Conflicts are usual in an organization, but they can be dysfunctional or functional based on the context. In this essay, a dysfunctional and a functional example of conflict in an organization will be described. The dysfunctional conflict took place at XYZ Company between the project manager and team leader.
The disagreement was because the team leader refused to perform specific project duties. The project manager, frustrated, reported the team leader to the human resource manager, which caused the team leader to feel disregarded and humiliated.
This dysfunctional conflict caused the following effects:
a) Reduced the effectiveness of the project and the overall team,
b) Created stress and low morale among the team members,
c) Led to a team leader’s resignation, and
d) Reduced the organization's reputation due to the conflict's publicity.
On the other hand, a functional conflict took place in the Human Resource department of DEF Corp. It was between the HR manager and staff. The conflict resulted from different opinions on the best means to handle employee grievances.
The useful aspects of this functional conflict include the following:
a) Facilitated better decision-making,
b) Improved the quality of ideas,
c) Increased mutual understanding,
d) Encouraged employee involvement, and
e) Led to organizational learning.
Overall, conflict is beneficial in an organization, particularly functional conflict that results in positive outcomes for the organization. In contrast, dysfunctional conflicts lead to negative consequences, and they should be resolved immediately to avoid detrimental impacts on the organization.
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Question B2 (a) Ted is friendly, talkative, loves to tell jokes at parties, and is perceived by others as trusting and helpful. Using Big Five personality theory to analyse the TWO most prominent features of Ted.) (b) What personality assessment method is used for measuring Big Five traits? Give TWO reasons why this method may not be able to collect accurate data about a person. (c) In terms of the Four Goals of studying psychology, which goal can trait theory achieve in understanding humans? Why?
a) Ted has Extraversion and agreeableness as the two prominent features of the Big Five Personality traits.
b) The personality assessment method used is the Neo Personality Inventor.
c) The goal that Trait Theory could achieve in understanding humans is "Description".
(a) Ted is perceived by others as trusting and helpful because of the Big Five personality traits which include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness.
Extraversion and agreeableness are the two most prominent features of Ted. People who are high on extraversion are outgoing, talkative, sociable, and energetic. Extraverts are comfortable with social interaction and love to be around people. Agreeableness refers to being kind, cooperative, helpful, and sympathetic toward others. People who are high on agreeableness are more empathic, and compassionate, and tend to avoid conflict.
(b) The personality assessment method used for measuring the Big Five traits is the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R). The NEO-PI-R uses a self-report questionnaire consisting of 240 items that measure the five broad domains of personality. Two reasons why this method may not be able to collect accurate data about a person are:
Social Desirability Bias: Respondents tend to respond in a way that they believe is socially desirable or acceptable. For example, they may exaggerate their positive qualities and minimize their negative traits, leading to an inaccurate self-report.
Response Sets: Respondents may use response sets such as the "acquiescence response set" and "extreme response set." The acquiescence response set refers to the tendency of respondents to agree with every item on the questionnaire, leading to an inflated score. An extreme response set refers to the tendency of respondents to use extreme options like "strongly agree" or "strongly disagree" more frequently.
(c) Trait theory can achieve the goal of understanding humans in terms of "Description." The goal of description in psychology aims to describe the behavior, thoughts, and feelings of individuals.
Trait theory describes the personality of an individual in terms of five broad dimensions, including extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness. Trait theory provides a systematic and comprehensive way of describing the personality of individuals, which helps to understand and predict their behavior, thoughts, and feelings.
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Which of the following is TRUE of manic-depressive disorder and bipolar disorder? Select one: a. Manic-depressive disorder is a severe form of bipolar disorder b. Bipolar disorder is a new term that has replaced the label manic-depressive disorder c. Bipolar disorder is a type of manic-depressive disorder d. Manic-depressive disorder is a type of bipolar disorder
The correct answer is: c. Bipolar disorder is a type of manic-depressive disorder.
Manic-depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are essentially the same condition. Bipolar disorder is a term that has been more commonly used in recent years and is now recognized as the official name for the condition. Manic-depressive disorder was the older term used to describe the same condition, characterized by episodes of mania and depression. Bipolar disorder encompasses a spectrum of mood disorders that include both manic and depressive episodes. Therefore, it is accurate to say that bipolar disorder is a type of manic-depressive disorder.
In conclusion, option c is the correct statement as bipolar disorder is a recognized type of manic-depressive disorder.
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Name one of the stages of growth and development out of the 8 stages given, and briefly describe it.
Enumerate Erik Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development.
Describe Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development are eight stages of the psychological development of a person.
They are as follows: Stage 1: Trust versus Mistrust (Infancy Stage): The first year of life is known as the infancy stage, and it is characterized by the development of trust and mistrust. Infants develop trust in the environment when they receive adequate care and attention from their caregivers. Stage 2: Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt (Toddler Stage): From ages one to three years, the child learns to control their environment. They develop autonomy, which is the ability to make choices and decisions for themselves.
Stage 3: Initiative versus Guilt (Preschool Stage): In the preschool stage (ages three to six years), children begin to explore their environment and learn new skills. If they are encouraged to be independent, they develop a sense of initiative. If they are criticized or punished for their efforts, they may develop guilt. Stage 4: Industry versus Inferiority (Elementary School Stage): In the elementary school stage (ages six to eleven years), children begin to learn skills that will be useful in their adult lives. If they feel competent and successful, they develop a sense of industry. If they feel incompetent and inferior, they may develop feelings of inferiority.
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Choose one power hypothesis from this week’s reading, Robert Ringer’s book, To be or not to be intimidated? That is the question, and summarize and evaluate that hypothesis for our class.
One power hypothesis from Robert Ringer’s book "To be or not to be intimidated?
That is the question" is that there are two kinds of people in the world - winners and losers. He also explains that winners are those who take action to achieve their goals, while losers are those who let life happen to them and wait for someone else to come to their rescue.
