The molecule must possess dipolar bonds, exhibit suitable vibrational frequencies, and be in a form that can be analyzed using IR spectroscopy in order to be studied in an IR spectrum.
To study a molecule in an infrared (IR) spectrum, several criteria need to be considered. Firstly, the molecule should have a dipole moment, meaning it must have a separation of positive and negative charges within the molecule.
This is because IR spectroscopy primarily detects vibrations of covalent bonds, which are associated with changes in dipole moment.Additionally, the molecule should have covalent bonds that can undergo vibrational modes within the range of the instrument. IR spectroscopy typically covers the frequency range of 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹, which corresponds to the energies of molecular vibrations.
The molecule should also be able to be vaporized or dissolved in a suitable solvent to generate a homogeneous sample for analysis. Gaseous or liquid samples are commonly used in IR spectroscopy.
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how may liters are in 0.8291moles of hexane (c6h14)?
In 0.8291 moles of hexane ([tex]C_6H_1_4[/tex]) there are 20.8 liters in 0.8291 moles of hexane at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
To determine the number of liters in 0.8291 moles of hexane (C6H14), we need to use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
where:
P = pressure (atm)
V = volume (L)
n = moles of gas
R = gas constant (0.0821 L*atm/mol*K)
T = temperature (K)
We need to rearrange this equation to solve for V:
V = nRT/P
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of hexane:
n = mass/molar mass
The molar mass of hexane (C6H14) is:
6(12.01 g/mol) + 14(1.01 g/mol) = 86.18 g/mol
n = 0.8291 moles
Next, we need to convert the temperature to Kelvin. Assuming room temperature (25°C or 298 K):
T = 298 K
Finally, we need to assume a pressure value. Let's assume atmospheric pressure (1 atm).
P = 1 atm
Now we can plug in the values and solve for V:
V = (0.8291 mol)(0.0821 L*atm/mol*K)(298 K)/(1 atm)
V = 20.8 L
Therefore, there are 20.8 liters in 0.8291 moles of hexane at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
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Of the following, which atom has the smallest atomic radius:
Sb
As
Rb
Ba
OK
Answer:
Rubidium (Rb)
Explanation:
Sb: 206pm
As: 185pm
Rb: 303pm
Ba: 268pm
Draw out the skeletal structure of cis-2-methylcyclohexano
The chemical structure of the compound is shown in the image attached.
How do you draw a chemical structure?Ascertain the molecule's atomic composition and the types of bonds (covalent, ionic, etc.) that each atom forms.
The skeletal structure, which is a straightforward illustration of the molecule's framework, should be drawn first. To do this, a series of lines are drawn to symbolize the atoms' bonds.
By positioning the atoms at the ends of the bond lines, you may complete the skeleton framework.
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Find the concentration of the missing substance
11) A + B = C
K=20,
IAl=2,
[B=5
[C] =
12) A(s) + B(ag) = C(g)
K = 10
B=
11. The concentration of C is 200
12. The concentration of B is 0.4
How do i determine the equilibrium concentrations?Equilibrium constant, K is defined as follow:
nReactant ⇌ mProduct
Equilibrium constant, K = [Product]ᵐ / [Reactant]ⁿ
With the above formula, we can obtain the equilibrium concentration of the missing substance as follow:
11. For concentration of C
A + B ⇌ CEquilibrium constant (K) = 20Concentration of A, [A] = 2Concentration of B, [B] = 5Concentration of C, [C] =?K = [C] / [A][B]
20 = [C] / (2 × 5)
20 = [C] / 10
Cross multiply
[C] = 20 × 10
Concentration of C, [C] = 200
12. For concentration of B
A(s) + B(aq) ⇌ C(g)Equilibrium constant (K) = 10Concentration of C, [C] = 4Concentration of B, [B] = ?K = [C] / [B]
10 = 4/ [B]
Cross multiply
10 × [B] = 4
Divide both sides by 10
[B] = 4 / 10
Concentration of B, [B] = 0.4
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Complete question:
Find the concentration of the missing substance
11) A + B = C
K = 20
[A] = 2
[B] = 5
[C] =?
