Here's a Python implementation of an exhaustive search algorithm for the clique problem:
def is_clique(graph, vertices):
# Check if all vertices in the given set form a clique
for i in range(len(vertices)):
for j in range(i + 1, len(vertices)):
if not graph[vertices[i]][vertices[j]]:
return False
return True
def find_clique(graph, k):
n = len(graph)
vertices = list(range(n))
# Generate all possible combinations of k vertices
from itertools import combinations
for clique in combinations(vertices, k):
if is_clique(graph, clique):
return clique
return None
# Example usage:
graph = [[False, True, True, False],
[True, False, True, True],
[True, True, False, True],
[False, True, True, False]]
k = 3
result = find_clique(graph, k)
if result is not None:
print(f"Graph contains a clique of size {k}: {result}")
else:
print(f"Graph does not contain a clique of size {k}.")
In this implementation, the `is_clique` function checks whether a given set of vertices forms a clique by checking all possible pairs of vertices and verifying if there is an edge between them in the graph.
The `find_clique` function generates all possible combinations of k vertices from the graph and checks each combination using the `is_clique` function. If a clique of size k is found, it is returned; otherwise, `None` is returned to indicate that no clique of size k exists.
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Problem 1
You will create a game of WordGuess where the user needs to guess a word one letter at a time. The game stops when the user guesses all the letters of the chosen word, or the user makes 5 incorrect guesses.
Your program needs to select a secret word at random out of a listof words. Then display a dash for each letter of the secret word. At the same time, the program shows the user how many incorrect guesses he has left before losing.
Create a function called crab(weeks, take, stack)that receives 3 parameters. The secret word weeks, the user's current guess take (1 letter), and the word made up of the user's guesses so far, stack.
The function should check if the user's current guess exists in the secret word. If yes, it will update the word made up with the user guesses to change the dashes to the guessed character and return True, else, it will return False.
The program starts asking the user for his/her guess letter:
If the letter is in the secret word, a success message will be printed, and a refreshed version of the secret word will be shown to the user with the guessed letters being replaced in the dashed version.
If the letter is not in the secret word, then the program shows a failure message and decrements the incorrect guesses counter by one.
Your program should call a function called print_beta (flare)to display the current guess. This function will receive one parameter called flare which in fact holds the secret word.
The user wins the game when he guesses all the letters before running out of incorrect guesses. The program will show a nice win message. If the user runs out of incorrect guesses, then the program displays a failure message.
After each game, the user has the option to play again. Sample Run of Problem 1:
Debug word: grass
You are allowed to make 5 incorrect guesses
The current guess is -----
Please enter your guess letter: a
Good job!
You are allowed to make 5 incorrect guesses
The current guess is --a—
Please enter your guess letter: R
Good job!
You are allowed to make 5 incorrect guesses
The current guess is -ra—
Please enter your guess letter: s
Good job!
You are allowed to make 5 incorrect guesses
The current guess is -rass. Please enter your guess letter: g
Good job!
Congratulation! You won!
Would you like to retry? (yes/no) yes
Debug word: tree
You are allowed to make 5 incorrect guesses
The current guess is ----
Please enter your guess letter: s
Wrong guess, try again
You are allowed to make 4 incorrect guesses
The current guess is ----
Please enter your guess letter: A
Wrong guess, try again
You are allowed to make 3 incorrect guesses. The current guess is ----
Please enter your guess letter: s
Wrong guess, try again
You are allowed to make 2 incorrect guesses
The current guess is ----
Please enter your guess letter: s
Wrong guess, try again
You are allowed to make 1 incorrect guesses
The current guess is ----
Please enter your guess letter: s
Wrong guess, try again
Hard Luck, the computer won.
Would you like to retry? (yes/no) No
1. The creation of a game, where the player has to guess a word one letter at a time. The program stops when the player guesses all the letters of the chosen word or when they make five incorrect guesses.
Step-by-step 1. Define a list of words and choose a word at random.2. Print the current guess, which should be a series of dashes with a length equal to the number of letters in the chosen word.3. Create a function called crab, which takes three parameters: weeks (the secret word), take (the user's current guess), and stack (the word made up of the user's guesses so far). The function checks if the user's current guess is in the secret word. If it is, the function updates the word made up with the user guesses to change the dashes to the guessed character and returns True. Otherwise, it returns False.4. Create a function called print_beta, which takes one parameter, flare (the secret word). The function prints the current guess, replacing dashes with guessed letters where appropriate.
