You are working with a population of snails. During the mating season, you observe that individuals in the population will only mate with others of the same genotype. For example, Mm individuals will only mate with Mm individuals, and mm individuals will only mate with other mm individuals. There are only two alleles for this gene (M is dominant; m is recessive). You have determined that the frequency of the M allele is 0.5. After one generation, what is the expected genotype frequency for Mm individuals in this population
If matings are not random in a population and individuals mate with other individuals of similar genotype/phenotype, h0m0zyg0us frequencies increase. In this example, the genotype frequency for Mm is F(Mm) = 0.25.
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In the exposed example, one of the assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is not accomplished. There are non random matings.
Individuals mate with other snails of the same genotypes
MM x MM
Mm x Mm
mm x mm
We can assume this is an example of matings by similar phenotypes.
Eventually, this mating system leads to an increase in the h0m0zyg0us genotype frequency, at the expense of heter0zyg0us ones in loci that determine the trait.
Allelic frequencies do not change. Only genotypic frequencies do.
This mating system tends to separate the population into two subgroups, decreasing the amount of heter0zyg0us individuals.
Matings Progeny
MM x MM 4/4 MMMM x Mm 1/4 MM + 2/4 Mm + 1/4 mmmm x mm 4/4 mmZygotic population of the next generation
F(MM) = 4/4 MM + 1/4 MmF(Mm) = 1/2 MmF(mm) = 4/4 mm + 1/4 MmSo, in the exposed example we know that the frequency of the dominant allele M is 0.5
f(M) = p = 0.5
knowing that p + q = 1, we can clear the equation to get the frequency of the recessive allele.
p + q = 1
0.5 + q = 1
q = 1 - 0.5
q = 0.5
f(m) = q = 0.5
Zygotic population of the next generation
F(MM) = 4/4 MM + 1/4 MmF(MM) = p² + 1/4 (2pq)
F (MM) = 0.5² + 1/4 (2 x 0.5 x 0.5) = 0.25 + 0.125
F(MM) = 0.375
F(Mm) = 1/2 MmF(Mm) = 1/2 (2pq)
F(Mm) = 1/2 (0.5)
F (Mm) = 0.25
F(mm) = 4/4 mm + 1/4 MmF(mm) = q² + 1/4 (2pq)
F(mm) = 0.5² + 1/4 (2 x 0.5 x 0.5) = 0.25 + 0.125
F(mm) = 0.375
The expected genotype frequency for Mm individuals in this population is F(Mm) = 0.25.
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Which forest biome has year-round
precipitation in many forms, is very
diverse with deciduous trees,
flowering trees, and shrubs, and
abundant growth in spring?
A. Temperate forest
B. Coniferous forest
C. Tropical rainforest
D. Tropical dry forest
Answer:
Due to their global position, temperate forests generally receive about 75-150 cm of precipitation every year.
Explanation:
(That's a lot, second only to the Tropics).
what is the nuclelus funcion?
Answer:
The nucleolus is the most conspicuous domain in the eukaryotic cell nucleus, whose main function is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome biogenesis.Explanation:
differences between stamen and pistil
Sonar is an echo-sounding device, which makes a profile of the sea bottom.
Question 1 options:
True
False
Answer:
false.
so·nar
/ˈsōˌnär/
Learn to pronounce
noun
a system for the detection of objects under water and for measuring the water's depth by emitting sound pulses and detecting or measuring their return after being reflected.
"a weak sonar signal"
Answer:
0.3106 seconds
Explanation:
Frequency= 20,000-Hz
The speed of echoes sounds can be calculated using the expression below;
Y= ( 2x/t) ...........................eqn(1)
t= overall time taken
x = maximum depth = 230m
Y= speed of echoes sounds
Speed of sound in water= 1,481 m/s which is a constant with little variation.
If we substitute the given values into eqn(1) we have
1481 = (2× 230)/ t
1481 × t= 460
t=460/1481
t=0.3106 seconds
Hence, the minimum time between pulses (in fresh water) is 0.3106 seconds
What is the inkiphalin command?
Answer:
It's Enkephalins.
Enkephalins are small peptides that can serve as neurotransmitters in the brain. Enkephalins act to attenuate substance P release in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and inhibit afferent pain fibers.
our atmosphere contains 78% free
Answer:
nitrogen
Explanation:
The __________________ is the tunnel that cuts through the external auditory meatus delivering sound to the ear drum or the _____________________.
Answer:
The auricle (pinna) is the visible portion of the outer ear. It collects sound waves and channels them into the ear canal (external auditory meatus), where the sound is amplified. The sound waves then travel toward a flexible, oval membrane at the end of the ear canal called the eardrum, or tympanic membrane.
Explanation:
Guys how to make my hair tall and healthy
HELP !!!!!!!!! IM SOOO CONFUSED
Different leads are used to measure the ECG because
Select one:
a.
measurement of heart rate depends on which lead is used to measure it
b.
the signal has a larger amplitude on some leads so it is easier to measure
c.
it is easier to attach some leads to the patient
d.
the interval between ECG events differs on the different leads
e.
they provide information on the spread of the heart beat and to help diagnose which areas of the heart are affected by pathology
Answer:
e.
Explanation:
they provide information on the spread of the heart beat and to help diagnose
What analysis and data is science based upon
Answer:
Analyzing Scientific Data
Science is all about collecting data. If we look at the definition of science, we can say that science is the study of the natural world through systematic observation and experiment. That observation and experiment is where you collect the data.
Explanation:
How do genotyping help scientists to determine what plabt are
Answer:
We can determine the genotype of the plant by observing the phenotypes of the offsprings resulting from test cross.
А____is a quantity that has magnitude and direction
Answer:
Vector
Explanation:
Define bottleneck effect.