12) A(s) + B(ag) = C(g)
K = 10
[C] = 4
[B] = ?
How many moles of water are represented by 7.43 x 1018 molecules of water
Answer:
approx 7.41 sextillion
Explanation:
One mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10^23 particles (Avogadro's Number). Therefore, 1 mole of water contains 6.022 x 10^23 water molecules.
To find how many moles are represented by 7.43 x 10^18 molecules of water, we can divide 7.43 x 10^18 by Avogadro's Number:
7.43 x 10^18 / 6.022 x 10^23 = 0.0123 moles of water
Now, we can use this to find the number of water molecules:
0.0123 moles x 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mole = 7.41 x 10^21 molecules of water
Therefore, 7.43 x 10^18 molecules of water represent 7.41 x 10^21 molecules or approximately 7.41 sextillion (7,410,000,000,000,000,000) molecules of water.
Name a liquid substance that could be used in the laboratory for: dissolving dry mortar on floor tiles; (i) removing KMnO, stains; drying acid anhydrides
Explanation:
For dissolving dry mortar on floor tiles, you can use concrete and mortar dissolver. You can find this product at your local hardware store or online12.
For removing KMnO stains, you can use vinegar. Mix vinegar with water and spray or pour it on the tile surface. Let the vinegar water set in for a few minutes, then sponge the entire area to get it as clean as possible. Next, use a razor blade or scraper to peel up the mortar. Be careful not to gouge or scratch the tiles3.
KMnO is potassium permanganate. it makes water drinkable if it's polluted
For drying acid anhydrides, you can use calcium chloride. Calcium chloride is a hygroscopic substance that absorbs moisture from the air and can be used as a desiccant.
desiccants keeps things dry so they last longer like food & clothes
bingAI
If a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid is electrolysed, what gas will be produced at the anode? Answer in words not symbols.
If a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is electrolyzed, the gas produced at the anode (positive electrode) will be chlorine gas (Cl₂). When a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is electrolyzed, it undergoes a process called electrolysis.
In the case of hydrochloric acid, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The positive hydrogen ions (H+) are attracted to the cathode (negative electrode) and are involved in the reduction reaction. At the cathode, hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced as a result of the reduction of H+ ions. At the anode (positive electrode), the chloride ions (Cl-) are attracted. Here, the chloride ions undergo oxidation, losing electrons and forming chlorine gas (Cl₂). The chlorine gas is released as a product of the reaction at the anode.
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Which is one way that spring tides are different from regular tides?
Answer:
high tides are a little higher and low tides are a little lower than average
Explanation:
A spring tide is the highest tide (when the greatest difference between the high and low tides). This happens during the new and full moon.
Answer: It's worth noting that low tides can sometimes be lower than usual, which is referred to as spring tides. Despite its name, this phenomenon isn't related to spring and has a different historical origin.
A chemical equation is given
below. How would you classify
this reaction?
Na₂CO3 → Na₂O + CO₂
A.single replacement
B. Synthesis
C. Combustion
D. Decomposition
Copper has a specific heat capacity of 0,385 J/g °C. A 105g sample is exposed to 15.2 kJ in an
insulated container. How many degrees will the temperature of the copper sample increase?
Answer:
12 degrees
Explanation:
A sample of neon gas at 50c and a volume of 2.5 liters is cooled to 25c. What is the new volume
Answer: 2.31 L
Explanation:
charles law v2= V1 x T2/T1
temperature must be in Kelvin
V2=2.5 X 298.15 / 323.15 =2.31 L
write and equation for ache of each antacid with hydrochloric acid
magnesium hydroxide
calcium carbonate
aluminum hydroxide
Need help answering this question in the picture
The concept molarity is an important method which is used to calculate the concentration of a solution. It is mainly employed to find out the concentration of a binary solution. Here the molarity is 0.67 M. The correct option is D.
The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of the solute dissolved per liter of the solution. It is represented by the letter 'M' and it is expressed in the unit mol / L.
Molarity = Number of moles of solute / Volume of solution in liters
M = 0.500 / 0.75 = 0.66 mol / L ≈ 0.67 M
Thus the correct option is D.
