Answer:
Dr Sales Revenue $843,779
Dr Interest Revenue $12,160
Cr Income Summary $855,939
Dr Income Summary $745,754
Cr Cost of Goods Sold $531,052
Cr Administrative Expenses $177,930
Cr Income Tax Expense $36,772
Dr Income Summary $110,185
Cr Retained Earnings $110,185
Dr Retained Earnings $17,793
Cr Dividends $17,793
Explanation:
Preparation for the year-end closing entries.
Dr Sales Revenue $843,779
Dr Interest Revenue $12,160
Cr Income Summary $855,939
($843,779+$12,160)
Dr Income Summary $745,754
($531,052+$177,930+$36,772)
Cr Cost of Goods Sold $531,052
Cr Administrative Expenses $177,930
Cr Income Tax Expense $36,772
Dr Income Summary $110,185
($855,939-$745,754)
Cr Retained Earnings $110,185
Dr Retained Earnings $17,793
Cr Dividends $17,793
Companies HD and LD have the same tax rate, sales, total assets, and basic earnings power. Both companies have positive net incomes. Company HD has a higher debt ratio, and therefore a higher interest expense. Which of the following is correct?
a. Company HD has a lower equity multiplier.
b. Company HD has more net income.
c. Company HD pays more in taxes.
d. Company HD has a lower ROE.
e. Company HD has a lower times-interest-earned (TIE) ratio.
Answer:
Company HD pays less in taxes
Explanation:
In the case when the company HD and LD have the similar rate of tax, sales revenue, etc even both have favorable net incomes also the company Hd contains greater debt ratio due to which it has more interest expense so that means company hd would pay less taxes
Therefore the above represent the answer
and, this is the answer but the same is not provided in the given options
Answer:
Company HD pays less in taxes
Explanation:
US GAAP and IFRS differ on treatment of impairment of tangible assets as follows:
A. IFRS, tangible assets are tested only when factors suggest impairment.
B. US GAAP, tangible assets are tested only when factors suggest impairment.
C. Under IFRS, tangible assets are tested annually.
D. There is no difference between US GAAP and the IFRS on this subject.
Answer:
A. IFRS, tangible assets are tested only when factors suggest impairment.
Explanation:
The tested of the tangible assets would be based on some kind of changes that are change in the market value, chnage in the technology, rise or reduction in the rate of interest in the market etc
In addition to this, the intangible assets such as goodwill would be testes on annually basis
Therefore the first option is correct
Iris did not file her 2019 tax return until May 23, 2020. She is due a $530 refund. Iris's failure-to-file penalty is:
Answer: $0
Explanation:
The tax return failure-to-file penalty is only levied when a person is supposed to pay taxes with the penalty being levied on the tax amount due.
If however, it is a tax return that is due, there is no late filling penalty because a penalty will not be charged on a refund. This is also the official position of the IRS. Iris therefore will suffer no failure-to-file penalty.
Larned Corporation recorded the following transactions for the just completed month. $74,000 in raw materials were purchased on account. $72,000 in raw materials were used in production. Of this amount, $61,000 was for direct materials and the remainder was for indirect materials. Total labor wages of $115,500 were paid in cash. Of this amount, $101,700 was for direct labor and the remainder was for indirect labor. Depreciation of $195,000 was incurred on factory equipment.
Required:
Record the above transactions in journal entries.
Answer:
a. Dr Raw materials $74,000
Cr Accounts payable $74,000
b. Dr Work in process 61, 000
Dr Manufacturing overhead 11,000
Cr Raw materials $72,000
c. Dr Work in process $101,700
Dr Manufacturing overhead 13800
Cr Selling and administrative expenses $115,500
d. Dr Manufacturing overhead 195,000
Cr Accumulated depreciation 195,000
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries
a. Dr Raw materials $74,000
Cr Accounts payable $74,000
b. Dr Work in process 61, 000
Dr Manufacturing overhead 11,000
(72,000-61,000)
Cr Raw materials $72,000
c. Dr Work in process $101,700
Dr Manufacturing overhead 13800
(115,500-101,700)
Cr Selling and administrative expenses $115,500
d. Dr Manufacturing overhead 195,000
Cr Accumulated depreciation 195,000
On average, workers in Australia can produce 3 units of agriculture output or 9 units of manufacturing output per day. In Guyana, workers can produce 4 units of agriculture or 8 units of manufacturing output per day.
1. What is the opportunity cost of agricultural output in Canada? units of manufacturing output?
2. What is the opportunity cost of agricultural output in Guyana? units of manufacturing output?
Answer:
3 UNITS OF MANUFACTURING OUTPUT
2 units of manufacturing output?
Explanation:
Opportunity cost or implicit is the cost of the option forgone when one alternative is chosen over other alternatives.
the opportunity cost of agricultural output in Australia = manufacturing output per day / agricultural output
= 9/3 = 3
the opportunity cost of agricultural output in Guyana = manufacturing output per day / agricultural output
= 8/4 = 2
Cosmo Company produces its finished product in two processing departments--Assemblyand Packaging. The following information is available for the month of July:
Assembly Department:
The beginning work-in-process inventory cost was $62,744 and consisted of 4,100 units that were 40% completed as to conversion costs.
