countries were physically devastated during world war ii

During Ronald Reagan's first term, he significantly changed relations with the Soviet Union. One example of this change was Reagan's adoption of a more assertive and confrontational approach toward the Soviet Union, which came to be known as the "Reagan Doctrine." This doctrine aimed to challenge Soviet influence and expand democracy in various regions around the world.

Reagan's policy shift was evident in his response to the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. Unlike his predecessors, Reagan took a tougher stance by providing support to Afghan resistance fighters, known as the Mujahideen, who were fighting against the Soviet occupation. This support included military aid, training, and intelligence assistance. By actively opposing the Soviet Union's actions and aiding its adversaries, Reagan's administration significantly altered the dynamics of the U.S.-Soviet relationship.

Reagan's more assertive approach and support for anti-Soviet forces marked a departure from previous administrations' policies of détente and accommodation. These changes ultimately contributed to a heightened Cold War tension between the United States and the Soviet Union during Reagan's first term.

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1. The Union victory at Gettysburg marked a major turning point in the war and was a significant morale boost for the North.

2. The heavy casualties incurred by the Confederate army at Gettysburg, coupled with their inability to achieve a decisive victory, weakened their military strength and marked the beginning of their decline.

3. The Battle of Gettysburg stopped General Robert E. Lee's second invasion of the North and caused him to retreat back to Virginia, effectively ending the Confederacy's attempt to invade the North and prolong the war.

Answer:

Explanation:

The three turning points of the Civil War were at the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg. These battles turned the tide of the war in favor of the Union.

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Approximately how many freed individuals were starting new lives after the abolition of slavery?

After the abolition of slavery, a substantial number of freed individuals embarked on the challenging journey of starting new lives. While it is difficult to determine an exact figure, it is estimated that millions of formerly enslaved individuals sought to forge their own paths and build independent lives.

The process of starting anew involved various aspects such as establishing their identities, finding employment, reuniting with family members, and navigating the complexities of post-slavery society. Many freed individuals sought opportunities in agriculture, becoming tenant farmers or sharecroppers. Others migrated to urban areas in search of employment and better living conditions. Some pursued education to improve their prospects and secure a brighter future for themselves and their children.

The exact number of freed individuals starting new lives is challenging to ascertain due to limited records and varying sources. Moreover, the transition from slavery to freedom was not a uniform experience, as factors such as location, access to resources, and racial discrimination influenced individual outcomes. Nonetheless, the post-abolition period witnessed a significant wave of freed individuals taking strides towards self-determination, resilience, and the pursuit of a better life.

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The Gallup Poll confirmed Mississippi's status as the state with the highest religious attendance and affiliation in the United States.

In this context, Gallup is an organization known for its public opinion polls that provide insights into the thoughts and beliefs of various populations. Mississippi's status can be attributed to a strong tradition of religious practice and values deeply rooted in its culture. The high religious attendance and affiliation in Mississippi are indicative of a community-oriented approach to worship, with many residents placing a significant emphasis on attending religious services and participating in faith-based activities.

This strong religious culture has a notable influence on the social fabric of the state. It is not uncommon for religious institutions to play a central role in the lives of Mississippi residents, providing support and guidance on a range of personal and communal matters. The shared beliefs and values fostered through religious participation help to strengthen bonds within communities and create a sense of unity and belonging.

It is important to note that while Mississippi's religious status is unique in terms of its prevalence, it is by no means an outlier in the wider context of the United States. Religious belief and practice remain important to many Americans, and this is reflected in the diversity of faiths and denominations present across the country.

In summary, the Gallup Poll confirmed Mississippi's status as the state with the highest religious attendance and affiliation in the United States. This can be attributed to the deep-rooted religious traditions and values in the state, which have a significant impact on the lives of its residents and the community as a whole.

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The original Greek phrase from Thucydides' work that corresponds to the saying "the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must" is  (hoi men athrooi drōsin hoi de atrooi paschousin).

