem, while declarative programming languages focus on what needs to be done.
To explain the differences between imperative and declarative programming languages.
Imperative programming languages focus on specifying the exact steps and instructions that a computer should follow to solve a problem. They are more concerned with "how" things should be done. Examples of imperative programming languages include C, Java, and Python.
In imperative languages, programmers explicitly define the sequence of steps to accomplish a task. This involves using statements like loops, conditionals, and variables to control program flow. For example, in Python, you might write a loop using the "for" keyword to iterate over a list of numbers and perform a specific action on each item.
On the other hand, declarative programming languages focus on describing what a program should accomplish, without specifying the exact steps or instructions to achieve it. They are more concerned with "what" needs to be done. Examples of declarative programming languages include SQL, Prolog, and HTML.
In declarative languages, programmers define the desired outcome or state, and the language's runtime system takes care of figuring out the most efficient way to achieve it. For instance, in SQL, you would write a query to specify the data you want to retrieve from a database, without worrying about how the database engine executes that query.
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which type of software architecture view provides a high level view of important design modules or elements?
The software architecture view that provides a high-level view of important design modules or elements is known as the module view.
The module view is a type of software architecture view that focuses on the organization and structure of the system's components or modules. It provides a high-level perspective of the design elements that make up the system, highlighting their relationships and dependencies. The module view helps in understanding the overall architecture of the system and facilitates communication among stakeholders by providing a simplified representation of the system's structure.
In the module view, the system's components or modules are typically represented as boxes or rectangles, and their relationships are depicted through connectors or arrows. This view enables architects and designers to identify key modules, their responsibilities, and how they interact with each other. It allows for a clear separation of concerns and modularization of the system, which aids in managing complexity and promoting maintainability. The module view is particularly useful for architectural analysis, documentation, and discussing high-level design decisions with stakeholders.
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Preattentive Attributes in a Data Visualization. Which of the following statements about the use of preattentive attributes in a data visualization are true? (Select all that apply.)
The use of preattentive attributes reduces the cognitive load required by the audience to interpret the information conveyed by a data visualization.
Preattentive attributes can be used to draw the audience’s attention to certain parts of a data visualization.
Overuse of preattentive attributes can lead to clutter and can be distracting to the audience.
Preattentive attributes include attributes such as proximity and enclosure.
The use of preattentive attributes reduces the cognitive load required by the audience to interpret the information conveyed by a data visualization.
What are preattentive attributes and how do they impact data visualization?Preattentive attributes are visual cues that our brains automatically and quickly process before conscious attention is engaged. These attributes help in the effective communication of information through data visualization.
When preattentive attributes are used appropriately, they can significantly reduce the cognitive load on the audience. By leveraging attributes like color, size, and shape, important patterns and relationships within the data can be highlighted, making it easier for the audience to interpret the information. This reduces the effort required to analyze the visualization and improves the overall comprehension.
Furthermore, preattentive attributes can be strategically employed to direct the audience's attention to specific parts of the visualization. For example, using a distinct color or shape for important data points or employing motion or orientation cues can effectively draw attention and emphasize particular elements or trends.
However, it is crucial to avoid overusing preattentive attributes, as excessive visual cues can create clutter and lead to distraction. When used sparingly and purposefully, preattentive attributes enhance data visualization by making it more accessible and engaging for the audience.
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Write a program using the + and or operator to build up a string consisting of only the vowels that the
user entered.
Here is a program using the + and or operators to build up a string consisting of only the vowels that the user entered:```
vowels = " "
while True:
user_input = input("Enter a vowel: ")
if user_input.lower() in "aeiou":
vowels += user_input
elif user_input.lower() == "done":
break
else:
print("Invalid input, please enter a vowel or type 'done' to exit.")
print("The vowels you entered are: " + vowels)
``` In this program, the variable `vowels` is initialized to an empty string. Then, we use a `while` loop to repeatedly ask the user to enter a vowel. If the user enters a vowel, we add it to the `vowels` string using the `+=` operator. If the user enters "done", we exit the loop. If the user enters anything else, we print an error message and ask them to enter a vowel or "done".
Finally, we print out the `vowels` string using string concatenation with the `+` operator. The output will be a string containing only the vowels that the user entered.
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You are to write a Class Deck which emulates a full deck of playing cards. That is 4 suits (Clubs, Spades,
Hearts, and Diamonds) and 13 ranks (Ace, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, Jack, Queen, King) in each suit. This of
course makes for a total of 52 playing cards in the deck.
Mandatory Instance variable:
private boolean[] deck = new boolean[52];
Mandatory Instance and Class methods:
public void initDeck()
// set the values of deck to indicate that they are all
// pressent - not delt yet.
public boolean emptyDeck()
// returns wheather or not all the cards in the deck
// have already been delt.
public int dealCard()
// returns a card (an int in the range 0 to 51) at random
// that has not been delt since the deck was initialize
// via intDeck. Also notes (in deck) that this card is
// no longer available.
public static String cardToString(int card)
// given a card (an int in the range 0 to 51) returns
// an appropriate String repressentation of this card
// based on a 1-1 and onto mapping of the set [0, 51]
// to the cards described above.
You are also to write a Driver Class DeckDriver to test your Deck class.
Mandatory Functionality:
Your driver class must minimally print all the cards in the deck in the random order that they are "dealt".
Such as in Program 1.
Rules and Requirements:
•All access to the instance variable(s) in your deck classes’ instance methods must be made via this.
Notes and Hint:
1. You should be able to re-use much of your methods code from Program 1 in writing your deck class.
2. You should be able to "re-write" your main method from Program 1 into your driver class with
minimal modification / effort.
Lastly you are to write a second deck class SmartDeck which adds a second instance variable cardsDealt
that at all times contains the number of cards dealt since that last call to initDeck()
Notes and Hint:
1. cardsDealt will need to be modified by initDeck(), and dealCard(), and will allow you to write
emptyDeck() without the use of a loop.
2. Your DeckDriver class must also work identically whether "myDeck" is declared as Deck or SmartDeck.
Sample run(s):
Run 1: - with Deck class -
-----------------------------------------------------------
Here is a shuffled deck ...
7S KS 2H 6S 4C 2D 9D 9C
4H 7C 9H 3D 5H 5D 10S 2S
JH AH 4S KC QC AD QD 7D
AS KD 5C 7H KH 3C JC 2C
4D 8H AC 5S 10C JS 3H 9S
8D 10D 8S 6C QH 8C JD 3S
QS 6D 10H 6H
Run 2: - with SmartDeck class -
-----------------------------------------------------------
Here is a shuffled deck ...