During July, an additional 16,800 units were started into production. A total of 15,600 units were completed and transferred out to the Packaging Department.
The ending work-in-process inventory consisted of 5,300 units which were 80% complete as to conversion costs.
The following costs were incurred during July: direct materials $124,320; direct labor $140,000; and factory overhead $98,420.
Direct materials are added at the beginning of the process in the Assembly Department and conversion costs are incurred evenly throughout the production process.
Packaging Department:
The beginning work in process inventory cost was $80,936 and consisted of 3 ,200 units that were 20% complete as to conversion costs.
During July, a total of 14,600 units were completed and transferred out to Finished Goods Inventory.
The ending work in process inventory consisted of 4,200 units which were 60% complete as to conversion costs.
The following costs were incurred during July: direct materials $207,320, direct labor $100,000; and factory overhead costs $ 162,032.
Direct materials are added at the end of the process in the Packaging Department and conversion costs are incurred evenly throughout the production process.
REQUIRED:
Prepare a production report for Jul v for the Assembly Departmen.
Answer:
Production Cost Report
INPUTS
units costs
Beginning Inventory
Units 4,100
Cost at the beginning $62,744
Incurred during the period :
Units started 16,800
Materials $124,320
Conversion costs $238,420
Total 20,900 $425,484
OUTPUTS
Completed and transferred 15,600 $302,952
Ending Work in Process 5,300 $90,185
Total 20,900 $393,137
Explanation:
Note : I will use the FIFO method for this question since the information given is only suitable for this method.
Assembly Department
First, calculate the equivalent units of production with respect to materials and conversion costs :
1.Materials
To finish Opening Work In Process (4,100x0%) = 0
Started and Completed ((15,600 - 4,100) x100%) = 11,500
Ending Work In Process (5,300x 100%) = 5,300
Equivalent units with respect to materials = 16,800
2.Conversion costs
To finish Opening Work In Process (4,100x60%) = 2,460
Started and Completed ((15,600 - 4,100) x100%) = 11,500
Ending Work In Process (5,300x 80%) = 4,240
Equivalent units with respect to conversion costs = 19,840
Next, calculate the total costs with respect to materials and conversion costs :
1. Materials
FIFO method only accounts for costs incurred during the period
Costs Incurred during the period = $124,320
Total Material costs = $124,320
2. Conversion Costs
FIFO method only accounts for costs incurred during the period
Costs Incurred during the period ($140,000 + $98,420) = $238,420
Total Conversion costs = $238,420
Next, calculate the cost per equivalent unit of materials, conversion costs and in total
1. Materials
Cost per equivalent = Total Costs / Total Equivalent Units
Therefore,
Cost per equivalent = $124,320/ 16,800
= $7.40
2. Conversion Costs
Cost per equivalent = Total Costs / Total Equivalent Units
Therefore,
Cost per equivalent = $238,420/ 19,840
= $12.02
3. Total
Total unit cost = materials unit cost + Conversion unit cost
= $7.40 + $12.02
= $19.42
Finally, calculate the total cost of units completed and transferred out and units still in process
1. units completed and transferred out
Total cost = units completed and transferred out x total unit cost
= 15,600 units x $19.42
= $302,952
2. units still in process
Total cost = material costs + conversion costs
= 5,300 x $7.40 + 4,240 x $12.02
= $90,184.80
Production Cost Report
INPUTS
units costs
Beginning Inventory
Units 4,100
Cost at the beginning $62,744
Incurred during the period :
Units started 16,800
Materials $124,320
Conversion costs $238,420
Total 20,900 $425,484
OUTPUTS
Completed and transferred 15,600 $302,952
Ending Work in Process 5,300 $90,185
Total 20,900 $393,137
Assume that Division X has a product that can be sold either to outside customers or to Division Y of the same company for use in its production process in each of the case below. The managers of the divisions are evaluated based on their divisional profits.
Case
A B
Division X:
Capacity in units 200,000 200,000
Number of units being sold to outside customers 200,000 160,000
Selling price per unit to outside customers $90 $75
Variable costs per unit $70 $60
Fixed costs per unit (based in capacity) $13 $8
Division Y:
Number of units needed for production 40,000 40,000
Purchase price per unit now being paid to an outsider supplier$86 $74
Required:
1-a. Refer to the data in case A above. Assume in this case that $3 per unit in variable selling costs can be avoided on intracompany sales. Determine the transfer price of the selling division.
Variable cost per unit 70
Less: Avoidable cost 70
Total contribution margin on lost sales
No. of units transferred 0
Transfer price ≥ 70
2-a. Refer to the data in case B above. In this case, there will be no savings in variable selling costs on intracompany sales. Determine the transfer price of the selling division.