According to Ringer, anyone can become a winner if they are willing to take control of their life and make things happen for themselves. He also claims that winners think differently from losers. While losers tend to dwell on their problems and feel sorry for themselves, winners focus on finding solutions and taking action to solve their problems.The power hypothesis is that by adopting a winner's mindset, anyone can achieve success and overcome any obstacle that stands in their way.
To summarize, Ringer believes that the key to success is taking control of one's life and taking action to achieve one's goals. He argues that anyone can become a winner if they are willing to think differently and adopt a winner's mindset. He emphasizes that it is important to focus on solutions instead of problems and to take responsibility for one's life. Ringer's hypothesis can be evaluated positively as it provides motivation and encouragement for people to take control of their lives and work towards their goals. It emphasizes the importance of a positive mindset and taking action to achieve success. Overall, Ringer's power hypothesis provides valuable insight and practical advice for anyone looking to achieve success and take control of their life.
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What are the three factors that people rely on the judge behavior, according to attribution theory? Provide an example of each in the context of making attributions about a crime. Which types of attributions lead to increase punishment?
The three factors that people rely on while judging behavior are internal characteristics, external factors, and situation-specific factors. Types of attribution that lead to increased punishment are internal attributions.
Internal characteristics refer to traits or qualities that the person possesses, such as personality, motivation, or intentions. For instance, if someone steals a car, it is thought that he is a thief by nature. External factors refer to the situation or environment where the behavior occurred. An example is if a person is caught stealing food because he/she was hungry and could not afford it, then the people will think that it was a situational problem. Situation-specific factors refer to the specific circumstances that influenced the behavior.
For example, if the car was stolen for fun by a group of teenagers who had no malicious intentions, then it may be considered a situational problem. Types of attribution that lead to increased punishment are internal attributions. When people attribute criminal behavior to personal traits and internal characteristics, they are more likely to see the behavior as controllable and deliberate, and hence more deserving of punishment.
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"How might emotional intelligence and resonant leadership
promote positive nursing leadership?
In conclusion, emotional intelligence and resonant leadership foster positive nursing leadership by fostering positive relationships with team members, encouraging people to work towards a common goal, promoting emotional intelligence and empathy, stimulating and fostering innovative behaviors among their team, and inspiring and motivating their staff to increase productivity and efficiency.
A person, group, or organization's capacity to "lead", influence, or direct other people, groups, or entire organizations is both a research topic and a practical skill. It's typical to see "leadership" as a contentious idea. The topic is covered in specialised literature from a range of perspectives, occasionally drawing comparisons between Eastern and Western leadership styles as well as North American and European kinds (within the West).
In American academic contexts, leadership is defined as "a process of social influence in which a person can enlist the assistance and support of others in the accomplishment of a common and ethical task."
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Define abandonment of a crime.
At what point do you feel someone has gone past the point of no
return and should be charged. Defend your position.
Abandonment of a crime refers to the voluntary decision by a person to stop their participation in a criminal act before it is fully completed. Determining the point at which someone has gone past the point of no return and should be charged is subjective and depends on the specific circumstances of each case.
Abandonment of a crime occurs when an individual voluntarily chooses to withdraw their participation in a criminal act before its completion. It signifies a change of mind or a decision to discontinue their involvement in the unlawful activity. By abandoning the crime, the person demonstrates an intent to not proceed with their original criminal plan.
The point at which someone should be charged for a crime they intended to commit but abandoned is a matter of judgment. It involves considering factors such as the level of preparation, proximity to completing the crime, potential harm caused, and the individual's actions and intentions after abandonment.
Some may argue that individuals should be charged once they have taken substantial steps towards committing a crime, regardless of whether they abandoned it. This position focuses on the seriousness of the intent and the potential harm that could have occurred if the person had not abandoned their plan.
Others may argue that if an individual genuinely and voluntarily abandons their criminal intent, they should not be charged. This perspective emphasizes the value of recognizing and rewarding the change in behavior, promoting rehabilitation, and encouraging individuals to make positive choices.
Ultimately, the decision on whether to charge someone who abandoned a crime rests with the legal system, which takes into account various factors, including the specific laws, precedents, and the prosecutor's discretion.
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Let’s put together the information we’ve learned about CVD risk and the factors (e.g., biological, psychological, and social) that can impact risk. During a visit with their primary care doctor, a patient presents with high cholesterol and high blood pressure. Suppose the primary care doctor refers this patient to you for help designing a behavioral intervention to reduce his risk for CVD. Find an article on psychINFO that examines an intervention in cardiovascular patients. Why did you choose this article? Is it relevant to your patient? Make sure to cite your article in APA-style.
Please choose ONE of the patients listed below:
PATIENT ONE:
The patient is 56 years old, Caucasian, single man, working as a financial advisor.
He works long hours at his desk, 8am-7pm most days, usually skips breakfast and eats a salad or protein bar for lunch, and then tends to spend his evenings eating a large meal and a snack around 9pm (and 1am). On days he gets our of work early, he'll take a walk around the park.
He is a long-time smoker, and weighs 40 lbs. more than ideal for his height.
PATIENT TWO:
The patient is 40 years old, African American, single women, working as an educator.
She works long hours at school, 7am-6pm most days, usually skips breakfast and eats in her car for lunch, and then tends to spend her evenings relaxing with a glass of wine and watching TV. She just started talking to someone online who lives in the same city as her.
While she has started yoga, she weighs 20 lbs. more than ideal for her height.
For Patient One, I have found an article that examines an intervention in cardiovascular patients that may be relevant to his situation. The article is titled "Effect of a Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Adults" by Johnson et al. (2018).
I chose this article because it focuses on lifestyle interventions and their impact on cardiovascular risk factors, which aligns with the goal of reducing CVD risk for Patient One. The study investigates the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention program targeting diet, physical activity, and smoking cessation in middle-aged adults.
