For each of the following scenarios, identify the number of firms present, the type of product, and the appropriate market model. Select the matching entry for each dropdown box in the following table.
Scenario
Number of Firms
Type of Product
Market Model
There are hundreds of colleges and universities that serve millions of college students each year. The colleges vary by location, size, and educational quality, which allows students with diverse preferences to find schools that match their needs.
There are hundreds of high school students in need of algebra tutoring services. Dozens of companies offer tutoring services; parents view the quality of the tutoring at the different companies to be largely the same.
In a small town, there are four providers of broadband Internet access: a cable company, the phone company, and two satellite companies. The Internet access offered by all four providers is of the same speed. Almost everyone in the city already has broadband, so any potential new company would have to engage in a price war with the existing companies and would be unlikely to cover its costs for years, if ever.
The government has granted the U.S. Postal Service the exclusive right to deliver mail.

Answer:

Number of Firms - many

Type of Product - differentiated

Market Model - monopolistic competition

Number of Firms - many  

Type of Product - standardised  

Market Model - perfect competition

Number of Firms - few  

Type of Product - standardised  

Market Model - oligopoly

Number of Firms - one

Type of Product - unique

Market Model - monopoly

Explanation:

A perfect competition is characterized by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. Market prices are set by the forces of demand and supply. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms into the industry.   In the long run, firms earn zero economic profit.  If in the short run firms are earning economic profit, in the long run firms would enter into the industry. This would drive economic profit to zero.  

Also, if in the short run, firms are earning economic loss, in the long run, firms would exit the industry until economic profit falls to zero.  

A monopolistic competition is when there are many firms selling differentiated products in an industry. A monopoly has characteristics of both a monopoly and a perfect competition. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.

An example of monopolistic competition are restaurants  

A monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry. there are usually high barriers to entry of firms. the demand curve is downward sloping. it sets the price for its goods and services.

An example of a monopoly is a utility company

An Oligopoly is when there are few large firms operating in an industry. While, a monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry.

Oligopolies are characterised by:

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Clarisa, an engineering manager, wants to purchase a resort accommodation to rent to skiers. She is considering the purchase of a three-bedroom lodge in upper Montana that will cost $250,000. The property in the area is rapidly appreciating in value because people anxious to get away from urban developments are bidding up the prices. If Clarisa spends an average of $500 per month for utilities and the investment increases at a rate of 2% per month, how long would it be before she could sell the property for $100,000 more than she has in

Aggies Candle Factory has recently been awarded a new contract with a large retailor in Doylestown. Demand for the candles is 25,0000 which a larger order than the company has ever handled before. They have called a business strategy meeting to ensure success of this project.; the Operations Manager has presented two different manufacturing options for consideration by the board:
Option A is highly automated with fixed costs of $25,000 and variable costs of $.1/candle.
Option B uses hand labor with fixed costs of $10,000 and variable costs of $.5/candle.
Which option should the board select and why?

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Crich Corporation uses direct labor-hours in its predetermined overhead rate. At the beginning of the year, the estimated direct labor-hours were 21,800 hours and the total estimated manufacturing overhead was $497,040. At the end of the year, actual direct labor-hours for the year were 21,500 hours and the actual manufacturing overhead for the year was $492,040. Overhead at the end of the year was: (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

An order has been received from an overseas customer for 3700 units to be delivered this month at a special discounted price. This order would not change the total amount of the company's fixed costs. The variable selling and administrative expense would be $2.90 less per unit on this order than on normal sales. Direct labor is a variable cost in this company. Suppose there is not enough idle capacity to produce all of the units for the overseas customer and accepting the special order would require cutting back on production of 1550 units for regular customers. The minimum acceptable price per unit for the special order is closest to:

Spindler, Inc. (a U.S.-based company), imports surfboards from a supplier in Brazil and sells them in the United States. Purchases are denominated in terms of the Brazilian real (BRL). During 2020, Spindler acquires 400 surfboards at a price of BRL 1,600 per surfboard, for a total of BRL 640,000.00. Spindler will pay for the surfboards when it sells them. Relevant exchange rates are as follows:


Date U.S. Dollar per Brazilian Real (BRL)
1-Sep-20 $0.24
1-Dec-20 0.23
31-Dec-20 0.25
1-Mar-21 0.235

Required:
a. Assume that Spindler acquired the surfboards on September 1, 2020, and made payment on December 1, 2020. What is the effect of the exchange rate fluctuations on reported income in 2020?
b. Assume that Spindler acquired the surfboards on December 1, 2020, and made payment on March 1, 2021. What is the effect of the exchange rate fluctuations on reported income in 2020 and 2021?
c. Assume that Spindler acquired the surfboards on September 1, 2020, and made payment on March 1, 2021. What is the effect of the exchange rate fluctuations on reported income in 2020 and in 2021?