2D 10C AD 6C JC JH KS 4S
9C 9S 2S AC QS 3C 3H 8C
3S QC AS 4D 10S 2C 8S 6D
6S 9H 2H 5S JD KD QH 10D
7H QD 3D 6H 7D 8H 5D 4H
KH AH 8D 7C 9D 7S 5C 5H
KC JS 4C 10H
The Deck class and SmartDeck class provide implementations for representing a deck of playing cards, allowing initialization, card dealing, and conversion to string. The code includes a driver class for testing purposes.
The Deck class and SmartDeck class are designed to represent a deck of playing cards. The Deck class uses a boolean array to simulate the deck and includes methods for initializing the deck, checking if it's empty, dealing a card, and converting a card to a string representation.
The DeckDriver class is used to test the Deck class by printing the shuffled deck. The SmartDeck class is a subclass of Deck and adds an additional instance variable to track the number of cards dealt since initialization.
The SmartDeck class modifies the emptyDeck() method for efficiency. The same DeckDriver class can be used to test the SmartDeck class.
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hi i already have java code now i need test cases only. thanks.
Case study was given below. From case study by using eclipse IDE
1. Create and implement test cases to demonstrate that the software system have achieved the required functionalities.
Case study: Individual income tax rates
These income tax rates show the amount of tax payable in every dollar for each income tax bracket depending on your circumstances.
Find out about the tax rates for individual taxpayers who are:
Residents
Foreign residents
Children
Working holiday makers
Residents
These rates apply to individuals who are Australian residents for tax purposes.
Resident tax rates 2022–23
Resident tax rates 2022–23
Taxable income
Tax on this income
0 – $18,200
Nil
$18,201 – $45,000
19 cents for each $1 over $18,200
$45,001 – $120,000
$5,092 plus 32.5 cents for each $1 over $45,000
$120,001 – $180,000
$29,467 plus 37 cents for each $1 over $120,000
$180,001 and over
$51,667 plus 45 cents for each $1 over $180,000
The above rates do not include the Medicare levy of 2%.
Resident tax rates 2021–22
Resident tax rates 2021–22
Taxable income
Tax on this income
0 – $18,200
Nil
$18,201 – $45,000
19 cents for each $1 over $18,200
$45,001 – $120,000
$5,092 plus 32.5 cents for each $1 over $45,000
$120,001 – $180,000
$29,467 plus 37 cents for each $1 over $120,000
$180,001 and over
$51,667 plus 45 cents for each $1 over $180,000
The above rates do not include the Medicare levy of 2%.
Foreign residents
These rates apply to individuals who are foreign residents for tax purposes.
Foreign resident tax rates 2022–23
Foreign resident tax rates 2022–23
Taxable income
Tax on this income
0 – $120,000
32.5 cents for each $1
$120,001 – $180,000
$39,000 plus 37 cents for each $1 over $120,000
$180,001 and over
$61,200 plus 45 cents for each $1 over $180,000
Foreign resident tax rates 2021–22
Foreign resident tax rates 2021–22
Taxable income
Tax on this income
0 – $120,000
32.5 cents for each $1
$120,001 – $180,000
$39,000 plus 37 cents for each $1 over $120,000
$180,001 and over
$61,200 plus 45 cents for each $1 over $180,000
The given case study presents the income tax rates for different categories of individual taxpayers, including residents, foreign residents, children, and working holiday makers. It outlines the tax brackets and rates applicable to each category. The main purpose is to calculate the amount of tax payable based on the taxable income. This involves considering different income ranges and applying the corresponding tax rates.
1. Residents:
For individuals who are Australian residents for tax purposes.Tax rates for the 2022-23 and 2021-22 financial years are provided.Medicare levy of 2% is not included in the above rates.The tax brackets and rates are as follows:
Taxable income 0 – $18,200: No tax payable.Taxable income $18,201 – $45,000: Taxed at 19 cents for each dollar over $18,200.Taxable income $45,001 – $120,000: Taxed at $5,092 plus 32.5 cents for each dollar over $45,000.Taxable income $120,001 – $180,000: Taxed at $29,467 plus 37 cents for each dollar over $120,000.Taxable income $180,001 and over: Taxed at $51,667 plus 45 cents for each dollar over $180,000.2. Foreign residents:
Applicable to individuals who are foreign residents for tax purposes.Tax rates for the 2022-23 and 2021-22 financial years are provided.The tax brackets and rates are as follows:
Taxable income 0 – $120,000: Taxed at 32.5 cents for each dollar.Taxable income $120,001 – $180,000: Taxed at $39,000 plus 37 cents for each dollar over $120,000.Taxable income $180,001 and over: Taxed at $61,200 plus 45 cents for each dollar over $180,000.3. Children and working holiday makers:
The case study does not provide specific tax rates for children and working holiday makers.Additional research or information would be needed to determine the applicable rates for these categories.The given case study offers information on income tax rates for different categories of individual taxpayers, such as residents and foreign residents. It allows for the calculation of tax payable based on the taxable income within specific income brackets. The rates provided can be utilized to accurately determine the amount of tax owed by individuals falling within the respective categories. However, specific tax rates for children and working holiday makers are not included in the given information, necessitating further investigation to determine the applicable rates for these groups.
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What is deauthentication attack in wireless? Is it the same as dissociation? When/why these attack(s) work/do not work? Please discuss in short by explaining also how they work.
2. What can be done against offline attacks to crack WPA passphrase? Is the answer the same for WPA2?
Deauthentication attack is one of the most common attacks against Wi-Fi networks. It works by sending deauthentication packets to the access point (AP), thus disconnecting all the clients from it.
This type of attack does not require an attacker to have the network's password to carry out the attack. On the other hand, a dissociation attack is different from a deauthentication attack. Dissociation attack is launched by sending a dissociation frame to one of the clients connected to the access point.