Variable cost per unit 60
Total contribution margin on lost sales
No. of units transferred 0
Transfer price ≥ 0
Answer:
1-a. $87
2-a $60
Explanation:
The selling or transferring division before transferring to another division (receiving division) it must calculate a minimum transfer price. The minimum transfer price is price acceptable to the transferring division
Minimum Transfer Price = Variable Costs - Internal Savings + Opportunity Cost
where,
Opportunity Cost = Short fall / Internal demand x Contribution per unit
For some units that are currently being supplied externally will be taken up by the receiving division
Case A
Here we have an opportunity cost of 40,000 units taken from external supplies
Minimum Transfer Price = $70 - $3 + 40,000 / 40,000 x ($90 - $70)
= $87
Case B
Here there is no opportunity costs no units taken from external supplies
Minimum Transfer Price = $60 - $0 + $0
= $67
Jansen Company reports the following for its ski department for the year 2019. All of its costs are direct, except as noted. Sales $ 605,000 Cost of goods sold 425,000 Salaries 112,000 ($15,000 is indirect) Utilities 14,000 ($3,000 is indirect) Depreciation 42,000 ($10,000 is indirect) Office expenses 20,000 (all indirect) 1. Prepare a departmental income statement for 2019. 2.
Answer:
Part 1
JANSEN COMPANY
Departmental Income Statement—Ski Department
Sales $605,000
Cost of Sales ($425,000)
Gross Profit $180,000
Direct Expenses
Salaries ($97,000)
Utilities ($11,000)
Depreciation ($32,000)
Other Expenses ($38,000)
Operating profit $2,000
Part 2
JANSEN COMPANY
Departmental Contribution to Overhead—Ski Department
Sales $605,000
Cost of Sales ($425,000)
Gross Profit $180,000
Direct Expenses ($140,000)
Contribution $40,000
Less Overheads
Salaries ($15,000)
Utilities ($3,000)
Depreciation ($10,000)
Office Expenses (20,000)
Total Overheads $48,000
Contribution to overhead $40,000 : $48,000
Part 3
No. Jansen should not eliminate the ski department because it is making a profit on it on (Contributing towards the company costs)
Explanation:
Hie, I have attached the full question as pdf below
If the department is making a loss on its own, it must be eliminated. Departments must make a contribution towards the costs of the company overall
An HR manager at FruitGuys wants to measure how well employees are doing on these questions, so she measures customer satisfaction, goal attainment, and projects initiated for each employee. The HR manager is going to give her boss information based on:
Answer:
✓Workforce composition
✓Metrics
✓Rare resources
✓Core capabilities
Explanation:
From the question we are informed about An HR manager at FruitGuys wants to measure how well employees are doing on these questions, so she measures customer satisfaction, goal attainment, and projects initiated for each employee. In this case, the HR manager is going to give her boss information based on:
✓Workforce composition
✓Metrics
✓Rare resources
✓Core capabilities
Human Resources manager is very essential in an organization, it is the role of HR manager to give his total support to the organization so that people-related processes can be delivered. The HR needs to comes up with good strategy and vision that can promote the business in accordance with law, they also gives their support with other colleagues to ensure issues that has to do with employment and staffs are resolved adequately.
A restaurant sells three sizes of shakes. The small, medium and large sizes each cost $2.00, $3.00, and $3.50 respectively. Let X represent the restaurant's income on a randomly selected shake purchase. Based on previous data, here's the probability distribution of X along with summary statistics. Express the cost of making x small boxes, y medium boxes, and z large boxes as a function of three variables: C = f(x, y, z)
Answer:
C = 2x + 3y + 3.5z
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Let x = small boxes
y = medium boxes
z = large boxes
Cost of x = $2.00
Cost of y = $3.00
Cost of z = $3.50
The cost of making x small boxes, y medium boxes, and z large boxes as a function of three variables: C = f(x, y, z)
C = 2x + 3y + 3.5z
b) In this function, the mathematical relationship expresses the value of a single dependent variable, C, as determined by the values of the independent variables x, y, and z, which are the number of the small, medium, and large sizes of shakes that the restaurant sells. Mathematically, a function means that the dependent variable is determined by the independent variable(s).
In math, function means that the values of the dependent variable (C) are determined by independent variables.
The cost of making different sized boxes as a function can be expressed as: C = 2x + 3y + 3.5z
This can be shown by:
Small box = xMedium box = yLarge box = zCost of small (x) = $2.00Cost of medium (y) = $3.00Cost of large (z) = $3.50This can be shown in the function C = f(x, y, z) as:
C = 2x + 3y + 3.5z
In this question, the mathematical expression depicts the value of the variable C and is determined by the independent variables x, y, and z.
Therefore, the cost can be shown as C = 2x + 3y + 3.5z
To learn more about functions and variables follow the link:
https://brainly.com/question/4334799
"Many service companies collect data via a follow-up survey of their customers. Suppose, in order to ascertain customer sentiment, a certain air line sends an email to customers immediately following a flight. The following question is asked, among others. How likely are you to recommend this air line to others?"
Answer: Categorical; Ordinal
Explanation:
The data that are collected by the airline in this case is referred to as categorical.
