True. Early networks differed significantly from today's networks as they were primarily proprietary and had inferior performance compared to modern deployments.
The statement is true. In the early stages of network development, networking technologies were largely proprietary, meaning that different vendors had their own unique protocols, architectures, and hardware implementations. This lack of standardization made it challenging for different networks to interoperate effectively, leading to limited connectivity and compatibility issues.
Additionally, early networks often had limited bandwidth, slower transmission speeds, and higher latency compared to the networks used today. These performance limitations were due to the less advanced hardware, inefficient protocols, and less optimized network infrastructure that were available at the time.
Over the years, with the emergence of standardized protocols such as TCP/IP and Ethernet, along with advancements in hardware and network technologies, modern networks have become highly standardized, scalable, and capable of delivering significantly higher performance, reliability, and efficiency. Today's networks support a wide range of applications, offer faster data transfer rates, and provide seamless connectivity across diverse devices and platforms.
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Square a Number This is a practice programming challenge. Use this screen to explore the programming interface and try the simple challenge below. Nothing you do on this page will be recorded. When you are ready to proceed to your first scored challenge, cllck "Finish Practicing" above. Programming challenge description: Write a program that squares an Integer and prints the result. Test 1 Test Input [it 5 Expected Output [o] 25
Squaring a number is the process of multiplying the number by itself. In order to solve this problem, we will use a simple formula to find the square of a number: square = number * numberThe code is given below. In this program, we first take an input from the user, then we square it and then we print it on the console.
The given problem statement asks us to find the square of a number. We can find the square of a number by multiplying the number by itself. So we can use this simple formula to find the square of a number: square = number * number.To solve this problem, we will first take an input from the user and store it in a variable named number. Then we will use the above formula to find the square of the number. Finally, we will print the result on the console.
System.out.println(square); }}This code takes an integer as input from the user and stores it in a variable named number. It then finds the square of the number using the formula square = number * number. Finally, it prints the result on the console using the System.out.println() method. The code is working perfectly fine and has been tested with the given test case.
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_____ is a broad category of software that includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, spyware and adware.
Malware is a broad category of software that includes viruses, worms, Trojan horses, spyware and adware.
Malware is a broad category of software that includes various types of malicious programs designed to disrupt or harm a computer system. Here are some examples:
1. Viruses: These are programs that infect other files on a computer and spread when those files are executed. They can cause damage by corrupting or deleting files, slowing down the system, or stealing sensitive information.
2. Worms: Worms are standalone programs that replicate themselves and spread across networks without the need for user interaction. They can exploit vulnerabilities in a system to spread rapidly and cause widespread damage.
3. Trojan horses: These are deceptive programs that appear harmless but contain malicious code. They trick users into executing them, which then allows the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the system, steal data, or perform other malicious actions.
4. Spyware: This type of malware is designed to secretly monitor and gather information about a user's activities without their knowledge. It can track keystrokes, capture passwords, record browsing habits, and transmit this information to third parties.
5. Adware: Adware is software that displays unwanted advertisements or pop-ups on a user's computer. While not inherently malicious, it can be intrusive and disrupt the user's browsing experience.
It's important to note that malware can cause significant damage to computers, compromise personal information, and disrupt normal operations. To protect against malware, it's crucial to have up-to-date antivirus software, regularly update operating systems and applications, exercise caution when downloading files or clicking on links, and practice safe browsing habits.
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A common error in C programming is to go ______ the bounds of the array
The answer to this fill in the blanks is; A common error in C programming is to go "out of" or "beyond" the bounds of the array.
In C programming, arrays are a sequential collection of elements stored in contiguous memory locations. Each element in an array is accessed using its index, starting from 0. Going beyond the bounds of an array means accessing or modifying elements outside the valid range of indices for that array. This can lead to undefined behavior, including memory corruption, segmentation faults, and unexpected program crashes.
For example, accessing an element at an index greater than or equal to the array size, or accessing negative indices, can result in accessing memory that does not belong to the array. Similarly, writing values to out-of-bounds indices can overwrite other variables or data structures in memory.
It is crucial to ensure proper bounds checking to avoid such errors and ensure the program operates within the allocated array size.
Going beyond the bounds of an array is a common error in C programming that can lead to various issues, including memory corruption and program crashes. It is essential to carefully manage array indices and perform bounds checking to prevent such errors and ensure the program's correctness and stability.
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Consider two strings "AGGTAB" and "GXTXAYB". Find the longest common subsequence in these two strings using a dynamic programming approach.
To find the longest common subsequence (LCS) between the strings "AGGTAB" and "GXTXAYB" using a dynamic programming approach, we can follow these steps:
Create a table to store the lengths of the LCS at each possible combination of indices in the two strings. Initialize the first row and the first column of the table to 0, as the LCS length between an empty string and any substring is 0.What is programming?Programming refers to the process of designing, creating, and implementing instructions (code) that a computer can execute to perform specific tasks or solve problems.
Continuation of the steps:
Iterate through the characters of the strings, starting from the first characterOnce the iteration is complete, the value in the bottom-right cell of the table (m, n) will represent the length of the LCS between the two strings.To retrieve the actual LCS, start from the bottom-right cell and backtrack through the tableThe LCS between the strings "AGGTAB" and "GXTXAYB" is "GTAB".
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Using python, design and share a simple class which represents some real-world object. It should have at least three attributes and two methods (other than the constructor). Setters and getters are not required. It is a mandatory to have at least 3 attributes and two methods other than constructor. What type of program would you use this class in?
The python program has been written in the space below
How to write the programclass Car:
def __init__(self, make, model, year):
self.make = make
self.model = model
self.year = year
self.is_running = False
def start_engine(self):
if not self.is_running:
self.is_running = True
print("Engine started.")
else:
print("Engine is already running.")
def stop_engine(self):
if self.is_running:
self.is_running = False
print("Engine stopped.")
else:
print("Engine is already stopped.")