The goal is to force the client to disconnect from the network, but the access point is not affected. In a dissociation attack, an attacker needs to have the Wi-Fi network's password to carry out the attack. Both attacks work because of the way Wi-Fi networks are designed. Wi-Fi networks use an open medium, which means that anyone with a wireless device can connect to it. This open medium is also what makes it easy for attackers to launch deauthentication and dissociation attacks. To protect against these attacks, one can use strong encryption and authentication methods like WPA2 and implement MAC filtering. Offline attacks to crack WPA passphrase can be done using a brute-force attack, dictionary attack, or a combination of both. The best defense against offline attacks is to use a strong passphrase, implement network segmentation, and use network security tools to detect and prevent unauthorized access to the network. The answer for WPA2 is the same as WPA.
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Given an integer n>=2 and two nxn matrices A and B of real numbers, find the product AB of the matrices. Your function should have three input parameters a positive integer n and two nxn matrices of numbers- and should return the n×n product matrix. Run your algorithm on the problem instances: a) n=2,A=( 2
3
7
5
),B=( 8
6
−4
6
) b) n=3,A= ⎝
⎛
1
3
6
0
−2
2
2
5
−3
⎠
⎞
,B= ⎝
⎛
.3
.4
−.5
.25
.8
.75
.1
0
.6
⎠
⎞
The product matrix AB of the two given matrices A and B when n=3 is (0.1, 0.5, −2.9, 0, 0.8, −1.5, 2, 5.5, −6).
Given an integer n>=2 and two nxn matrices A and B of real numbers, we can find the product AB of the matrices. A product matrix will be of n × n size.
We can use matrix multiplication to calculate this product. A matrix multiplication is an operation in which the rows of the first matrix multiplied with the corresponding columns of the second matrix. We can apply this operation to calculate the product of two matrices.
Let us take an example of matrix multiplication where n=2, A= ( 2 3 7 5 ), B= ( 8 6 −4 6 ). First, we will write the matrix product formula: AB = (a11.b11+a12.b21), (a11.b12+a12.b22), (a21.b11+a22.b21), (a21.b12+a22.b22)
Here, a11 = 2, a12 = 3, a21 = 7, a22 = 5, b11 = 8, b12 = 6, b21 = −4, b22 = 6AB = (2.8+3.−4), (2.6+3.6), (7.8+5.−4), (7.6+5.6) = (16−12), (12+18), (56+−20), (42+30) = (4), (30), (36), (72)
Thus, the product AB of the given two matrices A and B is the matrix of size n × n that will have elements (4, 30, 36, 72).We can calculate the product matrix for the second problem instance as well using the same approach.
The only change here will be the value of n and the matrices A and B. Hence, the product matrix AB of the two given matrices A and B when n=3 is (0.1, 0.5, −2.9, 0, 0.8, −1.5, 2, 5.5, −6).
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Objective: Write a C program to read two arrays of N int values and print all elements that appear in both arrays in a sorted order. You need to calculate the execution time for your algorithm when the input data is randomly created and when the input data is sorted in ascending order.
Your program should implement the following operations:
a) Randomly initialize n int values starting from 0 and store them in array X.
inputData(int X[], int n)
Call this function to initialize the values of 2 arrays.
b) Initialize n int values starting from 0 in an ascending order and store these values in array X.
inputData(int X[], int n, int increment)
Call this function two times to initialize the values of 2 arrays sorted in ascending order with different increment. For example, if the increment value is equal to 5 the values of an array will be: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20,25....
c) CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforRandomInput (int A[], int B[])
Design an algorithm to count the number of elements in both arrays where both arrays are in a random order.
d) CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforSortedInput (int A[], int B[])
Design a different algorithm that counts the elements that both arrays where both arrays are in sorted order.
Requirements:
1. The program should count the number of all common elements in both arrays. You need to design:
a) CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforRandomInput takes as an input two arrays and count the number of all common elements in both arrays.
b) CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforSortedInput takes as input two sorted arrays and count the number of all common elements in both arrays.
2. Your program should perform an experimental analysis of their running times by doing the following:
For each algorithm, choose at least 5 appropriate large values for n, where n is the input array size, and determine how long it takes to run in nanoseconds. For example, value of n (10000,20000, 40,0000,…..100000, etc.).
Notes:
a) Try to choose large values for n to avoid an erratic timing (e.g., 0s or there is no clear increase in time with respect to input size).
b) You are required to use the same values of n for both arrays.
3. Your report should include a write up for the following:
Describe in English sentences CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforRandomInput and CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforSortedInput.
Please, include the input, output, and how the algorithm works. Also, include any restrictions to be considered to make the algorithm works correctly (e.g. size of input arrays >= 1 , whether the array is sorted or not….)
The objective of the given task is to write a C program that reads two arrays of N integer values and prints all elements that appear in both arrays in a sorted order. The program should implement operations to initialize the arrays with random values or sorted values in ascending order. Additionally, two different algorithms need to be designed to count the common elements in both arrays: one for randomly ordered arrays and another for sorted arrays. The program should also perform an experimental analysis of the running times for each algorithm using large values of N.
The main task involves writing a C program that handles two arrays of N integer values. The program provides functions to initialize the arrays: `inputData` initializes the arrays with random values, while `inputData` with an additional increment parameter initializes the arrays with sorted values in ascending order. Two algorithms need to be designed for counting the common elements in the arrays: `CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforRandomInput` for randomly ordered arrays and `CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforSortedInput` for sorted arrays.
The `CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforRandomInput` algorithm takes two arrays as input and counts the number of common elements between them. The arrays can be in random order, and the algorithm iterates through each element of one array and checks if it exists in the other array. The count of common elements is returned.
The `CountElementsinBothArraysAlgforSortedInput` algorithm handles the case when the input arrays are already sorted in ascending order. It utilizes a more efficient approach by comparing the elements of the sorted arrays without the need for exhaustive comparisons. The algorithm iterates through both arrays simultaneously, incrementing the indices based on the comparison of elements. It counts and returns the number of common elements found.
The program should perform an experimental analysis by measuring the execution times of each algorithm for different large values of N. This helps evaluate the efficiency and scalability of the algorithms. By analyzing the execution times, it becomes possible to determine the impact of input size on the algorithm's performance.
