0cm3 of acid were mixed with 60cm3 of alkali in an insulated container. The average temperature of the two solutions before they were mixed was 19.5°C. The temperature after mixing was 27.5°C. Was this an exothermic or an endothermic reaction?
Answer: Endothermic reaction.
Explanation: An endothermic reaction is any chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its environment. In this reaction, the temperature of the mixture raised from 19.5°C to 27.5°C, which means there was an increase of heat, ergo, it is an endothermic reaction.
Growth media are used to grow microorganisms in a lab setting. Some media are liquids; others are more solid or gel-like. A growth medium provides nutrients, including water, various salts, a source of carbon (like glucose), and a source of nitrogen and amino acids (like yeast extract) so microorganisms can grow and reproduce. Ingredients in a growth medium can be modified to grow unique types of microorganisms. For example; _____is a general-purpose, non-selective growth media, _____is a non selective, enriched growth medium with red blood cells that have been lysed by heat, Columbia Nalidixic Acid (CNA) and _____are selective agar for Gram positive organisms and ______agar is a selective agar for Gram negative organisms, Mannitol salt agar MSA is a commonly used selective and differential growth medium that encourages the growth of bacteria that ferments mannitol, and _____is an example of a liquid that supports growth of a variety of organisms.
Answer:
Growth media are used to grow microorganisms in a lab setting. Some media are liquids; others are more solid or gel-like. A growth medium provides nutrients, including water, various salts, a source of carbon (like glucose), and a source of nitrogen and amino acids (like yeast extract) so microorganisms can grow and reproduce. Ingredients in a growth medium can be modified to grow unique types of microorganisms. For example; Nutrient agar is a general-purpose, non-selective growth media, Chocolate agar is a non selective, enriched growth medium with red blood cells that have been lysed by heat, Columbia Nalidixic Acid (CNA) and Mannitol Salt agar are selective agar for Gram positive organisms and MacConkey agar is a selective agar for Gram negative organisms, Mannitol salt agar MSA is a commonly used selective and differential growth medium that encourages the growth of bacteria that ferments mannitol, Nutrient broth is an example of a liquid that supports growth of a variety of organisms.
Explanation:
Growth media are classified based on their composition as:
1. General Purpose Media: These type of media support the growth of non-fastidious organisms, that do not require special nutrients for growth, and they also serve as a base for certain modified media. An example is the nutrient agar
2. enriched media: these media, like the name implies, is one that has been modified by the addition of special growth factors and nutrients called enrichment. An example is chocolate agar where lysed blood is added to nutrient base agar, when the blood cells are lysed slowly at 80°C, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (factor V or NAD) and hemin (factor X), are released into the medium, and these support growth of certain fastidious organisms like Haemophilus influenza bacteria.
3. Selective media: These kinds of media contain substances that support the growth of certain organisms while in turn preventing the growth of others due to the presence of certain inhibitory factors. Examples are: Mannitol Salt Agar, which supports growth of Gram-positive organisms and MacConkey agar, which supports the growth of Gram-positive organisms
4. Non Selective media: These type of media have no biases against the growth of certain organisms, that is, they do not contain certain inhibitory factors that impede the growth of certain organisms.
5. Differential media: These media contain chromogenic agents that change colour and helps to differentiate one organism from the other, making for ease of identification especially for organisms with similar properties.
Finally, a broth is a growth medium that fo not contain agar, hence, it is liquid and not solid.
What makes a hypothesis scientifically
Answer:
The basic idea of a hypothesis is that there is no pre-determined outcome. For a hypothesis to be termed a scientific hypothesis, it has to be something that can be supported or refuted through carefully crafted experimentation or observation
Explanation:
A hypothesis is an educated guess. When scientist make a hypothesis, it gives them a reason to make an experiment to decide whether its accepted or not and they also learn more about that certain subject while doing so. When scientist make a hypothesis, it gives them a reason to make an experiment to decide whether its accepted or not and they also learn more about that certain subject while doing so. Comments
Answer:
Click on this:
What is a reaction center?
what are the materials needed for respiration to occur
Answer:
Glucose + oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂0
Explanation:
Glucose and oxygen and the reactants required for respiration to occur and as a result of respiration carbon dioxide and water are both formed as products.
State the characteristic of tracheoles that help with gaseous exchange
in insects.
Answer:
made up of a single epithelium layer to allow diffusion of gases.terminal ends of fine tracheoles are filled with a fluid in which gases dissolve and therefore transported in solution formIn a species of chickens, incomplete dominance between alleles for black (B) and white(w) feathers
is observed. Heterozygotes are blue.
• If two blue chickens are crossed, what is the probability that the offspring will be blue.
Answer:
1/2
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for feather color in chickens. The black allele (B) is incompletely dominant over the white allele (W). This means that the allele B will not mask the phenotypic expression of allele W, hence, a third intermediate blue phenotype (BW) will be produced.