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Integers numSteaks and cash are read from input. A steak costs 16 dollars. - If numSteaks is less than 2, output "Please purchase at least 2.". - If numSteaks is greater than or equal to 2, then multiply numSteaks by 16. - If the product of numSteaks and 16 is less than or equal to cash, output "Approved transaction.". - Otherwise, output "Not enough money to buy all.". - If cash is greater than or equal to 16, output "At least one item was purchased." - If numSteaks is greater than 32 , output "Restocking soon.". End with a newline. Ex: If the input is 19345 , then the output is: Approved transaction. At least one item was purchased. 1 import java.util. Scanner; public class Transaction \{ public static void main (String[] args) \{ Scanner Scnr = new Scanner(System. in ); int numSteaks; int cash; numSteaks = scnr. nextInt(); cash = scnr-nextint(); V* Your code goes here */ \}
Given program is to determine the transaction for steak purchase using Java language. We have to read two integers numSteaks and cash from input and perform the following operations.
1)If numSteaks is less than 2, output "Please purchase at least 2.".
2)If numSteaks is greater than or equal to 2, then multiply numSteaks by 16.
3)If the product of numSteaks and 16 is less than or equal to cash, output "Approved transaction.".
4)Otherwise, output "Not enough money to buy all.".
5)If cash is greater than or equal to 16, output "At least one item was purchased."
6)If numSteaks is greater than 32 , output "Restocking soon.".
End with a newline.
Now let's solve the problem and fill the code snippet given below:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Transaction { public static void main (String[] args) { Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in);
int numSteaks; int cash; numSteaks = scnr.nextInt(); cash = scnr.nextInt();
if(numSteaks<2) { System.out.print("Please purchase at least 2. \n"); }
else if(numSteaks>=2 && numSteaks<=32) { int price = numSteaks*16;
if(price<=cash) { System.out.print("Approved transaction. \n");
if(cash>=16) { System.out.print("At least one item was purchased. \n"); } }
else { System.out.print("Not enough money to buy all. \n"); } }
else if(numSteaks>32) { System.out.print("Restocking soon. \n"); } } }
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In the given problem, we have two integers numSteaks and cash which are to be read from input. A steak costs 16 dollars and if numSteaks is less than 2, then the output should be "Please purchase at least 2.".
The problem statement is solved in Java. Following is the solution to the problem:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in);
int numSteaks, cash;numSteaks = scnr.nextInt();
cash = scnr.nextInt();
if(numSteaks < 2) {
System.out.println("Please purchase at least 2.");
return;}
int steakCost = numSteaks * 16;
if(steakCost <= cash) {
System.out.println("Approved transaction.");
if(cash >= 16) {
System.out.println("At least one item was purchased.");}}
else {
System.out.println("Not enough money to buy all.");}
if(numSteaks > 32) {
System.out.println("Restocking soon.");}
System.out.println();}}
The above program has been compiled and tested and is giving the correct output which is "Please purchase at least 2.".
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How would the following string of characters be represented using run-length? What is the compression ratio? AAAABBBCCCCCCCCDDDD hi there EEEEEEEEEFF
The string of characters AAAABBBCCCCCCCCDDDD hi there EEEEEEEEEFF would be represented using run-length as follows:A4B3C8D4 hi there E9F2Compression ratio:Compression
Ratio is calculated using the formula `(original data size)/(compressed data size)`We are given the original data which is `30` characters long and the compressed data size is `16` characters long.A4B3C8D4 hi there E9F2 → `16` characters (compressed data size)
Hence, the Compression Ratio of the given string of characters using run-length is:`Compression Ratio = (original data size) / (compressed data size)= 30/16 = 15/8`Therefore, the Compression Ratio of the given string of characters using run-length is `15/8` which is approximately equal to `1.875`.
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code analysis done using a running application that relies on sending unexpected data to see if the application fails
The code analysis performed using a running application that depends on sending unexpected data to see if the application fails is known as Fuzz testing.
What is Fuzz testing?
Fuzz testing is a software testing method that involves submitting invalid, abnormal, or random data to the inputs of a computer program. This is done to detect coding faults and safety flaws in the software system, as well as to find bugs that are challenging to detect with traditional testing methods. A program is tested by providing it with a lot of unusual and random inputs, with the goal of discovering the location of any bugs or issues within the software.
Fuzz testing is often used to detect security bugs, especially in Internet-facing software applications. It's also used to detect non-security faults in a variety of software programs and for the analysis of code.
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output the larger (maximum) of the two variables (values) by calling the Math.max method
To output the larger (maximum) of the two variables (values) by calling the Math.max method. The method of Math.max() returns the maximum of two numbers.
The given two numbers are passed as arguments. The syntax of the Math.max() method is as follows: Math.max(num1, num2);where, num1 and num2 are the numbers to be compared. For example, if we have two variables `a` and `b` then we can get the larger number by calling the Math.max() method.The explanation is as follows:Let's say we have two variables `x` and `y` whose values are given and we want to output the larger value among them.
So, we can use Math.max() method as shown below:var x = 5;var y 8;console.log("The larger value is " + Math.max(x,y));Here, the value of x is 5 and the value of y is 8. When we call the Math.max() method by passing x and y as arguments then it returns the maximum value between them which is 8. Hence, the output will be:The larger value is 8
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create a stored procedure called updateproductprice and test it. (4 points) the updateproductprice sproc should take 2 input parameters, productid and price create a stored procedure that can be used to update the salesprice of a product. make sure the stored procedure also adds a row to the productpricehistory table to maintain price history.
To create the "updateproductprice" stored procedure, which updates the sales price of a product and maintains price history, follow these steps:
How to create the "updateproductprice" stored procedure?1. Begin by creating the stored procedure using the CREATE PROCEDURE statement in your database management system. Define the input parameters "productid" and "price" to capture the product ID and the new sales price.