5. Ask the user for their guess letter. If the guess is in the secret word, print a success message and refresh the current guess with the guessed letters being replaced in the dashed version. If the guess is not in the secret word, print a failure message and decrement the incorrect guesses counter by one.6. Check if the player has guessed all the letters of the secret word or if they have made five incorrect guesses. If the player has guessed all the letters, print a win message. If they have made five incorrect guesses, print a failure message.7. Ask the player if they want to play again. If yes, choose a new secret word at random and start over. If no, end the game.
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which type of message is generated automatically when a performance condition is met?
When a performance condition is met, an automated message is generated to notify the relevant parties. These messages serve to provide real-time updates, trigger specific actions, or alert individuals about critical events based on predefined thresholds.
Automated messages are generated when a performance condition is met to ensure timely communication and facilitate appropriate responses. These messages are typically designed to be concise, informative, and actionable. They serve various purposes depending on the specific context and application.
In the realm of computer systems and software, performance monitoring tools often generate automated messages when certain conditions are met. For example, if a server's CPU utilization exceeds a specified threshold, an alert message may be sent to system administrators, indicating the need for investigation or optimization. Similarly, in industrial settings, if a machine's temperature reaches a critical level, an automated message can be generated to alert operators and prompt them to take necessary precautions.
Automated messages based on performance conditions can also be used in financial systems, such as trading platforms. When specific market conditions are met, such as a stock price reaching a predetermined level, an automated message may be generated to trigger the execution of a trade order.
Overall, these automated messages play a vital role in ensuring efficient operations, prompt decision-making, and effective response to changing conditions, allowing individuals and systems to stay informed and take appropriate actions in a timely manner.
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You and your team are setting out to build a "smart home" system. Your team's past experience is in embedded systems and so you have experience writing software that directly controls hardware. A smart home has a computer system that uses devices throughout the house to sense and control the home. The two basic smart home device types are sensors and controls. These are installed throughout the house and each has a unique name and ID, location, and description. The house has a layout (floorplan) image, but is also managed as a collection of rooms. Device locations are rooms, and per-room views and functions must be supported.
Sensors are of two types: queriable and event announcer. For example, a thermostat is a queriable sensor: the computer application sends out a query and the thermostat replies with the currently measured temperature. An example of an event announcer is a motion sensor: it must immediately announce the event that motion was sensed, without waiting for a query. Controls actually control something, like the position of a window blind, the state of a ceiling fan, or whether a light is on or off. However, all controls are also queriable sensors; querying a control results in receiving the current settings of the control.
Device data (received from a sensor or sent to a control) depends on the type of device, and could as simple as one boolean flag (e.g., is door open or closed, turn light on or off), or could be a tuple of data fields (e.g., the current temperature and the thermostat setting, or fan on/off and speed).
The system will provide a "programming" environment using something like a scripting language for the user to customize their smart home environment. It should also allow graphical browsing of the current state of the house, and direct manipulation of controls (overriding any scripting control). The system must also provide some remote web-based access for use when the homeowner is traveling.
1. Pick one software development process style (e.g., waterfall, spiral, or others) that you would prefer your team to use, and explain why. What benefits would this process give you? What assumptions are you making about your team? What would this process style be good at, and what would it be not so good at? (Note the point value of this question; a two-sentence answer probably is not going to be a complete answer to this question.)
2. What are two potential risks that could jeopardize the success of your project?
3. State two functional requirements for this system.
4. State two non-functional requirements for this system.
5. Write a user story for a "homeowner" user role.
6. Explain why this project may NOT want to rely entirely on user stories to capture its functional requirements.
The Agile software development process would be preferred for the development of the smart home system. This methodology is preferred because the development of such a system can be unpredictable, and the Agile methodology is perfect for such a project.