The categorical variables are simply referred to as categorical variables because they can be segregated into groups. Also, the measurement of scale that is used is the ordinal scale.
Ordinal data is a kind of categorical data with a set order or scale to it.
Comment
There are different ways to respond to an issue. Due to the fact that the response stated are five choices, therefore, the response is a categorical response.
When you look at the five responses for the labels for the customer responses, you will see that a nominal scale is being used.What is a categorical response?
Categorical is known to be the term for all single-choice or multiple-choice response to a given question.
See full question below
Airline Customer Satisfaction. Many service companies collect data via a fol-low-up survey of their customers. For example, to ascertain customer sentiment, Delta Air Lines sends an email to customers immediately following a flight. Among other questions, Delta asks:
How likely are you to recommend Delta Air Lines to others?
The possible responses are: Definitely
Will
Probably Will
May or May Not
Probably Will Definitely Will Not
Not
a. Are the data collected by Delta in this example quantitative or categorical?
Learn more about categorical response from
https://brainly.com/question/24493066
A responsibility center is best described as: Multiple Choice any part of an organization whose manager has control over and is accountable for cost, profit, or investments. any part of an organization that has responsibility for managing product and service quality. any financial sub-unit within an organization that has the responsibility to account for the performance of other organizational sub-units. any part of an organization that has responsibility for optimizing customer service and satisfaction
Answer:
any financial sub-unit within an organization that has the responsibility to account for the performance of other organizational sub-unit
Explanation:
The responsibility center is the functional entity within a business that have their own goals and objectives, staff who is dedicated to their work, rules, regualtions, policies, procedures. It generally provide the managers the responsibility for the generation of the revenue, expenses that are incurred or the fund that is invested
So the above represent the answer
Honeywell, Goodrich, and UTC Aerospace are among the suppliers to Embraer. If these companies want to look for other export opportunities or information on exporting, the most comprehensive source of information in the United States is the
Answer:
U.S. Department of Commerce.
Explanation:
The U.S Department of Commerce can be defined as a governmental organization that is saddled with the responsibility of promoting economic growth and development, better standard of living for the citizens and provision of job opportunities.
Basically, the U.S Department of Commerce have specialized tools and resources to help gather economic information and demographic data such as amount of export and imports into the United States of America.
In this scenario, Honeywell, Goodrich, and UTC Aerospace are among the suppliers to Embraer. If these companies want to look for other export opportunities or information on exporting, the most comprehensive source of information in the United States is the U.S. Department of Commerce.
A financial analyst tells you that investing in stocks will allow you to double your money in 7 years. What annual rate of return is the analyst assuming you can earn
Answer:
10.4%
Explanation:
there are two ways that you can calculate this:
using the rule of 70, the annual interest rate = 70 / 7 = 10%
or
we can calculate it
2 = 1 x (1 + i)⁷
⁷√2 = ⁷√(1 + i)
1.104 = 1 + i
i = 0.104
i = 10.4%
the second way is more exact, so we should choose it
The Kreidler Kids company can produce swing sets for $1,000. Kendra wants a new swing set for her children and will pay $1,500 for it. Kendra finds the swing set she wants and pays $1,500 for it from the Kreidler Kids company. The Kreidler Kids company has
Answer:
The Kreidler Kids company has a producer surplus of $500.
Explanation:
Producer surplus can be described or calculated as the amount a producer is willing to supply or sell goods and the actual amount the supplier received.
For this question, the producer surplus can therefore be calculated as follows:
The amount Kreidler Kids company can produce swing sets = $1,000
The amount paid by Kendra for the the swing set = $1,500
Producer surplus = The amount paid by Kendra for the the swing set - The amount Kreidler Kids company can produce swing sets = $1,500 - $1,000 = $500
Therfore, the Kreidler Kids company has a producer surplus of $500.
The key to using the cost-benefit principle is to think about _____ aspects of a decision. Group of answer choices only nonfinancial neither financial nor nonfinancial only financial both financial and nonfinancial
Answer:
both financial and nonfinancial
Explanation:
The cost benefit analysis means the approach where we analyze the strength and weakness of the alternatives available and determine the optimal solution that help in accomplish the benefits.
So in order to use the cost-benefit principle here both financial and non-financial should be used
Therefore the last option is correct
What I learned about Joe Biden's presidential inauguration
Answer: He is trying to make better decisions than Trump and he is trying to keep the world peaceful and try his best to make sure he is doing the right thing.
Explanation:
Swann Company sold a delivery truck on April 1, 2016. Swann had acquired the truck on January 1, 2012, for $45,500. At acquisition, Swann had estimated that the truck would have an estimated life of 5 years and a residual value of $3,000. At December 31, 2015, the truck had a book value of $11,500. Required: 1. Prepare any necessary journal entries to record the sale of the truck, assuming it sold for: a. $11,125 b. $7,525 2. How should the gain or loss on disposal be reported on the income statement
Answer:
1.
Journal Entries
a.