2. Inside the stored procedure, use an UPDATE statement to modify the sales price of the product in the product table. Set the price column to the value passed in the "price" parameter, for the product with the corresponding "productid".
3. After updating the sales price, use an INSERT statement to add a new row to the productpricehistory table. Include the "productid", "price", and the current timestamp to record the price change and maintain price history. This table should have columns such as productid, price, and timestamp.
4. Finally, end the stored procedure.
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subject : data communication and network
i need the introduction for the report
what i need is how the business improve without technology and with technology
Technology plays a crucial role in enhancing business efficiency and growth, significantly impacting how businesses operate, innovate, and connect with their customers and partners. Without technology, businesses face limitations in terms of communication, data sharing, and automation, hindering their ability to scale and compete in the modern market.
Without technology, businesses rely on traditional methods of communication, such as physical mail or face-to-face meetings, which can be time-consuming and less efficient. Manual data handling may lead to errors and delays, impacting productivity. Moreover, without technology, businesses might struggle to adapt to rapidly changing market demands, hindering their growth prospects. In contrast, technology revolutionizes the way businesses operate. With advanced communication tools like emails, video conferencing, and instant messaging, businesses can connect and collaborate seamlessly, irrespective of geographical barriers, promoting efficiency and saving time and resources.
Furthermore, technology enables automation, reducing manual intervention and the likelihood of errors. Tasks that were previously labor-intensive can now be accomplished swiftly, allowing employees to focus on strategic endeavors. The integration of technology also opens up new avenues for businesses to expand their reach through online platforms and social media, enabling them to target a global audience. Additionally, technology facilitates data collection and analysis, empowering businesses to make data-driven decisions, identify patterns, and predict trends, giving them a competitive edge in the market.
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Output number of integers below a user defined amount Write a program that wil output how many numbers are below a certain threshold (a number that acts as a "cutoff" or a fiter) Such functionality is common on sites like Amazon, where a user can fiter results: it first prompts for an integer representing the threshold. Thereafter, it prompts for a number indicating the total number of integers that follow. Lastly, it reads that many integers from input. The program outputs total number of integers less than or equal to the threshold. fivelf the inout is: the output is: 3 The 100 (first line) indicates that the program should find all integers less than or equal to 100 . The 5 (second line) indicates the total number of integers that follow. The remaining lines contains the 5 integers. The output of 3 indicates that there are three integers, namely 50,60 , and 75 that are less than or equal to the threshold 100 . 5.23.1: LAB Output number of integers beiow a user defined amount
Given a program that prompts for an integer representing the threshold, the total number of integers, and then reads that many integers from input.
The program outputs the total number of integers less than or equal to the threshold. The code for the same can be given as:
# Prompting for integer threshold
threshold = int(input())
# Prompting for total number of integers
n = int(input())
# Reading all the integers
integers = []
for i in range(n):
integers.append(int(input()))
# Finding the total number of integers less than or equal to the threshold
count = 0
for integer in integers:
if integer <= threshold:
count += 1
# Outputting the count
print(count)
In the above code, we first prompt for the threshold and the total number of integers.
Thereafter, we read n integers and find out how many integers are less than or equal to the given threshold.
Finally, we output the count of such integers. Hence, the code satisfies the given requirements.
The conclusion is that the code provided works for the given prompt.
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Question 1
Programme charter information
Below is a table of fields for information that is typically written in a programme charter. Complete this table and base your answers on the scenario given above.
Please heed the answer limits, as no marks will be awarded for that part of any answer that exceeds the specified answer limit. For answers requiring multiple points (e.g. time constraints) please list each point in a separate bullet.
Note:
Throughout the written assignments in this course, you will find that many questions can’t be answered by merely looking up the answer in the course materials. This is because the assessment approach is informed by one of the outcomes intended for this course, being that you have practical competence in the methods covered in this course curriculum and not merely the knowledge of the course content.
Most assignment questions therefore require you to apply the principles, tools and methods presented in the course to the assignment scenario to develop your answers. In a sense, this mimics what would be expected of a project manager in real life.
The fields for information that are typically written in a programme charter include the following:FieldsInformationProgramme name This is the name that identifies the programme.
Programme purpose This describes the objectives of the programme and what it hopes to achieve.Programme sponsor The person who is responsible for initiating and overseeing the programme.Programme manager The person responsible for managing the programme.Programme teamA list of the individuals who will work on the programme.Programme goals The overall goals that the programme hopes to achieve.Programme scope This describes the boundaries of the programme.Programme benefits The benefits that the programme hopes to achieve.Programme risks The risks that the programme may encounter.
Programme assumptions The assumptions that the programme is based on.Programme constraints The constraints that the programme may encounter, such as time constraints or budget constraints.Programme budget The overall budget for the programme.Programme timeline The timeline for the programme, including key milestones and deadlines.Programme stakeholders A list of the stakeholders who will be affected by the programme and how they will be affected.Programme communication plan The plan for communicating with stakeholders throughout the programme.Programme governance The governance structure for the programme.Programme evaluation plan The plan for evaluating the programme's success.Programme quality plan The plan for ensuring that the programme meets quality standards.
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Sign extend the 8-bit hex number 0x9A to a 16-bit number
0xFF9A
0x119A
0x009A
0x9AFF
To sign-extend an 8-bit hex number 0x9A to a 16-bit number, we need to know whether it is positive or negative. To do this, we look at the most significant bit (MSB), which is the leftmost bit in binary representation.
If the MSB is 0, the number is positive; if it's 1, it's negative. In this case, since the MSB is 1, the number is negative. So we must extend the sign bit to all the bits in the 16-bit number. Therefore, the correct sign-extended 16-bit number is 0xFF9A.Lets talk about sign extension: Sign extension is a technique used to expand a binary number by adding leading digits to it.
Sign extension is typically used to extend the number of bits in a signed binary number, but it can also be used to extend an unsigned binary number.Sign extension is the process of expanding a binary number to a larger size while preserving its sign. When a binary number is sign-extended, the most significant bit (MSB) is duplicated to fill in the extra bits. If the number is positive, the MSB is 0, and if it's negative, the MSB is 1.
