One of the failed policy implementation at my organization was when the organization decided to reduce the salaries of the employees. The policy was that there would be a temporary reduction in the salaries of the employees and after a period the salaries would be increased to the original rates.
The reason for this failure was due to the fact that the employees were not happy with this policy as it was not communicated to them properly. The employees were told about the reduction in their salaries but they were not given a clear explanation as to why this was happening. Due to this, there was a lot of resentment among the employees and some of them even went on strike. This had a negative impact on the productivity of the organization as a whole. Another reason for the failure of this policy was due to the fact that the employees did not trust the management. This was because in the past, there were some instances where the management did not keep their promises.
This lack of trust made it difficult for the employees to accept this policy and they were not willing to cooperate with the management in implementing this policy . To avoid these challenges, the management could have done a few things differently. Firstly, they could have communicated this policy in a more transparent manner. This would have helped to build trust among the employees. Secondly, the management could have involved the employees in the decision-making process. This would have made the employees feel that their opinions were valued and that they were part of the decision-making process. Lastly, the management could have provided some incentives to the employees to make up for the temporary reduction in their salaries. This would have helped to motivate the employees and would have reduced the negative impact of the policy on the productivity of the organization as a whole.
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PPF Data (same as previous questions) A B C D E Solar Panels 500 400 300 200 100 (1,000s) SUVs (1,000s) 0 15 22 27 30 Based on the PPF data above what can we say about the economy if it produced 200,0
if the economy produces 200,000 solar panels, it can produce 27,000 SUVs, given the production possibilities represented by the PPF data.
Based on the PPF data provided, if the economy produces 200,000 solar panels, we can determine the maximum number of SUVs it can produce.
Looking at the PPF data, we can observe the trade-off between producing solar panels and SUVs. As the economy allocates more resources to the production of solar panels, the production of SUVs decreases.
From the data, we can see that producing 500,000 solar panels corresponds to 0 SUVs, 400,000 solar panels correspond to 15,000 SUVs, 300,000 solar panels correspond to 22,000 SUVs, 200,000 solar panels correspond to 27,000 SUVs, and 100,000 solar panels correspond to 30,000 SUVs.
Since the economy produces 200,000 solar panels, we can determine that it can produce 27,000 SUVs. This is the point on the PPF where the economy is utilizing its resources efficiently to produce both solar panels and SUVs.
Therefore, if the economy produces 200,000 solar panels, it can produce 27,000 SUVs, given the production possibilities represented by the PPF data.
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Deacon Company provides you with following information related to payroll transactions for the month of May. Prepare journal entries to record the transactions for May.
Office Salaries
Sales Salaries
Social Security
Taxes
Medicare Taxes
Federal Income Taxes
$38,000
$26,000
$3,968
$928
$5,600
a. Recorded the May payroll using the payroll register information given above.
b. Recorded the employer's payroll taxes resulting from the May payroll. The state unemployment tax rate is 5.4% of the first $7,000 paid each employee. Only $42,000 of the current month's salaries are subject to unemployment taxes. The federal rate is 0.6%.
c. Issued a check to Reliant Bank in payment of the May FICA and employee taxes.
d. Issued a check to the state for the payment of the SUTA taxes for the month of May.
e. Issued a check to Reliant Bank in payment of the employer's quarterly FUTA taxes for the first quarter in the amount of $1,020.
a. Office Salaries Expense $38,000
Sales Salaries Expense $26,000
Sοcial Security Taxes Payable $3,968
Medicare Taxes Payable $928
Federal Incοme Taxes Payable $5,600
Cash $68,496
b. Payrοll Tax Expense $2,268
Sοcial Security Taxes Payable $2,040
Medicare Taxes Payable $228
c. Sοcial Security Taxes Payable $3,968
Medicare Taxes Payable $928
Cash $4,896
d. State Unemplοyment Taxes Payable $2,268
Cash $2,268
e. Federal Unemplοyment Taxes Payable $1,020
Cash $1,020
How to recοrd the May payrοll?a. Tο recοrd the May payrοll using the given infοrmatiοn, we need tο debit the respective expense accοunts and credit the liability accοunts. Assuming there are nο οther deductiοns οr withhοldings, the jοurnal entries wοuld be as fοllοws:
Office Salaries Expense $38,000
Sales Salaries Expense $26,000
Sοcial Security Taxes Payable $3,968
Medicare Taxes Payable $928
Federal Incοme Taxes Payable $5,600
Cash $68,496
b. Tο recοrd the emplοyer's payrοll taxes resulting frοm the May payrοll, we need tο calculate and recοrd the respective liability accοunts. The jοurnal entry wοuld be as fοllοws:
Payrοll Tax Expense $2,268
Sοcial Security Taxes Payable $2,040
Medicare Taxes Payable $228
c. Tο recοrd the payment tο Reliant Bank fοr the May FICA and emplοyee taxes, we need tο debit the respective liability accοunts and credit the Cash accοunt. The jοurnal entry wοuld be as fοllοws:
Sοcial Security Taxes Payable $3,968
Medicare Taxes Payable $928
Cash $4,896
d. Tο recοrd the payment tο the state fοr the SUTA taxes fοr the mοnth οf May, we need tο debit the respective liability accοunt and credit the Cash accοunt. The jοurnal entry wοuld be as fοllοws:
State Unemplοyment Taxes Payable $2,268
Cash $2,268
e. Tο recοrd the payment tο Reliant Bank fοr the emplοyer's quarterly FUTA taxes fοr the first quarter, we need tο debit the respective liability accοunt and credit the Cash accοunt. The jοurnal entry wοuld be as fοllοws:
Federal Unemplοyment Taxes Payable $1,020
Cash $1,020
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How is the first mover advantage related to
schelling's paradox of commitment.
The first mover advantage is related to Schelling's paradox of commitment because it involves taking action before other participants in a given market or industry and establishing a dominant position that can be difficult for others to overcome.
Presented below to provide more detail:Explanation:In business, the term "first mover advantage" refers to the benefits that a company can obtain by being the first to enter a particular market or industry. By getting in early, the company can establish a dominant position and gain a competitive advantage over later entrants.For example, a company that introduces a new product or service before anyone else in the market has the opportunity to build brand awareness, develop a loyal customer base, and gain economies of scale that can make it difficult for competitors to catch up.Schelling's paradox of commitment is related to the first mover advantage because it is a concept that explains why individuals or firms might choose to commit to a certain course of action even when it may not be in their best interest to do so.For example, if a company decides to enter a new market, it may invest a significant amount of time and resources in order to establish a strong presence.