Dr. Cash_________________$11,125
Dr. Accumulated Depreciation $36,125
Cr. Truck ________________ $45,500
Cr. Gain on Disposal ________$1,750
b.
Dr. Cash_________________$7,525
Dr. Loss on Disposal ________$1,850
Dr. Accumulated Depreciation $36,125
Cr. Truck ________________ $45,500
2.
a.
The gain is reported as a realized gain in the income statement after operating income for the period.
b.
The loss is reported as a realized loss in the income statement after operating income for the period.
Explanation:
1.
We need to calculate the depreciation for the 3 months of 2016.
Depreciation for the period = ( ( Initial cost -Residual Value ) / Useful life ) x Time Fraction = ( ( $45,500 -$3,000 ) / 5 ) x 3/12 = $2,125
Book Value on April 1, 2016 = Book Value on December 31, 2015 - Depreciation for 2016 = $11,500 - $2,125 = $9,375
Accumulated Depreciation = Initial cost - Book value = $45,500 - $9,375 = $36,125
Now compare The bok value o sale price to calculate the gain or losss
a.
Gain = Sale Value - Book value = $11,125 - $9,375 = $1,750
b.
Loss = Book Value - Sale value = $9,375 - $7,525 = $1,850
2.
The following are several figures reported for Allister and Barone as of December 31, 2021 Inventory Sales Investment income Cost of goods sold Operating expenses Allister Barone $ 500,000 $300,000 not given 230,000 J00,000 Allister acquired 90 percent of Barone in January 2020. In allocating the newly acquired subsidiary's fair value at the acquisition date, Allister noted that Barone had developed a customer list worth \$78,000 that was unrecorded on its accounting records and had a four-year remaining life. Any remaining excess fair value over Barone's book value was attributed to goodwill. During 2021, Barone sells inventory costing $130,000 to Allister for $180,000. Of this amount, 10 percent remains unsold in Allister's warehouse at year-end. Determine balances for the following items that would appear on Allister's consolidated financial statements for 2021 Amounts Inventory Sales Cost of goods sold Operating expenses Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Answer and Explanation:
The balances of the following items are as follows;
Inventory ($500,000 + $300,000 - $5,000) $795,000
Sales ($1,000,000 + $800,000 - $180,000) $1,620,000
Cost of goods sold ($500,000 + $900,000 + $5,000 - $180,000) $725,000
Operating expenses ($230,000 + $300,000 + ($78,000 ÷ 4 years) $549,500
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest ($100,000 × 10% - $19,500 × 10% - $5,000 × 10% ) $7,550
The $5,000 comes from
= ($180,000 - $130,000) × 10%
= $5,000
Assume that Sonic Foundry Corporation has a contractual debt outstanding. Sonic has available two means of settlement. It can either make immediate payment of $2,600,000, or it can make annual payments of $300,000 for 15 years, each payment due on the last day of the year.
Which method of payment do you recommend, assuming an expected effective interest rate of 8% during the future period?
Answer:
Present value - Immediate payment = $2,600,000
Present value - installments = 2,567,843.61
Based on the comparison of present value for both options, Sonic Foundry Corporation should choose option 2 which is annual payments of $300000 for 15 years as it has a lower present value as compared to immediate payment.
Explanation:
We will first need to calculate the present value of the option with payments in installments for 15 years. To calculate the present value, we will use the formula for present value of annuity ordinary as the payments qualify as ordinary annuity.
The payments qualify as ordinary annuity as the payments are of equal amount, are made after equal intervals of time and are for a limited time period and made at the end of the period. The formula for present value of ordinary annuity is attached.
Present value - Option 2 = 300000 * [(1 - (1+0.08)^-15) / 0.08]
Present value - Option 2 = $2,567,843.606 rounded off to $2,567,843.61
The present value of option 1 which is immediate payment is equal to the payment amount as it is made today and it is $2,600,000.
Based on the comparison of present value for both options, Sonic Foundry Corporation should choose option 2 which is annual payments of $300000 for 15 years as it has a lower present value as compared to immediate payment.
When a company changes from one inventory costing method to another, the change must be fully disclosed in a footnote to the financial statements explaining the reasons for the change and the effect on net income.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
In the case when the company wants to change from one method of inventory to the other method of inventory so this would be disclosed in the foot note of the financial statement with a proper reason and also the impact on the net income would be disclosed
Therefore the given statement is true
Prepare a business plan for farming five cows for milk production ?
Answer:
Creating a dairy farming business plan is always a good strategy, it will be your saviour as it will act as a reference guide for your business.
Executive summary
Summary.
Company description.
Market Analysis.
Organization description.
Product Line.
Marketing plan.
Marketing team.
Funding request and use.
Explanation:
Houston-based Advanced Electronics manufactures audio speakers for desktop computers. The following data relate to the period just ended when the company produced and sold 41,000 speaker sets:
Sales $3,362,000
Variable costs 840,500
Fixed costs 2,310,000
Management is considering relocating its manufacturing facilities to northern Mexico to reduce costs. Variable costs are expected to average $20.00 per set; annual fixed costs are anticipated to be $1,986,000.
