Explanation:
Nitrogen is essential to life because it is a key component of proteins and nucleic acids. Nitrogen occurs in many forms and is continuously cycled among these forms by a variety of bacteria. Although nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere as diatomic nitrogen gas (N2), it is extremely stable, and conversion to other forms requires a great deal of energy. Historically, the biologically available forms NO3- and NH3 have often been limited; however, current anthropogenic processes, such as fertilizer production, have greatly increased the availability of nitrogen to living organisms. The cycling of nitrogen among its many forms is a complex process that involves numerous types of bacteria and environmental conditions.
In general, the nitrogen cycle has five steps:
Nitrogen fixation (N2 to NH3/ NH4+ or NO3-)
Nitrification (NH3 to NO3-)
Assimilation (Incorporation of NH3 and NO3- into biological tissues)
Ammonification (organic nitrogen compounds to NH3)
Denitrification(NO3- to N2)
Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which gaseous nitrogen (N2) is converted to ammonia (NH3 or NH4+) via biological fixation or nitrate (NO3-) through high-energy physical processes. N2 is extremely stable and a great deal of energy is required to break the bonds that join the two N atoms. N2 can be converted directly into NO3- through processes that exert a tremendous amount of heat, pressure, and energy. Such processes include combustion, volcanic action, lightning discharges, and industrial means. However, a greater amount of biologically available nitrogen is naturally generated via the biological conversion of N2 to NH3/ NH4+. A small group of bacteria and cyanobacteria are capable using the enzyme nitrogenase to break the bonds among the molecular nitrogen and combine it with hydrogen.
Nitrogenase only functions in the absence of oxygen. The exclusion of oxygen is accomplished by many means. Some bacteria live beneath layers of oxygen-excluding slime on the roots of certain plants. The most important soil dwelling bacteria, Rhizobium, live in oxygen-free zones in nodules on the roots of legumes and some other woody plants. Aquatic filamentous cyanobacteria utilize oxygen-excluding cells called heterocysts.
Nitrification
Nitrification is a two-step process in which NH3/ NH4+ is converted to NO3-. First, the soil bacteria Nitrosomonas and Nitrococcus convert NH3 to NO2-, and then another soil bacterium, Nitrobacter, oxidizes NO2- to NO3-. These bacteria gain energy through these conversions, both of which require oxygen to occur.
Assimilation
Assimilation is the process by which plants and animals incorporate the NO3- and ammonia formed through nitrogen fixation and nitrification. Plants take up these forms of nitrogen through their roots, and incorporate them into plant proteins and nucleic acids. Animals are then able to utilize nitrogen from the plant tissues.
Ammonification
Assimilation produces large quantities of organic nitrogen, including proteins, amino acids, and nucleic acids. Ammonification is the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia. The ammonia produced by this process is excreted into the environment and is then available for either nitrification or assimilation.
Denitrification
Denitrification is the reduction of NO3- to gaseous N2 by anaerobic bacteria. This process only occurs where there is little to no oxygen, such as deep in the soil near the water table. Hence, areas such as wetlands provide a valuable place for reducing excess nitrogen levels via denitrification processes.
Common Forms of Nitrogen
The most common forms of inorganic nitrogen in the environment are diatomic nitrogen gas (N2), nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), ammonia (NH3), and ammonium (NH4+). The species that predominate depend on the chemical, physical, and biological environment.
In aquatic environments, the presence of nitrogen as unionized ammonia (NH3) or ammonium (NH4+) is dependent on the pH and temperature.
When the pH is below 8.75, NH4+ predominates. Increases in pH signify increases in the hydroxyl ion (OH-) concentration of the water, meaning the above reaction will shift to the left in order to reach equilibrium. Above a pH of 9.75, NH3 predominates (Hem, 1985). NH3 is a more toxic to aquatic life. If biological assimilation of NH3 is not occurring at a sufficient rate, NH3 may accumulate and cause detrimental effects to aquatic life.
In soils, NH4+ ions are strongly sorbed by clay particles and organic matter, which have a net negative surface charge. In alkaline soils, NH4+ will be converted to NH3 gas, and lost to the atmosphere. Under warm growing conditions, NH4+ in the soil will be transformed to NO3- via nitrification. NO3- is very soluble, and can easily be leached from soils under wet conditions.
How would your body respond if your blood pH raised to 7.46?
Which of the following limit cell size? Select all of the answers that apply.
What is expected to happen to the species that is less suited to
compete for resources if the competitive exclusion principle is
observed?
Answer:
die out and move from the area are the answer
Explanation:
How does air pollution affect water pollution?