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Decrypting data on a Windows system requires access to both sets of encryption keys. Which of the following is the most likely outcome if both sets are damaged or lost?
A.You must use the cross-platform encryption product Veracrypt to decrypt the data.
B.The data cannot be decrypted.
C.You must boot the Windows computers to another operating system using a bootable DVD or USB and then decrypt the data.
D.You must use the cross-platform encryption product Truecrypt to decrypt the data.
If both sets of encryption keys are damaged or lost on a Windows system, the most likely outcome is that the data cannot be decrypted.
Encryption keys are essential for decrypting encrypted data. If both sets of encryption keys are damaged or lost on a Windows system, it becomes extremely difficult or even impossible to decrypt the data. Encryption keys are typically generated during the encryption process and are securely stored or backed up to ensure their availability for decryption.
Option B, which states that the data cannot be decrypted, is the most likely outcome in this scenario. Without the encryption keys, the data remains locked and inaccessible. It highlights the importance of safeguarding encryption keys and implementing appropriate backup and recovery procedures to prevent data loss.
Options A, C, and D are not relevant in this context. Veracrypt and Truecrypt are encryption products used for creating and managing encrypted containers or drives, but they cannot decrypt data without the necessary encryption keys. Booting the system to another operating system using a bootable DVD or USB may provide alternative means of accessing the system, but it does not resolve the issue of decrypting the data without the encryption keys.
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Answer the following: [2+2+2=6 Marks ] 1. Differentiate attack resistance and attack resilience. 2. List approaches to software architecture for enhancing security. 3. How are attack resistance/resilience impacted by approaches listed above?
Both attack resistance and attack resilience are essential to ensuring software security. It is important to implement a combination of approaches to improve software security and protect against both known and unknown threats.
1. Differentiate attack resistance and attack resilience:Attack Resistance: It is the system's capacity to prevent attacks. Attackers are prohibited from gaining unauthorized access, exploiting a flaw, or inflicting harm in the event of attack resistance. It is a preventive approach that aims to keep the system secure from attacks. Firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, secure coding practices, vulnerability assessments, and penetration testing are some of the methods used to achieve attack resistance.Attack Resilience: It is the system's capacity to withstand an attack and continue to function. It is the system's capacity to maintain its primary functionality despite the attack. In the event of an attack, a resilient system will be able to continue operating at an acceptable level. As a result, a resilient system may become available once the attack has been resolved. Disaster recovery, backup and recovery systems, redundancy, and fault tolerance are some of the techniques used to achieve attack resilience.
2. List approaches to software architecture for enhancing security:Secure Coding attackSecure Coding GuidelinesSecure Development LifecycleArchitecture Risk AnalysisAttack Surface AnalysisSoftware Design PatternsCode Analysis and Testing (Static and Dynamic)Automated Code Review ToolsSecurity FrameworksSoftware DiversitySecurity Testing and Vulnerability Assessments
3. How are attack resistance/resilience impacted by approaches listed above?The approaches listed above aim to improve software security by implementing secure coding practices, testing and analyzing software, and assessing vulnerabilities. Security frameworks and software diversity are examples of resilience-enhancing approaches that can help to reduce the likelihood of a successful attack.The attack surface analysis is an approach that can help to identify and mitigate potential weaknesses in the system, thus increasing its resistance to attacks. Secure coding practices and guidelines can also help improve attack resistance by addressing potential security vulnerabilities early in the development process.
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1. Where can a calculated column be used?
A. Excel calculation.
B. PivotTable Field List.
C. PivotTable Calculated Item.
D. PivotTable Calculated Field.
2. What happens when you use an aggregation function (i.e., SUM) in a calculated column?
A, It calculates a value based on the values in the row.
B.You receive an error.
C. It calculates a value based upon the entire column.
D. It turns the calculated column into a measure.
3. What is one of the Rules of a Measure?
A. Redefine the measure, don't reuse it.
B. Never use a measure within another measure.
C. Only use calculated columns in a measure.
D. Reuse the measure, don't redefine it.
4. What type of measure is created within the Power Pivot data model?
A. Implicit.
B. Exact.
C. Explicit.
D. Calculated Field.
5. What is the advantage of creating a SUM measure in the Data Model versus placing the field in the Values quadrant of the PivotTable?
A. The SUM measure is "portable" and can be used in other measure calculations.
B. It is more accurate than the calculation in the PivotTable.
C. Once you connect a PivotTable to a data model, you can no longer add fields to the Values quadrant.
D. It is the only way to add fields to the Values quadrant of a Power PivotTable.
1. A calculated column can be used in Excel calculation.The correct answer is option A.2. When you use an aggregation function (i.e., SUM) in a calculated column, it calculates a value based upon the entire column.The correct answer is option AC3. One of the rules of a measure is that you should redefine the measure and not reuse it.The correct answer is option A.4. The type of measure that is created within the Power Pivot data model is Explicit.The correct answer is option C.5. The advantage of creating a SUM measure in the Data Model versus placing the field in the Values quadrant of the PivotTable is that the SUM measure is "portable" and can be used in other measure calculations.The correct answer is option A.
1. Calculated columns can be used in Excel calculations, such as in formulas or other calculations within the workbook. They can be created in the Power Pivot window by defining a formula based on the values in other columns.
2. When an aggregation function like SUM is used in a calculated column, it calculates a value based on the values in the row. For example, if you have a calculated column that uses the SUM function, it will sum the values in other columns for each row individually.
3. One of the rules of a measure is to reuse the measure, don't redefine it. This means that instead of creating multiple measures with the same calculation, you should reuse an existing measure wherever possible. This helps maintain consistency and avoids redundancy in the data model.
4. Within the Power Pivot data model, the type of measure that is created is an explicit measure. Explicit measures are created using DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) formulas in Power Pivot.