Required:
1. Calculate the company’s current income and determine the level of dollar sales needed to double that figure, assuming that manufacturing operations remain in the United States.
2. Determine the break-even point in speaker sets if operations are shifted to Mexico.
3. Assume that management desires to achieve the Mexican break-even point; however, operations will remain in the United States.
4. If variable costs remain constant, by how much must fixed costs change?
5. If fixed costs remain constant, by how much must unit variable cost change?
6. Determine the impact (increase, decrease, or no effect) of the following operating changes.
A) Effect of an increase in direct material costs on the break-even point.
B) Effect of an increase in fixed administration costs on the unit contribution margin.
C) Effect of an increase in the unit contribution margin on net income.
D) Effect of a decrease in the number of units sold on the breakeven point.
Answer:
1. $211,500 and $3,644,000
2. 32,033 speaker sets (Mexican)
3. 32,033 speaker sets (Mexican required Break even)
4. $323,954 decrease
5. $11,11 decrease
6. Determining Effects :
A. decrease
B. no effect
C. increase
D. no effect
Explanation:
Part 1
a
Income = Contribution (Sales - Variable Costs) - Fixed Costs
therefore,
Income = $3,362,000 - $840,500 - $2,310,000 = $211,500
b
Double the figure of income = $211,500 x 2 = $423,000
Sales to achieve target profit = Target Profit + Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution Margin
where,
Contribution Margin = Contribution (Sales - Variable Costs) ÷ Sales
= ($3,362,000 - $840,500) ÷ $3,362,000
= 0.75
therefore,
Sales to achieve $423,000 profit = ($423,000 + $2,310,000) ÷ 0.75
= $3,644,000
Part 2
Break even point (speaker sets) = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution per unit
where,
Fixed Cost = $1,986,000
Contribution per unit = ($3,362,000 / 41,000) - $20.00 = $62.00
therefore,
Break even point (speaker sets) = $1,986,000 ÷ $62.00
= 32,033 speaker sets
Part 3
Mexico :
Break even point (speaker sets) = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution per unit
where,
Fixed Cost = $1,986,000
Contribution per unit = ($3,362,000 / 41,000) - $20.00 = $62.00
therefore,
Break even point (speaker sets) = $1,986,000 ÷ $62.00
= 32,033 speaker sets
United States :
Break even point (speaker sets) = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution per unit
where,
Fixed Cost = $2,310,000
Contribution per unit = ($3,362,000 / 41,000) - ($840,500 / 41,000) = $61.50
therefore,
Break even point (speaker sets) = $2,310,000 ÷ $61.50
= 37,561 speaker sets
Part 4
Break even point (speaker sets) = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution per unit
where,
US Fixed Cost = $2,310,000
Fixed Cost Required = Unknown
Contribution per unit = $82.00 - $20.00 = $62.00
therefore,
Fixed Cost = Breakeven Point x Contribution per unit
= 32,033 speaker sets x $62.00
= $1,986,046
Change in Fixed Costs = $323,954 decrease ($2,310,000 - $1,986,046)
Part 5
Break even point (speaker sets) = Fixed Cost ÷ Contribution per unit
where,
US Fixed Cost = $2,310,000
US Contribution per unit = $82.00 - $20.00 = $62.00
Contribution per unit = $82.00 - V = Unknown
therefore,
Contribution per unit = Fixed Costs ÷ Breakeven point
= $2,310,000 ÷ 32,033 speaker sets
= $73.11
Variable Cost = Selling Price - Contribution per unit
= $82.00 - $73.11
= $8.89
Change in Variable Cost = $11,11 decrease ($20.00 - $8.89)
Future Value of Annuity. Twins Jessica andJoshua, both 25, graduated from college andbegan working in the family restaurant business.The first year, Jessica began putting $2,000 peryear in an individual retirement account andcontributed to it for a total of ten years. After tenyears, she made no further contributions untilshe retired at age 65. Joshua did not start makingcontributions to his individual retirement accountuntil he was 35, but he continued making contributions of $2,000 each year until he retired at age 65.Assuming that both Jessica and Joshua receive10% interest per year, how much will Jessica haveat retirement
Answer:
Jessica will have $611,816.70 at retirement.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Jessica:
Annual contribution in IRA for 10 years = $2,000
Retirement age = 65 years
Interest rate per year = 10%
Annuity value for investing $2,000 annually is $35,062.33
FV (Future Value) $35,062.33
PV (Present Value) $13,518.05
N (Number of Periods) 10.000
I/Y (Interest Rate) 10.000%
PMT (Periodic Payment) $2,000.00
Starting Investment $0.00
Total Principal $20,000.00
Total Interest $15,062.33
Amount received after investing $35,062.33 for 30 years.