Even if the market turns out to be less profitable than anticipated or other firms enter the market and increase competition, the company may continue to invest resources in order to maintain its position.In this scenario, the company has made a commitment to the market and is unwilling to abandon its position, even if doing so might be the most rational choice. This is because the company knows that by being the first mover, it has gained a valuable advantage that would be difficult for others to overcome. Therefore, it is willing to make a commitment to the market and invest resources even if it means making a less than optimal decision in the short term.To sum up, the first mover advantage is related to Schelling's paradox of commitment because it involves taking action before other participants in a given market or industry and establishing a dominant position that can be difficult for others to overcome.
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Present and study the criteria for the development of financial
markets and assess their relevance in light of the financial crisis
of 2007-2008?
Answer: The development of financial markets is influenced by various criteria that are considered important for their growth and stability.
Explanation:
These criteria include:
Market Size: The size of a financial market is a crucial factor for its development. A large market provides greater opportunities for investment, diversification, and liquidity. It allows for a more efficient allocation of capital and attracts a wider range of participants.
Market Depth: Market depth refers to the ability of a market to handle large volumes of transactions without significant price impact. Deep markets have a sufficient number of buyers and sellers, tight bid-ask spreads, and low transaction costs. This fosters liquidity and reduces the risk of price manipulation.
Market Efficiency: Financial markets should be efficient in terms of price discovery and information dissemination. Efficient markets ensure that prices reflect all available information accurately and quickly, allowing investors to make informed decisions. This requires transparency, fair competition, and effective regulatory mechanisms.
Market Transparency: Transparency is crucial for the development of financial markets. Investors need access to accurate and timely information about prices, transactions, and market conditions. Transparent markets promote investor confidence, reduce information asymmetry, and mitigate the risk of fraud or market manipulation.
Regulatory Framework: A robust regulatory framework is essential for the development of financial markets. Regulations should aim to protect investors, maintain market integrity, and ensure fair and orderly trading. Effective supervision and enforcement of regulations help mitigate risks and promote stability.
Investor Protection: Investor protection mechanisms, such as secure property rights, clear legal frameworks, and investor compensation schemes, are crucial for market development. These measures enhance investor confidence, reduce the risk of fraud or abuse, and encourage participation in financial markets.
Financial Infrastructure: Adequate financial infrastructure, including reliable payment systems, efficient clearing and settlement mechanisms, and a well-functioning banking system, supports the development of financial markets. A strong infrastructure enables smooth transactions, reduces counterparty risks, and enhances market efficiency.
In light of the financial crisis of 2007-2008, these criteria can be assessed for their relevance and impact:
Market Size: The crisis revealed that even large financial markets can experience severe disruptions and contagion effects. Market size alone does not guarantee stability or resilience in times of crisis.
Market Depth: The crisis exposed weaknesses in market depth, as liquidity dried up and bid-ask spreads widened significantly. Many financial instruments became illiquid, exacerbating the crisis and leading to fire sales and price distortions.
Market Efficiency: The crisis highlighted the failure of markets to accurately reflect risks and incorporate relevant information. The presence of complex and opaque financial products made it difficult for investors to assess and price risks properly.
Market Transparency: Lack of transparency in certain financial instruments, such as mortgage-backed securities and derivatives, contributed to the crisis. Investors and regulators had limited visibility into the underlying assets and risks associated with these products, leading to mispricing and systemic vulnerabilities.
Regulatory Framework: The crisis exposed gaps and shortcomings in the regulatory framework. Weak oversight of financial institutions, inadequate risk management practices, and regulatory arbitrage contributed to the build-up of excessive leverage and systemic risks.
Investor Protection: The crisis highlighted the importance of robust investor protection mechanisms. Many investors suffered significant losses due to misleading information, predatory lending practices, and inadequate consumer safeguards.
Financial Infrastructure: The crisis underscored the importance of resilient financial infrastructure. Weaknesses in payment systems, inadequate risk management practices in clearing and settlement, and interconnectedness of financial institutions amplified the systemic impact of the crisis.
In conclusion, while the criteria for the development of financial markets remain relevant, the financial crisis of 2007-2008 exposed vulnerabilities and the need for further enhancements in areas such as market transparency, regulatory oversight, risk management practices, and investor protection. These lessons prompted regulatory reforms aimed at strengthening financial
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how can the information shown in the employees' earnings record be used?
The information shown in an employee's earnings record can be used for various purposes, including: Payroll processing, Tax reporting, Benefits administration and Performance evaluation
Payroll processing: The earnings record contains details of an employee's salary, wages, bonuses, and other forms of compensation. This information is used to calculate the amount of pay that the employee is owed.
Tax reporting: The earnings record also contains information on taxes withheld from the employee's paychecks throughout the year. This information is necessary for tax reporting purposes, such as filling out Form W-2 at the end of the year.
Benefits administration: The earnings record can also be used to determine an employee's eligibility for certain benefits, such as retirement plan contributions or health insurance coverage.
Performance evaluation: Employers can use the earnings record as a tool to evaluate an employee's performance and identify areas where they may need additional training or support.
Overall, the earnings record provides valuable information for both employers and employees and is an essential aspect of workforce management.
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Explain the Internal Analysis of Samsung focusing on physical,
human and organization, The Resource-Based View (RBV)
Samsung is a leading brand in the electronics industry that operates in a highly competitive market. To remain competitive, the company has to conduct internal analysis regularly. The internal analysis of Samsung mainly focuses on physical, human, and organization factors along with Resource-Based View (RBV).
The physical analysis of Samsung encompasses the company's physical resources, including the location, plant, equipment, and technology. It is vital to evaluate these resources to ensure that the company has the best resources for success.
Samsung has invested in modern technology, such as robotics and automation, which has significantly improved its production efficiency.The human analysis of Samsung assesses the company's human resources. Samsung has a strong culture that nurtures its employees' skills and ensures their motivation and productivity.
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why is it so important that children learn a sense of industry?