The saying is a commentary on the nature of power and its relationship to justice. It suggests that those who are strong will use their power to further their interests, while those who are weak will inevitably suffer as a result. This idea has been influential in political theory and international relations, as it reflects a pessimistic view of human nature and the inherent struggle for power in society.

The saying has also been interpreted as a warning against the dangers of unchecked power, and a call for the need to establish systems of governance and international relations that can mitigate the effects of power imbalances.

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Thomas the Apostle's reaction to the risen Christ can be seen as a sign of Jesus Christ's divinity for several reasons.

First, Thomas's initial reaction to the news of Jesus' resurrection was skepticism. He did not believe that Jesus had risen from the dead until he saw and touched the wounds in Jesus' hands and side for himself. This skepticism suggests that Thomas had a deep faith in Jesus as the Messiah, but he needed tangible evidence to believe in his resurrection. This evidence shows that Jesus had the power to overcome death and that he was truly divine.

Second, Thomas's response to Jesus' resurrection demonstrates his belief in Jesus as the Son of God. When Jesus appeared to the disciples, he invited Thomas to put his finger into the wounds in his hands and his side. Thomas did so, and then he declared, "My Lord and my God!" (John 20:28). This declaration of faith shows that Thomas recognized Jesus as God incarnate, which is a belief that is central to Christian theology.

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Charles A. Lindbergh Jr. made history in 1927 when he completed the first solo transatlantic flight from New York to Paris.

As a mail pilot based in St. Louis, Lindbergh became the first person to successfully fly across the Atlantic Ocean in a single-engine plane. His achievement was widely celebrated, and Lindbergh became an instant celebrity.

His flight helped to usher in a new era of aviation and sparked increased interest in the possibilities of air travel. Lindbergh's solo transatlantic flight remains one of the most significant events in aviation history and continues to inspire pilots and aviation enthusiasts around the world.

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Alexander Werth was a British journalist who visited the Majdanek concentration camp in 1945, shortly after it was liberated by Soviet forces. In his book "Russia at War," Werth described his reaction to what he saw at Majdanek in vivid detail.

According to Werth, when he first saw Majdanek, he was "horrified and sickened" by what he saw. He described the camp as a "hell on earth," and he was particularly struck by the piles of human hair that he saw scattered throughout the camp. He also saw the bodies of dead prisoners, some of whom were still alive when they were liberated, and he was deeply affected by the sight of their emaciated and lifeless forms.

Werth also described the living conditions at the camp, which were appalling. He wrote that the prisoners were "huddled together like animals" in overcrowded barracks, and that they had to survive on a bare subsistence diet of scraps and leftovers. He also noted the absence of basic sanitation and hygiene in the camp, which contributed to the spread of disease and death among the prisoners.

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The following best describes Belgium's role in encouraging ethnic division in Rwanda.

The correct options are C and D.

The Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa ethnic groups were legally and institutionally divided as a result of the Belgium colonial authorities' introduction of identity cards that identified the individual's ethnicity in 1933. This split did not previously exist in such a rigid form.

The Tutsi were given preference over the Hutu because they were regarded as superior under Belgian colonial rule and had easier access to jobs, education, and political power. But once Belgium recognized Rwanda's independence in 1962, it changed course and installed the Hutu majority in authority, inciting animosity and hostility among the Tutsi minority.

Thus, the ideal selections are options C and D.

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Answer:

OC

Explanation:

He wanted to restore order to Europe.

The government action taken in response to pressure in the United States to withdraw troops was the signing of the Paris Peace Accords .

The Paris Peace Accords, formally named the deal on the Termination of the Vietnam War and the Restoration of Peace, were a peace deal signed on January 27, 1973, with the goal of restoring peace to Vietnam and putting an end to the Vietnam War.

The treaty was signed by the governments of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), the Republic of Vietnam, and the United States, as well as the administrations of the Republic of South Vietnam (PRG), which represented South Vietnam's communists.

Until recently, US ground soldiers had been sidelined owing to low morale, progressively retreating to coastal regions after not participating in offensive operations or direct fighting in the preceding two years. The Paris Agreement would virtually eliminate all remaining US forces, including the Air Force.