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Exercise 5 - Large Integers version 2 - more points for this exercise Modify your previous version to add two large integers and output the result if it is valid. You must utilize functions and here are the three required functions: convert an operand as string to an int array, add valid operands (two big integers as two int arrays), and output one big integer in required format (big integer as one int array). Think about the best way to set up these functions especially how to return result for the add function. Pseudocode is not required, but feel free to use it, especially the add function. Follow the interface below and you must try the following test cases: Enter an expression →1234+72< Enter> 1234+72=1306 Enter an expression −w>987654321+123456789<8nter> n87654721+ 123456789=1111111110 987654321+123456789=1111111110 W 19 digits +1 digit =20 digits (1 and 19 zeros) Enter an express 1 on −−>99999999999999999+ 1eEnter> 9999999999999999999+1=10000000000000000000 11 20 digits +1 digis = averilaw Enter an expreudion _-> 99999999999999999999+1 <हnter> 99999999999999999999+1 = averflow II 21 digits +3 digits = invalid operand(s) Enter an expreselon − - 999999999999999999990+123 Invalid operand (5)
Here's an example implementation in Python that satisfies the requirements:
How to write the codedef convert_operand_to_array(operand):
return [int(digit) for digit in operand]
def add_operands(operand1, operand2):
result = []
carry = 0
len1 = len(operand1)
len2 = len(operand2)
length = max(len1, len2)
for i in range(length):
digit1 = operand1[-i-1] if i < len1 else 0
digit2 = operand2[-i-1] if i < len2 else 0
sum_digits = digit1 + digit2 + carry
result.append(sum_digits % 10)
carry = sum_digits // 10
if carry > 0:
result.append(carry)
result.reverse()
return result
def output_big_integer(big_integer):
return ''.join(str(digit) for digit in big_integer)
# Test Cases
test_cases = [
["1234", "72"],
["987654321", "123456789"],
["99999999999999999", "1"],
["99999999999999999999", "1"],
["999999999999999999990", "123"]
]
for test in test_cases:
operand1 = convert_operand_to_array(test[0])
operand2 = convert_operand_to_array(test[1])
result = add_operands(operand1, operand2)
print(f"{test[0]} + {test[1]} = {output_big_integer(result)}")
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Write a program that does the following... (a) Declare a variable. (b) Assign it a value. (c) Declare a pointer variable (d) Assign the pointer to the address of the first variable. (e) Display the values of both variables. (f) Display the addresses of both variables. (g) Display the value of the dereferenced pointer. Run the program, and submit the code and the results through Canvas Assignments.
Here is the program which is doing the following operations:
a. Declaring a variable
b. Assigning a value to it
c. Declaring a pointer variable
d. Assigning the pointer to the address of the first variable
e. Displaying the values of both variables
f. Displaying the addresses of both variables
g. Displaying the value of the dereferenced pointer.
#include int main()
{ int a=30; int *p; p=&a; printf("The value of a is : %d \n", a);
printf("The value of a is : %p \n", &a);
printf("The value of p is : %p \n", p);
printf("The value of *p is : %d \n", *p);
return 0; }
Here, int is the datatype of the variable which we have used in this program. We have used p to store the address of the variable a. And, &a represents the address of the variable a.
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I'm having difficulties understanding BIG O Notation.
Can you please give a coding example of: O(n!), O(n^2), O(nlogn), O(n), O(logn), O(1)
Please explain in depth how the coding example is the following time complexity.
Big O Notation is a way of measuring the time complexity of an algorithm or program. It quantifies the worst-case scenario of an algorithm's runtime based on the input size. In simple terms, it indicates how the execution time or space usage of an algorithm scales with the input size.
Big O Notation is commonly used to describe the following time complexities:
1. O(1): Constant Time - The algorithm's runtime remains constant regardless of the input size.
2. O(log n): Logarithmic Time - The algorithm's runtime grows logarithmically with the input size.
3. O(n): Linear Time - The algorithm's runtime increases linearly with the input size.
4. O(n log n): Linearithmic Time - The algorithm's runtime grows in proportion to n multiplied by the logarithm of n.
5. O(n²): Quadratic Time - The algorithm's runtime is proportional to the square of the input size.
6. O(2^n): Exponential Time - The algorithm's runtime grows exponentially with the input size.
7. O(n!): Factorial Time - The algorithm's runtime grows factorially with the input size.
To understand these complexities better, let's explore coding examples for each of them.
O(n!): Factorial Time - Factorial time complexity is exceptionally complex and involves examining every possible permutation of a given input. An example is printing out all possible permutations of a list of n elements.
O(n²): Quadratic Time - Quadratic time complexity algorithms are inefficient, as they examine all elements of a list in nested loops. An example is sorting an array using the bubble sort algorithm.
O(n log n): Linearithmic Time - Linearithmic time complexity is often used for sorting large data sets or solving divide-and-conquer problems. An example is the Merge sort algorithm.
O(n): Linear Time - Linear time complexity algorithms simply examine each element in a list. An example is printing out all elements of a list.
O(log n): Logarithmic Time - Logarithmic time complexity algorithms reduce the input size by half at each iteration, often using a divide-and-conquer strategy. An example is binary search.
O(1): Constant Time - Constant time complexity algorithms perform a fixed number of operations regardless of the input size. An example is accessing an element of an array by index.
These examples demonstrate the different time complexities and provide insights into how the algorithms' runtime scales with the input size.
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Considering how monitoring methodologies work, answer the following question regarding the two monitoring methodologies below:
A. Anomaly monitoring.
B. Behavioural monitoring.
Using a comprehensive example, which of the two methodologies has the potential to be chosen over the other and why? In your answer, also state one example of when each of the methodologies is used and useful.(5)
Q.4.2 Packets can be filtered by a firewall in one of two ways, stateless and stateful packet filtering.
Which type of filtering would you use to stop session hijacking attacks and justify your answer? (4)
Q.4.3 ABC organisation is experiencing a lot of data breaches through employees sharing sensitive information with unauthorised users.
Suggest a solution that would put an end to the data breaches that may be experienced above. Using examples, explain how the solution prevents data breaches. (6)
Q.4.1:Anomaly Monitoring and Behavioral Monitoring are two of the most commonly used monitoring methods in organizations. Anomaly Monitoring analyzes data for unusual occurrences that might indicate a threat, while Behavioral Monitoring looks for anomalies in user behavior patterns.
Q.4.2:To prevent session hijacking attacks, stateful packet filtering should be used. This is because it is able to keep track of session states, which enables it to detect when a session has been hijacked or taken over.
Q.4.3:To stop data breaches that occur due to employees sharing sensitive information with unauthorized users, ABC organization can implement a data loss prevention (DLP) solution.
