Answer:
During both mitosis and meiosis, DNA replicates first during S phase of interphase. Each copy (DNA molecule) is called chromatid. Before anaphase they remain together, joined by the centromere in the chromosome.
Part 1: How many chromatids and chromosomes are present at:
(a) anaphase of mitosis: During this phase sister chromatids split. We would have 48 chromosomes in each pole and 48 chromatides.
(b) anaphase I of meiosis: During this phase homologous chromosomes split, being a reductional division. In each pole we will have half the chromosomes we had after DNA replication. This is 24 chromosomes but 48 chromatides (remember they will split during anaphase II).
(c) anaphase II of meiosis: This is an equational division, we will have 24 chromosomes in each pole and 24 chromatides. Each chromatid is considered a chromosome.
(d) G1 prior to mitosis: During this phase DNA has not replicated yet and it is not condensed either. This formed is called chromatin. We will assign one chromatid for each chromosome. This is a somatic cell, so: 48 chromosomes and 48 chromatids.
(e) G2 prior to mitosis: After S phase, we have duplicated all chromosomes. We will assign two chromatids per chromosome: this is 96 chromatides and 48 chromosomes.
(f) G1 prior to meiosis: Before DNA duplication, 48 chromosomes, 48 chromatids.
(g) Prophase of meiosis I: After DNA replication, condensation of the chromatin takes place: 48 chromosomes, 96 chromatids.
Part 2: How many chromatids or chromosomes are present in:
(h) An oogonial cell prior to S phase: This is G1 phase, 48 chromosomes.
(i) A spermatide: This is the male haploid gametid, after meiosis: 24 chromosomes and 24 chromatids.
(j) A primary oocyte arrested prior to ovulation: They are arrested at prophase I of meiosis. This means their DNA is still duplicated and chromatides have not divided yet. 48 chromosomes and 96 chromatids.
(k) A secondary oocyte arrested prior to fertilization: They are halted at metaphase II of meiosis, meaning they have half the chromosomes (24) but chromatids are still together (48).
(l) A second polar body: They suffered the same process as the mature ovum but remained with little cytoplasm. They have 24 chromosomes and 24 chromatids.
(m) A chimpanzee sperm: They have completed both meiosis as well, they have 24 chromosomes and 24 chromatids.
Explanation:
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in the parent cell is similar to the daughter cell. Mitosis occurs in the somatic cells.
The chromosomes present in the Chimpanzee's cell after mitosis are 48 chromosomes.
The mitosis can be explained as:
1. Mitosis is a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in the daughter and parent cells are similar.
2. During the DNA replication process, the DNA is duplicated and separated into the individual two daughter cells.
Thus, the cells with 48 chromosomes will give rise to daughter cells consisting of 48 chromosomes.
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All of the following describe outcomes of urbanization except
O decreased soil pollution
O food chain disruption in a natural habitat
O increased wastewater from sewage drainage
O loss of plant biodiversity
Answer:
O decreased soil pollution
Explanation:
Urbanization does not lead to decreased soil pollution.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environments. As urbanization progresses and the population of people in a place increases, soil pollution increases.
Also, industrial expansion causes increased production of wastes. So, some of these wastes find their way into the environment of which the soil is a main component. There is an increased amount of soil pollution.Which type of cells thrive in an isotonic solution?
a animal cells
b cells with a cell wall
c plant cells
d both plant and animal cells
Answer:
A 0.9% solution of NaCl (saline) is isotonic to animal cells. When exposing animal tissues to solutions, it is common to use an isotonic solution such as Ringer's buffered saline so as to prevent osmotic effects and consequent damage to cells.
Explanation:
hope this help
pick me as the brainliest
Answer:
the answer is A
if you look it up it gives you everything you need to know I hope that helps
During division, the code for the protein cytochrome-C had the code for proline
changed to the code for leucine. This type of change in the genetic material is
known as a -
A. redundant mutation
B. frameshift mutation
C. point mutation
D. chromosomal mutation
Answer:
Point Mutation
Explanation:
The type of change described, where the code for proline is changed to the code for leucine during division, is known as a point mutation. The correct option is C.
A point mutation refers to a change in a single nucleotide base of the genetic material (DNA or RNA).
In this case, the change occurred at a specific position in the genetic code, resulting in the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This substitution led to a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein sequence.
Thus, based on the description provided, the correct answer is C. point mutation, as it involves the specific substitution of one nucleotide for another in the genetic code.
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If all cells in your body contain the same DNA why do they perform different functions. Pls help
Answer: These cells are different because they use the same set of genes differently. So even though each of our cells has the same genes, each cell can select which ones it wants to "turn on" and which ones it wants to keep "turned off". So when everything is working properly, each cell type only reads the genes it needs.
Explanation:
They are differentiated based on the genes that's why they perform different function.
it involves a switch from one pattern of gene expression to another. What are genes? Gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called.Many genes do not code for proteins.To know more about genes here
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Please please help...what will happen to these glands if they strike?