Using an online finance calculator:
FV (Future Value) $611,816.70
PV (Present Value) $35,062.33
N (Number of Periods) 30.000
I/Y (Interest Rate) 10.000%
PMT (Periodic Payment) $0.00
Starting Investment $35,062.33
Total Principal $35,062.33
Total Interest $576,754.37
The price elasticity of the supply of teenage labor services is approximately 1.36. Suppose the minimum wage rises from $7.25 per hour to $8.75. Using the midpoint formula, what is the approximate change in the quantity of teenage labor supplied
Answer:
0.085
Explanation:
The computation of the expected change in the quantity of teenage is shown below:
As we know that
Price elasticity of supply = Percentage change in quantity supplied ÷ Percentage change in price
where,
Percentage change in price is
= (p1 + p2) ÷ 2 ÷ (p2 - p1)
= ($7.25 + $8.75) ÷ 2 ÷ ($8.75 - $7.25)
= 8 ÷ 0.5
= 16
Now the change in the quantity of supplied is
= 1.36 ÷ 16
= 0.085
Townson Company had gross wages of $200,000 during the week ended December 10. The amount of wages subject to social security tax was $180,000, while the amount of wages subject to federal and state unemployment taxes was $24,000. Tax rates are as follows: Social security 6.0% Medicare 1.5 State unemployment 5.3 Federal unemployment 0.8 The total amount withheld from employee wages for federal income taxes was $32,000. Required: 1. Journalize the entry to record the payroll for the week of December 10. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_2 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_3 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_5 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_6 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_8 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_9 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_11 fill in the blank 772b2b050feafc9_12
Answer:
1. Dr Wages Expense200,000
Cr Social Security Tax Payable 10,800
Cr Medicare Tax Payable 3,000
Cr Employees Federal Income Tax Payable 32,000
Cr Wages Payable 154,200
2. Dr Payroll Tax Expense15,264
Cr Social Security Tax Payable10,800
Cr Medicare Tax Payable3,000
Cr State Unemployment Tax Payable 1,272
Cr Federal Unemployment Tax Payable 192
Explanation:
1. Preparation of Journal entry to record the payroll for the week of December 10.
Dr Wages Expense200,000
Cr Social Security Tax Payable 10,800
($180,000 x 6%)
Cr Medicare Tax Payable 3,000
($200,000 x 1.5%)
Cr Employees Federal Income Tax Payable 32,000
Cr Wages Payable 154,200
[200,000-(10,800+3,000+32,000)]
2) Preparation of the Journal entry to record the payroll tax expense incurred for the week of December 10.
Dr Payroll Tax Expense15,264
(10,800+3,000+1,272+192)
Cr Social Security Tax Payable10,800
Cr Medicare Tax Payable3,000
Cr State Unemployment Tax Payable 1,272
($24,000 x 5.3%)
Cr Federal Unemployment Tax Payable 192($24,000 x 0.8%)
The annual planning process at Century Office Systems, Inc. had been arduous but produced a number of important marketing initiatives for the next year. Most notably, company executives had decided to restructure its product-marketing team into two separate groups: (1) Corporate Office Systems and (2) Home Office Systems. Angela Blake was assigned responsibility for the Home Office Systems group, which
Complete Question:
The annual planning process at Century Office Systems, Inc has been arduous but produced a number of important marketing initiatives for the next year. Most notable, company executives had decided to restructure its product-marketing team into two separate groups: (1) Corporate Office Systems and (2) Home Office Systems. Angela Blake was assigned responsibility for the Home Office Systems group, which would market the company’s word-processing hardware and software for home and office-at-home use for individuals. Her marketing plan, which included a sales forecast for next year of $25 million, was the result of a detailed market analysis and negotiations with individuals both inside and outside the company. Discussion with the sales director indicated that 40 percent of the company sales forces would be dedicated to selling products of the Home Office Systems group. Sales representatives would receive a 25 percent commission on sales of home office systems. Under the new organizational structure, the Home Office Systems group would be charged with 40 percent of the budgeted sales force expenditure. The sales director’s budget for salaries and fringe benefits of the sales force and non commission selling costs for both the Corporate and Home Office Systems groups of $7.5 million. The advertising and promotion budget contained three elements: trade magazine advertising, cooperative newspaper advertising with Century Office Systems dealers, and sales promotion materials including product brochures, technical manuals, catalogs, and point-of-purchase displays. Trade magazine ads and sales promotion materials were to be developed by the company’s advertising and public relations agency. Production and media placement costs were budgeted at $300,000. Cooperative advertising copy for both newspaper and radio use had budgeted production costs of $100,000. Century Office System Inc cooperative advertising allowance policy stated that the company would allocate 5 percent of company sales to dealers to promote its office systems. Dealers always used their complete cooperative advertising allowances. Meetings with manufacturing and operations personnel indicated that the direct costs of material and labor and direct factory overhead to produce the Home Office System product line represented 50 percent of sales. The accounting department would assign $600,000 in indirect manufacturing overhead (for example, depreciation, maintenance) to the product line and $300,000 for administrative overhead (clerical, telephone, office space, and so forth). Freight for the product line would average 8 percent of sales. Blake’s staff consisted of two product managers and a marketing assistant. Salaries and fringe benefits for Ms. Blake and her staff were $250,000 per year.