Q.4.1;Example: For example, let's say that an organization wants to monitor its financial transactions for fraud. In this case, anomaly monitoring would be more effective because it would be able to detect any unusual transactions, such as transactions that fall outside of the norm.
Behavioral monitoring, on the other hand, would be more useful in detecting insider threats, where an employee's behavior suddenly changes and indicates that they may be stealing data or accessing unauthorized files.
Q.4.2.When a session is hijacked, the attacker sends a fake packet to the victim that contains the session ID. Since the stateful firewall keeps track of session states, it will recognize that the fake packet does not match the session state and therefore will not allow it through, thereby preventing the session hijacking attack.
Q.4.3:This solution works by monitoring and detecting when sensitive data is being shared inappropriately, and then blocking the data from being shared. It can do this by using a variety of techniques, such as scanning email attachments, monitoring network traffic, and even analyzing user behavior patterns.
For example, if an employee tries to send an email that contains sensitive data to an unauthorized user, the DLP solution will detect this and block the email from being sent.
Similarly, if an employee tries to access a sensitive file that they are not authorized to access, the DLP solution will detect this and block the access. This prevents data breaches by ensuring that sensitive data is only shared with authorized users and is not leaked to unauthorized users.
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The following message is enciphered using a shift. By using letter frequencies, determine the likeliest values of the shift and use a process of elimination to obtain the plaintext. Show your work how you solve it.
EDGHE TGXIN XHCDI LXIWD JIBPC NUTPG HPCSS XHIPH ITHPC SPSKT GHXIN XHCDI LXIWD JIRDB UDGIH PCSWD ETH
The message is enciphered using a shift. By using letter frequencies, determine the likeliest values of the shift and use a process of elimination to obtain the plaintext. Show your work how you solve it.
As we know that, in English language, the most frequent letter is E, so we will look for the second-most frequent letter in the encrypted message, it would be H as in English, which represents a shift of three as we use the alphabet;
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z.
We can test this by replacing the letter of the encrypted message by the decrypted letter by shifting it by three. For example, the first word of the encrypted message is "EDGHE", so we can replace the letter E with B, then we replace the letter D with A, and so on.
The final decrypted message after replacing all the letters is:
BEACH WHALE SUNG DANCE HONEY STICKY HONEY WITH PANTS WHICH SUNG DANCE HONEY STICKY WHALE FISH HONEY BEEHIVE PANIC BE.
It seems to be a nonsense message, but the main idea is to test all the possible shift values. we can try a shift of four, and so on, until we find a decrypted message with meaning.
As the answer requires a maximum of 120 words, this would suffice.
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Unix Tools and Scripting, execute, provide screenshot, and explain
awk -F: '/true?man/ {printf("%-20s %-12s %6d\n", $2, $3, $6) }' emp.lst
The command `awk -F: '/true?man/ {printf("%-20s %-12s %6d\n", $2, $3, $6) }' emp.lst` is used to search for lines in the file `emp.lst` that match the pattern `/true?man/` and print specific fields from those lines in a formatted manner.
1. The `awk` command is a versatile text processing tool commonly used in Unix/Linux environments.
2. The `-F:` option specifies that the input fields should be separated by a colon (`:`) delimiter.
3. `/true?man/` is the pattern that is being searched for. It matches lines that contain either "trueman" or "tman", where the `?` quantifier makes the preceding `e` in "true" optional.
4. `{printf("%-20s %-12s %6d\n", $2, $3, $6)}` is the action block that is executed for lines that match the pattern. It uses the `printf` function to format and print specific fields from the matching lines.
5. `$2`, `$3`, and `$6` refer to the second, third, and sixth fields of the input line, respectively. The format specifier `%s` is used for strings (`$2` and `$3`), and `%d` is used for integers (`$6`). The `-20s` and `-12s` specify the minimum field widths, and `%6d` specifies the width for the integer field.
6. The output is displayed on the terminal, showing the formatted values of the specified fields from the matching lines.
The `awk` command with the given parameters and action block allows for efficient searching and processing of lines in the `emp.lst` file. It prints specific fields in a formatted manner for lines that match the pattern `/true?man/`. By customizing the pattern and the fields to be printed, this command can be adapted to suit various text processing requirements in Unix/Linux environments.
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Question 5 0/2 pts How many major Scopes does JavaScript have? 1 4+ 2 3
JavaScript has three major Scopes.
In JavaScript, scope refers to the accessibility or visibility of variables, functions, and objects in some particular part of your code during runtime. JavaScript has three major types of scopes: global scope, function scope, and block scope.
1. Global Scope: Variables declared outside any function or block have global scope. They can be accessed from anywhere in the code, including inside functions or blocks. Global variables are accessible throughout the entire program.
2. Function Scope: Variables declared inside a function have function scope. They are only accessible within that specific function and its nested functions. Function scope provides a level of encapsulation, allowing variables to be isolated and not interfere with other parts of the code.
3. Block Scope: Introduced in ES6 (ECMAScript 2015), block scope allows variables to be scoped to individual blocks, such as if statements or loops, using the `let` and `const` keywords. Variables declared with `let` and `const` are only accessible within the block where they are defined. Block scope helps prevent variable leaks and enhances code clarity.
In summary, JavaScript has three major scopes: global scope, function scope, and block scope. Each scope has its own set of rules regarding variable accessibility and lifetime.
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What fundamental set of programs control the internal operations of the computers hardware?
The fundamental set of programs that control the internal operations of a computer's hardware is the operating system.
An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and the hardware. It controls the overall operation of the computer system, including hardware, applications, and user interface. It manages the allocation of system resources such as memory and processing power to the different applications that are running on the computer. An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is the most essential type of system software in a computer system.