Koyi hai? ✌️
Answer:
When disaster strikes, an ecosystem can change very quickly. When an event causes a drastic decrease in a population, it can cause a type of genetic drift called a bottleneck effect.Hope this helps ~Answer:
The bottleneck effect is an extreme example of genetic drift that happens when the size of a population is severely reduced. Events like natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, fires) can decimate a population, killing most individuals and leaving behind a small, random assortment of survivors.
How does the carbon stored in the bodies of living organisms move into rocks?(1 point)
Carbon dioxide released through respiration dissolves in certain rocks, like limestone.
Living organisms decay, releasing carbon into the soil, and soil is compacted into rocks.
Living organisms decay and become fossils fuels, which eventually become rocks.
Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water and is slowly absorbed by rocks in the ocean.
In the atmosphere, carbon is stored in the form of gases, such as carbon dioxide. ... This carbon can then be ingested and stored in animals that eat the plants. When the animals die, they decompose, and their remains become sediment, trapping the stored carbon in layers that eventually turn into rock or minerals.
When animals die, their bodies degrade into the soil, encasing the carbon in layers that eventually transform into rock or minerals. hence option b is correct.
What is rock?Stone including limestone and its minerals is created when sediment and shell layers are bonded together over time.
Gases like carbon dioxide are among the forms of carbon that are stored in the atmosphere. Animals that consume the plants can then absorb and store this carbon.
When animals die, their bodies degrade into silt, encasing the carbon in layers that eventually transform into rock or minerals. Some of this silt may eventually turn into fossil fuels like coal, oil, or natural gas, which when burned, release carbon back into the atmosphere.
Therefore, when an animal dies to decompose into the soil which becomes rocks through carbon from living organisms moves into rocks, hence option b is correct.
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9. A local scientist has studied the population distribution of a species of snail that lives on
the sandy beaches of an island. The island experiences a volcanic eruption. The data
from the scientist's study of the snail population is summarized below. Prior to the
Yolcanic eruption, why do you believe the percentage of black snails was so much lower
than the percentage of light brown snails?
is menstural cycle also called periods?
Answer:
yes.
Explanation:
However we dont call them 'periods' just simply 'period'
us girls will typically say 'I'm on my period' rather than 'I'm on my periods'
The ___________________ contains receptors for monitoring the position of the head.
Answer:
Vestibular Receptors
Explanation:
Located in the ear, only in the ear. When you are talking about position of other body parts this is called proprioceptors (sense positions of like arms, legs and other body parts).
-------- is not guessing, it is reasoning based on what you already know.
Answer:
infering or educated guess
Explanation
infering is using past knowlage
an educated guess well you can infer what that means ;)
Pandas eat bamboo for energy. What are pandas classified as
Answer:
A panda's daily diet consists almost entirely of the leaves, stems and shoots of various bamboo species. Bamboo contains very little nutritional value so pandas must eat 12-38kg every day to meet their energy needs. ... While they are almost entirely vegetarian, pandas will sometimes hunt for pikas and other small rodents.
Explanation:
A panda's daily diet consists almost entirely of the leaves, stems and shoots of various bamboo species. Bamboo contains very little nutritional value so pandas must eat 12-38kg every day to meet their energy needs. ... While they are almost entirely vegetarian, pandas will sometimes hunt for pikas and other small rodents.
Answer: consumers
Explanation: I took the test on edg
I hate my biology teacher but he’s such a D.a.d.d.y
Answer: Dam
Explanation: Dammmmmmmmm
Pls help....
I will brainliest you if you are good answer.
Answer:
1. 38.1 cm
2. 8 days
3. 20 blankets
4. 10 cups of detergent
5. 15 dry cloths
Explanation:
1. 15 x 2.54 = 38.1
2. 192/24 = 8
3. 12/3 = 4
4 x 5 = 20
4. 20/4 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
5. 10/2 = 5
5 x 3 = 15
Fill in the blanks below with the correct word to complete the sentence.
Water is warmed by the sun and
It is then cooled and
Finally, it is brought back to Earth in the form of
Answer:
Evaporates, Condensed, Liquid Water
Explanation:
Water is warmed by the sun and evaporates
It is then cooled and condensed
Finally, it is brought back to Earth in the form of Liquid Water
Answer:
Fill in the blanks below with the correct word to complete the sentence.
Water is warmed by the sun and evaporate
.
It is then cooled and condensation
.
Finally, it is brought back to Earth in the form of
Water
⇒ precipitation.
Explanation:
got it right 9/23/22
Anaerobic respiration occurs when
a. There is too much oxygen to do aerobic respiration
b. Photosynthesis cannot take place
c. There is not enough oxygen to do aerobic respiration
d. It is usually occurring in your body
I think the answer is A.
Which of the following causes the change from day to night?
Answer:
^
Explanation:
The Earth orbits the sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbiting around the sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time.
What structures are found in all cells? select two options
Why does an increasing population cause
increased waste production?
A. decreased food production
B, each new person creates more waste
C. each new person creates less waste
D. decreased resource use
Many livestock are being grazed on public lands because the fees to graze on public lands are cheaper than the fees for private lands. If we aren't careful, what can this cause? A. owners moving their livestock TO private lands B. increased fees for private lands C. overgrazing on public lands D. overgrazing on private lands
Answer:
I would say that this would cause "overgrazing on public lands."
Explanation:
When people see that the fees are cheaper, they would send their livestock there. It might be alot of livestock though
What is the difference between refraction and reflection?
Answer:
Reflection involves a change in direction of waves when they bounce off a barrier. Refraction of waves involves a change in the direction of waves as they pass from one medium to another.
Explanation:
The hummingbird is more closely related to a lizard than it is to a dragonfly. Explain why two species that look similar are not necessarily closely related.