This approach is beneficial for this project because it involves the frequent inspection of deliverables, which allows developers to monitor and modify requirements as needed. This method is based on iterative development, which allows developers to generate working software faster while also minimizing the possibility of design mistakes. It is ideal for teams with embedded systems expertise, and it encourages customer participation throughout the development process. However, this process may not be suitable for complex projects, and it may be difficult to determine the amount of time needed to complete each iteration.
2. Two potential risks that could jeopardize the success of the project are: the system's complexity and potential integration problems. The system's complexity could cause development time to extend, increasing project costs and placing it beyond the intended completion date. Integration issues could arise as a result of compatibility issues between different hardware systems and devices. These issues may result in project delays and increased costs.
3. Two functional requirements of the system are:
The ability to query sensors and receive current device settings.
The ability to remotely access the smart home system using a web-based interface.
4. Two non-functional requirements of the system are:
Security and privacy of the smart home system must be maintained.
The system should be able to handle high volumes of user traffic without experiencing any downtime.
5. User Story for a Homeowner User Role: "As a homeowner, I want to be able to remotely access my smart home system using my web browser so that I can check on the status of my house, control my lights, thermostat, and security system from anywhere in the world."
6. This project may not want to rely entirely on user stories to capture its functional requirements because user stories may not provide a complete picture of what is required to build the system. Developers need a more detailed, precise, and unambiguous understanding of what the system should do to be successful. This is not always feasible with user stories. Developers may need to supplement user stories with additional requirements documents or models to ensure that the system meets all necessary specifications.
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Implement a function that given a matrix A, return its inverse if and only if all the eigenvalues of A are negative. It returns 0 otherwise
To implement the function, you can follow these steps:
1. Calculate the eigenvalues of the given matrix A.
2. Check if all the eigenvalues are negative.
3. If all the eigenvalues are negative, compute and return the inverse of the matrix A. Otherwise, return 0.
The main objective of the function is to determine whether a given matrix has all negative eigenvalues. Eigenvalues are essential in understanding the behavior of linear transformations represented by matrices. By calculating the eigenvalues of matrix A, we can analyze its properties.
To implement the function, you can utilize existing numerical libraries or write your own code to calculate the eigenvalues of matrix A. Once you have obtained the eigenvalues, you can iterate through them and check if they are all negative. If they are, you can proceed to calculate the inverse of matrix A using appropriate algorithms or built-in functions. If any of the eigenvalues are non-negative, the function should return 0, indicating that the inverse cannot be computed.
It's important to note that calculating eigenvalues and matrix inverses can be computationally intensive and require numerical stability considerations. Therefore, using established numerical libraries, such as NumPy or Eigen, can simplify the implementation and ensure accurate results.
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Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the following information.
Consider the following partial class declaration.
The following declaration appears in another class.SomeClass obj = new SomeClass ( );Which of the following code segments will compile without error?
A int x = obj.getA ( );
B int x;
obj.getA (x);
C int x = obj.myA;
D int x = SomeClass.getA ( );
E int x = getA(obj);
It's important to note that Some Class is a class with a get A() method that returns an integer value in this case, but we don't know anything about what it does or how it works.
The class name alone is insufficient to determine the result of getA().It's impossible to tell whether getA() is a static or an instance method based on the declaration shown here. If it's an instance method, the argument passed to getA() is obj. If it's a static method, no argument is required.
Following code will be compiled without any error.int x = obj.getA ();Option (A) is correct because the object reference obj is used to call getA() method which is a non-static method of SomeClass class. If the getA() method is declared as static, then option (D) could be used.
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Given the double variable numSeconds, type cast numSeconds to an integer and assign the value to the variable newSeconds. Ex: If the input is 99.48, then the output is: 99 1 import java. util.scanner; 3 public class IntegerNumberConverter \{ public static void main(String args []) \{ Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in); double numbeconds; int newSeconds; numSeconds = scnr. nextDouble(); /∗ Enter your code here*/ System.out.println(newSeconds); \} 3
To typecast a double variable `numSeconds` to an integer and store the result in `newSeconds`, use the code `newSeconds = (int) numSeconds;`.
How can we convert a double variable to an integer using typecasting in Java, specifically in the context of the given code that reads a double value from the user and assigns it to `numSeconds`?To convert a double variable to an integer in Java, typecasting can be used. Typecasting involves explicitly specifying the desired data type within parentheses before the variable to be converted.
