Explanation:
Economic systems can be defined as a system with characteristics and principles for regulating all components of an economy, such as labor, production, resources, etc.
It is different according to each country, in that each country operates through different laws and rules for controlling the economy. There are countries that operate through a more rigid economic system, where there is government control over production and market prices, and there are countries that operate in a freer economic system, where the government does not interfere so much in private property, in profitability and in price, and organizations operate according to the law of supply and demand, such as the capitalist system, for example, which is a system that is very widespread in the globalized world, where the primary objective is the accumulation of profits.
Debt management ratios measure the extent to which a firm uses financial leverage and the degree of safety afforded to creditors . They include the: (1) Debt-to-capital ratio, (2) Times interest earned ratio (TIE), and (3) EBITDA coverage ratio. The first ratio analyzes debt by looking at the firm's balance sheet , while the last two ratios analyze debt by looking at the firm's income statement . The debt-to-capital ratio measures the percentage of funds provided by -Select- . Its equation is:
Answer:
Provided by total capital, which is equal to interest bearing debt in favor of the company, plus stockholder's equity like preferred stock and common stock.
The debt-to-capital ratio formula is:
Debt-to-Capital Ratio = Total Liabitilies / Total Capital
If the company does not have any interest bearing debt in its favor, then, the formula can be written as:
Debt-to-Capital Ratio = Total Liabilities / Stockholder's Equity
Dave is working on some paperwork for his boss. The company has reported that their estimated indirect labor costs for the year are going to be $130,000, while the direct labor costs for the year will be $200,000. The estimated overhead costs for the year are expected to be $156,000. If overhead is applied based on direct labor cost, what is the predetermined overhead rate for the company?
Answer:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= $1.28 per direct labor dollar
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Direct labor costs= $200,000.
The estimated overhead costs for the year are expected to be $156,000.
To calculate the predetermined overhead rate, we need to use the following formula:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= 200,000/156,000
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= $1.28 per direct labor dollar
The minimum acceptable expected rate of return on a project of a specific risk is the:________
A. project cost of capital.
B. company cost of capital.
C. risk-free rate of return.
D. project beta times market risk premium.
Answer: A. project cost of capital.
Explanation:
The project cost of capital is the minimum expected rate of project given the type of risk that is attached to it.
When a project is of a certain risk, the company will need a certain rate of return to compensate it for that risk.
This rate is the cost of capital and it is usually based on the company's Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) which measure the cost the company incurs when using equity and debt to raise capital.
The project cost of capital will be a rate that compensates the company enough to enable it compensate its capital providers.
Exercise 2-54 (Static) Gross Margin and Contribution Margin Income Statements (LO 2-7) The following data are from the accounting records of Niles Castings for year 2. Units produced and sold 85,000 Total revenues and costs Sales revenue $ 264,000 Direct materials costs 68,000 Direct labor costs 34,000 Variable manufacturing overhead 17,000 Fixed manufacturing overhead 44,000 Variable marketing and administrative costs 13,600 Fixed marketing and administrative costs 32,000 Required: a. Prepare a gross margin income statement. b. Prepare a contribution margin income statement.
Answer:
a. Prepare a gross margin income statement.
Sales revenue $264,000
Less Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of Goods Manufactured ($163,000)
Gross Profit $101,000
Less Expenses :
Variable marketing and administrative costs ($13,600)
Fixed marketing and administrative costs ($32,000)
Net Income/ (Loss) $55,400
b. Prepare a contribution margin income statement.
Sales revenue $264,000
Less Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of Goods Manufactured ($119,000)
Contribution $145,000
Less Expenses :
Fixed manufacturing overhead ($44,000)
Variable marketing and administrative costs ($13,600)
Fixed marketing and administrative costs ($32,000)
Net Income/ (Loss) $55,400
Explanation:
Manufacturing Costs Schedule - Absorption Costing
Direct materials $68,000
Direct labor $34,000
Variable manufacturing overhead $17,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead $44,000
Total Manufacturing Costs $163,000
This is the costs of sales for gross margin income statement.