It is important for children to learn a sense of industry for several reasons:
Work Ethic: Developing a sense of industry instills a strong work ethic in children. It teaches them the value of hard work, perseverance, and dedication to tasks and goals. This work ethic is essential for success in academics, careers, and personal endeavors throughout their lives.
Responsibility and Accountability: Learning industry helps children understand the importance of taking responsibility for their actions and being accountable for their commitments. They learn that their efforts and actions have consequences, and they develop a sense of ownership and pride in their work.
Goal Setting and Achievement: Industry encourages children to set goals and work towards achieving them. By setting objectives, planning their actions, and consistently working towards their goals, children learn the satisfaction of achieving milestones and the rewards of their efforts.
Self-Confidence and Self-Esteem: When children engage in activities that require effort, problem-solving, and perseverance, they develop a sense of accomplishment. This fosters self-confidence and enhances their self-esteem as they recognize their capabilities and recognize that they can overcome challenges through their own industry.
Time Management and Organization: Learning industry helps children develop skills in time management and organization. They learn to prioritize tasks, manage their time effectively, and allocate resources efficiently. These skills are crucial for success in school, work, and personal life.
Social Skills and Collaboration: Engaging in industry often involves working with others, whether it's within a team, group, or community. Children learn to collaborate, communicate, and cooperate with others, developing essential social skills and the ability to work effectively in diverse environments.
Resilience and Perseverance: Industry teaches children resilience and the importance of perseverance in the face of challenges or setbacks. They learn to overcome obstacles, adapt to changing circumstances, and maintain their motivation and focus even when faced with difficulties.
Preparation for Adulthood: Developing a sense of industry during childhood prepares children for the responsibilities and demands of adulthood. It equips them with the skills and mindset necessary to pursue higher education, enter the workforce, and navigate the challenges they will encounter in their future lives.
Overall, learning a sense of industry is crucial for children's personal growth, academic success, and future career prospects. It instills important values, skills, and attitudes that contribute to their overall development and lays the foundation for a fulfilling and productive life.
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what are the three principal forms of business organization? what are the advantages and disadvantages of each
The three principal forms of business organization are sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation.
Let's look at the advantages and disadvantages of each:
Sole Proprietorship
Advantages:
1. Easy and inexpensive to establish
2. No sharing of profits with anyone else
3. No external restrictions on how the business operates
Disadvantages:
1. Unlimited liability
2. Hard to raise funds
3. Difficult to sell the business
Partnership
Advantages:
1. Relatively easy to establish
2. Sharing of resources
3. Sharing of profits
Disadvantages:
1. Unlimited liability
2. Disagreements among partners
3. Difficulty in raising funds
Corporation
Advantages:
1. Limited liability
2. Easy to transfer ownership
3. Easy to raise funds
Disadvantages:
1. Costly and time-consuming to establish
2. More regulations and paperwork
3. Sharing of profits with shareholders
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The three principal forms of business organization are Sole Proprietorship, Partnership and Corporation.
Each form of business has its own advantages and disadvantages that should be considered before selecting a form of business organization. These are the advantages and disadvantages of each form of business organization:
Sole Proprietorship
Advantages:
Easy to form and dissolve
The owner has complete control over the business
Low start-up costs
No separate taxation as the owner reports the income on his/her personal tax return
Disadvantages:
Unlimited personal liability
Limited ability to raise capital
Potential difficulty in attracting and retaining talented employees
Partnership
Advantages:
Easy to form and dissolve
Costs are shared between partners
Greater ability to raise capital than a sole proprietorship
Partners can bring diverse skills and knowledge to the business
Disadvantages:
Unlimited personal liability
Each partner is responsible for the actions of other partners
Profits must be shared among partners
Potential for disputes between partners
Corporation
Advantages:
Limited personal liability for shareholders
Greater ability to raise capital
Ability to transfer ownership through the sale of stocks
Long-term existence
Disadvantages:
Expensive to form and maintain
Complex regulatory requirements
Double taxation (the corporation is taxed and the shareholders are taxed on their dividends)
Shareholders have little control over the management of the corporation
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12. A change in a good's own price will lead to a change in the quantity supplied of a good (movement along the supply curve). Illustrate a change in quantity supplied graphically. 13. A change in: (1
A change in a good's own price leads to a change in the quantity supplied of that good, resulting in a movement along the supply curve. Graphically, this change is represented by a shift from one point to another point along the supply curve.
To illustrate a change in quantity supplied graphically, we can use a supply curve for a specific good. The supply curve shows the relationship between the price of the good and the quantity supplied at each price level. The supply curve slopes upward from left to right, indicating that as the price of the good increases, the quantity supplied also increases, and vice versa.
When there is a change in the price of the good, it causes a movement along the supply curve. If the price of the good increases, there will be an increase in the quantity supplied, and the point on the supply curve will shift to the right.
Conversely, if the price of the good decreases, there will be a decrease in the quantity supplied, and the point on the supply curve will shift to the left.
By observing the movement along the supply curve, we can visually depict how changes in price directly affect the quantity supplied of a good. This graphical representation helps to illustrate the positive relationship between price and quantity supplied and demonstrates the impact of price changes on producer behavior.
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Question 23 Consider the following data about a firm. The tax rate is 20%. What is the operating cash flow in year 2001? 2000 2001 Year EBITDA 2002 140 150 160 Interest 0 0 0 Net PPE 100 115 108 50 60
It can be calculated by considering the EBITDA and making adjustments for taxes and changes in net PPE . The operating cash flow in year 2001 for the firm is $117.6.
In this case, the EBITDA for 2001 is $150, and the tax rate is 20%. Additionally, the net PPE decreased by $7 (from $115 to $108) during the year.
To calculate the operating cash flow, we start with EBITDA and adjust for taxes and changes in net PPE. EBITDA for 2001 is given as $150. To account for taxes, we multiply EBITDA by (1 - tax rate). In this case, the tax rate is 20%, so the tax-adjusted EBITDA is $150 * (1 - 0.20) = $120.
To calculate the change in net PPE, we subtract the net PPE at the end of the previous year (2000) from the net PPE at the end of the current year (2001). The change in net PPE is $108 - $115 = -$7.
Finally, we calculate the operating cash flow by adding the tax-adjusted EBITDA and the change in net PPE: $120 + (-$7) = $113.