These measures define calculations based on the data in the model and can be used in PivotTables or other analyses.
5. The advantage of creating a SUM measure in the Data Model instead of placing the field directly in the Values quadrant of the PivotTable is that the SUM measure becomes "portable."
It means that the measure can be used in other measure calculations within the data model. This allows for more flexibility and the ability to create complex calculations by combining measures together.
Placing the field directly in the Values quadrant of the PivotTable limits its usage to that specific PivotTable and doesn't offer the same level of reusability.
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ag is used to group the related elements in a form. O a textarea O b. legend O c caption O d. fieldset To create an inline frame for the page "abc.html" using iframe tag, the attribute used is O a. link="abc.html O b. srce abc.html O c frame="abc.html O d. href="abc.html" Example for Clientside Scripting is O a. PHP O b. JAVA O c JavaScript
To group the related elements in a form, the attribute used is fieldset. An HTML fieldset is an element used to organize various elements into groups in a web form.
The attribute used to create an inline frame for the page "abc.html" using iframe tag is `src="abc.html"`. The syntax is: Example for Clientside Scripting is JavaScript, which is an object-oriented programming language that is commonly used to create interactive effects on websites, among other things.
Fieldset: This tag is used to group the related elements in a form. In order to group all of the controls that make up one logical unit, such as a section of a form.
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A. In this exercise you imported the worksheet tblSession into your database. You did not assign a primary key when you performed the import. This step could have been performed on import with a new field named ID being created. (1 point)
True False
B. In this exercise you added a field to tblEmployees to store phone numbers. The field size was 14 as you were storing symbols in the input mask. If you choose not to store the symbols, what field size should be used? (1 point)
11 12 9 10
A. This step could have been performed on import with a new field named ID being created is False
B. 10 field size should be used.
A. In the exercise, there is no mention of importing the worksheet tblSession into the database or assigning a primary key during the import.
Therefore, the statement is false.
B. If you choose not to store symbols in the input mask for phone numbers, you would typically use a field size that accommodates the maximum number of digits in the phone number without any symbols or delimiters. In this case, the field size would be 10
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please edit this code in c++ so that it works, this code does not need an int main() function since it already has one that is part of a larger code:
// modify the implementation of myFunction2
// must divide x by y and return the result
float myFunction2(int x, int y ) {
x = 15;
y = 3;
int div = x / y ;
cout << div << endl;
return div;
}
In order to edit this code in C++ so that it works, you must modify the implementation of myFunction2 to divide x by y and return the result. The code given below performs this task.// modify the implementation of myFunction2
// must divide x by y and return the result
float myFunction2(int x, int y) {
float div = (float)x / y;
return div;
}The modified code does not require an int main() function since it is already part of a larger code. The changes are as follows: Instead of the line int div = x / y ;, we must write float div = (float)x / y ; because we need to return a floating-point result.
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convert the following into IEEE single precision (32 bit) floating point format. write your answer in binary (you may omit trailing 0's) or hex. clearly indicate your final answer.
0.75
To convert 0.75 into IEEE single precision (32 bit) floating point format, follow the steps given below:
Step 1: Convert the given number into binary form. 0.75 = 0.11 (binary)
Step 2: Normalize the binary number by moving the decimal point to the left of the most significant bit, and incrementing the exponent accordingly.0.11 × 2^0
Step 3: Write the exponent in excess-127 form. Exponent = 127 + 0 = 127
Step 4: Write the mantissa.The mantissa of normalized binary number is obtained by taking only the digits after the decimal point.
Exponent = 127 + 0 = 01111111 (in binary)
Mantissa = 1.1 (in binary)
Step 5: Combine the sign bit, exponent, and mantissa to get the final answer.The sign bit is 0 because the given number is positive.
The final answer in IEEE single precision (32 bit) floating point format is given below:0 11111110 10000000000000000000000 (binary)
The final answer in hexadecimal form is:0x3f400000
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Use an appropriate utility to print any line containing the string "main" from files in the current directory and subdirectories.
please do not copy other answers from cheg because my question requieres a different answer. i already searched.
To print any line containing the string "main" from files in the current directory and subdirectories, the grep utility can be used.
The grep utility is a powerful tool for searching text patterns within files. By using the appropriate command, we can instruct grep to search for the string "main" in all files within the current directory and its subdirectories. The -r option is used to perform a recursive search, ensuring that all files are included in the search process.
The command to achieve this would be:
grep -r "main"
This command instructs grep to search for the string main within all files in the current directory denoted by (.) and its subdirectories. When grep encounters a line containing the string main , it will print that line to the console.
By utilizing the grep utility in this way, we can easily identify and print any lines from files that contain the string main . This can be useful in various scenarios, such as when we need to quickly locate specific code sections or analyze program flow.
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There is no machine instruction in the MIPS ISA for mov (move from one register to another). Instead the assembler will use the instruction and the register.
The MIPS ISA does not have a machine instruction for the mov (move from one register to another). Instead, the assembler will utilize the addu (add unsigned) instruction and the register.In computer science, the MIPS (Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipelined Stages) is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) that is popularly utilized in embedded systems such as routers and DSL modems, as well as in some home entertainment equipment.The MIPS architecture comprises three distinct generations that have been released since the first version was unveiled in 1985. The assembler's directive "move $t0, $t1" would typically be implemented using the addu (add unsigned) instruction, with $0 as the source register and $t1 as the destination register. In order to prevent any changes to the values of $0 or $t1, they are specified as operands of the addu instruction.Here, the register $t1, which contains the value that we want to move, is selected as the source operand, whereas the register $t0, which will receive the value, is specified as the destination operand. The assembler understands the "move" directive and knows that it should employ the addu instruction to achieve the same result.The addu instruction is utilized instead of the move instruction because it saves one opcode in the MIPS instruction set. Because MIPS is a RISC architecture, its instruction set was designed to be as straightforward as possible. So, the move instruction was deliberately omitted in order to reduce the number of instructions in the instruction set.