- At what level of dollar sales will the Home Office Systems group break even? Show Calculations
Answer:
Century Office Systems, Inc.
The level of dollar sales at which the Home Office Systems group will break even
= $23.87 million
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Sales forecast for next year = $25 million
Sales commission = 25% of sales = $6.25 million
Controllable expenses = 40%
Budgeted sales staff salaries and fringe benefits = $7.5 million
40% of staff salaries and fringe benefits = $3 million
Direct costs of material and labor and direct factory overhead = 50% of sales = $12.5 million
Budgeted Production and media placement costs = $300,000
Cooperative advertising copy for both newspaper and radio use had budgeted production costs of $100,000
Total advertising expense = $400,000
40% of advertising expense = ($400,000 - 5,000) * 40% = $158,000
Indirect manufacturing overhead (for example, depreciation, maintenance) = $600,000
Administrative overhead (clerical, telephone, office space, and so forth) = $300,000
Freight for the product line would average 8 percent of sales = $2 million
Home Office Systems:
Sales forecast = $25 million
Variable costs:
Direct costs of material and labor
and direct factory overhead = $12.5 million
Freight = $2 million
Sales commission = $6.25 million
Total variable cost = $20.75 million
Contribution margin = $4.25 million
Contribution margin ratio = $4.25/$25 * 100 = 17%
Fixed expenses:
Advertising expense = $158,000
Staff salaries and fringe benefits = $3 million
Indirect manufacturing overhead = $600,000
Administrative overhead= $300,000
Total fixed expenses = $4.058 million
Break-even sales dollars = Fixed expenses/Contribution margin margin
= $4.058 million/0.17
= $23.87 million
Question 1 (14 points)
Imagine that you own your business. You are producing a product (it could be a service). You would like to differentiate your product.
a. (6 points) Why would you want to differentiate your product?
b. (8 points) How would you do it? How would your product differ? Please provide a specific product: a detailed explanation of your original product and how you would differentiate it. Please do not use the examples covered in class.
Question 2 (15 points)
Imagine that you own your business. It does not need to be the same as in other questions, you are allowed to pick a different firm or product. Imagine further that you or your consumers face an asymmetric information problem.
a. (5 points) Please explain in detail what this asymmetric information problem, and who is facing it (your firm or your consumers).
b. (10 points) Please explain how you solved this problem.
Question 3 (11 points)
Imagine that you own your business. It does not need to be the same as in other questions, you are allowed to pick a different firm or product.
a. (3 points) Think about your production process. Please explain the technology that you use in the production process.
b. (8 points) How do you think the technology that you use, affects the market structure and/or the demand of your product? Note that this question is NOT about how technology affects your production process, therefore, NOT about productivity, NOT about the cost structure.
Answer:
a. (6 points) Why would you want to differentiate your product?
Because differentiating your product is one of the two basic business strategies, the other one being reducing the price of the product. Differentiating your product allows you to gain competitiveness in a contested market.
b. (8 points) How would you do it? How would your product differ?
An product that can be differentiated is a yogurt. The market for yogurt is very competitive so differentiation is necessary. The yogurt could be flavored in less common ways: like saffron, kiwi or cucumber, and the technique could be adapted from Greek Yogurt to give a healthier style.
a. (5 points) Please explain in detail what this asymmetric information problem, and who is facing it (your firm or your consumers).
The problem of asymmetric information occurs when one party of the transaction has more information than the other party. In a typical business transaction, the managers of the firm have more information than consumers, so consumers would be facing the problem of asymmetric information.
b. (8 points) How do you think the technology that you use, affects the market structure and/or the demand of your product?
Technology can make the market structure more competitive or less, but it usually makes it more competitive. Technology also improves the productiviy and efficiency of the production process, which leads to costs reductions than pass through price. This in turn raises demands for the product.
Locate the website of any company that publishes a corporate social responisbility report (also referred to as a sustainability report). Describe three nonfinancial performance measures included in the report. Why do you think the company publishes this report
Answer:
Employee turnover
Customer complains
Repairs and warranty claims
Explanation:
Corporate social responsibility is an important part which is included in financial statements. The companies report their attitude towards the betterment of society and ensure that there is no harm to the society and environment by the business activities. Non financial measures are important as they are contributors to business success. Employees turnover should not be high as it indicates the customers that business is not motivating its employees and retaining skilled employee is difficult for the business.
As she prepared financial documents to be discussed at her company's
annual shareholders' meeting, Linda added an appendix to the financial overview that details all financial transactions in the last fiscal year.
Which of the accounting principles below is she observing?
a) Matching Principle
b) Measurement Principle
c) Full Disclosure Principle
d) Time Period Principle
Answer: c) Full Disclosure Principle
Explanation:
The Full Disclosure Principle is a principle in accounting that tries to reduce any information asymmetry between a company and the people who are to have access to their financial statement.
It does so by requiring that all relevant information to the financial statements such as financial overviews for the period are added to the statements so that the readers can understand the transactions that took place as well as the accounting methodology used.