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Gerontologists would predict the aging demographics of England by employing a combination of quantitative data analysis and studying relevant factors that influence population aging.

Here are some approaches they might use: Demographic Analysis: Gerontologists would analyze current population data, including age distribution, mortality rates, and fertility rates, to understand the existing aging patterns in England. They would examine trends and changes in population structure over time. Population Projections: Using statistical models and population projection methods, gerontologists would estimate future demographic trends. They would consider factors such as birth rates, death rates, migration patterns, and life expectancy to forecast the future age composition of the population.

Longitudinal Studies: Gerontologists may conduct longitudinal studies that follow individuals over an extended period. By observing changes in health, lifestyle, and socio-economic factors, they can gain insights into how these factors influence the aging process and make predictions about future aging patterns.Socioeconomic Factors: Gerontologists would consider various socio-economic factors that impact aging, such as healthcare access, lifestyle choices, economic conditions, and public policies. These factors can influence the well-being and health outcomes of older adults, which, in turn, affect the overall aging demographics.Comparative Analysis: Gerontologists would compare England's aging demographics with other countries or regions facing similar challenges. By studying successful approaches and interventions implemented elsewhere, they can gain insights into effective strategies for managing and adapting to changing demographics.

It's important to note that predicting demographic changes is complex and subject to various uncertainties. Gerontologists employ multiple methodologies and consider a wide range of factors to develop the most accurate predictions possible.

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The United States insisted on a broad definition of neutrality after World War I broke out in 1914 as a way to protect their national interests while avoiding direct involvement in the war.

This was an effort to maintain a policy of neutrality towards the belligerents and to avoid the consequences of becoming involved in a war. In addition, the United States wanted to ensure that its citizens and businesses were not put at risk of being involved in the conflict.

The United States also sought to use its neutrality as a means of protecting its citizens and businesses from the ravages of a war that was taking place in Europe. By establishing a broad definition of neutrality, the United States was able to protect its citizens and businesses from the consequences of a war taking place in a distant part of the world.

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Belgian colonialism played a significant role in paving the way for the Rwandan holocaust. Before colonization, Rwanda was primarily governed by the Tutsi monarchy.

However, when Belgium colonized Rwanda in 1916, it created a divide between the Tutsis and Hutus.

They introduced an identification system based on physical features such as nose length and height, which classified people as either Tutsi, Hutu, or Twa.

The Belgians favored the Tutsis, who they saw as more "civilized" and gave them better education and job opportunities. This created resentment among the Hutus who felt oppressed and marginalized.
The Belgians also gave the Tutsis preferential treatment in political representation, which further fueled resentment among the Hutus. In 1959, the Hutus rose up against the Tutsi monarchy, leading to a revolution and the establishment of a Hutu-led government.
The Hutu-led government continued to use the divide-and-rule tactics introduced by the Belgians, and tensions between the Hutus and Tutsis escalated.

The Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), made up primarily of Tutsis who had fled to Uganda, launched an invasion of Rwanda in 1990, leading to a four-year civil war.

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Hebrew religion change as a result of the Babylonian Captivity as (C) It was exposed to Zoroastrianism.

The Hebrew religion changed as a result of the Babylonian Captivity by being exposed to Zoroastrianism.

This exposure influenced the development of Jewish beliefs, including the concept of monotheism and ideas about the end times and resurrection.

Although the Hebrew religion faced challenges during this period, it persisted and evolved, incorporating new ideas from the encounter with Zoroastrianism.

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The standard iconography associated with nineteenth-century scenes of a harem includes an unkempt bed in a curtained room and a seductive female figure.

In nineteenth-century Orientalist art, depictions of harems often featured specific visual motifs that became standard iconography. One prominent element is an unkempt bed, which symbolizes the sensuality and intimate nature of the harem. The disheveled state of the bed implies recent or ongoing sexual activity, adding to the allure and eroticization of the scene.