An operating system is a fundamental set of programs that controls the internal operations of a computer's hardware. It manages the allocation of system resources such as memory and processing power to the different applications that are running on the computer. An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and the hardware. It controls the overall operation of the computer system, including hardware, applications, and user interface. Operating systems are essential for all modern computers, and without them, we wouldn't be able to run the programs that we need for work, entertainment, and education
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1. Introduction Given a list of credentials as input, you will need to implement a C++ program to add these input objects into a linked list. Within the linked list, your program needs to perform different adding, removing and sorting operations base on the given commands. This homework will focus on linked list implementation and simple sorting techniques. When submit your assignment, please name the folder on the server as "hw2". 2. Input files - The input file will contain a list of credentials (ranging from 0 to 100 ). - Each credential represents a node in the linked list and should be added one by one to the end of the linked list. - Each credential will have four attributes: id, username, score, and grade. - Note: id will always contain 4 digits ranging from 0 to 9 . username will always contain lowercase alphabet character (a−z), no spaces or special character included. score will range from 0 to 100 . grade is given between A,B,C,D, and F. - The formatting of each credential is as follow: [id:value; usenname:value; score:value;grade:value] - Valid credential should have all attributes present and appear in this order: id, username, score, grade. o Example of valid credential: [id:1234; username: spongebob; score:100;grade:A] - Example of invalid credential: [id:1234; username:steve; grade: C] - missing attribute: score [id:1234; grade: B; score:85; username: batman] - out of order - Invalid credential should be ignored. - The input will not contain any empty lines or blank spaces. - In the case when the input is empty, continue to process the command. - While reading the input, \ n and \r should be removed before processing string. - Input might contain duplicate id credential or duplicate username credential, please read section 5 below on how to process duplicate cases.
To implement a C++ program that adds input objects into a linked list, performs various operations like adding, removing, and sorting, follow the steps below:
In this C++ program, the goal is to create a linked list and perform different operations on it based on the given commands. The input file contains a list of credentials, where each credential represents a node in the linked list. The credentials consist of four attributes: id, username, score, and grade.
The program reads the input file line by line, removing any newline characters (\n or \r), and validates each credential. A valid credential must have all attributes present and appear in the correct order: id, username, score, and grade. If a credential is invalid, it is ignored.
For each valid credential, a new node is created and added to the end of the linked list. The program continues this process until all credentials from the input file are processed.
Once the linked list is populated, the program can perform various operations like adding a new credential to the end of the list, removing a credential by its id or username, and sorting the list based on a specified attribute (e.g., id, score).
To handle duplicate cases, if a new credential has the same id as an existing node in the linked list, it is ignored. If a new credential has the same username as an existing node, the existing node is updated with the new credential's attributes.
Overall, this program focuses on implementing a linked list and provides functionality for adding, removing, and sorting credentials based on specified commands.
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The below is the VIF of independent variables.
Also assume that the ascending order of important variables is region1, region2, Overtime, Partime, Remote, Total.Staff and Total.Labor. Thus Total.Labor is the most important independent variable for this regression model.
Total.Staff Remote Total.Labor Overtime region1 region2 Partime
120.009956 1.256192 13.34 10.45 1.581673 1.749834 100.3
Which one do we need to eliminate first?
a.region1
b.Partime
c.region2
d.We do not need to elimiate any independent variable.
e.Total.Staff
Therefore, the correct answer is e. Total.Staff. The correct answer is e
VIF stands for the Variance Inflation Factor.
It is a metric used to assess multicollinearity in a regression analysis. The multicollinearity occurs when two or more independent variables are strongly correlated with one another.
This problem can cause the estimates of the coefficients of the individual independent variables to be imprecise and sometimes misleading.
Therefore, we may want to eliminate some independent variables, but which one should be eliminated first?
According to the problem, the ascending order of important variables is region1, region2, Overtime, Partime, Remote, Total.Staff, and Total.Labor.
Thus Total.Labor is the most important independent variable for this regression model.
As we can see from the table, VIF values greater than 10 are generally considered to indicate a problematic amount of multicollinearity.
According to this threshold, we need to eliminate the independent variable with the highest VIF value, which is Total.Staff (VIF = 120.009956), to reduce the amount of multicollinearity in the regression analysis.
Therefore, the correct answer is e. Total.Staff.
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Write a program that displays the name of the founder of the C++ inside a box on the console screen like this. Don't worry about making it too perfect. Expected Output: Do your best to approximate lines with characters, such as ∣,−, and +.
To display the name of the founder of C++ inside a box on the console screen, we will have to use the following terms:a. cout statementb. stringc. for loopd.
charactersAs given, we need to display the name of the founder of C++ inside a box on the console screen. The name of the founder of C++ is Bjarne Stroustrup.The program to display the name of the founder of C++ inside a box on the console screen can be implemented using the below code snippet.```#include using namespace std;int main(){ // declaration of variable string name=" Bjarne Stroustrup "; //displaying the pattern cout << "+------------------------------+" << endl; for(int i=0;i<3;i++) cout << "|" << setw(30) << "|" << endl; cout << "|" << setw(14) << name << setw(16) << "|" << endl; for(int i=0;i<3;i++) cout << "|" << setw(30) << "|" << endl; cout << "+------------------------------+" << endl; return 0;}```This program will give the following output on the console screen:Output:```
+------------------------------+
| |
| |
| |
| Bjarne Stroustrup |
| |
| |
| |
+------------------------------+```Note: Here setw() is a library function in C++ that sets the width of the field assigned to display the output.
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Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
Portability, Battery Power, Built-in Display and Keyboard are commonly associated with laptop computers
Three of the following commonly associated with laptop computers are:
1. Portability: One of the key features of a laptop computer is its portability. Laptops are designed to be compact and lightweight, allowing users to carry them easily and use them in various locations.
2. Battery Power: Unlike desktop computers that require a constant power source, laptops are equipped with rechargeable batteries. This allows users to use their laptops even when they are not connected to a power outlet, providing flexibility and mobility.
3. Built-in Display and Keyboard: Laptops have a built-in display screen and keyboard, eliminating the need for external monitors and keyboards. These components are integrated into the laptop's design, making it a self-contained device.
Other options like "Higher Processing Power," "Expandable Hardware Components," and "Large Storage Capacity" are not exclusive to laptops and can be found in both laptops and desktop computers.
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2. LetterCheck a. Write a Python program (LetterCheck.py) that checks if a letter is in the middle of the alphabet, i.e. between the letters H−Q (including H, but not including Q ). The program will prompt the user to enter a letter or a digit, and print True, if the letter is in the middle of the alphabet, between H and Q, False otherwise. (A similar program is shown on slide 19 of lecture 05 ).
The Python program, LetterCheck.py, checks whether a given letter is in the middle of the alphabet, specifically between H and Q. It prompts the user to input a letter or digit and then prints True if the letter falls between H and Q (including H but excluding Q), and False otherwise.
How to check if a letter is in the middle of the alphabet?To determine if a letter is in the middle of the alphabet, we can compare its ordinal value with the ordinals of H and Q.
In Python, we can obtain the ordinal value of a character using the built-in ord() function. The ordinal values for H and Q are 72 and 81, respectively.