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Burning Dorito chips releases 12,357 J of thermal energy. Assuming all the heat is absorbed by a 234.2g sample of water with initial temp of 22C, what would be the temperature of the water
Answer:
22°C + 14.82°C = 36.82°C
Explanation:
We can use the formula:
q = mCΔT
where q is the heat absorbed by the water, m is the mass of the water, C is the specific heat of water, and ΔT is the temperature change of the water.
We are given q = 12,357 J, m = 234.2 g, and an initial temperature of 22C. The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/(g·°C).
Plugging in the numbers, we get:
12,357 J = (234.2 g)(4.184 J/(g·°C))(ΔT)
Solving for ΔT, we get:
ΔT = 14.82°C
Therefore, the final temperature of the water would be:
22°C + 14.82°C = 36.82°C
Im confused as to how to know whether a element is a atom or Ion
The element with atom or ion can be filled as
B neutral atom 5 proton 5 electron
[tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex] cation 12 proton 10 electron
[tex]Ge^-[/tex] anion 32 proton 33 electron
Because they have an equal amount of protons and electrons, atoms are neutral particles. Ions are electrically charged particles that may be created by either taking electrons away from neutral atoms to form positive ions or adding electrons to neutral atoms to produce negative ions. The quantity of protons remains constant during the formation of an ion. By taking out one or more electrons, neutral atoms can be transformed into positively charged ions.
B neutral atom 5 proton 5 electron
[tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex] cation 12 proton 10 electron
[tex]Ge^-[/tex] anion 32 proton 33 electron
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on and
1 of 1
What is the final volume in milliliters when 0.694 L of a 36.2 % (m/v) solution is diluted to
20.3 % (m/v)?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
The final volume when 0.694 L of a 36.2% (m/v) solution is diluted to 20.3% (m/v) is approximately 1236 mL.
To calculate the final volume in milliliters when a solution is diluted, we can use the formula:
(V1)(C1) = (V2)(C2),
where V1 is the initial volume, C1 is the initial concentration, V2 is the final volume, and C2 is the final concentration.
In this case, we have:
V1 = 0.694 L (initial volume)
C1 = 36.2% (m/v) (initial concentration)
C2 = 20.3% (m/v) (final concentration)
We need to solve for V2, the final volume.
Using the formula, we can rearrange it to solve for V2:
V2 = (V1)(C1) / C2
Substituting the given values:
V2 = (0.694 L)(36.2% (m/v)) / 20.3% (m/v)
Calculating this expression, we find:
V2 = (0.694 L)(0.362) / 0.203
V2 = 1.23628 L
Since the question asks for the final volume in milliliters, we convert the result to milliliters by multiplying by 1000:
V2 = 1.23628 L × 1000 mL/L
V2 ≈ 1236 mL
Therefore, the final volume when 0.694 L of a 36.2% (m/v) solution is diluted to 20.3% (m/v) is approximately 1236 mL.
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4. Show your calculation for the concentration (mg/mL) of ascorbic acid in the initial vitamin C tablet/capsule solution
that you prepared?
Use the following formula to obtain the ascorbic acid content in milligrams of a vitamin C tablet:
Mass of ascorbic acid (mg) = Volume of NaOH (mL) x Concentration of NaOH (mol/L) x Molar mass of ascorbic acid (g/mol) x 1000 / 1
We must first determine the molar mass of ascorbic acid:
Molar mass of ascorbic acid = (6 x atomic mass of carbon) + (8 x atomic mass of hydrogen) + (6 x atomic mass of oxygen)
= (6 x 12.01) + (8 x 1.01) + (6 x 16.00)
= 176.12 g/mol
Now we can substitute the values in the formula into:
Mass of ascorbic acid (mg) = 20.74 mL x 0.201 mol/L x 176.12 g/mol x 1000 / 1
= 739.1 mg
Therefore, the amount of ascorbic acid in the Vitamin C tablet is 739.1 mg.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
A vitamin C (ascorbic acid) tablet was dissolved in approximately 50 mL of distilled water and titrated with the standardized NaOH solution. From the results of this titration, the mg of ascorbic acid in the tablet was calculated. Molecular formula of ascorbic acid: C6H8O6 Volume of NaOH required to neutralize ascorbic acid in Vitamin C tablet (mL) 20.74 Concentration of NaOH in mol/L, 0.201 Calculate the amount of ascorbic acid in the Vitamin C tablet in (mg).