Manufacturing Costs Schedule - Variable Costing
Direct materials $68,000
Direct labor $34,000
Variable manufacturing overhead $17,000
Total Manufacturing Costs $119,000
This is the cost of sales for contribution margin income statement.
is your place of work a business or a non profit organization ?
Answer:
my place of work is a business
14. The Martins used records of their past expenditures to complete their budget
sheet for the upcoming new year. If their average monthly living expenses are
$912, their fixed monthly expenses averaged $1,457, and their annual expenses
are $3,078, what amount should they expect to spend monthly?
Answer:
Expected monthly expenses = $2369
Given:
Average monthly living expenses = $912
Fixed monthly expenses = $1,457
Annual expenses = $3,078
Find:
Expected monthly expenses
Computation:
Expected monthly expenses = Average monthly living expenses + Fixed monthly expenses
Expected monthly expenses = $912 + $1457
Expected monthly expenses = $2369
You are 20 years old and have completed your BBA and want to pursue further education but you don’t want to take money from your father. Your plan is to start working and earn enough money so that you can finance your degree on your own and get yourself enrolled in five years’ time. You estimate that the annual cost of doing an MBA 5 years from today will be PKR 400,000 and the program will be two years long. You will need the money at the beginning your program so that you are not worried about how to clear your dues during your studies. Luckily you go for a job interview and they hire you and you start working at a salary of PKR 25,000. So you decide that 50% you will deposit in a saving account at a 10% rate with monthly compounding for your further studies and the remaining amount you will use for your daily expenses.
1. Will you be able to meet your goal at this current saving rate?
2. What percentage of your salary should you save if you want to have exactly your university expenses amount?
3. How would your answer to part 1 change if the saving account rate changed to 5%?Comment on your answer.
4. If you are given an option to invest at the 10% saving rate with monthly compounding or 10.5% semiannual compounding, which would you chose? Explain your answer.
Answer:
1. Will you be able to meet your goal at this current saving rate?
yes, you will even have some spare moneyannual cost of MBA = 400,000 x 2 years = 800,000
monthly salary = 25,000 and you will deposit 12,500
ordinary annuity, 0.8333%, 59 periods (5 years - 1 month) = 75.80535
the future value of your account = 12,500 x 75.80535 = 947,566.88 which is more than the cost of the MBA
2. What percentage of your salary should you save if you want to have exactly your university expenses amount?
42.2138%800,000 / 75.80535 = 10,553.34
10,553.34 / 25,000 = 0.422138 = 42.2138%
3. How would your answer to part 1 change if the saving account rate changed to 5%?
actually you still have more money than what you need even if the interest rate falls to 5%, so you can still take your MBAmonthly salary = 25,000 and you will deposit 12,500
ordinary annuity, 0.41666%, 59 periods (5 years - 1 month) = 66.72805
the future value of your account = 12,500 x 66.72805 = 834,100.63 which is more than the cost of the MBA
4. If you are given an option to invest at the 10% saving rate with monthly compounding or 10.5% semiannual compounding, which would you chose?
I would choose the 10.5% semiannual compounding because the effective interest rate is higher.the effective interest rate of investing at 10% compounded monthly = (1 + 10%/12)¹² - 1 = 10.47%
the effective interest rate of investing at 10.5% compounded semiannually = (1 + 10.5%/2)² - 1 = 10.77%
What would be a government controlled sector of the economy.
In a _____ organizational structure, project managers work full-time on projects, while team members report to both functional managers and project managers
Answer:
Strong matrix
Explanation:
Cyber Security Systems had sales of 3,300 units at $65 per unit last year. The marketing manager projects a 20 percent increase in unit volume sales this year with a 40 percent price increase. Returned merchandise will represent 10 percent of total sales. What is your net dollar sales projection for this year?