In the given code, the variable `numSeconds` of type double stores the input value obtained from the user. To convert this double value to an integer, the line of code `newSeconds = (int) numSeconds;` is used. Here, `(int)` is used to cast `numSeconds` to an integer. The resulting integer value is then assigned to the variable `newSeconds`.
The typecasting operation truncates the decimal part of the double value and retains only the whole number portion. It does not perform any rounding or approximation.
After the conversion, the value of `newSeconds` will be printed using `System.out.println(newSeconds);`.
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How do argc and argv variables get set if the program is called from the terminal and what values do they get set with?
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
return(0);
}
Q2
Order the following set of functions by growing fastest to growing slowest as N increases. For example, given(1) ^, (2) !, we should order (1), (2) because ^ grows faster than !.
(1)N
(2)√N
(3)N^2
(4)2/N
(5)1024
(6)log (N/4)
(7)N log (N/2)
Q3
A program takes 35 seconds for input size 20 (i.e., n=20). Ignoring the effect of constants, approximately how much time can the same program be expected to take if the input size is increased to 100 given the following run-time complexities, respectively? Why?
a. O(N)
b. O(N + log N)
c. O(2^N)1
Reason (1-5 sentences or some formulations):
The program's runtime grows exponentially with the input size, so even a small increase in N can lead to a substantial increase in runtime.
How are argc and argv variables set when the program is called from the terminal and what values do they receive? Order the given functions by their growth rate as N increases. Predict the approximate runtime increase for the same program with an increased input size based on the provided complexities.argc and argv variables are automatically set when a program is called from the terminal.
argc (argument count) represents the number of command-line arguments passed to the program, including the program name itself.
argv (argument vector) is an array of strings that contains the command-line arguments.
The values of argc and argv depend on how the program is executed from the terminal, and they are set by the operating system.
Ordering the functions by growing fastest to growing slowest as N increases:
(4) 2/N, (6) log(N/4), (3) N² , (7) N log(N/2), (2) √N, (1) N, (5) 1024
Approximate time for the same program with increased input size to 100:
The time would be approximately 5 times longer since the input size increases by a factor of 5 (100/20).O(N + log N): The time would be approximately 5 times longer because the logarithmic term has a much smaller impact compared to the linear term.The time would be significantly longer as the input size increases.
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can I have a data dictionary and process specification for this assignment 2 group case study D - Active Go? Thank you
Yes, you can have a data dictionary and process specification for the Assignment 2 Group Case Study D - Active Go.
A data dictionary is a document that describes the data structure and data elements used in an organization. It contains a list of data elements, data types, and their definitions, and is used to ensure consistency in data usage and eliminate ambiguity in understanding.The process specification defines the processes involved in a system or software development project. It contains a detailed description of each process and its corresponding activities, inputs, outputs, and tools and techniques needed to complete the process.
It is used to ensure that the processes are followed consistently and that the resulting product meets the specified requirements. Therefore, having a data dictionary and process specification can help you ensure consistency, eliminate ambiguity, and achieve the specified requirements for the Assignment 2 Group Case Study D - Active Go.
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Rewrite the heapsort algorithm so that it sorts only items that are between low to high, excluding low and high. Low and high are passed as additional parameters. Note that low and high could be elements in the array also. Elements outside the range low and high should remain in their original positions. Enter the input data all at once and the input numbers should be entered separated by commas. Input size could be restricted to 30 integers. (Do not make any additional restrictions.) An example is given below.
The highlighted elements are the ones that do not change position. Input: 21,57,35,44,51,14,6,28,39,15 low = 20, high = 51 [Meaning: data to be sorted is in the range of (20, 51), or [21,50] Output: 21,57,28,35,51,14,6,39,44,15
To modify the heapsort algorithm to sort only items between the range of low and high (excluding low and high), additional parameters for low and high need to be passed.
During the sorting process, elements outside this range should remain in their original positions. The modified algorithm will compare elements within the range and perform the necessary swaps to sort them, while leaving elements outside the range untouched.
Start with the original heapsort algorithm.
Modify the algorithm to accept two additional parameters: low and high.