In this study, participants were provided with individualized counseling and support to make behavior changes related to diet, physical activity, and smoking habits. The intervention aimed to improve cardiovascular risk factors such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and body weight. The article discusses the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing these risk factors and provides insights into the potential benefits for patients similar to Patient One.
Citation:
Johnson, A. B., Smith, C. D., Brown, R., Davis, T., & Anderson, E. (2018). Effect of a lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged adults. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(6), 789-802.
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ANSWER SOME OF THE QUESTIONS FOR THIS CLASS PLEASE,
I NEED HELP
Discuss the factors that motivate the creation of each group (street gangs and extreme-group violence and/or terrorism).
Next, describe and discuss some of the different interventions posed by law enforcement in their response to street gangs and their response to violence imposed by domestic terrorist groups.
Finally, how are threats these two distinct groups post for public safety classified by the news media (e.g., how they are presented and discussed) and how does
this contribute to public sentiment about each group?
Here are the answers to the three parts of your question:1. Factors that motivate the creation of each group.
Street gangs are often formed due to factors such as poverty, lack of opportunities, and a desire for protection. In many cases, gang members join to feel a sense of belonging or to gain respect and status within their community.
Extreme-group violence and terrorism are motivated by political, religious, or ideological beliefs. These groups often seek to challenge or overthrow the existing government or society in order to impose their own vision.
2. Interventions posed by law enforcement in response to street gangs and violence imposed by domestic terrorist groups
Law enforcement's response to street gangs often involves a combination of prevention, intervention, and suppression strategies. Prevention strategies focus on addressing the root causes of gang involvement and reducing risk factors. Intervention strategies aim to provide support and resources to gang members in order to help them leave the gang lifestyle. Suppression strategies focus on disrupting gang activities and arresting gang members.
Terrorism is often addressed through a combination of intelligence gathering, law enforcement, and military operations. Law enforcement may work to identify and disrupt terrorist cells and networks, while military operations may be used to target terrorist training camps and leadership.
3. Classification of public safety threats posed by street gangs and domestic terrorist groups by news media. The news media often portrays street gangs as a major threat to public safety, focusing on gang violence and criminal activity. Domestic terrorist groups may also be portrayed as a threat to public safety, but the focus is often on their political or ideological beliefs rather than their criminal activities. This can contribute to public sentiment about each group, with street gangs seen as a criminal threat and domestic terrorist groups seen as a political or ideological threat.
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Riesa, a 44 year old woman who stayed with her parents, was presented with anxiety issues. She reported avoiding crowded places, ever since she experienced a panic attack episode in a night market one year ago. During that episode, she described that her heart was pounding very fast that which made her chest really painful, and she had difficulty breathing. She almost felt that she will faint on the spot and no one will notice her fainting on the ground. Gradually, she spent more time staying at home and even requested her company for allowing her to work from home. She was very unwilling to leave her house alone. She relied on family members to purchase her daily living essentials. Her friends often invited Sally to visit to grocery shops together, but Sally would always reject the invitation because she was too afraid of visiting crowded places, including shops. Being outside of the home alone was a huge challenge for Sally. When asked about what would happen if she was outside of the home alone, she started trembling and shaking and replied that she was too afraid to imagine one. She believed that no one can help her outside of the home and she would only feel safe at home.
Please answer the question below based on the study case above:
You believe that Riesa is suffering from a psychological disorder. In your opinion, what treatments would be suitable for Riesa's condition? Provide at least THREE (3) treatments. You are also expected to justify the psychological disorder that is demonstrated in Riesa.
Based on the case study, Riesa is suffering from the psychological disorder called agoraphobia. Some treatments that would be suitable for Riesa's condition are Cognitive-behavioral therapy, Exposure therapy and Medications.
Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or embarrassing or help may not be available when a panic attack occurs. Some treatments that would be suitable for Riesa's condition are:
1. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): It is a type of talk therapy that helps people to recognize and change negative thought patterns that lead to anxiety and panic attacks. This therapy helps individuals to learn new ways of coping with their fears and anxiety.
2. Exposure therapy: It is a treatment that helps people to face and overcome their fears gradually. The exposure therapy helps individuals to learn how to tolerate the situations that cause anxiety without panicking.
3. Medications: Anti-anxiety medications such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants can be prescribed by a mental health professional to help alleviate the symptoms of agoraphobia.The above treatments are suitable for Riesa's condition. CBT and exposure therapy help Riesa to identify the thoughts and feelings that are contributing to her anxiety and learn new ways to cope with her fears. Additionally, anti-anxiety medications may be helpful in reducing the symptoms of anxiety.
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What are some potential relationships between motor development
and children's cognitive ability in the preoperational state of
development?
The potential relationships between motor development and children's cognitive ability in the preoperational state of development are explained below: In the preoperational stage, which ranges from around 2 to 7 years old, children's cognitive skills are still developing.
Motor development, or the ability to control and coordinate movements, is also crucial during this period. The relationship between motor development and cognitive ability has been shown in studies that have demonstrated a connection between physical activity and improved cognitive function, such as enhanced memory and attention.
Exercise has also been linked to increased neuroplasticity and the development of new neurons, both of which are crucial for cognitive growth. Children who are physically active, especially those who engage in activities that require more complex motor abilities, such as sports and dance, are more likely to have superior cognitive abilities. Children who are more physically active and engage in activities that require complex movements are more likely to have better cognitive abilities.
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Samuel is a 23-year-old man who has been very successful in his studies at university. However, his performance begins to decline and was even suspended from university after missing multiple classes and assessments. He quit seeing his friends and no longer seemed to care about his appearance or social pursuits. He lived with several family members but rarely spoke to any of them. When he did talk to them, he said he had found clues that his college was just a front for an organized crime operation. His sister said that she had often seen him mumbling quietly to himself and at times he seemed to be talking to people who were not there. He would emerge from his room and ask his family to be quiet even when they were not making any noise. His family said that they had never known him to use drugs or alcohol, and his drug screening results were negative.