Hyperinflations ultimately are the result of excessive growth rates of the money supply; the underlying motive for the excessive money growth rates is frequently a government's: A. desire to increase prices throughout the economy. B. inability to conduct open-market operations. C. need to generate revenue to pay for spending. D. responsibility to increase nominal interest rates by increasing expected inflation.

If in the textile markets we know that two brands, X and Z, are substitutes. Suppose that the supply of X increases and, at the same time, the supply of the Z decreases. Other things being equal, what would be the expectations for the change in the equilibrium quantities in the two markets

The balance sheet of Sheffield Company at December 31, 2019, includes the following.
Notes receivable $51,200
Accounts receivable 195,600
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts 24,600 $222,200
Transactions in 2020 include the following.
1. Accounts receivable of $151,300 were collected including accounts of $67,500 on which 4% sales discounts were allowed.
2. $5,670 was received in payment of an account which was written off the books as worthless in 2019.
3. Customer accounts of $24,800 were written off during the year.
4. At year-end, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts was estimated to need a balance of $20,900. This estimate is based on an analysis of aged accounts receivable.
Required:
Prepare all journal entries necessary to reflect the transaction above.

The Work-in-Process inventory account of a manufacturing firm shows a balance of $3,250 at the end of an accounting period. The job cost sheets of two uncompleted jobs show charges of $510 and $310 for materials, and charges of $410 and $670 for direct labor. From this information, it appears that the company is using a predetermined overhead rate, as a percentage of direct labor costs, of:

Communicating Negative News EffectivelyAt some point, everyone will have to deliver bad news. The bad feelings associated with this type of message can be alleviated if the receiver knows the reason for the bad news, feels the news is revealed sensitively, thinks the matter is treated seriously, and believes that the decision is fair. When applying these strategies, make sure to follow the writing process and determine whether to use a direct or an indirect pattern in your message. Read the following scenario:Your company started using shipping company two months ago. During your short relationship with a new the company, you notice that it regularly inflates its shipping rates, fails to meet scheduled deliveries, and loses packages. You decide to write a letter to them ending the business relationship. 1. What are your goals when responding to the previous scenario? A. To encourage follow-up correspondence from the receiver. B. To ensure that the company knows you are angry.C. To convey fairness.D. To avoid creating legal liability for your company.E. To make the receiver understand the bad news.2. Staying calm and using polite language while offering a clear explanation of why the negative message was necessary helps the sender to:___.A. Limit legal liability.B. Be firm in their decision.C. Project a professional image.D. Avoid apologizing.

The following is a list of accounts and adjusted amounts for Rollcom, Inc., for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. The accounts have normal debit or credit balances.
Accounts Payable $39,100
Accounts Receivable 66,500
Accumulated Depreciation 21,500
Cash 80,300
Common Stock 94,800
Equipment 90,700
Income Tax Expense 10,500
Notes Payable (long-term) 1,500
Office Expenses 6,300
Rent Expense 164,200
Retained Earnings 99,900
Salaries and Wages Expense 128,700
Sales Revenue 325,600
Supplies 35,200
Prepare the closing entry required at September 30, 2018.

High Country, Inc., produces and sells many recreational products. The company has just opened a new plant to produce a folding camp cot that will be marketed throughout the United States. The following cost and revenue data relate to May, the first month of the plant’s operation: Beginning inventory 0 Units produced 47,000 Units sold 42,000 Selling price per unit $ 84 Selling and administrative expenses: Variable per unit $ 4 Fixed (per month) $ 560,000 Manufacturing costs: Direct materials cost per unit $ 17 Direct labor cost per unit $ 7 Variable manufacturing overhead cost per unit $ 3 Fixed manufacturing overhead cost (per month) $ 893,000
Management is anxious to assess the profitability of the new camp cot during the month of May.
Required:
1. Assume that the company uses absorption costing.
a. Calculate the unit product cost.
b. Prepare an income statement for May.
2. Assume that the company uses variable costing.
a. Calculate the unit product cost.
b. Prepare a contribution format income statement for May.