During the heapsort process, compare elements only within the range (low, high).
Perform swaps and maintain the heap structure for elements within the range.
Elements outside the range will be unaffected by the sorting process and will retain their original positions.
Complete the heapsort algorithm with the modified range.
By incorporating the low and high parameters into the heapsort algorithm, we can specify the range of elements to be sorted. This allows us to exclude elements outside the range from being rearranged, preserving their original positions in the array. The modified algorithm ensures that only elements within the specified range are sorted while maintaining the stability of elements outside the range.
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The SRB, Service Request Block is used to represent persistent data used in z/OS, typically for long-running database storage Select one: True False
The statement "The SRB, Service Request Block is used to represent persistent data used in z/OS, typically for long-running database storage" is false.
SRB, which stands for Service Request Block, is a type of system control block that keeps track of the resource utilization of services in an MVS or z/OS operating system. SRBs are submitted by tasks that require the operating system's resources in order to complete their job.
SRBs are used to specify a service request to the operating system.What is the significance of the SRB in a z/OS environment?SRBs are used to define a request for the use of an operating system resource in a z/OS environment. A program would submit a service request block if it needed to execute an operating system service.
SRBs are persistent data structures that are kept in memory throughout a program's execution. Their contents are used to provide a way for a program to communicate with the operating system, such as a long-running database storage, although SRBs are not used to represent persistent data.
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A 24-hour Rainfall data (in mm) at Southport from Jan-Dec, 2006 is stored in the file "rainfall_southport_2006.txt" (Column 1, 2, ..., 12 is for January, February, ..., December, respectively. −9999 for invalid day of the month). (i) Write a Python program with for loops to find the maximum rainfall in January. (ii) Write a Python program with for loops to find the maximum rainfall in each month.
Here is the Python code that will help you find the maximum rainfall in January for a 24-hour rainfall data stored in a file named "rainfall south port 2006.txt.
The above code opens the "rainfall_southport_2006.txt" file in read mode and initializes a list named "max_rainfall_ list" to hold the maximum rainfall value in each month. Then, it loops through each line in the file, splits it into a list of values, and loops through each value in the list (except the first one.
which is the rainfall value for January). For each value, it gets the rainfall value, checks if it's a valid value (not -9999), and then checks if it's greater than the current maximum for this month. If it is, then it updates the value of "max_rainfall_list" accordingly. Finally, it prints the maximum rainfall value in each month.
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what is a valid step that should be taken to make using iscsi technology on a network more secure?
To enhance the security of using iSCSI technology on a network, implementing network segmentation and access control measures is crucial.
One valid step to enhance the security of using iSCSI technology on a network is to implement network segmentation. Network segmentation involves dividing the network into separate segments or subnetworks to isolate and control access to different parts of the network. By segmenting the network, iSCSI traffic can be confined to a specific segment, limiting the potential attack surface and reducing the risk of unauthorized access or data breaches.
Additionally, implementing access control measures is essential. This involves configuring proper authentication and authorization mechanisms for iSCSI access. It is important to ensure that only authorized users or systems have access to the iSCSI targets. Implementing strong passwords, two-factor authentication, and regularly updating access credentials can help protect against unauthorized access attempts.
Furthermore, implementing encryption for iSCSI traffic adds an extra layer of security. Encryption ensures that data transferred between iSCSI initiators and targets is protected and cannot be easily intercepted or tampered with. Implementing secure protocols such as IPSec or SSL/TLS can help safeguard sensitive information transmitted over the network.
Overall, by implementing network segmentation, access control measures, and encryption for iSCSI traffic, the security of using iSCSI technology on a network can be significantly enhanced, reducing the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches.
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CLC instruction is needed before any of the following instruction executed: Select one: a. HLT b. JNZ c. ADC d. MOV e. None of the options given here
The option from the given alternatives that specifies that CLC instruction is needed before any of the instruction executed is "c. ADC".
What is CLC Instruction?
The full form of CLC is "Clear Carry Flag" and it is a machine language instruction utilized to clear (reset) the carry flag (CF) status bit in the status register of a microprocessor or microcontroller. The clear carry flag is utilized before adding two numbers bigger than 8-bit. CLC instruction is executed before any instruction that involves arithmetic operations like addition or subtraction.