Therefore, to check if a letter is in the desired range, we need to ensure its ordinal value is greater than or equal to 72 and less than 81.
To implement this logic, we can write a Python program that follows these steps:
Prompt the user to enter a letter or digit.Store the input in a variable.Convert the input to uppercase using the upper() method to handle lowercase letters.Get the ordinal value of the input letter using the ord() function.Compare the ordinal value with the range of 72 to 81 using the comparison operators.Print True if the letter is in the middle of the alphabet, and False otherwise.Learn more about: Python program
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Use C++ to code a simple game outlined below.
Each PLAYER has:
- a name
- an ability level (0, 1, or 2)
- a player status (0: normal ; 1: captain)
- a score
Each TEAM has:
- a name
- a group of players
- a total team score
- exactly one captain Whenever a player has a turn, they get a random score:
- ability level 0: score is equally likely to be 0, 1, 2, or 3
- ability level 1: score is equally likely to be 2, 3, 4, or 5
- ability level 2: score is equally likely to be 4, 5, 6, or 7
Whenever a TEAM has a turn
- every "normal" player on the team gets a turn
- the captain gets two turns. A competition goes as follows:
- players are created
- two teams are created
- a draft is conducted in which each team picks players
- the competition has 5 rounds
- during each round, each team gets a turn (see above)
- at the end, team with the highest score wins
You should write the classes for player and team so that all three test cases work.
For best results, start small. Get "player" to work, then team, then the game.
Likewise, for "player", start with the constructor and then work up from three
Test as you go. Note:
min + (rand() % (int)(max - min + 1))
... generates a random integer between min and max, inclusive
Feel free to add other helper functions or features or whatever if that helps.
The "vector" data type in C++ can be very helpful here.
Starter code can be found below. Base the code off of the provided work.
File: play_game.cpp
#include
#include "player.cpp" #include "team.cpp"
using namespace std;
void test_case_1();
void test_case_2();
void test_case_3();
int main(){
// pick a test case to run, or create your own
test_case_1();
test_case_2();
test_case_3();
return 0;
} // Test ability to create players
void test_case_1(){
cout << "********** Test Case 1 **********" << endl;
// create a player
player alice("Alice Adams");
// reset player's score to zero
alice.reset_score();
// set player's ability (0, 1, or 2)
alice.set_ability(0); // player gets a single turn (score is incremented by a random number)
alice.play_turn();
// return the player's score
int score = alice.get_score();
// display the player's name and total score
alice.display();
cout << endl;
}
// Test ability to create teams
void test_case_2(){ cout << "********** Test Case 2 **********" << endl;
// create players by specifying name and skill level
player* alice = new player("Alice Adams" , 0);
player* brett = new player("Brett Booth" , 2);
player* cecil = new player("Cecil Cinder" , 1);
// create team
team the_dragons("The Dragons");
// assign players to teams, set Brett as the captainthe_dragons.add_player(alice , 0);
the_dragons.add_player(brett , 1);
the_dragons.add_player(cecil , 0);
// play five turns
for (int i = 0 ; i<5 ; i++)
the_dragons.play_turn();
// display total result cout << the_dragons.get_name() << " scored " << the_dragons.get_score() << endl;
// destroy the players!
delete alice, brett, cecil;
cout << endl;
}
// Play a sample game
void test_case_3(){
cout << "********** Test Case 3 **********" << endl; // step 1 create players
// this time I'll use a loop to make it easier. We'll make 20 players.
// to make things easier we'll assign them all the same ability level
player* player_list[20];
for (int i = 0 ; i<20 ; i++)
player_list[i] = new player("Generic Name" , 2);
// step 2 create teams
team the_dragons("The Dragons");
team the_knights("The Knights"); // step 3 pick teams (the draft)
the_dragons.add_player(player_list[0] , 1); // team 1 gets a captain
for (int i = 1 ; i < 10 ; i++)
the_dragons.add_player(player_list[i],0); // team 1 gets nine normal players
the_knights.add_player(player_list[10] , 1); // team 2 gets a captain
for (int i = 11 ; i < 20 ; i++)
the_knights.add_player(player_list[i],0); // team 2 gets nine normal players
// step 4 - play the game! 5 rounds:
for (int i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i++){
the_dragons.play_turn();
the_knights.play_turn();
} // step 5 - pick the winner
if (the_dragons.get_score() > the_knights.get_score() )
cout << the_dragons.get_name() << " win!" << endl;
else if (the_knights.get_score() > the_dragons.get_score() )
cout << the_knights.get_name() << " win!" << endl;
else
cout << "its a tie!" << endl;
cout << endl; File: player.cpp
#ifndef _PLAYER_
#define _PLAYER_
class player{
private:
public:
};
#endif
File: team.cpp
#ifndef _TEAM_
#define _TEAM_
#include "player.cpp"
class team{
private:
public:
};
#endif
}
The use of a C++ to code a simple game outlined is given based on the code below. The one below serves as a continuation of the code above.
What is the C++ programIn terms of File: player.cpp
cpp
#ifndef _PLAYER_
#define _PLAYER_
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
class Player {
private:
std::string name;
int abilityLevel;
int playerStatus;
int score;
public:
Player(const std::string& playerName) {
name = playerName;
abilityLevel = 0;
playerStatus = 0;
score = 0;
}
void resetScore() {
score = 0;
}
void setAbility(int level) {
if (level >= 0 && level <= 2) {
abilityLevel = level;
}
}
void playTurn() {
int minScore, maxScore;
if (abilityLevel == 0) {
minScore = 0;
maxScore = 3;
} else if (abilityLevel == 1) {
minScore = 2;
maxScore = 5;
} else {
minScore = 4;
maxScore = 7;
}
score += minScore + (rand() % (maxScore - minScore + 1));
}
int getScore() const {
return score;
}
void display() const {
std::cout << "Player: " << name << ", Score: " << score << std::endl;
}
};
#endif
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Create a Ticket class. The design is up to you. Write the necessary methods. Part II Create a MovieTicket class that inherits from Ticket class. The design is up to you. Write the necessary methods. Part III Create a Theater class. The design is up to you. Write the necessary methods, Part IV Implement a method that returns the total price of the MovieTickets in the Theater. Part V Implement a method that removes all MovieTickets that the date is expired. You can use int or String objects to represent the date.