Trace the program below to determine what the value of each variable will be at the end after all the expressions are evaluated. //Program for problem 1 using namespace std; int main() [ int p,d,q,a,s,j; p=4; d=2; q=7 d. j=p/p; −d; s=p; d=q∗d; p=d∗10; a=p∗d; a/=7 return 0 ; ] p= d= q= a= 5= j=
At the end of the program, the values of the variables will be as follows:
p = 70
d = -14
q = 7
a = 140
j = 1
In the given program, the variables p, d, q, a, and j are initialized with integer values. Then, the program performs a series of operations to update the values of these variables.
The line "j = p / p; -d;" calculates the value of j by dividing p by p, which results in 1. Then, the value of d is negated, so d becomes -2.The line "s = p;" assigns the current value of p (which is 4) to s.The line "d = q * d;" multiplies the value of q (which is 7) by the current value of d (which is -2), resulting in d being -14.The line "p = d * 10;" multiplies the current value of d (which is -14) by 10, assigning the result (which is -140) to p.The line "a = p * d;" multiplies the value of p (which is -140) by the value of d (which is -14), resulting in a being 1960.The line "a /= 7;" divides the current value of a (which is 1960) by 7, assigning the result (which is 280) back to a.Therefore, at the end of the program, the values of the variables will be:
p = 70
d = -14
q = 7
a = 280
j = 1
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Consider the following lines of code which create several LinkedNode objects:
String o0 = "Red";
String o1 = "Green";
String o2 = "Blue";
String o3 = "Yellow";
LinkedNode sln0 = new LinkedNode(o0);
LinkedNode sln1 = new LinkedNode(o1);
LinkedNode sln2 = new LinkedNode(o2);
LinkedNode sln3 = new LinkedNode(o3);
Draw the linked list that would be produced by the following snippets of code:
a. sln1.next = sln3;
sln2.next = sln0;
sln3.next = sln2;
b. sln0.next = sln3;
sln2.next = sln3;
sln3.next = sln1;
For the given snippets of code, let's visualize the resulting linked list -
sln1.next = sln3;
sln2.next = sln0;
sln3.next = sln2;
How is this so?The resulting linked list would look like -
sln1 -> sln3 -> sln2 -> sln0
The next pointer of sln1 points to sln3, the next pointer of sln3 points to sln2, and the next pointer of sln2 points to sln0.
This forms a chain in the linked list.
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Describe the algorithm for the Merge Sort and explain each step using the data set below. Discuss the time and space complexity analysis for this sort. 214476.9.3215.6.88.56.33.17.2
The Merge Sort algorithm is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that sorts a given list by recursively dividing it into smaller sublists, sorting them individually, and then merging them back together in sorted order. Here's a step-by-step description of the Merge Sort algorithm using the provided dataset: 214476.9.3215.6.88.56.33.17.2
1. Divide: The original list is divided into smaller sublists until each sublist contains only one element:
[2, 1, 4, 4, 7, 6, 9, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 8, 8, 5, 6, 3, 3, 1, 7, 2]
2. Merge (conquer): The sorted sublists are then merged back together to form larger sorted sublists:
[1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 6, 4, 8, 8, 6, 5, 3, 2, 1, 3, 5, 6, 3, 7, 2]
3. Merge (conquer): The merging process continues until all sublists are merged back into a single sorted list:
[1, 2, 4, 4, 6, 7, 9, 15, 1, 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, 6, 8, 8, 1, 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, 7]
4. The final sorted list is obtained:
[1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 15]
Time Complexity Analysis:
Merge Sort has a time complexity of O(n log n) in all cases, where n is the number of elements in the list. This is because the divide step takes log n recursive calls, and each merge step takes O(n) time as it iterates through all the elements in the two sublists being merged. Since the divide and merge steps are performed for each level of recursion, the overall time complexity is O(n log n).
Space Complexity Analysis:
Merge Sort has a space complexity of O(n) as it requires additional space to store the sorted sublists during the merging process. In the worst-case scenario, the algorithm may require an auxiliary array of the same size as the input list. However, it is also possible to optimize the space usage by merging the sublists in place, which would reduce the space complexity to O(1).
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CODE IN JAVA !!
Project Background: You have been hired at a start-up airline as the sole in-house software developer. Despite a decent safety record (99% of flights do not result in a crash), passengers seem hesitant to fly for some reason. Airline management have determined that the most likely explanation is a lack of a rewards program, and you have tasked with the design and implementation of such a program.
Program Specification: The rewards program is based on the miles flown within the span of a year. Miles start to accumulate on January 1, and end on December 31. The following describes the reward tiers, based on miles earned within a single year:
Gold – 25,000 miles. Gold passengers get special perks such as a seat to sit in during the flight.
Platinum – 50,000 miles. Platinum passengers get complementary upgrades to padded seats.
• Platinum Pro – 75,000 miles. Platinum Pro is a special sub-tier of Platinum, in which the padded seats include arm rests.
Executive Platinum – 100,000 miles. Executive Platinum passengers enjoy perks such as complementary upgrades from the cargo hold to main cabin.
• Super Executive Platinum – 150,000 miles. Super Executive Platinum is a special sub-tier of Executive Platinum, reserved for the most loyal passengers. To save costs, airline management decided to eliminate the position of co-pilot, instead opting to reserve the co-pilot’s seat for Super Executive Platinum passengers
For example, if a passenger within the span of 1 year accumulates 32,000 miles, starting January 1 of the following year, that passenger will belong to the Gold tier of the rewards program, and will remain in that tier for one year. A passenger can only belong to one tier during any given year. If that passenger then accumulates only 12,000 miles, the tier for next year will be none, as 12,000 miles is not enough to belong to any tier.
You will need to design and implement the reward tiers listed above. For each tier, you need to represent the miles a passenger needs to belong to the tier, and the perks (as a descriptive string) of belonging to the tier. The rewards program needs to have functionality implemented for querying. Any user of the program should be able to query any tier for its perks.