Answer:
gurl it would've been gangsta
Explanation:
I would be like what organs is this?
it would make you incomplete like
Under it, it may get worst since our stomach is made of acids, foods that we've swallowed may cause inflammation inside, our brain would've stop doing its thing, and lastly reproductive glands....Yes goodluck with that you might wanna get some transplant:>
in a chemical reaction bonds in the reactants molecules are broken and new bonds are formed to yield products. how does an enzyme make this happen an optimal rate in a cell?
Answer:
A. It increases the amount of energy needed to break the bonds in the substrate.
Explanation:
Enzymes are known to be protein-based catalyst. It helps to speed up the chemical reactions that take place in the human body. They actually bind molecules and work in ways to alter chemical reactions. These enzymes are needed for food digestion, reproduction, healing diseases, blood coagulation, etc.
Enzymes help to increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy. Certain enzymes can work to convert substrate to product at million of times faster. As a catalyst, it increases the energy needed to break bonds found in the substrate. This makes the reaction to occur at a faster rate.
How does a vaccine effect your body's antibodies?
Answer:
Read this you will find the answer :)
Explanation:
The body identifies antigens as dangerous and stimulates antibodies to attack them. ... The first time the body encounters a germ, it can take several days to make and ... disease just before or just after vaccination could develop symptoms
One pyruvate will produce ______.
A) 1 carbon dioxide waste molecule
B) 1 ATP molecule
C) 1 NADH molecule that moves to the electron transport chain
D) 4 NADH waste molecules
Answer:
The correct answer Is C.
1 NADH molecule that moves to the electron transport chain
Explanation:
I got it right
Please help! I’ll give brainist
ummm actually ur right
A diagram of the carbon cycle is shown to the left.
Which of the following best explains the roles plants and
animals play in recycling carbon?
a.
Plants and animals both take in carbon through
respiration. They return it to the cycle through
decomposition.
b. Plants take in carbon through photosynthesis and
decomposition. Animals produce carbon through respiration.
C. Animals produce carbon through exhaling. Plants take in
carbon for photosynthesis.
d. Plants produce carbon through photosynthesis. Animals
take in carbon for breathing.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
animals poop which feeds the ground lol
Photosynthesis and respiration recycle carbon in plants. Animals get carbon from plants and exhale it. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What is carbon cycle?The biogeochemical process known as the carbon cycle involves the transfer of carbon between the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth. Carbon is the most common element found in organic compounds, and it also plays a significant role in the chemical makeup of numerous minerals, including limestone.
Through the process of photosynthesis, plants take in carbon from their surroundings and then release it during the process of respiration. Plants are the source of carbon for animals, and animals exhale carbon during the process of respiration.
Therefore , option (B) best explains the roles plants and animals play in recycling carbon.
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**HELP ASAPPPP**
Which two letters are used to help remember how to complete the full swing?
B & O
T & F
V & A
C & O
2.
Which club is used for the putt shot in golf?
driver
putter
wedge
hybrid
3.
Which club is used for the full swing in golf?
wedge
putter
hybrid
driver
4.
The putt shot is used for hitting the golf ball off of the golf tee.
False
True
5.
Which two letters are used to help set up for a full swing?
B & T
C & O
Q & T
V & A
Which of the following is true about photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Answer:
no option
Explanation:
there is no any alternativesfor the question.
2. Curly hair is recessive (s), and straight hair is dominant (S). A woman with curly hair (ss) marries a man who is a true breeder for straight hair (SS). What percentage of their children will have curly hair, and what percentage of them will have straight hair?
% Curly-
% Straight-
the small intestine is at the same level of organization as which of the following heart, connective tissue, digestive system, or epithelial cell?
Answer:
Heart
Explanation:
They are both organs, everything else is too big or too small.
The small intestine is at the same level of organization as the heart. The correct option is a.
What is the level of organization?The body is divided into different levels of the organization. These levels of organization are cellular level, tissue level, organ, organ system, and organism.
At the cellular level, the cell is the base unit of life. At the tissue level, the cells joined and compose tissues. At the organs level, tissues are joined to make organs, and many organs form an organism.
The small intestine and heart are organs, so they come in the same level of organization. The organ. The digestive system comes from the organs system and epithelial cell comes at the cellular levels. Connective tissue comes under tissue level.
Thus, the correct option is a. heart.
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How does the movement of the constellations provide evidence of earth’s rotation and revolution?
Answer:
Explanation:
How do the motions of the constellations provide evidence that Earth both rotates on its axis and revolves around the sun? The constellations seem to move in a circle around a fixed point each night. .Earth's revolution around the sun causes the constellations to seem to move..
A soil sample that is more than 60% clay will be called
A. sandy loam
B. loamy sand
C. clay
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Answer:
Clay
Explanation:
Which of the following scenarios can be classified as a negative feedback loop?
a increase in blood pressure to reduce heart rate
b increase in testosterone to help increase a fight-or-flight response
c increase in oxytocin caused by increased contractions
d increase in platelet production to help increase blood clotting
Answer:
The scenario that can be considered an example of a negative feedback loop is increase in platelet production to help increase blood clotting (option d).