In the Ticket class, a variable is created to store the price of the ticket. A constructor is created to set the price of the ticket. A method is created to return the price of the ticket.
The Movie Ticket class is created as a subclass of the Ticket class using the extends keyword. A variable is created to store the date of the ticket. A constructor is created to set both the price and date of the ticket. A method is created to return the date of the ticket .Part III: Theater Class creation Here is the main answer to create a Theater class: import java.
The Theater class is created to keep track of a list of movie tickets. An Array List is created to store the movie tickets. A method is created to add a movie ticket to the list. A method is created to get the total price of all the movie tickets in the list. A method is created to remove all the expired movie tickets from the list using a String object to represent the date
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what is the output of the following code is z is -1? x = 0 y = 5 z = -1 while x if x == z: print('x == z') break x += 1 else: print('x == y')
The output of the given code, when z is -1, will be "x == y."
The code snippet provided initializes three variables: x = 0, y = 5, and z = -1. It then enters a while loop with the condition "x if x == z." In each iteration of the loop, the code checks if x is equal to z. If the condition is true, it prints "x == z" and breaks out of the loop. However, if the condition is false, the code increments the value of x by 1 and continues to the next iteration.
In the case where z is -1, the loop condition "x if x == z" will never be true because the initial value of x is 0 and z is -1. Therefore, the code will not print "x == z" or break out of the loop. After the loop finishes executing, the code reaches the "else" block and prints "x == y" because the condition x == z was never satisfied.
In summary, since x is never equal to z during the execution of the loop, the output of the given code, when z is -1, will be "x == y."
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Using the provided code and assuming the linked list already bas the data "Abe", "efG", "HU", "KLm", "boP", the following code snippet"s purpose is to replace all "target" Strings with anather String (the parameter "rValue"). Does this method work as described and if so, if we assume the value "Abe" is given as the target, then what is the resalting linked list values? If the method does not work as described, then detail all syntax, run-time, and logic errors and how they may be fixed. (topts) poblic void replacenl1(string target, string rvalue) 10. Using the provided code and assuming the linked list alrady has the data "Abe", "efG", "HU", "2Lm", "hol", the following code snippet's purpose is to remere the first five elements of tho linked list. Does this mothod work as described and if so, what is the resulting linked list values? If the method does not woek as described, then detail all syntax, run-time, and logic errors and bow sthey may be fived. (10pss) piallie vold removefirsts() y For Questions 07−10 you may assume the following String linked list code is provided. public class 5tringlt. 1 public class Listhode र private String data; private Listliode link; public Listiode(String aData, Listhode aLirk) ई data - abataz link - alink; ) ] private Listiode head;
Using the provided code and assuming the linked list already has the data "Abe", "efG", "HU", "KLm", "boP", the purpose of the following code snippet is to replace all "target" Strings with another String (the parameter "rValue").Does this method work as described?The method does not work as described. There are a few syntax and runtime errors in the method that prevent it from replacing all "target" Strings with another String. This is the original code snippet:public void replacenl1(string target, string rvalue) { ListNode node = head; while (node != null) { if (node.getData() == target) { node.setData(rvalue); } node = node.getLink(); } } Here are the syntax and runtime errors and how they may be fixed:Syntax errors:1.
The method name is misspelled. It should be "replaceln1" instead of "replacenl1".2. The data type "ListNode" is not defined. It should be replaced with "Listhode".3. The method "getData()" is not defined. It should be replaced with "getData()".4. The method "getLink()" is not defined. It should be replaced with "link".5. The comparison operator "==" is used instead of ".equals()".Runtime errors:1. The method does not check if the parameter "target" is null. If it is null, then the method will throw a "NullPointerException" when it tries to call the ".equals()" method.2
. The method does not handle the case where the parameter "rvalue" is null. If it is null, then the method will throw a "NullPointerException" when it tries to call the "setData()" method. Here is the corrected code snippet:public void replaceln1(String target, String rvalue) { Listhode node = head; while (node != null) { if (node.data.equals(target)) { node.data = rvalue; } node = node.link; } }If we assume the value "Abe" is given as the target, then the resulting linked linked list.Does this method work as described?The method does work as described. This is the original code snippet:public void removefirsts() { Listhode node = head; int count = 0; while (node != null && count < 5) { node = node.link; count++; } head = node; }The resulting linked list values after the method is called are: "hol".
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The provided code is given below :void ReplaceNl1(string target, string rvalue) { List Node node; if (head != null) { if (head. Data == target) head. Data = rvalue; node = head. Link; while (node != null) { if (node. Data == target) node.
Data = rvalue; node = node.Link; } } }This method is used to replace all target Strings with another string (the parameter rValue). Yes, this method works as described.If we assume that the value "Abe" is given as the target, then the resulting linked list values are as follows: "Abe", "efG", "HU", "KLm", "boP" -> "abe", "efG", "HU", "KLm", "boP".The RemoveFirsts method is given below.public void RemoveFirsts() { ListNode node; node = head; while (node.Link != null) node = node.Link; node = null; } This method is used to remove the first five elements of the linked list. This method does not work as described.
There are some errors in this method, which are as follows:1) Syntax Error: The variable type is not specified.2) Logical Error: The first five elements of the linked list are not being removed.Only the last node is being removed. So, this method needs to be fixed in order to work as described. The updated method is given below.public void RemoveFirsts() { ListNode node; if (head != null) { node = head; for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { node = node.Link; if (node == null) return; } head = node; } }The resulting linked list values are as follows: "hol".
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Java please... Write a program that reads an int N from the user, then computes (1+1.0/N) N
and prints out the result. (Use Math.pow( x,N) to calculate (x N
.). Run your program with larger and larger values of N and note what happens. **Add a comment in your code that describes your observations. Hint: the limiting result is a special math constant.
The solution to the program that reads an int N from the user, then computes (1+1.0/N) N and prints out the result in Java is given below.
pow function in Java to compute (x N.). It accepts an integer from the user, N.1) Create a scanner object and import java.util.Scanner2) Read an integer N from the user using scan. next Int()3) Compute (1+1.0/N) N using Math. pow() function.
The Math. pow (x,y) function returns the value of x raised to the power of y.4) Store the result in a variable called res.5) Print out the result of the expression using System. out. println ()6) Add a comment in the code describing what happens as N increases, which is "As N increases, the value of (1+1/N)^N tends to Euler's Number 'e'".
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