Conclusion
Discuss accuracy and precision of your experiment by comparing your value of the heat of reaction
to the textbook/table value. As part of your accuracy discussion, calculate the percent error. What
sources of error could account for your percent error? Be very specific and mention at least three.
For each error, tell if it would cause the heat of each specific reaction to he too high or too low
[Mg HCI, MgO+ HCI), Next, tell how each error would affect the heat of the overall reaction.
Use the errors in the conclusions section of the previous experiment as a guide to the errors that
should be discussed.
The degree of proximity between a measured value and the actual value can be defined as Accuracy.
Precision is one that is used to know the level of uniformity present in a group of measurements that are repeated multiple times.
The Possible sources of error in the above experiment can be :
Instrumental errorsProcedural errorsEnvironmental errorsWhat is the errors about?By conducting an experiment and comparing the outcome of the heat of reaction with the accepted value presented in a textbook or table, it is possible to compute the percentage of deviation. The percentage deviation can either be positive or negative and represents whether the experimentally obtained value is higher or lower than the accepted value, respectively.
Each mistake has the potential to result in an excessive or inadequate level of heat for the individual reaction. The Insufficient execution of the procedure can impact the individual reaction's thermal energy.
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Distinguish between the order and the molecularity of a reaction
The order of a reaction is determined experimentally and describes the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the concentration of reactants, whereas the molecularity of a reaction is a theoretical concept that describes the number of molecules that participate in the rate-determining step of a reaction.
The order of a reaction is the mathematical representation of the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the concentration of reactants. It describes how the rate of a reaction changes with respect to the change in concentration of reactants.
The order of a reaction is determined experimentally by observing how the rate of a reaction changes as the concentration of reactants is varied while keeping the concentration of other reactants and conditions constant. The order of a reaction can be 0, 1, 2, or even a fraction.
The molecularity of a reaction is the number of reactant molecules that collide in a single step to form the product. The molecularity of a reaction can be unimolecular (1), bimolecular (2), or termolecular (3). It is important to note that not all reactions have a molecularity, as some reactions have multiple steps and multiple reactants involved.
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Gene copies that are different versions of a trait are called
Gene copies that are different versions of a trait are called alleles. Understanding alleles and their inheritance patterns is crucial in genetics and is the foundation of the principles of Mendelian inheritance.
An allele is a specific form of a gene that is responsible for a particular trait or characteristic. For example, the gene for eye color may have different alleles such as brown, blue, green, or gray. Each allele controls the expression of the eye color trait differently, resulting in different eye colors in individuals.
Alleles can be dominant or recessive, with dominant alleles expressing their trait even if only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express the trait. In addition, individuals can have different combinations of alleles, which can result in variations in traits within a population.
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A 3.43 mol sample of helium is in a 27.17 L container. What is the
pressure of this gas in atmospheres at 219 °C?
A) 2.21 atm
B) 5.10 atm
C) 6.50 atm
D) 7.92 atm
:Response: 2.21 atm The ideal gas law says that the pressure of a gas is equal to the quantity of the gas times the universal gas constant (R) times the temperature (T) times the volume (V) divided by the number of moles in the gas.
Consequently, we may apply the following equation to this issue: P = (n*R*T)/V. We may get the pressure of the gas in atmospheres by using the following formula, where n is the number of moles, V is the volume, T is the temperature, and R is the universal gas constant.
P is equal to 2.21 atm or (3.43 mol*0.0821 L*atm/mol*K*492.15 K)/27.17 L. As a result, choice A) 2.21 atm is the right one.