Answer:
$324,324
Explanation:
Next year projected sales = 3300 * ( 1 + 0.20)
= 3300 * 1.20
= 3960 units
Next year price = 55 * (1+0.40)
= 65 * 1.40
= $91
Total sales = 3960 * $91
Total sales = $360,360
Sales return = $360,360 * 10% = $36,036
Net sales = Total sales - Sales Return
Net sales = $360,360 - $36,036
Net sales = $324,324
1. Sid bought a new $1,500,000 seven-year class asset on August 2, 2020. On December 2, 2020, he purchased $900,000 of used five-year class assets. If Sid elects Sec. 179 and does not take additional first-year depreciation, what is the maximum cost recovery deduction for these purchases for 2020
Answer:
Total cost recovery deduction = 1251450
Explanation:
Given the seven-year class asset bought by the Sid = $1500000
On 2nd December the five-year class asset bought = $900000
Now we have to find the cost recovery deduction for 2020.
900000/(900000 + 1500000) = 37.5% Thus, use half-year convention and avoid mid quarter
1500000 – 1,000,000 (Sec 179 limit) = 500000
500000 x 14.29% = 71450
900,000 x 20% = 180,000
1,000,000 + 71450 + 180,000
Cost recovery for 7 year asset = 1,071450
Cost recovery 5 year asset = 180000
Total cost recovery deduction = 1251450
What is the capacity of the machine in batches unfinished batch?
Complete Question:
You are considering the purchase of a new machine to help produce a new product line being introduced. The machine is expected to have a setup time of 10 minutes per batch and a processing time of 2 minutes per part. You plan to have batch sizes of 50 parts. The plant operates 8 hours per day.
What is the capacity of the machine in batches per day?
Answer:
The capacity of the machine in batches = 4 batches per day.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Set up time per batch = 10 minutes
Processing time per part = 2 minutes
Batch sizes = 50 parts
Plant operation = 8 hours per day
b) Capacity in batches per day:
Total batch time = 10 + 50 * 2 = 110 minutes
Total minutes of operation per day = 8 * 60 = 480 minutes
Capacity in batches = 480/110 = 4.36 or approximately 4 batches
c) Each batch produces 50 parts with each part taking some 2 minutes and an additional batch setup time of 10 minutes, giving a total of 110 minutes per batch. Since there are some 480 (8 * 60) minutes available per day, it means that the entity can only run about 4 batches (480/110) per day. These 4 batches will consume a total of 440 minutes (110 x 4), leaving some 40 minutes as unutilized time.
The exchange rate for a nation's currency will usually remain constant or increase if
the supply of currency increases, but the demand does not.
the balance of payments is favorable.
the balance of payments is unfavorable.
inflation increases.
Answer:
B. The balance of payments is favorable
Explanation:
A benefit paid for a limited time to eligible workers who are involuntarily unemployed is known as:
The following data have been recorded for recently completed Job 450 on its job cost sheet. Direct materials cost was $2,049. A total of 35 direct labor-hours and 195 machine-hours were worked on the job. The direct labor wage rate is $21 per labor-hour. The Corporation applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of machine-hours. The predetermined overhead rate is $24 per machine-hour. The total cost for the job on its job cost sheet would be:
Answer:
Total cost= $7,464
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Job 450:
Direct materials= $2,049
35 direct labor-hours
195 machine-hours
The direct labor wage rate is $21 per labor-hour.
The predetermined overhead rate is $24 per machine-hour.
The total cost is calculated using the following formula:
Total cost= direct material + direct labor + allocated overhead
Total cost= 2,049 + 35*21 + 195*24
Total cost= 2,049 + 735 + 4,680
Total cost= $7,464
If Lola Harper had the following itemized deductions, should she use Schedule A or the standard deduction? The standard deduction for her tax situation is $12,000. Tax Deductions Donations to church and other charities $6,180 Medical and dental expenses exceeding 10 percent of adjusted gross income 2,660 State income tax 4,820
Answer:
To determine whether she should use schedule A or standard deduction, we should add qualifying itemized deductions and should compare total standard deduction .
Therefore, Total itemized deductions = Donations + Medical and dental expenses + State income + Job expenses
Substitution of given values
Total itemized deductions = $1,200 + $6,180 + $2,660 + $4,820
Total itemized deductions = $14,860
Conclusion: in this case total itemized deduction of $14,860 is more than standard deduction of $12000 . So, Lola Harper should use schedule A compared to standard deduction.