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Term project This project provides students with the opportunity to put into practice on of the major topic namely the IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements. Essentially, what you are expected to do is an in-depth analysis of theory and real firms. The student should submit writing report (supported with References) and oral presentation. Project Outline The project's main parts are as follows: 1. Provide a meaningful background of the Consolidated Financial Statements. 2. Describe the types, Recognition and the disclosure and reporting issues of Consolidated Financial Statements. 3. Track the modifications regarding the Consolidated Financial Statements s based on the accounting standards. 4. provide a practical case for the cases for actuar 5. Prepare appropriate conclusion and formal report. Report Format There is no one format that will work for everyone. You might find it worthwhile keeping these general suggestions in mind while writing the report: 1. Do not rehash what should be common knowledge. 2. Use tables to summarize findings. 3. Include copies of the data sources. 4. There is a total of 10 points available for this project.
The term project focuses on the IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements and requires students to conduct an in-depth analysis of theory and real firms. The project carries a total of 10 points.
Background of Consolidated Financial Statements:
In this section, students are expected to provide a meaningful background of Consolidated Financial Statements. This may include discussing the purpose of consolidated financial statements, their significance in financial reporting, and the principles underlying their preparation.
Types, Recognition, and Disclosure of Consolidated Financial Statements:
Here, students should describe the different types of consolidated financial statements, such as parent-subsidiary relationships and control. They should explain the criteria for recognizing and consolidating subsidiaries, as well as the disclosure and reporting requirements related to consolidated financial statements.
Modifications in Consolidated Financial Statements based on Accounting Standards:
This part requires students to track any modifications or updates in the accounting standards pertaining to consolidated financial statements. They should analyze the changes and their implications on the preparation and presentation of consolidated financial statements.
Practical Case for Actuar:
In this section, students are expected to provide a practical case study that demonstrates the application of consolidated financial statements in a real firm or industry. They should analyze the financial statements, identify relevant consolidation issues, and present their findings and conclusions.
Conclusion and Formal Report:
Finally, students should prepare an appropriate conclusion that summarizes the key points discussed in the project. They should also compile a formal report that presents their analysis, findings, and recommendations. The report should be well-structured, supported by references, and adhere to the required formatting guidelines.
The term project on IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements provides students with an opportunity to deepen their understanding of this topic by conducting theoretical analysis and examining real-world examples. By completing this project, students can develop their research, analytical, and presentation skills, and gain practical insights into the application of consolidated financial statements in practice. The project's format and requirements aim to encourage comprehensive research, critical thinking, and effective communication of findings and conclusions.
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claim: most adults would erase all of their personal information online if they could. a software firm survey of
The survey results suggest that many people are worried about their privacy online and would take drastic measures to protect themselves. It is important for individuals and organizations to take steps to secure personal information online and respect people's privacy rights.
A software firm survey of claims that most adults would erase all of their personal information online if they could. This is a concerning statistic in the age of the internet, where personal information is often collected and used without explicit permission or understanding. This claim comes from a survey conducted by a software firm that asked adults about their online habits and concerns. The survey results suggest that many people are worried about their privacy online and would take drastic measures to protect themselves. It is important for individuals and organizations to take steps to secure personal information online and respect people's privacy rights.
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It is difficult to make a definitive claim about whether most adults would erase all of their personal information online if given the opportunity, as individual preferences and opinions can vary greatly.
However, it is plausible to assume that a significant number of adults would choose to delete or limit their personal information online due to concerns about privacy, security, and data misuse.
Privacy and data security have become growing concerns in the digital age. Instances of data breaches, identity theft, and online surveillance have made many people cautious about sharing personal information online.
While some individuals are comfortable with the level of information they have shared and the associated risks, others may feel a sense of vulnerability and may prefer to reduce their online footprint.
The decision to delete personal information online is influenced by various factors, including an individual's understanding of privacy risks, their level of trust in online platforms, and their awareness of the potential consequences of sharing personal data.
Additionally, cultural and generational differences may also play a role in shaping people's attitudes towards online privacy.
However, it's important to note that erasing all personal information online may not be a practical or feasible option for everyone. In today's interconnected world, many aspects of life, such as work, social connections, and financial transactions, rely heavily on online platforms and services.
Deleting all personal information could have significant implications for individuals' professional and social lives.
Therefore, while there may be a substantial number of adults who would choose to erase their personal information online, it is unlikely to be a unanimous sentiment.
Some individuals may prefer to adopt a more cautious approach by managing their privacy settings, limiting the amount of personal information shared, and using privacy-enhancing tools and techniques to mitigate risks while still maintaining an online presence.
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how does one analyze a market where both demand and supply shift?
Analyzing a market where both demand and supply shift requires a thorough understanding of the factors that contribute to the shifts, as well as an understanding of the relationship between demand, supply, and the resulting equilibrium point.
When analyzing a market where both demand and supply shift, it is important to take into consideration the new equilibrium point that will be established. This can be done by looking at the direction and magnitude of the shifts for both demand and supply, as well as the elasticity of both curves.
If the shift in demand is greater than the shift in supply, the equilibrium price and quantity will increase. On the other hand, if the shift in supply is greater than the shift in demand, the equilibrium price will decrease while the quantity will increase.
In addition, it is important to consider any external factors that may have caused the shifts in both demand and supply. These factors could include changes in consumer preferences, government policies, technological advancements, or natural disasters.
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Briefly explain the assumptions associated with the constant dividend growth formula. . There are two important assumptions that are necessary for the formula to work correctly. First assumption i
The constant dividend growth formula, also known as the Gordon Growth Model, is used to value a company's stock by assuming that the dividends it pays will grow at a constant rate indefinitely.
This model is based on several key assumptions:
1. Constant Dividend Growth Rate: The formula assumes that the company's dividends will grow at a constant rate, denoted as "g." This growth rate is assumed to be sustainable over the long term. The assumption of constant growth is suitable for mature companies that have a history of stable dividend payments.
2. Dividends are the Primary Source of Returns: The model assumes that the primary source of investment returns for shareholders is the dividends received from the company. It does not take into account other factors such as capital gains or changes in stock price.
3. Single Growth Rate: The formula assumes a single constant growth rate for dividends. This means that the model does not consider changes in the growth rate over time or fluctuations in business conditions. It assumes a steady, predictable growth pattern.