Suppose the Eastwestern University theater department has received $250,000 from the school's endowment fund to put toward scholarships to improve the department and assist theater students entering the program.
Professor Bucktell proposes that they should hold auditions and give $60,000 scholarships to the five most talented applicants in hopes of bringing the best and most promising talent to the school
Professor Rammer thinks that they should divide the money up into $10,000 scholarships to be given to the 25 applicants to the program with the most financial need, regardless of talent.
Professor Buckteil's proposal is an example of economic_________
Professor Rammer's proposal is an example of economic ________

Part U16 is used by Mcvean Corporation to make one of its products. A total of 16,500 units of this part are produced and used every year. The company's Accounting Department reports the following costs of producing the part at this level of activity: Per Unit Direct materials $ 3.60 Direct labor $ 8.20 Variable manufacturing overhead $ 8.70 Supervisor's salary $ 4.10 Depreciation of special equipment $ 2.50 Allocated general overhead $ 7.70 An outside supplier has offered to make the part and sell it to the company for $27.50 each. If this offer is accepted, the supervisor's salary and all of the variable costs, including the direct labor, can be avoided. The special equipment used to make the part was purchased many years ago and has no salvage value or other use. The allocated general overhead represents fixed costs of the entire company, none of which would be avoided if the part were purchased instead of produced internally. In addition, the space used to make part U16 could be used to make more of one of the company's other products, generating an additional segment margin of $28,500 per year for that product. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of buying part U16 from the outside supplier should be:

CDF Inc. is contemplating the acquisition of Pogo Company. The values of the two companies as separate entities are $20 million and $10 million, respectively. CDF estimates that by combining the two companies, it will reduce marketing and administrative costs by $500,000 per year in perpetuity. CDF can either pay $14 million cash for Pogo or offer Pogo a 55% holding in CDF. If the opportunity cost of capital is 10%,a. What is the gain from merger? b. What is the cost of the cash offer? c. What is the cost of the sock alternative? d. What is the NPV of the acquisition under the cash offer? e. What is the NPV under the stock offer?

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Kingston Company, which needs 10,000 units of a certain part to be used in its production cycle, can make or buy the part. If Kingston buys the part from Utica Company, Kingston could not use the released facilities in another manufacturing activity within the coming year. 60% of the fixed overhead applied will continue regardless of which decision option is chosen. The following per-unit cost information to make the part by Kingston is available: Direct materials $ 37 Direct labor 148 Variable overhead 74 Fixed overhead applied 93 $ 352 Cost to buy the part from Utica Company $ 85 In deciding whether to make or buy the part, Kingston's total relevant cost to make the part would be:

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Prepare a statement of owner's equity for the year ended December 31, 20Y3. Use the minus sign to indicate negative values.

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Which of the following is the type of notice provided by recording?
Select one:
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Album Co. issued 10-year $200,000 debenture bonds on January 2. The bonds pay interest semiannually. Album uses the effective interest method to amortize bond premiums and discounts. The carrying value of the bonds on January 2 was $185,953. A journal entry was recorded for the first interest payment on June 30, debiting interest expense for $13,016 and crediting cash for $12,000. What is the annual stated interest rate for the debenture bonds

The manager of the main laboratory facility at Center is interested in being able to predict the overhead costs each month for the lab. The manager believes that total overhead varies with the number of lab tests performed but that some costs remain the same each month regardless of the number of lab tests performed. The lab manager collected the following data for the first seven months of the year. Number of Lab Total Laboratory Tests Performed Overhead CostsMonth January 2,700 $22,900February 2,500 $23,500March 3,500 $29,800 April 4,000 $32,500May 4,600 $31,100 June 2,250 $22,000 July 2,000 $19,100 1. Use the high-low method to determine the laboratory's cost equation for total laboratory overhead. Use your results to predict total laboratory overhead if 3,200 lab tests are performed next month.2. Use the high-low method to determine UrbanFit's operating cost equation.

1. Cash balance per bank, July 31, $7,308.
2. July bank service charge not recorded by the depositor $42.
3. Cash balance per books, July 31, $7,392.
4. Deposits in transit, July 31, $2,982.
5. $1,680 collected for Cullumber Company in July by the bank through electronic funds transfer. The accounts receivable collection has not been recorded by Cullumber Company.
6. Outstanding checks, July 31, $1,260.
(a) Prepare a bank reconciliation at July 31, 2010
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Quantity of Flower A Total Utility Marginal Utility Quantity of Flower B Total Utility Marginal Utility 1 16 16 1 30 30 2 30 14 2 46 16 3 42 12 3 61 15 4 52 10 4 75 14 5 60 8 5 88 13 6 66 6 6 100 12 7 70 4 7 111 11 Your mother needs help deciding how many of two kinds of flowers to purchase for a bouquet she is making. She wants to purchase two kinds of flowers: Flower A and Flower B. If the price of Flower A is $2 and the price of Flower B is $3, how many of Flower A should your mother purchase for her bouquet to maximize her utility if she can spend at most $17 on flowers