Select the correct answer. Adalyn wants to find a job in Education and Training. She has excellent analytical thinking and leadership skills, but she does not want to work directly with students. Which career would be the best option for her? A. curriculum developer B. high school teacher C. school counselor D. speech-language pathologist
Answer:
Curriculum
becasue it is the only job where she does not interact with students.
Answer:
A curriculum because
Why do companies use predetermined overhead rates rather than actual manufacturing overhaed costs to apply overhead to job?
Answer:
to avoid delaying the product costing exercise.
Explanation:
The actual overhead costs are usually not readily available when costing a product. Waiting for the actual costs would delay the product costing exercise, thus a company uses estimates (predetermined overhead rates) and later adjust for the over or under - application when actual information is available.
Alumbat Corporation has $800,000 in debt outstanding, and pays an interest rate of 10 percent annually on its bank loan. Alumbat's annual sales are $3,200,000, its average tax rate is 40 percent, and its net profit margin on sales is 6 percent. If the company does not maintain a TIE ratio of at least 4 times, its bank will refuse to renew its loan, and bankruptcy will result. Alumbat's current times interest earned ratio is:
Answer: 5.0
Explanation:
Times interest earned ratio = Earnings before Interest and Tax / interest
Interest = 800,000 * 10%
= $80,000
Net Income = 6% of sales
= 6% * 3,200,000
= $192,000
Taxes are accounted for already so to get the taxable income;
Earnings before tax = 192,000 / ( 1 - Tax rate)
= 192,000 / ( 1 - 0.4)
= $320,000
Earnings before Interest and Tax = 320,000 + 80,000
= $400,000
Times interest earned ratio = 400,000/80,000
= 5.0
The W-4 tax form is used to ___________.
Answer:
Employees fill out a W-4 form to let employers know how much tax to withhold from their paycheck based on filing status, dependents, anticipated tax credits and deductions, etc. If you don't fill it out correctly, you may end up owing taxes when you file your return.
Explanation:
The form of W-4 tax is used to report to the employers about how much amount he/ she has to retained from his/her remuneration or paycheck.
What is a tax return?A tax return is a document being filed by all the taxpayers to the tax authorities on yearly basis. They have to specify all the details of their incomes earned in a year in that form.
W-4 tax form is one of the being submitted by the employee stating all the details of their incomes, applicable exemptions, credits, etc. to the employer. This should be done to inform the employer about what amount he/she has to withheld from their final monthly paycheck. In case the employee fails to file the form on time, then he/she has to give more taxes.
Therefore, the W-4 tax form is actually the withholding certificate filed by the employee to the employer.
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If a family spends its entire budget in a given time frame, the family can afford either 90 cans of soup or 60 frozen dinners. Assuming the family spends its entire budget on just these two goods, what is the opportunity cost of one extra can of soup in the time frame?\
Answer:
60 frozen dinners is better
Explanation:
uction Services started the year with total assets of and total liabilities of . The revenues and the expenses for the year amounted to and , respectively. During the year, the company did not issue any common stock, but it distributed dividends of . Calculate Dynamic's net income for the year.
Answer: $20,000
Explanation:
Net Income is the amount from revenue that the company made over expenses. It is therefore;
= Revenue - Expenses
= 110,000 - 90,000
= $20,000
Note: Dividends are not considered in the calculation of Net Income as they are not expenses.
The Coca-cola company reported its 1Q-2014 results on or before April 12,204
a. True
b. False
What is the correct entry for a $100 purchase of supplies on credit?
a) Debit Cash: $100 & Credit Supplies: $100
b) Debit Accounts Payable: $100 & Credit Cash: $100
c) Debit Supplies: $100 & Credit Accounts Payable: $100 Debit Accounts Payable: $100 & Credit Supplies: $100
d) Debit Accounts Receivable: $100 & Credit Cash: $100
the correct answer to this problem is c
The entry will include Debit Supplies for $100 and Credit Accounts Payable for $100.
A purchase of supplies on credit will be treated as Account payable under journal entry because you are the Debtor will $100 for supplier who is the Creditor.