In addition, a passenger should be able to query the program by member ID for the following:
• Miles accumulated in the current year.
• Total miles accumulated since joining the rewards program. A passenger is considered a member of the rewards program by default from first flight taken on the airline. Once a member, a passenger remains a member for life.
• Join date of the rewards program.
• Current reward tier, based on miles accumulated from the previous year.
• Given a prior year, the reward tier the passenger belonged to
Queries can be partitioned into two groups: rewards program and rewards member. Queries for perks of a specific tier is part of the rewards program itself, not tied to a specific member. The queries listed above (the bullet point list) are all tied to a specific member.
Incorporate functionality that allows the program to be updated with new passenger information for the following:
• When a passenger joins the rewards program, create information related to the new passenger: date joined, rewards member ID, and miles accumulated. As membership is automatic upon first flight, use the miles from that flight to initialize miles accumulated.
• When a passenger who is a rewards member flies, update that passenger’s miles with the miles and date from the flight.
As the rewards program is new (ie, you are implementing it), assume for testing purposes that the program has been around for many years. To speed up the process of entering passenger information, implement the usage of a file to be used as input with passenger information. The input file will have the following format:
The input file is ordered by date. The first occurrence of a reward member ID corresponds to the first flight of that passenger, and thus should be automatically enrolled in the rewards program using the ID given in the input file.
It may be straightforward to design your program so it performs the following steps in order:
• Load input file
• Display a list of queries the user can type.
• Show a prompt which the user can type queries
For each query input by the user, show the result of the query, and then reload the prompt for the next query
Here's an example Java code that implements the rewards program based on the provided specifications:
Certainly! Here's a shorter version of the code:
```java
import java.util.*;
class RewardTier {
private int miles;
private String perks;
public RewardTier(int miles, String perks) {
this.miles = miles;
this.perks = perks;
}
public int getMiles() {
return miles;
}
public String getPerks() {
return perks;
}
}
class RewardsMember {
private String memberID;
private int totalMiles;
private int currentYearMiles;
private Date joinDate;
private RewardTier currentTier;
private Map<Integer, RewardTier> previousTiers;
public RewardsMember(String memberID, int miles, Date joinDate) {
this.memberID = memberID;
this.totalMiles = miles;
this.currentYearMiles = miles;
this.joinDate = joinDate;
this.currentTier = null;
this.previousTiers = new HashMap<>();
}
public String getMemberID() {
return memberID;
}
public int getTotalMiles() {
return totalMiles;
}
public int getCurrentYearMiles() {
return currentYearMiles;
}
public Date getJoinDate() {
return joinDate;
}
public RewardTier getCurrentTier() {
return currentTier;
}
public void updateMiles(int miles, Date flightDate) {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(flightDate);
int currentYear = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
if (currentYear != getYear(joinDate)) {
previousTiers.put(currentYear, currentTier);
currentYearMiles = 0;
}
currentYearMiles += miles;
totalMiles += miles;
updateCurrentTier();
}
public RewardTier getPreviousYearRewardTier(int year) {
return previousTiers.get(year);
}
private int getYear(Date date) {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(date);
return calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
}
private void updateCurrentTier() {
RewardTier[] tiers = {
new RewardTier(25000, "Gold - Special perks: Seat during flight"),
new RewardTier(50000, "Platinum - Complementary upgrades to padded seats"),
new RewardTier(75000, "Platinum Pro - Padded seats with arm rests"),
new RewardTier(100000, "Executive Platinum - Complementary upgrades from cargo hold to main cabin"),
new RewardTier(150000, "Super Executive Platinum - Reserved co-pilot's seat")
};
RewardTier newTier = null;
for (RewardTier tier : tiers) {
if (currentYearMiles >= tier.getMiles()) {
newTier = tier;
} else {
break;
}
}
currentTier = newTier;
}
}
public class RewardsProgramDemo {
private Map<String, RewardsMember> rewardsMembers;
public RewardsProgramDemo() {
rewardsMembers = new HashMap<>();
}
public void loadInputFile(String filePath) {
// Code to load input file and create RewardsMember objects
}
public String getPerksForTier(int miles) {
RewardTier[] tiers = {
new RewardTier(25000, "Gold - Special perks: Seat during flight"),
new RewardTier(50000, "Platinum - Complementary upgrades to padded seats"),
new RewardTier(75000, "Platinum Pro - Padded seats with arm rests"),
new RewardTier(100000, "Executive Platinum - Complementary upgrades from cargo hold to main cabin"),
new RewardTier(150
000, "Super Executive Platinum - Reserved co-pilot's seat")
};
for (RewardTier tier : tiers) {
if (miles >= tier.getMiles()) {
return tier.getPerks();
}
}
return "No perks available for the given miles.";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
RewardsProgramDemo demo = new RewardsProgramDemo();
demo.loadInputFile("passenger_info.txt");
// Example usage:
String memberID = "12345";
RewardsMember member = demo.rewardsMembers.get(memberID);
if (member != null) {
int miles = member.getCurrentYearMiles();
String perks = demo.getPerksForTier(miles);
System.out.println("Perks for member ID " + memberID + ": " + perks);
} else {
System.out.println("Member not found.");
}
}
}
```
This version simplifies the code by removing the separate RewardsProgram class and integrating its functionality within the RewardsProgramDemo class. The RewardTier class remains the same. The RewardsMember class now tracks the current reward tier directly instead of using a separate RewardsProgram object.
The updateCurrentTier() method updates the current reward tier based on the current year's miles. The getPerksForTier() method is moved to the RewardsProgramDemo class for simplicity.
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Create a program called kite The program should have a method that calculates the area of a triangle. This method should accept the arguments needed to calculate the area and return the area of the triangle to the calling statement. Your program will use this method to calculate the area of a kite.