According to the question, if two blue chickens are crossed i.e. BW × BW, the gametes B and W will be produced by each parent. Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), the following offsprings will be produced:
BB, BW and WW in the ratio 1:2:1
BB is black, BW is blue, WW is white. Hence, the probability of producing a blue chicken from this cross is 1/2.
Study the map. Which plate forms a boundary with the African Plate?
Answer:
down below
Explanation:
The western edge of the African Plate is a divergent boundary with the North American Plate to the north and the South American Plate to the south which forms the central and southern part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Answer:
south american
Explanation:
What happens when someone's brain has a low level of neurotransmitters?
A. Motor neurons aren't able to send messages to muscles,
O B. Action potentials can't form in the sensory neurons.
O C. The nervous system can't create hormones,
O D. Neurons aren't able to communicate with each other.
Answer:
Neurons aren't able to communicate with each other.
Answer: D
Explanation:
which of the following describes research that would be considered basic science
Answer:
B. A professor is studying fish
why the process of photosynthesis is important to life on Earth?
Answer:
Photosynthesis captures light energy from the Sun and stores it in the bonds of glucose, which is then used during cellular respiration to drive the formation of ATP in all plants and animals.
hope this can help you .
While you and your classmate are studying for your biological anthropology midterm, your classmate tells you that the bones of Lucy, a famous australopithecine specimen that dates to about 3.2 million years ago, were dated based on carbon-14 analysis. Why is this incorrect?
The options for this incomplete question are :
Fossils are living organisms that have wholly or partially been transformed into rock.
Lucy does not have bones with organic material necessary for carbon-14 dating.
This specimen is also far too old for C-14 dating to be accurate, as well as for any other technique but palaeomagnetic dating.
Your classmate is therefore incorrect for all of the reasons listed. (All of the above)
Answer:
The correct answer is - all of the above reasons.
Explanation:
Fossils are living life forms that have completely or mostly been changed into the rock during the process of fossilization. Lucy doesn't have bones with organic material that are essential to use the carbon 14 dating technique.
This example is additionally very old for C-14 dating to be exact, just as for some other method, however, palaeomagnetic dating can do the job of dating in this case.
Thus, the correct answer is - all of the above reasons.
What do these characteristics all have in common?
These genetic traits can all be easily observed
The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resulting of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Calcification Ghon tubercles Formation of granulomas Activation of macrophages Antigen-antibody complexes
Answer:
The macrophages have a in the calcification process, which generates the inflammatory processes. The Ghon tubercles is a lung lesion caused in tuberculosis that consists of a focus of calcification in conjunction with a lymph node infection. A granuloma is a mass of immune cells that forms when the immune system tries to isolate foreign substances.Macrophages can be activated by a variety of stimuli during the immune response. The antigen-antibody (Ag-Ac) reaction is one of the molecular reactions in the body's immune response.Explanation:
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that almost always affects the lungs. When the active form of the disease is present, symptoms (cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, etc.) can be mild for many months. If not treated properly, Tuberculosis can be fatal.
Macrophages are a type of white blood cell found in the blood and they are the first body's defense against foreign substances. So they are effector cells of the immune system, the main players in the innate immune response.
When M. Tuberculosis infects a person, it attacks this first-response immune cells in the lungs, the macrophages. When they recognize these pathogens, macrophages produce the cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α, which cause the inflammation itself by acting on the endothelial cells of the nearby blood vessels to allow the transendothelial migration of the leukocytes. The inflammation t is a non-specific response to environmental aggressions, and its purpose is the isolation and destruction of the damaging agent, as well as repairing the damaged tissue or organ.