4. Required Rate of Return is Greater than the Dividend Growth Rate: The formula assumes that the required rate of return, denoted as "r," is greater than the dividend growth rate "g." This assumption ensures that the growth rate does not exceed the investor's expected return.
5. Sustainable and Stable Dividend Policy: The constant dividend growth formula assumes that the company has a sustainable and stable dividend policy. It assumes that the company has a consistent payout ratio and the ability to generate sufficient earnings to support dividend growth.
6. Infinite Time Horizon: The model assumes that the constant growth rate and required rate of return will persist indefinitely. It assumes an infinite time horizon for the valuation, which may not be realistic in practice.
It's important to note that these assumptions are simplifications and may not accurately reflect the complexities and uncertainties of real-world situations. The constant dividend growth model is most suitable for valuing stable, mature companies with predictable dividend growth patterns. It may not be appropriate for valuing companies with volatile earnings, irregular dividend payments, or those in industries with significant growth or cyclical characteristics.
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Economic phenomena such as the rate of unemployment and inflation are studied in microeconomics.(T/F)? 2. During a recession, the economy often has higher rates of unemployment, whereas during a boom, the economy often has higher rates of inflation.(T/F)? 3. How does Specialization increase production? 4. Using your own example, explain opportunity cost. 5. What is the relationship between Division of labour and specialization. 6. Using your own example, distinguish between macro and micro economics. 7. Why are economic models useful? 8. Distinguish between fiscal and monetary policy
False. Economic phenomena such as the rate of unemployment and inflation are studied in macroeconomics, not microeconomics.
True. During a recession, the economy tends to experience higher rates of unemployment, while during a boom, the economy often sees higher rates of inflation.
Specialization increases production by allowing individuals, firms, or countries to focus on producing goods or services in which they have a comparative advantage. This allows for the efficient allocation of resources and the ability to produce more output with the same amount of resources.
Opportunity cost refers to the value of the next best alternative that is foregone when making a choice. It represents the trade-off of choosing one option over another. For example, if a person decides to attend a concert, the opportunity cost would be the value of the alternative activity they could have chosen instead, such as going to a movie.
The division of labor is a specific form of specialization where the production process is broken down into different tasks performed by different individuals or groups. Specialization is a broader concept that refers to the concentration of individuals, firms, or countries on specific activities or industries in which they have a comparative advantage. Division of labor is one way to achieve specialization in the production process.
Macro economics focuses on the overall behavior and performance of an economy as a whole, including aspects such as national income, unemployment, inflation, and economic growth. Microeconomics, on the other hand, examines the behavior and decision-making of individual consumers, firms, and industries. For example, macroeconomics would analyze national GDP, while microeconomics would study the demand and supply of a specific product in the market.
Economic models are useful because they simplify complex economic systems and allow economists to analyze and understand the relationships between different variables. Models help in making predictions, formulating policies, and testing theories by providing a structured framework to study economic phenomena.
Fiscal policy refers to the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy. It involves decisions regarding government expenditures on public goods and services and the collection of revenues through taxes. Monetary policy, on the other hand, involves controlling the money supply, interest rates, and credit conditions to influence economic activity.
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The following are all disadvantages of a Human Resources
Information System EXCEPT ......
Group of answer choices
Security
Integration of data
Cost
Staffing (IT support)
The following are all disadvantages of a Human Resources Information System EXCEPT staffing (IT support).
Human Resources Information System (HRIS) is a software or online solution that helps businesses with several HR functions. HRIS is an application of data technology solutions for managing personnel records and HR-related processes and services in a consistent, structured, and effective way.Disadvantages of Human Resources Information System:Following are the disadvantages of Human Resources Information System, except for Staffing (IT support)
Security issues: HRIS could create a significant security risk if it is not protected from external cyber threats and internal data breaches. Integration of data: Many businesses have trouble integrating data from multiple HRIS applications. This is especially true if the applications use distinct databases or have different standards for collecting and storing data.Costs: Implementing a new HRIS solution can be expensive.
Companies must assess their budget and determine whether a new HRIS system is worthwhile.Staff training: Staff will need to be trained on how to use the new system, which can be time-consuming and detract from other tasks. As a result, HRIS may not be utilized to its full potential.
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What are five questions Catherine and Jamie can ask the employees when they meet them?
Explain why you chose each question and how it will help resolve the three issues of the regional manager. Provide rationale for your decisions.
Explain who will ask each of the questions you developed (Catherine or Jamie). Provide rationale for your decisions.
The fifth question will help Catherine and Jamie to understand what can be done to improve customer satisfaction. This will help resolve the issue of low customer satisfaction as employees can provide insights on what can be done to improve customer satisfaction. Jamie will ask this question.
When Catherine and Jamie meet employees, they can ask the following five questions:What is your work experience?What are your goals?What do you need to improve on your work?What suggestions do you have to improve the sales performance?What can be done to improve customer satisfaction?The first question will help Catherine and Jamie to know the work experience of employees and can place them in positions that suit their skills and experience. This will help resolve the issue of underutilization of employees' skills and knowledge, thus increasing their motivation to work. Jamie will ask this question.The second question will help Catherine and Jamie to understand employees' individual goals and how they align with the company's goals. This will help resolve the issue of low motivation, as the employees will see how their personal goals align with the company goals, thus motivating them to work harder. Catherine will ask this question.The third question will help Catherine and Jamie to understand the areas of improvement needed for employees to perform better. This will help resolve the issue of low performance as the employees will be provided with areas of improvement to enhance their performance. Jamie will ask this question.The fourth question will help Catherine and Jamie to understand what suggestions employees have to improve the sales performance. This will help resolve the issue of low sales performance as employees can provide insights on how to improve the sales performance. Catherine will ask this question.The fifth question will help Catherine and Jamie to understand what can be done to improve customer satisfaction. This will help resolve the issue of low customer satisfaction as employees can provide insights on what can be done to improve customer satisfaction. Jamie will ask this question.
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what is the term for the type of interest rates that constitute the yield curve? what do these interest rates represent?
The term for the type of interest rates that constitute the yield curve is "bond yields" or "bond interest rates". These interest rates represent the return that investors receive for investing in different types of bonds with varying maturities.