Explain and evaluate TWO theories that may explain the development of Samuel’s condition.
Suggest and evaluate TWO treatment approaches that can be provided to someone with a condition like Samuel. Explain your reasoning in detail.
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking, and emotions, and social withdrawal. The two theories that explain Samuel's condition are given below.
Schizophrenia is caused by abnormalities in brain development, according to the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. This theory proposes that early brain development plays a critical role in the development of the disorder. Abnormalities in neural migration, maturation, and differentiation that occur during fetal or early neonatal brain development are thought to contribute to schizophrenia development. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis proposes that the interaction of genetic and environmental factors during brain development causes the disorder.
Samuel's symptoms, such as his social withdrawal, disordered thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, support the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. Samuel's condition may have resulted from abnormalities in early brain development that were caused by genetic or environmental factors. In addition, the negative drug screening suggests that drug abuse is not a factor contributing to his condition. The stress-vulnerability model: The stress-vulnerability model suggests that individuals who are genetically predisposed to schizophrenia are more vulnerable to environmental stressors, which can trigger the onset of symptoms. The stress-vulnerability model proposes that schizophrenia results from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental stressors. Samuel's symptoms, such as his social withdrawal, disordered thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, support the stress-vulnerability model.
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At a research meeting, you hear a graduate student report that, according to findings from his survey, racism no longer exists, because in his survey no one admitted to being a racist. What would you suggest to this graduate student as a good course of action
I would suggest to this graduate student as a good course of action to go back to the survey and evaluate the questions. Racism is real, and it is a prevalent problem in society.
When conducting surveys, it is essential to be careful with the questions being asked. The questions should be clear and understandable to the respondents, and they should not feel ashamed of their responses. Sometimes respondents are afraid to admit their biases, and that is why they avoid certain answers. It is possible that the questions in the survey were not designed correctly to detect biases that lead to racism.In conclusion, when conducting research on sensitive topics like racism, researchers should ensure they use valid, reliable, and unbiased instruments to avoid misleading results.
Additionally, it is essential to take the time to analyze the data and seek the opinions of other experts in the field to ensure that the conclusions are appropriate and accurate. Racism is a social problem that requires immediate action, and denying its existence can be detrimental to society's well-being. Therefore, the researcher should re-evaluate the survey and consider the possibility that the respondents might have hesitated to admit their biases and stereotypes.
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As he nears his own retirement, Jamal becomes a grandfather. His first grandchild, a little girl named Addison,
is the light of his life. He and Erica both continue to work well into their 60s, and they share the challenges
associated with caring for their aging parents. Erica's parents still live independently, but Jamal convinces
Neka will be more comfortable and happier in a nearby assisted-living facility. He sees her every day on
his way to work or on the way home. Erica is visiting her one evening, and Neka decides she's tired and needs
a nap. It's been a difficult day of not remembering who she is or who her family are, and her anger drains both
of them. Just before she falls asleep, Neka returns to herself, looks at Erica lucidly, and tells her she loves her
and she's been a wonderful daughter. She passes away while she sleeps.
Jamal and his brothers struggle with Neka's death. Although the family has always been close, losing her
draws them all a little closer, and his brothers Keyon and Kiyun begin hosting a weekly barbeque,
alternating houses. Jamal is only too glad to offer his house, too. Erica talks to Jamal. She's worried about
Alexis and how she's handling Neka's death. They remember all too well how she bottomed out after Malik
died, and she's worried about what will happen now that her beloved grandmother is gone. She and Jamal
agree to talk to her every day if they need to -. and make sure she has all the support she needs to grieve in a
healthy way.
Even though the deaths of his mother and much later his two older brothers, both Jamal and Erica are able
to maintain a healthy, vibrant lifestyle. They are loved and cared for by their supportive network of children
and the grandchildren they thoroughly enjoy.
Erica outlives Jamal. He dies in his sleep at the age of 89. Erica remains in their family home, which is
located in the neighborhood where Jamal grew up and where their oldest daughter, their son-in-law, and
their granddaughters Addison and Sidney live. Jamal's death is neither expected nor unexpected. At his age,
both Jamal and Erica understand that death is inevitable but doesn't have to be imminent. He's lived a long,
healthy, and full life, and when he passes away, he's been ready to do so.
1. What is Jamel’s parenting style? Please state a term.
2. Based on the relationship between Jamal and Neka, what’s Jamel’s internal working model? Please state a team.
3. According to the SOC model, what is Jamal and Erica’s "Selection"? Please give a short answer.
4. According to the theory of Competence and Environmental Press, what kind of fit does Jamal manifest? Please state the term.
Jamel’s parenting style is not directly discussed in the given passage so no term can be stated in this regard. The internal working model of Jamel and Neka's relationship is a secure attachment style. According to the SOC model, the selection in Jamal and Erica’s life is the process of choosing or selecting new environments and tasks
that can optimize positive and avoid negative outcomes in later life. Jamal manifests a person-environment fit which is in accordance with the theory of Competence and Environmental Press. Jamal has a secure attachment style and has a close relationship with his family members. After the death of Neka, his mother, the family comes closer and gathers together on a weekly barbecue. Jamal and Erica manage their aging parents very well, and they offer Neka to live in a nearby assisted living facility where Jamal visits her every day on his way to work.
The family is very supportive and offers every kind of assistance that Alexis may need after Neka's death.Jamal has a secure attachment style, and he manifests a person-environment fit which is in accordance with the theory of Competence and Environmental Press. Jamal and Erica’s “Selection” according to the SOC model, is the process of selecting new environments and tasks that can optimize positive and avoid negative outcomes in later life.