Thus, the journal entry is recorded as below.Date Account & Explanation Debit Credit
Supplies $100
Account payable $100
(Being a record to record purchase credit)
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A company rents office space for $10,000. The company hasn’t yet recorded payment as an expense in the financial statements because it hasn’t started using the premises.
The agency problem exists primarily in companies of which:__________.
a. ownership is widely dispersed
b. common stock is closely held
c. management has stock ownership
d. both a & c
Answer: a. ownership is widely dispersed
Explanation:
When ownership of a company is widely dispersed, it means that there are few major holders of stock and no majority shareholder.
This can lead to more instances of the Agency problem ( managers acting for their own welfare instead of that of the shareholders) as there will be fewer people able to call the managers to book unilaterally. The managers will therefore feel more empowered to do as they please.
Gatwick Ltd. has after tax profits (net income) of $500,000 and no debt. The owners have a $6 million investment in the business. If they borrow $2 million at 10% and use it to retire stock, how will the return on their investment (equity) change if earnings before interest and taxes remains the same
Answer:
Return on equity would increase from 8.33% to 9.50%
Explanation:
The tax rate of 40% is missing from the question.
Return on equity prior to share repurchase=$500,000/$6,000,000
Return on equity prior to share repurchase=8.33%
With the issue of debt finance of $2,000,000, the after-tax interest expense is computed thus:
after-tax interest expense=$2,000,000*10%*(1-40%)=120000
adjusted net income=$500,000-$120,000=$380,000
new common stock=$6,000,000-$2,000,000=$4,000,000
adjusted return on equity=$380,000/$4,000,000=9.50%
For 2019, Bargain Basement Stores reported $11,500 of sales and $5,000 of operating costs (including depreciation). The company has $20,500 of total invested capital, the weighted average cost of that capital (the WACC) was 11%, and the federal-plus-state income tax rate was 25%. What was the firm's Economic Value Added (EVA), i.e., how much value did management add to stockholders' wealth during 2019
Answer:
Economic Value Added (EVA) = $2,620
Explanation:
WACC = 11%
Capital = $20,500
Sales = $11,500
Operating cost = $5,000
Tax rate = 25%
EBIT = Sales - Operating cost
EBIT = $11,500 - $5,000
EBIT = $6,500
Economic Value Added (EVA) = EBIT (1 - T) - (WACC * Capital)
Economic Value Added (EVA) = 6,500*( 1 - 0.25) - (0.11 * $20,500)
Economic Value Added (EVA) = $4,875 - $2,255
Economic Value Added (EVA) = $2,620
"For the past 5 years, an individual earning $40,000 per year, who was not covered by another retirement plan, has made annual contributions to an Individual Retirement Account. That individual has changed jobs at the same salary and has been included in that company's qualified retirement plan. Which statement is TRUE?"
The available options are:
A. Annual contributions to the Individual Retirement Account must cease
B. Annual contributions to the Individual Retirement Account can continue and are an adjustment to income each year
C. Annual contributions to the Individual Retirement Account can continue but no adjustment to income is allowed
D. The employee has 60 days to roll over the funds from the IRA to the qualified plan in order to maintain tax deferred status
Answer:
Annual contributions to the Individual Retirement Account can continue and are an adjustment to income each year
Explanation:
Given that, the individual involved makes $40,000 per year, therefore, the IRA contribution is tax deductible. This is because, the phase out range in 2020 for singles, where the contribution is not tax deductible is an income of above $75,000 per year, which is exactly between $65,000 - $75,000.
Hence, in this case, the correct answer is option B. Annual contributions to the Individual Retirement Account can continue and are an adjustment to income each year
What are the three primary sources of assets?The three primary sources of assets are(1) investments by owners (issue of stock),(2) borrowing from creditors, and(3) earnings activities.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The three main sources of assets for a business are:
investments by owners (total paid in capital), refers to the money that the owners are willing to invest in the company and it should be used to finance operating activities. borrowing from creditors, refers to both long term and short liabilities that allow the company to increase their assets, e.g. merchandise or equipment purchased on credit, or a loan. earnings activities, refers to the company's retained earnings from previous years that is reinvested in new or existing projects.