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how many calories are in a snack with 175 kj of energy
Answer:
41826.05 Calories
Explanation:
1 J = 0.239006 Calories
175 KJ
= 175 x 1000 J
= 175000 J
175000 J to Calories
= 175000 x 0.239006
= 41826.05 Calories
Answer: 41.8
Explanation:
Acellus verified ✅
PLEASE HELP!!!
2C₂H6 (g) + 702 (g) —> 4CO2 (g) + 6H₂O(g)
If 10.0 liters of ethane gas are used, how many liters of oxygen gas will be
needed for the above reaction at STP?
A: 35.0 liters
B: 2.85 liters
C: 70.0 liters
D: 1.4 liters
The volume (in liters) of oxygen gas, O₂ that will be needed for the above reaction at STP is 35 liters (option A)
How do i determine the volume of oxygen gas needed?The volume of oxygen gas needed for the reaction can be obtain as shown below:
Balanced equation:
2C₂H₆(g) + 7O₂(g) —> 4CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(g)
From the question given above, we were told that the reaction occur at standard temperature and pressure, STP. Thus we can obtain the volume of oxygen needed as follow::
2 liters of C₂H₂ reacted with 7 liters of O₂
Therefore
10 liters of C₂H₂ will react = (10 liters × 7 liters) / 2 liters = 35 liters of O₂
Thus, we can conclude that the volume of oxygen gas needed for the reaction is 35 liters (option A)
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A compound is found to be 30.45% N and 69.55 % O by mass. If 1.63 g of this compound occupies 389 mL at 0.00° C and 775 mmHg, what is the molecular formula of the compound?
The molecular formula mass ratio is approximately 1.48, the molecular formula of the compound is approximately N₁O₂.
To determine the molecular formula of the compound, we need to follow a series of steps. First, we calculate the moles of nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) in the given mass percentage composition.
Assuming we have 100 g of the compound, we would have:
30.45 g of N
69.55 g of O
Next, we calculate the number of moles of each element using their respective molar masses:
Moles of N = 30.45 g / 14.01 g/mol ≈ 2.18 mol
Moles of O = 69.55 g / 16.00 g/mol ≈ 4.35 mol
We then divide the number of moles by the smallest number of moles (in this case, N) to obtain a simple ratio:
N ≈ 2.18 mol / 2.18 mol = 1
O ≈ 4.35 mol / 2.18 mol ≈ 2
This gives us the empirical formula, which is N₁O₂.
Finally, to determine the molecular formula, we need to find the ratio of the empirical formula's molar mass to the experimental molar mass provided. We calculate:
Empirical formula mass of N₁O₂ = 14.01 g/mol + (2 × 16.00 g/mol) = 46.01 g/mol
Experimental molar mass = 1.63 g / (389 mL × 0.00°C / 22.4 L/mol × 0.775) = 68.34 g/mol
Dividing the experimental molar mass by the empirical formula mass:
Molecular formula mass ratio = 68.34 g/mol / 46.01 g/mol ≈ 1.48
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2)
If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 121.6 mmHg, a volume of
45L, and a temperature of 87 °C, how many moles of gas do I have?
If one has an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 121.6 mmHg, a volume of 45 L, and a temperature of 87 °C, then that person has approximately 1.93 moles of gas.
To find the number of moles of gas
PV = nRT
where: P = pressure V = volume, n = number of moles R = the gas constant T = temperature.
One needs to rearrange this equation to solve for n:
n = PV/RT
where R is the gas constant, which has a value of 0.08206 L•atm/mol•K.
121.6 mmHg = 0.160 atm
87 °C = 360 K
n = (0.160 atm)(45 L) / (0.08206 L•atm/mol•K)(360 K)
n = 1.93 mol
Therefore, one has approximately 1.93 moles of gas.
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What volume of O2 at 760. mmHg and 27 ∘C is required to synthesize 11.0 mol of NO?