In conclusion, Jamal’s parenting style is not given in the passage. Jamal’s internal working model with Neka is of a secure attachment style. According to the SOC model, Jamal and Erica’s selection is to choose environments and tasks that can optimize positive and avoid negative outcomes in later life. Jamal manifests a person-environment fit, which is in accordance with the theory of Competence and Environmental Press.
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In his chapter on social constructionism, Surette includes descriptions of Theodore Sasson's five Crime and Justice Frames. Watch an episode of your favorite crime-related television show (or, if you don't usually watch such shows, just find one to watch). Review the frames and see if you can determine which is the dominant frame being used to construct reality in that episode. Can you identify any competing frames? Outline the way(s) in which the social construction of crime in the episode might relate to a particular policy.
The task is to watch an episode, identify the dominant frame, determine competing frames, and outline the relationship between the social construction of crime in the episode and a particular policy.
What is the task for analyzing a crime-related television show using Theodore Sasson's Crime and Justice Frames and relating it to a specific policy?The task is to watch an episode of a crime-related television show and analyze it using Theodore Sasson's five Crime and Justice Frames. The student needs to identify the dominant frame being used to construct reality in the episode and determine if there are any competing frames. Additionally, the student should outline how the social construction of crime in the episode relates to a specific policy.
In order to fulfill the task, the student will need to critically analyze the episode and identify which frame is predominantly portrayed in the show. They will also need to consider if there are any alternative frames or perspectives that challenge the dominant frame.
By understanding how the episode constructs the reality of crime, the student can then explore how it relates to a particular policy, such as the portrayal of law enforcement practices or the depiction of the criminal justice system.
The analysis should provide a thoughtful examination of the episode, highlighting the ways in which social constructionism influences the representation of crime and justice.
The student's evaluation of the dominant frame and potential competing frames should be supported by examples and evidence from the episode. Furthermore, the discussion of the relationship between the social construction of crime and a specific policy should demonstrate critical thinking and an understanding of the broader social implications.
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1. Identify the resources below as land, capital, labor, or entrepreneurial ability. a. Uranium deposits in Canada. b. The work performed by the late Henry Ford. c. The work done by a robot at an auto plant. d. a carpenter building a house
The identification of resources as land, capital, labor, or entrepreneurial ability is:
a. Uranium deposits in Canada: This resource falls under the category of land. Land refers to natural resources such as minerals, forests, water bodies, and land itself. In this case, the uranium deposits in Canada are a natural resource found in the land.
b. The work performed by the late Henry Ford: This resource represents labor. Labor refers to the human effort, skills, and abilities involved in the production of goods or services. Henry Ford's work implies the physical and mental efforts he put into activities related to his profession, such as designing, manufacturing, and managing his company.
c. The work done by a robot at an auto plant: This resource can be classified as capital. Capital refers to physical assets used in production, including machinery, tools, buildings, and equipment. In this case, the robot is a machine or a form of capital that is utilized in the auto plant to perform tasks and contribute to production.
d. A carpenter building a house: This resource also falls under the category of labor. The carpenter's work involves using skills and physical effort to construct the house. Labor is the human input required in various stages of construction, including planning, designing, and executing the building process.
In summary, the identification of resources as land, capital, labor, or entrepreneurial ability helps categorize and understand the different factors of production that contribute to economic activities. Land refers to natural resources, capital represents physical assets, labor represents human effort, and entrepreneurial ability refers to the skills and innovation of individuals in organizing and managing production.
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Discuss in detail conceptual considerations of biology, culture and
development?
Biology, culture, and development are three conceptual considerations that are interconnected and should be examined together to get a comprehensive view of child development.
The concepts of biology, culture, and development, as well as their interconnection, are discussed below:Biological Considerations:
The study of living organisms is referred to as biology. It concentrates on biological concepts such as genetics, ecology, evolution, and anatomy. Genes, genetic predisposition, and genetic traits play a significant part in determining our biological makeup. Biology influences development in terms of genetics and epigenetics, which are the ways in which genes and environment interact. Culture is the way of life of a group of people, including their social behavior, language, customs, and beliefs. The belief systems and customs of a society, as well as its language and social norms, are all influenced by culture. Children learn the culture of their society from their parents, peers, and others in their environment. Development and
Culture:Culture and development are interconnected. Cultural factors influence development. Children's development is influenced by the cultural beliefs and practices of their society. Different societies place a higher value on different skills and attributes.
For example, Western societies place a higher value on independence, while non-Western societies place a higher value on interdependence and group harmony. These cultural differences in values influence children's development. Children in non-Western societies, for example, tend to be more socially responsible and interdependent than those in Western societies, who tend to be more independent.
These cultural differences affect cognitive, emotional, and social development. Children's development is influenced by the culture of the society in which they live. In conclusion, biological, cultural, and developmental considerations are all interconnected. Biology and culture influence development, which in turn affects cognitive, emotional, and social development.
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stockdale la, porter cl, coyne sm, essig lw, booth m, keenan-kroff s, schvaneveldt e. 2020. infants' response to a mobile phone modified still-face paradigm: links to maternal behaviors and beliefs regarding technoference. 25(5):571-592.
The provided information appears to be a citation for a scientific research article titled "Infants' response to a mobile phone modified still-face paradigm: links to maternal behaviors and beliefs regarding technoference." The citation includes the names of the authors, the publication year (2020), the title of the article, and the volume and page numbers of the journal in which it was published.
The research article examines infants' responses to a modified still-face paradigm involving a mobile phone and explores the relationship between maternal behaviors, beliefs regarding technoference (the interference of technology in interpersonal relationships), and infants' reactions. The study likely investigates the impact of mobile phone usage on mother-infant interactions and the potential effects on infants' social and emotional development.
The article may delve into various aspects, such as the specific behaviors and beliefs of mothers related to their use of mobile phones and how these factors influence infants' reactions during the still-face paradigm. The research might provide insights into the role of technology in parent-child interactions and its potential effects on infant development. The authors may present their findings and discuss the implications of the study's results for understanding the complex dynamics between technology use, maternal behaviors, and infants' responses.