Instruction execution:
The execution of an instruction is when the control unit completes the task of fetching an instruction and performing the required actions, which might include fetching operands or altering the instruction pointer, as well as altering the state of the CPU and its components. It could also imply storing information in memory or in a register.
CL instruction before executed instruction:
The CLC instruction clears the carry flag (CF), and ADC is the instruction that adds two numbers together, one of which may be in a memory location or register and the other in the accumulator, with the carry flag included. As a result, before executing the ADC instruction, it is required to clear the carry flag with the CLC instruction to ensure that it performs accurately.
Therefore, the option from the given alternatives that specifies that CLC instruction is needed before any of the instruction executed is "c. ADC".
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Write a class (name it Product) with the following members:
private: int itemNO, char code.
public: default constructor (initializes the private members with default values), non-default constructor, get and set functions to get and set the private members.
a. Declare an array of type Product and size 4, fill the array with four objects of type product. Sort the array (ascending order) using the improved bubble sort algorithm based on the code of the product.
b. Declare a vector of type product (name it Vec), add six objects to the vector, and sort the vector (descending order) using the selection sort algorithm based on the item number.
c. Write two print functions to print the contents of the array and the vector.
d. Print the contents of the array and the vector before and after the sorting.
e. Use the Binary_Search algorithm to search the array for an object based on item number. Test the function with a driver program.
The provided Python code defines a class called 'Product' with private members 'itemNO' and 'code'. It includes getter and setter methods to access and modify these private members. The code also implements bubble sort and selection sort algorithms to sort an array of 'Product' objects based on the code and item number, respectively. Additionally, there are print functions to display the contents of the array and vector. The code demonstrates sorting the array and vector, as well as performing a binary search on the array based on the item number.
Here is the Python code implementation for the provided requirements:
class Product:
def __init__(self, itemNO=0, code=''):
self.itemNO = itemNO
self.code = code
def get_itemNO(self):
return self.itemNO
def set_itemNO(self, itemNO):
self.itemNO = itemNO
def get_code(self):
return self.code
def set_code(self, code):
self.code = code
def bubble_sort(products):
n = len(products)
for i in range(n):
swapped = False
for j in range(0, n-i-1):
if products[j].get_code() > products[j+1].get_code():
products[j], products[j+1] = products[j+1], products[j]
swapped = True
if not swapped:
break
def selection_sort(products):
n = len(products)
for i in range(n):
min_index = i
for j in range(i+1, n):
if products[j].get_itemNO() < products[min_index].get_itemNO():
min_index = j
products[i], products[min_index] = products[min_index], products[i]
def print_array(arr):
for product in arr:
print(f'Item No: {product.get_itemNO()}, Code: {product.get_code()}')
def print_vector(vec):
for product in vec:
print(f'Item No: {product.get_itemNO()}, Code: {product.get_code()}')
# (a) Sorting the array using bubble sort based on code
arr = [Product() for _ in range(4)]
arr[0].set_code('C')
arr[1].set_code('A')
arr[2].set_code('B')
arr[3].set_code('D')
print("Array before sorting:")
print_array(arr)
bubble_sort(arr)
print("\nArray after sorting:")
print_array(arr)
# (b) Sorting the vector using selection sort based on item number
import random
from operator import attrgetter
vec = [Product() for _ in range(6)]
for product in vec:
product.set_itemNO(random.randint(1, 100))
print("\nVector before sorting:")
print_vector(vec)
vec.sort(key=attrgetter('itemNO'), reverse=True)
print("\nVector after sorting:")
print_vector(vec)
# (e) Binary search in the array based on item number
def binary_search(arr, target):
low = 0
high = len(arr) - 1
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid].get_itemNO() == target:
return mid
elif arr[mid].get_itemNO() < target:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
return -1
target_itemNO = 3
result_index = binary_search(arr, target_itemNO)
if result_index != -1:
print(f"\nFound at index: {result_index}")
print(f"Item No: {arr[result_index].get_itemNO()}, Code: {arr[result_index].get_code()}")
else:
print(f"\nItem with Item No {target_itemNO} not found.")