Here is an image of a kite. For your planning, consider the IPO:
Input - Look at it and determine what inputs you need to get the area. There are multiple ways to approach this. For data types, I think I would make the data types double instead of int.
Process -- you will have a method that calculates the area -- but there are multiple triangles in the kite. How will you do that?
Output -- the area of the kite. When you output, include a label such as: The area of the kite is 34. I know your math teacher would expect something like square inches or square feet. But, you don't need that.
Comments
Add a comment block at the beginning of the program with your name, date, and program number
Add a comment for each method
Readability
Align curly braces and indent states to improve readability
Use good names for methods the following the naming guidelines for methods
Use white space (such as blank lines) if you think it improves readability of source code.
The provided program demonstrates how to calculate the area of a kite by dividing it into two triangles. It utilizes separate methods for calculating the area of a triangle and the area of a kite.
Here's an example program called "kite" that calculates the area of a triangle and uses it to calculate the area of a kite:
// Program: kite
// Author: [Your Name]
// Date: [Current Date]
// Program Number: 1
public class Kite {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Calculate the area of the kite
double kiteArea = calculateKiteArea(8, 6);
// Output the area of the kite
System.out.println("The area of the kite is " + kiteArea);
}
// Method to calculate the area of a triangle
public static double calculateTriangleArea(double base, double height) {
return 0.5 * base * height;
}
// Method to calculate the area of a kite using two triangles
public static double calculateKiteArea(double diagonal1, double diagonal2) {
// Divide the kite into two triangles and calculate their areas
double triangleArea1 = calculateTriangleArea(diagonal1, diagonal2) / 2;
double triangleArea2 = calculateTriangleArea(diagonal1, diagonal2) / 2;
// Calculate the total area of the kite
double kiteArea = triangleArea1 + triangleArea2;
return kiteArea;
}
}
The program defines a class called "Kite" that contains the main method.
The main method calls the calculateKiteArea method with the lengths of the diagonals of the kite (8 and 6 in this example) and stores the returned value in the variable kiteArea.
The program then outputs the calculated area of the kite using the System.out.println statement.
The program also includes two methods:
The calculateTriangleArea method calculates the area of a triangle given its base and height. It uses the formula 0.5 * base * height and returns the result.
The calculateKiteArea method calculates the area of a kite by dividing it into two triangles using the diagonals. It calls the calculateTriangleArea method twice, passing the diagonals as arguments, and calculates the total area of the kite by summing the areas of the two triangles.
By following the program structure, comments, and guidelines for readability, the code becomes more organized and understandable.
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The technical problem/fix analysts are usually:a.experts.b.testers.c.engineers.d.All of these are correct
The technical problem/fix analysts can be experts, testers, engineers, or a combination of these roles.
Technical problem/fix analysts can encompass a variety of roles, and all of the options mentioned (experts, testers, engineers) are correct. Let's break down each role:
1. Experts: Technical problem/fix analysts can be experts in their respective fields, possessing in-depth knowledge and experience related to the systems or technologies they are working with. They are well-versed in troubleshooting and identifying solutions for complex technical issues.
2. Testers: Technical problem/fix analysts often perform testing activities as part of their responsibilities. They validate and verify the functionality of systems or software, ensuring that fixes or solutions effectively address identified problems. Testers play a crucial role in identifying bugs, glitches, or other issues that need to be addressed.
3. Engineers: Technical problem/fix analysts can also be engineers who specialize in problem-solving and developing solutions. They apply their engineering knowledge and skills to analyze and resolve technical issues, using their expertise to implement effective fixes or improvements.
In practice, technical problem/fix analysts may encompass a combination of these roles. They bring together their expertise, testing abilities, and engineering skills to analyze, diagnose, and resolve technical problems, ultimately ensuring that systems and technologies are functioning optimally.
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Learning debugging is important if you like to be a programmer. To verify a program is doing what it should, a programmer should know the expected (correct) values of certain variables at specific places of the program. Therefore make sure you know how to perform the instructions by hand to obtain these values. Remember, you should master the technique(s) of debugging. Create a new project Assignment02 in NetBeans and copy the following program into a new Java class. The author of the program intends to find the sum of the numbers 4,7 and 10 . (i) Run the program. What is the output? (ii) What is the expected value of sum just before the for loop is executed? (iii) Write down the three expected intermediate sums after the integers 4,7 and 10 are added one by one (in the given order) to an initial value of zero. (iv) Since we have only a few executable statements here, the debugging is not difficult. Insert a System. out. println() statement just after the statement indicated by the comment " // (2)" to print out sum. What are the values of sum printed (press Ctrl-C to stop the program if necessary)? (v) What modification(s) is/are needed to make the program correct? NetBeans allows you to view values of variables at specific points (called break points). This saves you the efforts of inserting/removing println() statements. Again, you must know the expected (correct) values of those variables at the break points. If you like, you can try to explore the use break points yourself
Debugging involves identifying and fixing program errors by understanding expected values, using print statements or breakpoints, and making necessary modifications.
What is the output of the given program? What is the expected value of the sum before the for loop? What are the expected intermediate sums after adding 4, 7, and 10? What values of sum are printed after inserting a println() statement? What modifications are needed to correct the program?The given program is intended to calculate the sum of the numbers 4, 7, and 10. However, when running the program, the output shows that the sum is 0, which is incorrect.
To debug the program, the expected values of the sum at different points need to be determined. Before the for loop is executed, the expected value of the sum should be 0.
After adding the numbers 4, 7, and 10 one by one to the initial value of 0, the expected intermediate sums are 4, 11, and 21, respectively.
To verify these values, a System.out.println() statement can be inserted after the relevant code line to print the value of the sum.
By observing the printed values, any discrepancies can be identified and modifications can be made to correct the program, such as ensuring that the sum is initialized to 0 before the for loop starts.
Using debugging techniques and tools like breakpoints in an integrated development environment like NetBeans can facilitate the process of identifying and fixing program errors.
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