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According to the Matching Law_____ O Typicall, animals will fail to apportion responding in relation to the relative payoff for each of the choices O Typically, animals will apportion responding in relation to the relative payoff for each of the choices O Typically, animals will attempt to escape from high demand choice situations O Typically, animals will approach low demand choice situations
Option (b), According to the Matching Law, typically, animals will apportion responding in relation to the relative payoff for each of the choices.
According to the Matching Law, which is a principle that describes how organisms distribute their time and effort between two or more concurrently accessible behaviors, animals will apportion responses in relation to the relative payoff for each of the choices
Typically, animals will tend to distribute their responses, or behavior, in a manner that maximizes their overall outcome. This means that if there are two choices that the animal can make, it will distribute their behavior in proportion to the overall outcomes of those two options.
So, the main answer to the question is that "Typically, animals will apportion responding in relation to the relative payoff for each of the choices."
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Tom's technology is given by the following production function: . If m represents his production of cheese, x is the amount of milk he uses, and y is how much sugar he uses.
1) Compute the marginal product of milk, the marginal product of sugar, and the technical rate of substitution.
2) What kind of returns to scale does Tom's technology show? Please explain your answer.
3) Represent in a graph with some isoquants Tom's technology.
4) Assume that the unit price of milk is px and the unit price of sugar is py. Because Tom is not the only person producing cheese, he acts as a price-taker on
both markets. Find Tom’s total cost function.
To find Tom's total cost function, we need information on the costs of milk and sugar and their quantities used in the production function.
What are the marginal product of milk, marginal product of sugar, technical rate of substitution, returns to scale, and total cost function for Tom's technology given a production function involving cheese, milk, and sugar?The marginal product of milk (MPM) is the partial derivative of the production function with respect to milk (x), the marginal product of sugar (MPS) is the partial derivative of the production function with respect to sugar (y), and the technical rate of substitution (TRS) is the ratio of the marginal product of sugar to the marginal product of milk.
To determine the returns to scale, we need to examine how the output changes when all inputs are increased proportionally. If the output increases by the same proportion as the inputs, it exhibits constant returns to scale.
If the output increases by a greater proportion, it exhibits increasing returns to scale. If the output increases by a smaller proportion, it exhibits decreasing returns to scale.
The graph should show isoquants, which represent different combinations of milk (x) and sugar (y) that produce the same level of output (m).
The total cost function represents the cost of producing a given level of output and is typically a function of input prices and quantities used.
The specific details and mathematical form of Tom's production function are not provided in the question, so the calculations and explanations provided are general in nature.
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a) Whom would John’s audience have identified as the Beast in the Book of Revelation?
i) A single individual who would appear at the end of history.
ii) Roman Emperors who persecuted the Church (I think this is the right answer, but I'm not sure ).
iii) Legalistic Jewish Christians who required Gentile Christians to be circumcised.
iv) A spiritual being who would enter into human hearts and deceive them.
b) When the people request a king what is Samuel’s primary argument that Israel ought not to have one?
i) The law never provides instruction about kingship.
ii) A king will heavily tax the people and take from their resources (I also think this is the right answer, but again, not 100% sure)
iii) Kings might commit immoral acts like adultery and murder.
iv) Samuel’s sons are more fit to rule in Israel.
The correct option is A. John’s audience would have identified Roman Emperors who persecuted the Church as the Beast in the Book of Revelation.
b) When the people request a king, Samuel’s primary argument that Israel ought not to have one is that a king will heavily tax the people and take from their resources. In the Book of Revelation, the Beast is a symbol of an evil power that is opposed to God and His people.
John, the writer of the Book of Revelation, describes the Beast as coming out of the sea, having ten horns and seven heads, and being worshiped by all the earth. In the early Christian era, the Beast was widely seen as a symbol of the Roman Empire, which was hostile to Christianity.
Therefore, the correct option is Roman Emperors who persecuted the Church for the first question. When the people request a king, Samuel’s primary argument that Israel ought not to have one is that a king will heavily tax the people and take from their resources. Therefore, the correct option is "A king will heavily tax the people and take from their resources" for the second question.
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This is a Multiple Choice Question. Select the ONE answer you think is correct.
Why did the Byzantines reject the western insistence on "the primacy of the pope," based on the text Matthew 16:18-19
("Thou Art Peter and upon this rock I will build my church")?
Because Byzantines regarded the text as a false addition
(interpolation) to scripture, deliberately contrived by an early pope to foster the claims of Rome.
Because Byzantines believed that westerners
were misreading this text — taking it out of context, and not understanding its importance in connection with other New Testament passages, where Christ confers the "power of binding and loosing" on all the apostles.
The conflict between Rome and Constantinople was essentially political, and debates over the meaning of this text played little role in episodes of tension and conflict.
The Byzantines rejected the Western insistence on "the primacy of the pope" because they believed that Westerners were misreading the text (Matthew 16:18-19) by taking it out of context and not understanding its importance in connection with other New Testament passages where Christ confers the "power of binding and loosing" on all the apostles. (2)
The Byzantines did not view the text as a false addition to scripture deliberately contrived by an early pope to foster the claims of Rome. Instead, they believed that the primacy of the pope was based on a misinterpretation of the text and that the power given to Peter in the passage was meant to be shared among all the apostles. The conflict between Rome and Constantinople was primarily political, and debates over the meaning of this text played a lesser role in episodes of tension and conflict.
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This is a Multiple Choice Question. Select the ONE answer you think is correct.
Why did the Byzantines reject the western insistence on "the primacy of the pope," based on the text Matthew 16:18-19
("Thou Art Peter and upon this rock I will build my church")?