Additionally, a seductive female figure is a key component of the harem iconography. This figure is typically portrayed as exotic, alluring, and often shown in revealing attire. She embodies the Western imagination of the Eastern or Middle Eastern harem as a place of mystery, eroticism, and the fulfillment of male fantasies.

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Strayer's World History: A Global Approach is a textbook used in college-level World History courses. It is commonly referred to as "Strayer's World History" or simply "The Strayer World History Textbook."

The 4th edition of the textbook was published in 2018 and covers the history of the world from ancient times to the present day. The textbook is organized into six thematic chapters that explore the major events, movements, and ideas that have shaped the world over time. Each chapter includes a variety of primary and secondary sources, such as maps, images, and excerpts from historical documents, that help students better understand the material.

The textbook also includes a number of features designed to help students develop critical thinking and analytical skills, such as sidebars, case studies, and discussion questions. Additionally, the textbook includes a variety of online resources, such as videos and interactive maps, that supplement the material covered in the textbook.

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Correct Question:

Explain what is Strayer ways of the world 4th edition.

The difference between a per se violation and a violation subject to the rule of reason under section 1 of the sherman act is per se violations do not require an economic analysis; they are presumed to be anti-competitive.

The correct option is B.

A per se violation of the Sherman Act (Section 1) is an act that is considered illegal without consideration of the particular circumstances of the case or market.

Examples include horizontal price-fixing, group boycotts, and certain tying arrangements. These violations are automatically considered to be illegal and will be subject to full criminal and civil penalties.

A violation subject to the rule of reason is an act that may be legal or illegal depending on the particular circumstances of the case and market. The rule of reason analysis looks at the facts of the case and asks whether the restraint on trade has caused an unreasonable restraint of trade, or if the benefits outweigh the potential harm. If the restraint has caused an unreasonable restraint of trade, then it is illegal. If the benefits outweigh the potential harm, then it is legal.

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The Question is -

The difference between a per se violation and a violation subject to the rule of reason under section 1 of the sherman act is:

A) per se violations involve corporations. The rule of reason applies to individuals and partnerships.

B)  per se violations do not require an economic analysis; they are presumed to be anti-competitive.

C) Violations that are subject to the rule of reason are assumed to be anti-competitive and do not require economic analysis.

D)  per se violations applied to publicly-traded operations; the rule of reason applied to closely held corporations.

The English queen who is infamous for persecuting Protestants was Mary I, also known as Mary Tudor or Bloody Mary. Mary I reigned as queen of England from 1553 to 1558. Therefore, option D is correct.

She was the daughter of King Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Mary I is notorious for her fervent Catholicism and her harsh actions against Protestants. During her reign, she sought to restore Catholicism as the dominant religion in England.

This led to a period of religious persecution known as the Marian Persecutions or the Marian Exile. Under Mary's rule, many prominent Protestant figures were arrested, imprisoned, and executed for their religious beliefs.

The most infamous episode of her reign was the execution of around 280 Protestants, including bishops, clergy, and commoners, who were burned at the stake for heresy.

Mary's persecution of Protestants left a lasting impact on English history and contributed to a deep-seated animosity between Catholics and Protestants. Her reign is often remembered as a dark chapter of religious intolerance and violence.

Summary: The English queen infamous for persecuting Protestants was A. Mary I, also known as Mary Tudor or "Bloody Mary." She sought to restore Catholicism as the dominant religion in England and presided over a period of religious persecution known as the Marian Persecutions.

Many Protestants were arrested, imprisoned, and executed, leading to a deep-seated animosity between Catholics and Protestants. Her reign is remembered as a time of religious intolerance and violence. Therefore, option D is correct.

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Complete Question:

The English queen who is infamous for persecuting Protestants was?

A. Mary I

B. Mary II

C. Elizabeth I

D. Elizabeth II

The policy initiated by Mao Zedong that discriminated against intellectuals, sent professionals to work in the mines, and encouraged children to turn in their parents was known as the "Cultural Revolution."

The Cultural Revolution was a sociopolitical movement in China that took place from 1966 to 1976, during Mao Zedong's leadership.