The yield curve itself is a graphical representation of the relationship between bond yields and maturities, with longer-term bonds typically offering higher yields than shorter-term bonds. This can be used as an indicator of market expectations for future economic growth and inflation, as well as overall investor sentiment and risk appetite.
These interest rates represent the cost of borrowing for a government issuing bonds of various maturities, typically ranging from short-term (such as 1 month) to long-term (such as 30 years). The yield curve shows the relationship between the interest rate (or yield) and the time to maturity for these bonds.
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"It is not possible to attain productive and allocative efficiency in a natural monopoly." Explain and discuss this statement. In light of your discussion do you think governments should regulate natural monopolies, and if so, how? Describe it in 600 words
The statement "It is not possible to attain productive and allocative efficiency in a natural monopoly" suggests that a natural monopoly, which is a market structure where a single firm dominates the market, is inherently inefficient.
This is because natural monopolies have a high degree of market power, which can lead to the distortion of competition and the inefficient allocation of resources.
Productive efficiency refers to the production of goods and services at the lowest possible cost, while allocative efficiency refers to the allocation of goods and services to the consumers who value them the most. In a natural monopoly, the firm has the power to set prices above the competitive level, which can lead to higher prices for consumers and lower output than would be produced in a perfectly competitive market. This, in turn, can lead to a reduction in the overall welfare of society.
Moreover, natural monopolies can also lead to an inefficient allocation of resources. For example, a natural monopoly may invest in excess capacity, leading to overproduction and wastage of resources. Additionally, the firm may have an incentive to delay investment in new technologies or to engage in other forms of inefficient behavior.
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An overpass and traffic interchange is proposed for a certain intersection. The traffic this year will average 10,000 vehicles per day and is expected to increase at the rate of 10 percent per year. This growth rate is expected to continue for the next 20 years. The interchange is estimated to cost $2,000,000. Maintenance costs are estimated to be about the same with the interchange as without it. The savings in time, fuel, wear and tear, accidental property dam- age, and personal injury are expected to average about $0.02 per vehicle. Assume all savings accrue at EOY. The project can be financed at 7 percent interest on a loan and road bond money. Is the project justifiable on the basis of the information given? (Ans. Savings, P = $1,796,000)
The savings amount to $1,796,000 (as mentioned in the answer), and the NPV is positive, then the project can be considered justifiable based on the information provided
Given:
Average daily traffic: 10,000 vehicles
Annual growth rate: 10%
Growth rate duration: 20 years
Cost of interchange: $2,000,000
Estimated savings per vehicle: $0.02
First, let's calculate the total savings over the 20-year period:
Determine the future traffic after 20 years:
Future traffic = Average daily traffic * (1 + growth rate)^number of years
Future traffic = 10,000 * (1 + 0.10)^20 ≈ 63,014 vehicles per day
Calculate the annual savings:
Annual savings = Future traffic * savings per vehicle
Annual savings = 63,014 * $0.02 = $1,260.28 (approximately)
Calculate the total savings over 20 years:
Total savings = Annual savings * number of years
Total savings = $1,260.28 * 20 = $25,205.6 (approximately)
Next, let's calculate the present value of the savings using a discount rate of 7%:
Present value factor = 1 / (1 + discount rate)^number of years
Present value factor = 1 / (1 + 0.07)^20 ≈ 0.377
Present value of savings = Total savings * Present value factor
Present value of savings = $25,205.6 * 0.377 ≈ $9,503.93
Finally, we can evaluate the project's justifiability by comparing the present value of savings with the cost of the interchange:
Net Present Value (NPV) = Present value of savings - Cost of interchange
NPV = $9,503.93 - $2,000,000 ≈ -$1,790,496.07
Since the NPV is negative, it indicates that the project does not generate positive returns and is not justifiable based on the given information. The cost of the interchange outweighs the estimated savings, resulting in a negative NPV.
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A bank offers to its clients a saving account with 6% p.a. interest, compounded monthly. A client wishes to deposit a certain fixed monthly sum in this account, at the end of each month, such that after exactly one year he will have 2500 EUR in this account. If no other transactions are to be made to this account, find the fixed monthly sum.
To find the fixed monthly sum that the client needs to deposit in the savings account, we can use the formula for the future value of an ordinary annuity.
The future value of an ordinary annuity formula is given by: FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r, where FV is the future value, P is the fixed monthly payment, r is the interest rate per period, and n is the number of periods.
In this case, the future value (FV) is 2500 EUR, the interest rate (r) is 6% per year (or 0.06), and the compounding period is monthly. The number of periods (n) is 12 (as there are 12 months in a year).
By plugging in these values into the formula, we can solve for the fixed monthly payment (P).
To find the fixed monthly sum, we rearrange the formula as follows:
P = FV * [r / (1 + r)^n - 1].
Using the given values, the calculation would be: P = 2500 * [0.06 / (1 + 0.06)^12 - 1].
By performing this calculation, we can determine the fixed monthly sum that the client needs to deposit in the savings account to accumulate 2500 EUR after one year, considering the given interest rate and compounding frequency.
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• Select a service firm you know well, and obtain additional information from a literature review, website, company publication, blog, and so on.
• Analyze the service firm along the key aspects of the Service-Profit Chain. Assess how well the firm is performing at the various components of the Service-Profit Chain, and make specific suggestions for improvements.
• What is the role of senior management in moving a firm toward consistently delivering service excellence?
• Describe the seven components of traditional and extended marketing mix in this service firm for managing the customer interface.
• What supplementary services are offered? How do they enhance service delivery?
Service firms represent businesses that offer services instead of physical products. The hospitality industry, banking, consulting, and healthcare are examples of service industries. The retail industry is also included. I have chosen the retail industry for this task. I will discuss the key aspects of the service-profit chain and analyze the retail service firm using these aspects.
Service-Profit Chain The Service-Profit Chain depicts the link between employee satisfaction, customer loyalty, and profitability. The Service-Profit Chain has the following key aspects:
Employee satisfaction - The more satisfied the employees are, the higher the chances of delivering excellent service to the customers resulting in increased customer loyalty. Customer loyalty - Loyal customers are those who have an emotional attachment to the company. They return to the company, buy more, and also recommend the company to others resulting in increased sales and revenue. Value - It is about the quality of service being provided and the price customers pay.