To determine the volume of O2 required to synthesize 11.0 mol of NO, we need to use the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = Pressure (in this case, 760. mmHg)
V = Volume
n = Number of moles (11.0 mol of NO)
R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))
T = Temperature (27 ∘C = 27 + 273 = 300 K)
Rearranging the equation to solve for V:
V = (nRT) / P
Substituting the given values:
V = (11.0 mol) * (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) * (300 K) / (760. mmHg)
Note that we need to convert the pressure from mmHg to atm:
1 atm = 760 mmHg
V = (11.0 mol) * (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) * (300 K) / (760/760)
Simplifying the equation:
V = 3.44 L
Therefore, the volume of O2 required to synthesize 11.0 mol of NO at 760. mmHg and 27 ∘C is 3.44 L.
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Mole questions Chemistry Copper is a product of the reaction that occurs when dry ammonia is passed over a sample of heated copper (II) oxide. The equation for the reaction is given below: 1. 2NH3 + 3CuO → 3Cu + 3H₂O + N₂. Calculate the mass of copper produced if 0.12 dm³ of nitrogen is produced a room temperature and pressure rtp), [Relative atomic mass of Cu = 64; One mole of gas occupies 24dm³ at rtp.] (4 marks)
The mass of copper produced is 0.48 g.
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of NH3 produce 1 mole of N2. Therefore, the number of moles of N2 produced from 0.12 dm³ (120 cm³) of N2 gas at RTP can be calculated as:
n(N2) = (volume of gas at RTP) / (molar volume at RTP)
n(N2) = (120 cm³) / (24 dm³/mol)
n(N2) = 0.005 mol
According to the balanced equation, 3 moles of Cu is produced for every 2 moles of NH3. Therefore, the number of moles of Cu produced can be calculated as:
n(Cu) = (3/2) * n(N2)
n(Cu) = (3/2) * 0.005 mol
n(Cu) = 0.0075 mol
The molar mass of Cu is 64 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of copper produced can be calculated as:
mass(Cu) = n(Cu) * M(Cu)
mass(Cu) = 0.0075 mol * 64 g/mol
mass(Cu) = 0.48 g
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under what circumstances do you think credit cards should NOT be used ?
It's never a good idea to use your credit card when experiencing strong emotions, especially if you tend to steer toward 'retail therapy.
The VSEPR Theory is used to
A). Predict Molecular Structure
B). Predict Crystal Structures
C). Predict Lewis Structures
D). Determine the partial charge o on each atom
Answer:
Explanation:
VSEPr Gives you the structures of molecules
A
How much solute is needed to make a 50.0mL of a 0.100 M solution of each reactant when using copper (ll) sulfate + sodium Hydroxide
We need 0.798 g of copper (ll) sulfate and 0.400 g of sodium hydroxide to make a 50.0 mL of a 0.100 M solution of each reactant.
To determine the amount of solute needed to make a 50.0 mL of a 0.100 M solution of each reactant when using copper (ll) sulfate and sodium hydroxide, we need to use the formula:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute ÷ volume of solution (in liters)
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of solute needed. Since the molar ratio of copper (ll) sulfate to sodium hydroxide is 1:2, we will need twice as many moles of sodium hydroxide as copper (ll) sulfate.
Let's start with copper (ll) sulfate:
Molarity (CuSO4) = 0.100 M
Volume (V) = 50.0 mL = 0.0500 L
Using the formula, we can rearrange it to solve for moles of solute:
moles of CuSO4 = Molarity × Volume
moles of CuSO4 = 0.100 M × 0.0500 L
moles of CuSO4 = 0.00500 mol
Next, we can calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide needed:
moles of NaOH = 2 × moles of CuSO4
moles of NaOH = 2 × 0.00500 mol
moles of NaOH = 0.0100 mol
Now that we know the number of moles of each solute needed, we can calculate the mass of each solute needed using their respective molar masses:
mass of CuSO4 = moles of CuSO4 × molar mass of CuSO4
mass of CuSO4 = 0.00500 mol × 159.61 g/mol
mass of CuSO4 = 0.798 g
mass of NaOH = moles of NaOH × molar mass of NaOH
mass of NaOH = 0.0100 mol × 40.00 g/mol
mass of NaOH = 0.400 g
Therefore, we need 0.798 g of copper (ll) sulfate and 0.400 g of sodium hydroxide to make a 50.0 mL of a 0.100 M solution of each reactant.
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