Explanation:
Negative feedback loop is what occurs when a change occurs in the body, producing a response that decreases or stops that change, with the intention of maintaining homeostasis.
When there is a wound that produces bleeding, a series of mechanisms are activated, the coagulation cascade, which promotes the release of factors that allow the formation of clots. The increased release of platelets implies negative feedback because it helps to stop the change that occurs in the body, the loss of blood, through the formation of clots.
One thing that can cause confusion is the fact that this response also involves positive, though limited, feedback that promotes the production of clotting factors and platelets to increase clot formation. What really happens is that the positive feedback promotes the general feedback, which is the negative feedback: clot formation to stop the bleeding, restoring homeostasis.
The other options are not correct because:
a. Increase in blood pressure to reduce heart rate is not possible.
b. In the fight and flight response the hormones involved are cortisol and adrenaline, not testosterone.
c. Increased oxytocin in response to uterine contractions is positive feedback.
Answer:
A is the answer Not D
increase in blood pressure to reduce heart rate
Explanation:
What is a species of bacteria in your body that helps protect you?
From the passage:
Human Microbiome: The Role Of Microbes in Human Health
Answer:
Bacillus Subtillis
Explanation:
There are many, many types of bacteria that protect us. But for me, the main one would be Bacillus Subtillis. Its found on our skin, and it uses poison to fight off other microbes. In alot of cases, this bacetria can be found in a ton of antibiotics.
PLZZZZZ ANSWER What is the advantage of genetic connections and disadvantage
Answer:
Genetic testing also helps individuals trace their family lines, not just to learn more about their own ancestry and heritage, but to identify and forge new relationships with relatives A sense of relief from uncertainty.
Reduce the risk of cancer by making certain lifestyle changes if you have a positive result.
In-depth knowledge about your cancer risk.
Information to help make informed medical and lifestyle decisions
Explanation:
I give out brainly!
5. What does phenotype mean?
6. What are some examples of an organism’s phenotype?
which is the best explanation for where different types if minerals are found in earth
Answer:
Everywhere foods, earth, plants, etc..
Explanation:
SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME PLEASE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!?!!!!!
Answer:
the correct answer is "C. 4"
Explanation:
The nucleus is a double-membraned organelle found in all eukaryotic cells. It is the largest organelle, which functions as the control center of the cellular activities and is the storehouse of the cell’s DNA. By structure, the nucleus is dark, round, surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
A scientist is studying specialized cells that help pump blood. Which cells is she most likely studying?
neurons, which are a type of muscle cell
cardiac cells, which are a type of muscle cell
epithelial cells, which are a type of blood cell
white blood cells, which are a type of blood cell
Answer:
Cell specialization, also known as cell differentiation, is the process by which generic cells change into specific cells meant to do certain tasks within the body. Cell specialization is most important in the development of embryos.
Explanation:
Neurons. Neurons are specialized cells that carry messages within the human brain
Muscle Cells. Muscle cells make movement possible
Sperm Cells. Specialized sperm cells are necessary for human reproduction
Red Blood Cells
Leukocyte. and those are some
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p). According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being purple?
Answer:
If both are (PP and ww) and one is dominant the other is recessive then it is 100% purple.
IF both are heterozygous (pw) then it is 75% purple and 25% white
if one is Hetro(pw) and the other is (ww) 50% white 50% purple
Explanation:
Greenhouse gases absorb solar radiation and rerelease it in the Earth's atmosphere. Based on this information, which of the
following sources within the agricultural sector has the most impact on global temperatures on Earth?
A. digestive processes of animals
B. agricultural soil management
C. fossil fuel consumption
D
manure management
Answer:c
Explanation:because it takes away carbon and greenhouse gases from long term carbon stores an releases it into the atmosphere at a short term rate through combustion
What muscle contracts and relaxes when you inhale and exhale?
a. tricep
b. lung
c. diaphragm
d. bicep
Answer:
c.
Explanation:
diaphragm contracts and relaxes. you may try it now at the very moment lol
in which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different
Answer:
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen. Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy. ... Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration and stored during photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular respiration are used in photosynthesis.
Explanation:
Compare what happens to chromosomes during anaphase 1 and anaphase 2
Answer:
Compare what happens to chromosomes during anaphase I and anaphase II. In anaphase I the two pairs of chromatids of each similar pair move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell. In anaphase II the centromere divides and the chromatids separated and move to opposite ends of the cell.
Explanation:
hope it helps, please mark as brainliest
In anaphase I the two pairs of chromatids of each similar pair move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell. In anaphase II the centromere divides and the chromatids separated and move to opposite ends of the cell.
Credits to the other person
Generally speaking, identify the overall structure
of the cell membrane?
Someone plllsss help
Answer:
They will most likely be immune to the treatment.
Explanation:
This is the same as a viruse evolving to survive the vaccine for it.