Service Excellence Senior management plays a crucial role in moving a firm towards consistently delivering service excellence. Senior management should be the driving force behind the firm's culture and core values. Senior management should provide guidance, direction, and support to employees, setting the tone for a customer-centric culture.
Seven Components of Traditional and Extended Marketing Mix in the Retail Service Firm for Managing the Customer Interface The seven components of the traditional and extended marketing mix in the retail service firm for managing the customer interface are:
Product - It is about the products being offered by the firm, such as their quality, price, design, and features. Price - It is the price customers pay for the products or services being offered by the firm. Promotion - It includes the communication mix, advertising, sales promotions, personal selling, and public relations.
Supplementary Services Offered and How They Enhance Service Delivery The retail service firm offers a variety of supplementary services that enhance service delivery. these supplementary services enhance service delivery by providing convenience to customers, making the shopping
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NOTE: Currently pursuing MBA, will do specialization in the HR field and want to become HR manager and after 2 -3 years of experience want to become CPHR.
Identify five action steps that are crucial to achieving your career development plan? (Put heading action steps and describe them in short paragraphs- 3-4 sentences maximum)
Career development plan refers to an individual's strategy for achieving their career goals. Identifying action steps to achieving these goals is crucial to career success.
Below are five essential action steps to achieving a career development plan:Action step 1: Pursue an MBA with a Specialization in HR FieldEnrolling in a Master of Business Administration (MBA) program is an essential first step towards achieving a career in Human Resource Management (HRM). Pursuing an MBA with a specialization in HR field provides the necessary knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the field.Action step 2: Gain Work Experience After MBA DegreeIt is necessary to gain relevant work experience in the HR field after completing an MBA program. This experience provides hands-on knowledge and exposure to the daily operations of an HR department. It also provides an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills learned in an MBA program in a real-world setting.Action step 3: Obtain Relevant CertificationIn addition to work experience, it is essential to obtain relevant certification in the HR field. Certifications such as the Certified Professional in Human Resources (CPHR) help distinguish an individual in the job market. Obtaining certification also demonstrates a commitment to the profession and provides a competitive edge in the job market.Action step 4: NetworkingNetworking is an essential aspect of career development. Building a strong network of contacts provides an opportunity to learn from experienced HR professionals, gain insights into industry trends, and potentially find job opportunities. Networking can be achieved through attending conferences, joining professional organizations, and online platforms such as LinkedIn.Action step 5: Continuous LearningContinuous learning is necessary to keep up with the changing trends in the HR field. Attending seminars, workshops, and training sessions provides an opportunity to update knowledge and skills. Continuous learning also demonstrates a commitment to personal and professional growth which is essential in career development.
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D Limited has two employees, John and Wayne, making product E. During one week, both employees worked for 40 hours. John's rate of pay was $3.20 per hour and he produced 180 units of E. Wayne's rate of pay was $2.75 per hour and he produced 150 units. The budgeted time allowed to complete one unit of E is 15 minutes. Each employee is guaranteed a minimum wage based on his respective hourly rate. (a) Calculate the gross wage for the two employees if payment is determined on a day worked basis? (b) Calculate the gross wage for the two employees if payment is determined on a piecework basis at rate of $0.72 per unit? (c) What is the gross wage for the two employees if a bonus is paid at $2.40 for each hour saved?
To calculate the gross wage for employees John and Wayne, we need to consider different payment methods: day worked basis, piecework basis, and a bonus for hours saved.
For the day worked basis, we multiply the number of hours worked by the hourly rate for each employee. John's gross wage is $3.20 per hour multiplied by 40 hours, while Wayne's gross wage is $2.75 per hour multiplied by 40 hours. For the piecework basis, we multiply the number of units produced by the unit rate. John's gross wage is $0.72 per unit multiplied by 180 units, and Wayne's gross wage is $0.72 per unit multiplied by 150 units. To calculate the gross wage with a bonus for hours saved, we need to determine the time saved by each employee. The budgeted time allowed per unit is 15 minutes, so we calculate the time saved by subtracting the actual time taken to produce the units from the budgeted time. The bonus rate is $2.40 per hour. By converting the time saved to hours and multiplying it by the bonus rate, we can determine the bonus for each employee.
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Exopain your understanding of ecotourism atleast in 1000
words.
Ecotourism refers to responsible travel that promotes conservation and sustainable development.
This type of tourism involves visiting natural and cultural sites while minimizing the negative impact on the environment and supporting local communities. The concept of ecotourism is based on the principle that tourism should be sustainable, with benefits for both the traveler and the host community. Ecotourism has become increasingly popular in recent years, as more people are becoming aware of the importance of protecting natural habitats and cultural heritage sites.
One of the primary goals of ecotourism is to provide an authentic travel experience that connects travelers with local communities and the natural environment. This type of tourism promotes cultural exchange, encourages respect for local customs, and provides an opportunity to learn about the natural world. Ecotourism also supports local economies by providing employment opportunities and generating income for small businesses.
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The estimated times and immediate predecessors for the activities in a project at Howard Umrah's retinal scanning company are given in the following table. Assume that the activity times are independent. This exercise contains only parts a, b, c, d, and e.
Part a: The critical path for the project can be calculated by finding the longest path through the network. To do this, we will need to find the earliest start time (EST) and latest finish time (LFT) for each activity. The EST is the earliest time an activity can start based on the completion times of its immediate predecessors. The LFT is the latest time an activity can finish without delaying the project.
Part b: The earliest start and finish times for each activity can be calculated using the following formulas:
EST (start of activity) = max{LFT (end of immediate predecessor)} + 1
EFT (end of activity) = EST (start of activity) + activity time - 1
Using these formulas, we can calculate the EST and EFT for each activity, as shown in the table below:
Activity | Immediate Predecessor | Time (weeks) | EST | EFT
A | -- | 5 | 1 | 5
B | A | 4 | 6 | 9
C | A | 3 | 6 | 8
D | B | 2 | 10 | 11
E | C, D | 1 | 12 | 12
F | E | 3 | 13 | 15
Part c: The latest start and finish times for each activity can be calculated using the following formulas:
LFT (end of activity) = min{EST (start of immediate successor)} - 1
LST (start of activity) = LFT (end of activity) - activity time + 1
Using these formulas, we can calculate the LST and LFT for each activity, as shown in the table below:
Activity | Immediate Predecessor | Time (weeks) | EST | EFT | LST | LFT
A | -- | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5
B | A | 4 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 9
C | A | 3 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 8
D | B | 2 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 11
E | C, D | 1 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12
F | E | 3 | 13 | 15 | 13 | 15
Part d: The total project completion time is equal to the length of the critical path, which is the longest path through the network. In this case, the critical path is A-B-D-E-F, with a length of 10 weeks.