It aimed to renew the revolutionary spirit and eliminate capitalist and traditional elements within Chinese society. The policy targeted intellectuals, including teachers, writers, and artists, branding them as "bourgeois" and subjecting them to persecution, humiliation, and forced labor. Many intellectuals were sent to work in rural areas or labor camps, while schools and universities were shut down.

The Cultural Revolution sought to redefine Chinese society based on Maoist ideology and create a classless society by eliminating perceived "counter-revolutionary" elements. Mao believed that the intellectuals and professionals were promoting ideas and values that went against communist principles and hindered the progress of the revolution. As a result, they were labeled as "bourgeoisie" and subjected to intense discrimination. Many were publicly humiliated, physically abused, or even killed. The policy also encouraged a radical form of loyalty to Mao, with children encouraged to denounce their parents if they were suspected of disloyalty to the Communist Party or harboring "counter-revolutionary" thoughts. This led to a breakdown of family relationships and further instability within society.

Overall, the Cultural Revolution was a tumultuous period in China's history characterized by widespread social and political upheaval. Its policies, including the discrimination against intellectuals, forced labor, and encouraging children to turn against their parents, resulted in immense suffering, loss of life, and long-term negative effects on Chinese society and its intellectual development. The Cultural Revolution remains a significant and controversial chapter in China's history, influencing its political, social, and cultural landscape even to this day.

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Answer:

China and North Korea.

Sergius Paulus, a government official, was saved in Cyprus during the encounter with the Apostle Paul, as recorded in the Acts of the Apostles.

According to the New Testament book of Acts (Acts 13:4-12), Sergius Paulus, a Roman proconsul and government official in Cyprus, encountered the Apostle Paul during Paul's missionary journey. Elymas, a Jewish sorcerer and false prophet, was opposing Paul's message and seeking to turn the proconsul away from the faith. In response, Paul, filled with the Holy Spirit, rebuked Elymas and temporarily blinded him. Witnessing this display of power, Sergius Paulus was amazed and came to believe in the teachings of Paul and the message of Christianity.

This event marked a significant turning point in Sergius Paulus' life as a government official. It demonstrated the power of God and led him to embrace the Christian faith. The conversion of Sergius Paulus in Cyprus is one of the notable instances in the book of Acts where influential individuals, including government officials, responded positively to the preaching of the early Christians, contributing to the spread of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire.

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Tribal relations among the Mongols were frequently tense and violent outbursts were not uncommon. Tribal partnerships were nevertheless prevalent, especially in times of conflict or invasion. The hard steppes of Mongolia weren't transformed into Maui, but the milder weather would have encouraged the growth of the grasslands that supplied the essential horse and animal herds for the Mongols.

Because of their famed military skill and conquests, the Mongols were able to extend their empire throughout much of Asia and into Europe. However, they were also renowned for their religious tolerance and readiness to incorporate aspects of various cultures into their own. They frequently demanded payment and subjugation from the people they conquered.

The nomadic Mongols inhabited the vast grasslands of the Eurasian steppe. With sweltering summers and ferociously frigid winters, the climate was severe and unreliable. The Mongols had to move around a lot to locate suitable grazing land for their animals because the water was usually sparse.

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Farmers are vital for food production, facing challenges like weather and market fluctuations. Their social class varies, influenced by government policies and technological advancements in agriculture.

Farmers occupy a significant position within social class structures. As individuals engaged in agricultural activities, they contribute to food production and supply, playing a crucial role in sustaining societies. However, the social class of farmers can differ across various contexts.

Farmers often face unique challenges that can impact their social and economic standing. Factors such as unpredictable weather patterns, market fluctuations, and increasing input costs pose risks to their income and livelihood security. The ability to access resources and support systems greatly influences their social class position.

The social status and recognition of farmers vary widely. In some societies, farmers may be considered part of the working class, toiling for subsistence. In other cases, farmers may belong to the middle class, benefiting from modest success in agricultural endeavors. On the other end of the spectrum, a few farmers may even own large agricultural estates, placing them within the upper class.