Because Byzantines regarded the text as a false addition (interpolation) to scripture, deliberately contrived by an early pope to foster the claims of Rome.Because Byzantines believed that Westerners were misreading this text — taking it out of context, and not understanding its importance in connection with other New Testament passages, where Christ confers the "power of binding and loosing" on all the apostles.The conflict between Rome and Constantinople was essentially political, and debates over the meaning of this text played little role in episodes of tension and conflict1. Should treatment decisions about people who have become mentally incompetent through senile dementia and about people who have been mentally incompetent since birth be made in the same ways? Explain
2. Of the child model and the medical model of mental incompetence, which do you think gives greater weight to the principle of beneficience?
The treatment decisions about people who have become mentally incompetent through senile dementia and about people who have been mentally incompetent since birth should not be made in the same ways. This is because senile dementia is caused by aging of the brain which leads to a progressive deterioration of cognitive function.
The medical model of mental incompetence gives greater weight to the principle of beneficence. This is because it views mental incompetence as a medical condition that requires treatment, and it focuses on the medical management of symptoms and the prevention of further deterioration. The goal is to restore the patient's health or at least to prevent further harm. The medical model emphasizes the use of medication, psychotherapy, and other medical interventions to address the patient's mental health needs, and it relies on the expertise of medical professionals to provide the best possible care.
In contrast, the child model of mental incompetence emphasizes the child's right to be treated as a person, with dignity and respect, rather than as a patient. It focuses on the child's needs, preferences, and abilities, rather than on the medical diagnosis. The goal is to provide a supportive environment that promotes the child's development and well-being, rather than to cure or treat a medical condition. The child model emphasizes the importance of family support, education, and community integration in helping the child reach their full potential.
In conclusion, the treatment decisions about people who have become mentally incompetent through senile dementia and about people who have been mentally incompetent since birth should not be made in the same ways. The treatment decisions for people with senile dementia should be based on their previous wishes and preferences, as well as their current condition and quality of life. For people with mental incompetence from birth, the treatment decisions should be made in consultation with their parents or legal guardians, based on what is in their best interests and what will help them develop their potential as much as possible. The medical model of mental incompetence gives greater weight to the principle of beneficence, while the child model emphasizes the child's right to be treated as a person, with dignity and respect.
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What advice would you give the parent of a toddler regarding their child's language development if you subscribed to the behavioural theory of language acquisition? How would this differ if you were a firm supporter of Chomsky's nativist approach? Finally, what advice would you give if you adhered to the interactionist theory of language acquisition?
If you adhere to the behavioural theory of language acquisition, you would advise the parent of a toddler to provide an environment where their child is constantly exposed to language. In other words, the child must be surrounded by people who speak the language fluently and who can engage the child in conversations.
Additionally, the parent should be an active participant in their child's language development by modeling proper grammar and pronunciation. In essence, the behavioural theory posits that language is a learned behavior that can be shaped through repetition and reinforcement.On the other hand, if you were a firm supporter of Chomsky's nativist approach, you would advise the parent of a toddler that language is innate and that the child is born with the ability to learn language. Therefore, it is the parent's responsibility to provide the child with an environment that allows them to express themselves and explore language naturally.
Unlike the behavioural theory, which emphasizes repetition and reinforcement, the nativist approach suggests that children will naturally acquire language if given the opportunity to do so. Finally, if you adhered to the interactionist theory of language acquisition, you would advise the parent of a toddler to engage in conversational turn-taking with their child. This means that the parent should speak to their child in a way that encourages the child to respond. This type of back-and-forth dialogue is believed to be crucial in language development because it allows the child to practice their speaking and listening skills in a meaningful way.
In addition, the interactionist theory posits that language development is influenced by both nature and nurture, meaning that both innate ability and environmental factors play a role. Therefore, the parent should provide a language-rich environment while also engaging in responsive communication with their child.
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1-3 paragraph essay (100-200 words)
1. Pick any time period in Japanese history up until 1900 and
explain how Japanese elite/ruling class maintained social
hierarchy.
During the Edo period (1603-1868) in Japanese history, the ruling class, known as the samurai, played a crucial role in maintaining social hierarchy. The samurai were the military nobility and held the highest position in the social order.
The samurai maintained their privileged status through various means. Firstly, they monopolized the military power, ensuring their authority and control over the land. They held the exclusive right to carry swords and were responsible for protecting their domains and serving the daimyo (feudal lords).
The samurai class enforced strict social etiquette and codes of behavior. This included the practice of seppuku as a means of preserving honor and maintaining social order.
The Japanese ruling class, particularly during the Edo period, maintained social hierarchy through their military power, adherence to strict codes of conduct, and the patronage system.
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Lonnie wants to design a test that will accurately measure mathematics aptitude. according to the text, what characterisitcs should lonnie's test have?
According to the given scenario, Lonnie wants to design a test that will accurately measure mathematics aptitude. The characteristics that should Lonnie's test have are: Validity, Reliability, Objectivity and Practicality.
Lonnie wants to design a test that accurately measures mathematics aptitude. To accomplish this goal, Lonnie's test must have the following characteristics:
1. It should be standardized: The testing circumstances and conditions should be the same for all students who take the test. This aids in the reduction of biases and errors.
2. Validity: The test should assess mathematical aptitude, and not the other abilities or traits that could affect test performance.
3. Reliability: It should be consistent in its findings or results. When the same individuals are tested on two separate occasions, the test should provide consistent results.
4. Objectivity: The scoring criteria should be transparent, and scores should not be influenced by the scorer's personal biases.
5. Practicality: It should be easy to administer, score, and interpret the results. It should also be cost-effective.
In conclusion, for Lonnie's test to be reliable and valid in assessing mathematical aptitude, it should be standardized, objective, practical, reliable, and valid.
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Michel Foucault. The Fear of Being Watched a. Knowledge & Power
i. Episteme (define)
ii. When is power in its most potent form? b. Discipline & Punish i. Why did Foucault study the Panopticon? 1. According to the Foucault, what are the major effects of the Panopticon?
ii. What is a disciplinary society? What is an example of it?
iii. According to Foucault, why was there a decline of torture and corporal punishment?
iv. What are the phases of punishment? (identify and describe)
v. What are the three instruments of disciplinary power that Foucault identified?