Part e: The activities that are not on the critical path are those that have some slack, or float, which is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the project. Activities B, C, and D each have one week of float. Activity E has no float, which means it must be completed on time in order to avoid delaying the project.
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The forecasted value for the Korean Won is MXNO.0112 and its realized value is MXNO.0221. What is the forecast error (root square error) for the Korean Won?
A) 0.9732 B) 0.1030 C) -0.1030 D) None of them E) 0.0733
To calculate the forecast error (root square error) for the Korean Won, we need to subtract the realized value from the forecasted value and take the absolute value. Then, we square the result and take the square root.
Forecast Error = √(|Forecasted Value - Realized Value|)
Forecasted Value = MXNO.0112
Realized Value = MXNO.0221
Forecast Error = √(|MXNO.0112 - MXNO.0221|)
Converting the exchange rates to a common currency:
Forecasted Value = 0.0112
Realized Value = 0.0221
Forecast Error = √(|0.0112 - 0.0221|) = √(0.0109) ≈ 0.1045
The closest option to the calculated forecast error is:
B) 0.1030
Therefore, the correct answer is B) 0.1030.
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a(n) _____ will shift the aggregate consumption function up.
An increase in disposable income will shift the aggregate consumption function up. The level of consumption of goods and services in an economy depends on various factors.
One of these factors is disposable income. When there is a change in disposable income, the aggregate consumption function shifts upwards or downwards. The aggregate consumption function shows the amount of consumption expenditure in the economy that depends on the level of income available to individuals or households. A consumption function represents the relationship between consumption expenditure and the level of income. It is a statistical relationship that describes how household spending or aggregate expenditure is related to national income or GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The consumption function states that consumption expenditure is a function of disposable income. It is represented as C = a + bYd where C represents consumption expenditure, a is autonomous consumption, b is the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), and Yd is disposable income. If disposable income increases, there will be an increase in consumption expenditure and vice versa. Thus, an increase in disposable income will shift the aggregate consumption function up.
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5 o Part 3 of 4 14.28 points Help Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Corrigan Enterprises is studying the acquisition of two electrical component insertion systems for producing its sole product, the universal gismo. Data relevant to the systems follow. Model no. 67541 Variable costs, $16.00 per unit Annual fixed costs, $986,000 Model no. 43991 Variable costs, $11.80 per unit Annual fixed costs, $1,113,900 Corrigan's selling price is $61 per unit for the universal gismo, which is subject to a 15 percent sales commission. (In the following requirements, ignore income taxes.) 3. Assume Model 4399 requires the purchase of additional equipment that is not reflected in the preceding figures. The equipment will cost $440,000 and will be depreciated over a five-year life by the straight-line method. How many units must Corrigan sell to earn $969,000 of income if Model 4399 is selected? As in requirement 2, sales and production are expected to average 46,000 units per year. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer up to nearest whole number.) units Required sales Skipped eBook Pont References Save & Exit Submit Check my work our dund ome as ons and
Assume Model 4399 requires the purchase of additional equipment that is not reflected in the preceding figures. The equipment will cost $440,000 and will be depreciated over a five-year life by the straight-line method.
As in requirement 2, sales and production are expected to average 46,000 units per year. For the calculation of income, we will first determine the total cost of the system with the additional equipment. Annual fixed costs of model no. 43991 = $1,113,900 Annual fixed cost of the equipment = $440,000
Depreciation of equipment = $440,000/5 = $88,000
Variable costs of model no. 4399 = $11.80 per unit
Total annual cost = $1,113,900 + $440,000 + $88,000 + $542,800 (46,000 × $11.80) = $2,184,700
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit = $61 - $11.80 = $49.20
Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin per unit / Selling price per unit
= $49.20 / $61 = 0.806557377Required income = $969,000
Target profit = Total cost - Required Income
= $2,184,700 - $969,000 = $1,215,700
Break-even sales = Total cost / Contribution margin ratio
= $1,215,700 / 0.806557377 = $1,505,535.57
Break-even units = Break-even sales / Selling price per unit = $1,505,535.57 / $61 = 24,672.409Let x be the number of units required to earn $969,000 of income.
Total sales = x unit selling price per unit = $61 Commission rate = 15%
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit × (1 - Commission rate) - Variable cost per unit
= $61 × (1 - 0.15) - $11.80= $44.85
Income = (Contribution margin per unit × x units) - Total fixed cost - Depreciation
= ($44.85 × x) - $2,184,700
Required income = (Contribution margin per unit × x units) - Total fixed cost - Depreciation
($44.85 × x) - $2,184,700 = $969,000x = ($969,000 + $2,184,700) / $44.85x = 67,965.784
Break-even units = 24,673 (rounded up) Units required to earn $969,000 of income = 67,966 (rounded up)
Therefore, Corrigan Enterprises must sell 67,966 units to earn $969,000 of income if Model 4399 is selected.
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true or false , The tails of the t distribution contain less area
than the tails of the normal distribution.
False. The tails of the t distribution contain more area than the tails of the normal distribution. The t distribution has fatter tails, reflecting the greater probability of observing extreme values in comparison to the normal distribution.
The tails of a distribution refer to the extreme ends of the distribution, where the probabilities of observing values are relatively low. In the case of the t distribution, which is a probability distribution used in hypothesis testing and constructing confidence intervals for small sample sizes, the tails have more area compared to the tails of the standard normal distribution. The reason for this lies in the shape of the t distribution. The t distribution has thicker tails compared to the normal distribution, which means it assigns more probability to extreme values. This characteristic is due to the additional uncertainty introduced by estimating the population standard deviation from a small sample. In contrast, the normal distribution has relatively thinner tails, meaning it assigns less probability to extreme values compared to the t distribution. The tails of the normal distribution asymptotically approach zero, indicating that extreme values are highly unlikely.
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