The macrophages have a in the calcification process, which generates the inflammatory processes. The Ghon tubercles is a lung lesion caused in tuberculosis that consists of a focus of calcification in conjunction with a lymph node infection. These lesions are especially common in children and may retain viable bacteria, so they are sources of disease transmission and may also be associated with classic tuberculosis reactivation after several years of inactivity.A granuloma is a roughly spherical mass of immune cells that forms when the immune system tries to isolate foreign substances that it has been unable to eliminate. Therefore it is a special type of inflammation that can occur in a wide variety of diseases. Infections that are characterized by granulomas include tuberculosis, but also include for example leprosy, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, and cat scratch disease.Macrophages are usually in a resting state, they can be activated by a variety of stimuli during the immune response. Antigen phagocytosis serves as an initial stimulus; however, macrophages and their activity can be increased by cytokines secreted by, or through contact with, helper T-lymphocytes. One of the most powerful macrophage activators is gamma interferon. They are also able to recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens. M. tuberculosis is a pathogen that contains Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS), which are small sequences of molecules that repeat in groups of pathogens. They are recognised by Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which include the Toll-like receptor (TLRs) family or the NOD-like receptors (NLRs). Once the receptors found in the macrophages recognize these PAMPS, the macrophages are activated are ready to perform an immune response.The antigen-antibody (Ag-Ac) reaction is one of the molecular reactions in the body's immune response. The concept refers to the specific binding of an antibody to an antigen to inhibit or delay its toxicity. When the macrophage recognizes a pathogen, it phagocytes it and degrades it, and presents its peptides to a T cell. This can activate a cytotoxic response, causing apoptosis of infected cells. Or, the T cell may activate a B cell to produce antibodies. Antibodies are proteins whose function is to detect any foreign elements that may enter the body. They normally detect specific parts of these elements, for example, proteins from the surface of bacteria or viruses. When antibodies bind to these foreign proteins, they act as a marker, making it easier for them to be recognised and eliminated by the cells of the immune system.You are comparing two samples of the octopus genome, one from an octopus that can make ink (sample 1), and one from an Octopus that can't
make ink (sample 2). You notice the one who can't make ink has a mutation Sample 1: ATTACAGTACTGGCA Sample 2: ATTACAATACTGGCA
Looking at the sequences carefully you determine it is a
mutation
A. Insertion
B. Substitution
C. Deletion
D. Inversion
helloo guysss pleaseeee help with this one
Answer
Uses of yeast
Fermentation BiomassGlycerol Alcoholic beverageYeast is found on the outer surface of sugary substances like fruits and grains.
Hope it helps :)
Answer:
i'm not in my biology class yet
Explanation:
i trust this thou Uses of yeast
Fermentation
Biomass
Glycerol
Alcoholic beverage
Yeast is found on the outer surface of sugary substances like fruits and grains.
Hope it helps :)
What would happen if sex cells underwent mitosis instead of meiosis
Answer:
If gametes (sperm and egg) were made by mitosis, then they would be diploid. ... A tetraploid zygote is not viable and will most likely miscarriage.
Explanation:
What type of data is recorded by the electrocardiograph?
Answer:
Electrical signals from your heart to check for conditions and illnesses that can be detected by this data.
In response to high amounts of phosphate transport into the cell: a. PhoR is phosphorylated by the phosphate transporter protein Pst b. PhoR binds with PhoB to remove PhoB repression of phosphate regulon genes c. PhoR is exported out of the cell to scavenge phosphate molecules d. PhoU changes conformation to allow PhoR to autophosphorylate e. PhoU keeps PhoR bound to the phosphate transporter protein Pst
Answer:
e. PhoU keeps PhoR bound to the phosphate transporter protein Pst
Explanation:
PhoU is a membrane protein known to regulate the transport of phosphate (Pi) between cellular compartments. It has been discovered that mutations in this protein cause lethality because the cell becomes incapable of controlling the intracellular levels of Pi, this being toxic for the cell. PhoR is a histidine kinase/phosphatase. When the Pi level is considered to be a limiting factor, PhoR autophosphorylates at a histidine residue and then donates its phosphoryl group to PhoB. On the other hand, when the Pi level is high, this protein removes the phosphoryl group from phospho-PhoB. Finally, the Pst is a signal transduction protein that acts as a transporter capable of switching its conformation during the transport of PI.
Based on the information in the graph, what conclusions can be drawn about the rate of skin cancer in men
compared to that in women?
than in women
Answer:
The correct answer is - Skin cancer increased at a faster rate in men than in women.
Explanation:
Skin malignant growth is the most well-known disease in the entirety of mankind. Although white and albino skinned person individuals have a more possibility of building up this malignancy, consistent exposure to the sun with no skin security has caused an expansion in instances of skin disease regardless to the person's skin shading.
In spite of being a typical disease in ladies, skin malignancy has been developing exponentially among men as of late. This is primarily on the grounds that ladies will in general take more consideration of their skin and ensure it more regularly than men.
Thus, the correct answer is - Skin cancer increased at a faster rate in men than in women.
Together, the stages of cellular respiration break down one molecule of ___ to generate a total of ____ molecules of ATP. The remaining energy is released as __ .
Answer:
1) Glucose
2) 36
3) Heat
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that every living organism undergo. It is the process by which energy is obtained by living cells. In the process of celluar respiration, energy-storing food molecule called Glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen in order to release its energy and convert it to a usable form by the cell called ATP.
Celluar respiration occurs in three distinct stages in eukaryotes viz: Glycolysis Kreb's cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation. In Glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm, glucose is broken down in a series of enzymatic reaction to yield Pyruvate and releasing a net gain of 2 ATP molecules. In Kreb's cycle, which occurs in the mitochondrion, produces carbondioxide in a two-cycled reaction involving Pyruvate. 2 ATPs are also produced in this stage.