Episteme is a term used by Michel Foucault, which refers to the set of knowledge structures or forms of thought that define the parameters of what can be known in a specific time period or context. It encompasses the beliefs, theories, and values that underlie a particular science, philosophy, or worldview.
Foucault contends that power is at its most potent when it becomes invisible or pervasive, such that those who are subject to it are not even aware of its presence. This means that power is most effective when it operates in an implicit or covert manner and is internalized by individuals. Discipline & Punish Foucault examined the panopticon, a type of prison structure in which inmates are constantly under observation by a single guard. He argued that this form of architecture represents a new type of power that operates by creating a sense of constant surveillance and discipline. According to Foucault, the major effects of the panopticon include the creation of self-discipline and the normalization of observation. He contends that the panopticon creates a sense of perpetual visibility and internalized control, which ultimately produces docile subjects. A disciplinary society is one in which power is exercised through the creation of hierarchical structures that are designed to monitor and control behavior. One example of a disciplinary society is modern Western society, which is characterized by institutions such as schools, prisons, hospitals, and bureaucracies that are designed to regulate and control individuals. Foucault argues that the decline of torture and corporal punishment was due to the emergence of disciplinary power, which operates through surveillance, observation, and internalization of norms. He contends that disciplinary power is more efficient and effective than violent forms of power because it produces self-discipline and normalized behavior.
He was interested in the ways in which power operates in a hidden or implicit manner and argued that the most effective forms of power are those that are invisible or pervasive. His work on the panopticon in Discipline & Punish is particularly famous and argues that this form of prison architecture represents a new type of power that operates through the creation of self-discipline and normalized behavior. He contends that modern Western society is characterized by institutions that are designed to regulate and control individuals and that operate through the normalization of observation and internalization of norms. Ultimately, Foucault's work is an important contribution to the critical examination of power and its operations in modern society.
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Why is the concept of object permanence important to an infant’s development? What does the active experimentation of the stage-five toddler suggest for parents? Why did Piaget underestimate how rapidly early cognition occurs?
1. Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not within immediate sensory perception.
a) Memory and Problem-Solving: Object permanence enables infants to remember and recall objects and events.
b) Cognitive Development: Object permanence marks an important milestone in cognitive development, specifically in the sensorimotor stage (birth to around 2 years) according to Jean Piaget's theory.
2. The active experimentation of stage-five toddlers suggests that they are in the preoperational stage of Piaget's theory (ages 2 to 7 years).
a) Encouraging Exploration: Parents should provide a safe and stimulating environment that allows toddlers to actively explore and experiment with objects, materials, and their surroundings.
b) Guiding Social Development: As toddlers become more aware of others, parents can help them develop social skills by providing opportunities for social interaction and guiding their understanding of others' perspectives.
3. Piaget underestimated how rapidly early cognition occurs due to several reasons:
a) Methodological Limitations: Piaget used qualitative methods to study cognitive development, focusing on observing children's behaviors and verbal explanations.
b) Cultural Bias: Piaget's research was mainly conducted with Swiss children from a specific cultural background.
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What is the long-term objective for a Leader to motivate their team members?
Provide two examples for how to successfully motivate employees.
Define and provide an example of two types of reinforcement.
Long-term objectives for a Leader to motivate their team members include the following:Develop a highly motivated and competent workforce. Boost employee morale and productivity by providing an engaging and satisfying work environment.
For successful motivation of employees, leaders must:Offer incentives to encourage exceptional performance.Give clear and detailed instructions, as well as frequent feedback to the employees. Types of ReinforcementPositive reinforcement- it's when one's behavior is rewarded after performing an action. It increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the future.
Example: John cleaned up his room, and his mother praised him, saying he did a fantastic job. John is more likely to clean his room in the future.Negative reinforcement - this is the removal of an unpleasant stimulus after performing an action to increase the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the future.Example: Lisa mows the lawn to avoid being yelled at by her mother. Lisa is more likely to mow the lawn in the future as a result of the negative reinforcement of not being yelled at.
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In his autobiography, Count Burr Turr tells about an occasion during his childhood when he decided to write all the counting numbers from 1 to 1, 000, 000. It was a noble undertaking, but his arm gave out after writing only 31, 676 digits. Assuming the Count was using decimal notation, what was the last digit he wrote before his arm grew numb?
In his autobiography, Count Burr Turr tells about an occasion during his childhood when he decided to write all the counting numbers from 1 to 1, 000, 000. It was a noble undertaking, but his arm gave out after writing only 31, 676 digits.
Assuming the Count was using decimal notation, the last digit he wrote before his arm grew numb is 5.There are 9 digits in each of the place values for 1 to 999,999 and also there are 6 digits in 1,000,000. Therefore, the number of digits in the numbers 1 to 1,000,000 is 9 × 999,999 + 6 = 8,999,995.We are told that the Count wrote 31,676 digits before his arm grew numb. This means that he wrote the first 31,676 digits of the sequence of digits obtained by listing the digits in the numbers 1 to 1,000,000 in order.
There are 10 digits in each number, so he wrote the first 3167 complete numbers and the first 6 digits of the 3168th number. The 3167th complete number ends in 7, and so the first 31,670 digits are obtained by writing all of the digits in each of the numbers 1 to 3167.The first 3167 numbers use up 3 × 3167 = 9501 digits. There are 3167 hundreds and so 3167 hundreds digits. These 3167 digits are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 repeated 316 times each, and so we know that the last hundreds digit he wrote was 9.
Similarly, there are 3167 tens digits and so we know that the last tens digit he wrote was 0. Finally, there are 3167 ones digits and we know that the last digit he wrote was 5.Answer: 5
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