Government policies and agricultural reforms have a profound impact on farmers' social class dynamics. Adequate support, subsidies, and investment in rural development can uplift farmers' social and economic status. Conversely, neglect or unfavorable policies can perpetuate their marginalization and lower their social standing.

Technological advancements and the modernization of agriculture also shape the social class composition of farmers. Mechanization, precision farming, and the adoption of innovative techniques have transformed farming practices. These changes can affect the social and economic roles of farmers, potentially leading to shifts in their social class categorization.

In conclusion, farmers occupy various social class positions depending on factors such as government support, economic conditions, and technological advancements. Recognizing their contributions and addressing their needs is essential for equitable agricultural development and a just society.

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In Buckley v. Valeo (1976), the United States Supreme Court ruled that spending by or on behalf of a political candidate is protected speech under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Option (C)

The case challenged the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, which placed limits on the amount of money individuals and groups could donate to political campaigns. The court upheld these contribution limits but struck down limits on independent expenditures, arguing that they violated the free speech rights of candidates and their supporters.

The decision has had a significant impact on campaign finance law in the United States, paving the way for the rise of political action committees (PACs) and Super PACs.

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The belief in internal efficacy refers to an individual's confidence in their ability to participate and have an impact on politics, while external efficacy pertains to the belief that the government will be responsive to the concerns and needs of the citizens.

Internal efficacy relates to an individual's perception of their own efficacy and influence in political processes. It reflects the belief that one's actions, such as voting, engaging in political discussions, or participating in activism, can make a difference. Individuals with a high level of internal efficacy are more likely to actively participate in politics, express their opinions, and work towards achieving their desired political outcomes.

External efficacy, on the other hand, refers to an individual's perception of the responsiveness of the government. It reflects the belief that the government will listen to the concerns and preferences of the citizenry and take appropriate action. People with high external efficacy are more likely to trust the government, engage in political activities, and have faith in the democratic system.

These two forms of efficacy are interconnected. Internal efficacy influences individuals' willingness to engage in political processes, while external efficacy is shaped by their experiences and perceptions of how responsive the government is to their needs and demands. A strong belief in both internal and external efficacy is essential for a healthy democracy, as it fosters active citizen participation, trust in the government, and a sense of ownership over political processes.

Overall, internal efficacy and external efficacy play crucial roles in shaping individuals' political behavior and their perceptions of the government. These beliefs influence citizens' willingness to participate in politics and their expectations of the responsiveness of the government, ultimately shaping the overall health and functioning of democratic systems.

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In the late 1950s, several factors caused fear among Americans except one. This answer will provide an explanation of those factors and identify the exception.

During the late 1950s, Americans faced several causes of fear. The first factor was the Cold War tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, which heightened concerns about the threat of nuclear war and communism. The second factor was the ongoing arms race and the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles, which increased the possibility of a devastating nuclear conflict. Additionally, the space race and the launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik in 1957 raised fears of technological and scientific superiority by the Soviet Union. These factors contributed to a general atmosphere of anxiety and insecurity among Americans.

However, among these factors, the exception that did not cause fear among Americans in the late 1950s was the civil rights movement. The civil rights movement was a social and political struggle for racial equality and justice, primarily led by African Americans. While it evoked resistance and opposition from some segments of the population, particularly in the segregated South, it also inspired hope and optimism for a more just and equal society among many Americans who supported the movement's goals.

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To maintain world peace, was the reason the United Nations was formed. Thus, option (c) is correct.

The creation of the United States was intended to uphold global peace and security, foster goodwill among states, and advance social progress, higher living standards, and human rights.

After World War II, the United States was created in an effort to foster international collaboration on issues of the economy, society, and humanitarian aid.

As a result, the significance of the reason the United Nations was formed are the aforementioned. Therefore, option (c) is correct.

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Answer:

Zheng The biggest and most sophisticated navy the world has ever seen was under his command. The trips were designed to showcase China's might and culture while also returning with exotic artifacts for the Ming court. Zheng In 1405, he embarked on his first voyage, with about 27,800 soldiers.

Explanation:

The explanation is in the answer.