PLZZ HELP ME THIS IS AN ASSIGMENT I WANT YOU TO DO IT IN YOUR OWN WORDS AND NO SCAMMED
1.)Skilled Scientist level from Rubric: Student used critical thinking skills and evidence to establish a possible relationship among organisms and a possible evolutionary history of traits.
How many different species are there?
2.) List the different genus groups:
3.) Explain in your own words the order in which the creatures’s traits may have evolved starting from the first likely trait. (HINT: Which trait is the most common across the creatures? Be sure you list ALL of the physical features from the key above from most common to least common)
Answer:^^^^
Explanation:
above me is correct!
ANSWER ASAP LOOK AT THE PICTURE BELOW
CORRECT ANSWER = BRAINLIEST!
LINKS OR FILES = REPORT
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Where do plants and animals get carbon? Explain
Answer:
From the air
Explanation:
For plants especially its the sunlight. The animals then eat the plants transferring the carbon into their bodies.
Answer:
Where do plants and animals get carbon? Explain
Remember that plants and other producers capture carbon dioxide and deplete it in glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6) through photosynthesis. Then when animals eat plants and other animals, they get the carbon from those organisms.
Explanation:
I hope it helps you :)♫
What is metamorphosis?? Hlw guys gøød Evening....
Answer:
a big change in a insect is called a metamorphosis
Example
tadpole will turn into frog= big change
[ METAMORPHOSIS ]
Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation.
Metamorphosis is divided into two types, namely:
perfect metamorphosisimperfect metamorphosisPhosphorylation of ADP to ATP occurs
A. via ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum.
B. in the nucleus
C. in the mitochondria
D. within the cell membrane
Answer:
C. in the mitochondria
Explanation:
Mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers transport ADP into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis, and ATP out to fuel the cell, by cycling between cytoplasmic-open and matrix-open states. ... Because these features are highly conserved, this mechanism is likely to apply to the whole mitochondrial carrier family.
Answer:
C. in the mitochondria
Explanation:
Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP occurs in the mitochondria.
Assuming these are carbon dioxide molecules, which way do you think the molecules will move and why?
A. Out of the cell. They want to move from high to low concentration (DOWN the concentration gradient)
B. Into the cell. They want to move from low to high concentration (UP the concentration gradient).
Answer:
A. Out of the cell. They want to move from high to low concentration (DOWN the concentration gradient)
Explanation:
Although the cuticle provides important protection from excessive water loss, leaves cannot be impervious because they must also allow carbon dioxide in (to be used in photosynthesis), and oxygen out. These gases move into and out of the leaf through openings on the underside called stomata (Figure 3b).
Answer:
A. Out of the cell. They want to move from high to low concentration (DOWN the concentration gradient)
Explanation:
The option (A) is the correct answer. This statement is the required answer.
Which are characteristics of carbon? Check all that apply.
Explanation:
Terms in this set (5)
carbon is abundant, common.
forms strong covalent bonds.
has four valence electrons.
variety of shapes.
bonds with multiple elements
Answer:
- Covalent bonding
- Generally in non-electrolytes
- Low melting point
- Forms a variety of compounds
Explanation:
Edge 2021
How were Redi’s and Pasteur’s experiments similar?
Both studied the growth of microbes in broth.
Both studied flies emerging from meat.
Both tested the idea of spontaneous generation.
Both tested whether pasteurization kills microorganisms.
Answer: Both tested the idea of spontaneous generation.
Explanation: hope this is right and have a great day or night!! :)
For the following nitrogen base sequence, write the complimentary sequence on the line provided.
A – T – C – C – T – A – G – A – A
_________________________
Answer:
TAGGATCTT
Explanation:
a - t
c - g
If 65,000 kcal are
available in the
producers trophic
level, how much
energy is available
to the secondary
consumers?
Answer:
13000 would be avalable because 10% is taken every time it is eaten so 65,000 with 10% taken out twice (20% of 65,000) is only 13,000 kcal available to the secondary consumers.
the increase to heart rate is a normal homeostatic response and allows for an adjustment of the body's set point during exercise. Identify one other response that your body makes to help maintain homeostasis for a "set point" that can't be adjusted & Describe why it does that. *
Answer:
it increases oxygen levels and decrease carbon dioxide levels
2. How many hydrogen atoms are in one molecule of camphor?
C10H160
16
10
26
27
Answer:
its not biology its chemistry
Answer:
there are 16 hydrogen atoms
Explanation:
each number following an element pertains to the number of atoms that element possesses
example: H2O = water (2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom)
Anatomical terminology was standardized to do
which things? Select all that apply.
to consolidate the study of history into
smaller textbooks
to streamline communication related to the
health sciences
to avoid confusion and miscommunication
when discussing parts of the body
to get people more interested in joining the
health-science industry
Answer:
B. To streamline communication related to the health sciences
C. To avoid confusion and miscommunication when discussing parts of the body
Explanation:
Which term is defined as the components in an ecosystem, such as soil, air, and sunlight?
biometric
antibiotic
abiotic
biotic
Explanation:
Abiotic factors refer to non-living physical and chemical elements in the ecosystem. Abiotic resources are usually obtained from the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Examples of abiotic factors are water, air, soil, sunlight, and minerals.
Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
A. 1st Law
B. 2nd Law
C. 3rd Law
(will mark brainliest if you answer 6,7,&8 pls)
Answer:
6) Inertia is 1 Law
7) Acceleration is 2 Law
8) Should be acceleration too, 2 Law
Hope This Helps!
#[tex]AnimePower[/tex]
Explanation:
6:
Answer: Newton's first law of motion,
Explanation: Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change it its motion. Describe how inertia affects motion. If an object is already at rest, inertia will keep it at rest. If the object is already moving, inertia will keep it moving.
7:
Answer: The second law
Explanation: The second law shows that if you exert the same force on two objects of different mass, you will get different accelerations (changes in motion). The effect (acceleration) on the smaller mass will be greater (more noticeable).
8.
Answer: Newton's Second Law
Explanation: The second law of motion explains the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. The law states that the acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied. Newton's second law of motion is also called the law of force and acceleration.
what inhibits the synthesis of viral proteins help block viral replication
Answer:
antibiotics
Explanation:
Only some antibiotics will stop protein synthesis.
Answer:
The activated kinase phosphorylates elongation eIF-2 to its inactive form. These events lead to the inhibition of protein synthesis that stops the replication of viruses.
Explanation:
What is the negative impact of paper on society
Answer:
Deforestation has increased. Paper manufacturing used up to 40% of the global wood. The process of making paper releases nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon dioxide into the air, contributing to pollution such as greenhouse gases.
Explanation:
hope this helps!!!!!!
Can someone help I’ve been stuck at this question for the past 10 minutes
A _____ extinction occurs when many species go extinct in a relatively short period of time
Answer:
I think it's
A mass extinction occurs when many species go extinct in a relatively short period of time.
Explanation:
Mass extinction is usually defined as a loss of about three-quarters of all species in existence across the entire Earth over a “short” geological period of time. Hence, I think the answer is correct.
Answer:
The correct answer is Mass
Explain how an aquatic biome could consist of multiple ecosystems. Include at least two examples of ecosystems in your explanation.
Answer:
an aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in the body of water examples are marine ecosystem and fresh water ecosystem
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in the body of water examples are marine ecosystem and fresh water ecosystem.
What is ecosystem and example?An ecosystem is a area where flora, faunna, and other organisms, as well as weather , work together to form a life.
Examples of land-based ecosystems are forest ecosystems, grassland ecosystems, tundra ecosystems, and desert ecosystems.
Thus, An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in the body of water.
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Which is not an immune system disorder
- Allergies
- Asthma
- Fungi
- HIV/AIDS
Answer:
Fungi
Explanation:
Answer: Asthma
Explanation: Asthma is Shortness of breath, wheezing, and cough are symptoms of a LUNG ILLNESS characterized by constriction of the airways, the tubes that convey air into the lungs, which are irritated and restricted.
1. How
or an
alkali
you test to see if a liquid is an acid
All the meerkats that live in a wildlife refuge make up which of the following?
Population
Community
Biosphere
Niche
If the half-life of a radioactive substance is 500 million years and you have
192 atoms of it, how many half-lives will have passed by the time that only 3
atoms of the substance remain?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 2.
The number of half-lives that has elapsed when 3 atoms of the radioactive substance remains is 6 (Option C)
Data obtained from the questionHalf-life (t½) = 500 million yearsOriginal amount (N₀) = 192 atomsAmount remaining (N) = 3 atoms Number of half-lives (n) =?How to determine the number of half-lives2ⁿ = N₀ / N
2ⁿ = 192 / 3
2ⁿ = 64
2ⁿ = 2⁶
n = 6
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The pH of 1 to 6 is basic
true or false
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Answer:
False
Explanation:
PH is acidic between 0 and 7, and basic when it is over 7.
7 is neutral.
Translation is the process of:
a. mRNA being decoded into proteins
b. DNA being copied into mRNA
c. DNA being duplicated
d. mRNA is being copied into DNA
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Because Translation refers to the process of creating proteins from an mRNA template.
are males more likely to have hypophosphatemia than females explain
Answer:
Males are more likely to have hypophosphatemia.
Explanation:
In females, a mutation would have to happen in both copies of the genes to cause the disorder. It is rare having females with 2 altered copies of this gene. Males are X-linked by recessive disorders much more frequently then females.