Lastly, in Oxidative phosphorylation also occuring in the mitochondrion, electrons are passed through electron acceptors to create a pump that generates the synthesis of 32 ATP molecules. In general, the three stages yield a total of 36ATP molecules from one molecule of GLUCOSE.
The rest of the energy from the oxidation of glucose is lost as heat energy, which is responsible for the warming effect we feel.
When did people begin to notice that coastlines if continents fit together like a puzzle
a. when satellite begin taking pictures of earth from space
b. when Alfred Wegener propose the idea of continental drift
c. when early explorers traveled from Europe and Asia to the Americas
d. when geologists first started examining the fossil record of South America
Answer:
B. When Alfred Wegener propose the idea of continental drift
Explanation:
The first true explanation came from Alfred Wegener, who proposed the Plate Tectonic Theory. This theory stated, in a nutshell, that the continents different pieces that collided together at faults.
Technically, explorers found out this way back. If you consider this the answer choice, then C is your best answer.
Answer:
its c
your welcome
Which method is most likely used to identify what happened before the start of the Paleozoic era? Scientists study fossils from the Jurassic period. Scientists observe index fossil records of the Mesozoic era. Scientists examine fossil evidence during the Precambrian time. Scientists explore the emergence of mammals and humans in the Cenozoic era.
Scientists examining the fossil evidence during the Precambrian time is used to identify what happened before the start of the Paleozoic era.
What is Precambrian time?This is defined as the period of time which extends from about 4.6 billion years ago.
Due to the wide difference in time present, its fossil is used to identify what happened before the start of the Paleozoic era which is why option C was chosen.
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Scientists examine fossil evidence during the Precambrian time, is used to know observation before the start of the Paleozoic era, hence option C is correct.
What is fossil evidence during the Precambrian time?Prior to 541 million years ago, the Precambrian was known as the "Age of Early Life." The oceans of the planet were home to soft-bodied animals like worms and jellyfish.
The land remained uncultivated. Microorganisms, primitive creatures, and stromatolites, mats of algae, are typical Precambrian fossils.
They may be able to determine what occurred before the Paleozoic era by doing research on events during the Precambrian period.
Therefore, scientists examine fossil evidence during the Precambrian time, hence option C is correct.
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What is a pH in biology?
Answer:
pH is the measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. It measures how acidic or how basic a solution is, on a scale of 0 to 14, where less than 7 is acidic, 7 is neutral, and greater than 7 is basic.
Answer:
A quantitative measure of an acid or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions. also stands for power of hydrogen
1. Which of the following is NOT a result of convection current? a) The air in a room is cooled by an air conditioner b) Wind blows towards the beach from the sea. c) The water in a kettle is heated and boils d) The wax covering an iron rod melts when the rod is heated.
Answer:
its D
Explanation:
because conduction happens through solids and the others are obviously conventional current
The wax covering an iron rod melts when the rod is heated ( D ) is not a result of convection current
Convection is the transfer of heat energy from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration and it occurs in fluids and gases. while conduction is the transfer of heat energy from one object to another through the direct contact of the objects and this occurs between solids.
The transfer of heat from the heated rod to the wax covering occurs because of the direct contact the wax has with the heated rod therefore it is conduction and not a convection current.
Hence we can conclude that The wax covering an iron rod melts when the rod is heated is not a result of convection current
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Which piece of evidence supports the theory of continental drift? A. similar animal fossils found in South America and Africa B. transform boundaries found near tropical coastal regions C. large deposits of volcanic rocks found on the ocean floor D. fossils of plants that typically grew in Arctic climates found in Africa
There are 4 types of biomes.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
T
F
Answer:
False
Explanation:
The image shows sedimentary rock layers with index fossils and a fault.
Rock layer diagram. 5 layers on each side of a fault. Layers 1 to 5, top to bottom on the left, layers 6 to 10, top to bottom on the right. The following pairs are the same: 1 and 8; 2 and 9; 3 and 6; 4 and 7. Layers 5 and 10 do not have matches.
Which statement accurately describes the rock layers?
Layer 8 is older than layer 1.
Layer 3 is younger than layer 6.
Layer 4 and layer 10 are the same relative age.
Layer 2 and layer 9 are the same relative age.
Answer:
Faulting created the differences in layers, and layers 2 and 9 are the same age, so the correct answer is D.
Explanation: I just took the test : )
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Which of the following did you include in your response?
predator-prey relationships
competition
new habitat
increased food source
new situations allow a variety of traits to be favorable
The main point of environmental habitual life depends on the area an organism lives in.
Answer:
environmental habitual life depends on the area an organism lives in.
Explanation:
14. The first system to classify blood types is known as which of the following?
O A-S-R system
O B-D-G system
O A-B-O system
O C-O-V system
Sion
sion
Answer:
A-S-R system
Explanation:
A-S-R system
Answer:
a-s-r
Explanation:
a-s-r