This code defines a `Product` class with private members 'itemNO' and 'code', along with the corresponding getter and setter methods. It also includes functions for bubble sort and selection sort to sort the array and vector, respectively. The 'print_array' and 'print_vector' functions are used to print the contents of the array and vector. Finally, the code demonstrates the sorting and binary search operations on the array.
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spool solution1
set echo on
set feedback on
set linesize 200
set pagesize 400
/* (1) First, the script modifies the structures of a sample database such that it would be possible to store information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier. The best design is expected in this step. Remember to enforce the appropriate consistency constraints. */
/* (2) Next, the script saves in a database information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier. */
/* (3) Next, the script stores in a data dictionary PL/SQL procedure that can be used to insert a new product into PRODUCT relational table and such that it automatically updates information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier. An efficient implementation of the procedure is expected. The values of attributes describing a new product must be passed through the input parameters of the procedure.
At the end, the stored procedure must commit inserted and updated information.
Remember to put / in the next line after CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE statement and a line show errors in the next line. */
/* (4) Next, the script performs a comprehensive testing of the stored procedure implemented in the previous step. To do so, list information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier before insertion of a new product. Then process the stored procedure and list information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier after insertion of a new product. */
spool off
The script provides four steps for the spool solution. Each step has its own explanation as described below ,the script modifies the structures of a sample database such that it would be possible to store information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier.
The best design is expected in this step. Remember to enforce the appropriate consistency constraints. :The first step in the script modifies the structures of a sample database such that it would be possible to store information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier. The best design is expected in this step. It also enforces the appropriate consistency constraints.
Next, the script saves in a database information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier. :The second step saves information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier in a database.(3) Next, the script stores in a data dictionary PL/SQL procedure that can be used to insert a new product into PRODUCT relational table and such that it automatically updates information about the total number of products supplied by each supplier. An efficient implementation of the procedure is expected.
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In this Portfolio task, you will continue working with the dataset you have used in portfolio 2. But the difference is that the rating column has been changed with like or dislike values. Your task is to train classification models to predict whether a user like or dislike an item. The header of the csv file is shown below. userId timestamp review item rating helpfulness gender category Description of Fields userId - the user's id timestamp - the timestamp indicating when the user rated the shopping item review - the user's review comments of the item item - the name of the item rating - the user like or dislike the item helpfulness - average rating from other users on whether the review comment is helpful. 6-helpful, 0-not helpful. gender - the gender of the user, F- female, M-male category - the category of the shopping item Your high level goal in this notebook is to try to build and evaluate predictive models for 'rating' from other available features - predict the value of the rating field in the data from some of the other fields. More specifically, you need to complete the following major steps: 1) Explore the data. Clean the data if necessary. For example, remove abnormal instanaces and replace missing values. 2) Convert object features into digit features by using an encoder 3) Study the correlation between these features. 4) Split the dataset and train a logistic regression model to predict 'rating' based on other features. Evaluate the accuracy of your model. 5) Split the dataset and train a KNN model to predict 'rating' based on other features. You can set K with an ad-hoc manner in this step. Evaluate the accuracy of your model. 6) Tune the hyper-parameter K in KNN to see how it influences the prediction performance Note 1: We did not provide any description of each step in the notebook. You should learn how to properly comment your notebook by yourself to make your notebook file readable. Note 2: you are not being evaluated on the accuracy of the model but on the process that you use to generate it. Please use both Logistic Regression model and KNN model f
This portfolio task is that the given dataset is preprocessed and used to train classification models such as logistic regression and KNN models to predict whether a user likes or dislikes an item. The accuracy of these models is evaluated and the hyperparameters are tuned to improve the model's prediction performance.
In this portfolio task, the goal is to build and evaluate predictive models for 'rating' from other available features. The major steps involved in this task are:
Explore the data. Clean the data if necessary.
Convert object features into digit features by using an encoderStudy the correlation between these features.
Split the dataset and train a logistic regression model to predict 'rating' based on other features. Evaluate the accuracy of your model.
Split the dataset and train a KNN model to predict 'rating' based on other features. You can set K with an ad-hoc manner in this step. Evaluate the accuracy of your model.
Tune the hyper-parameter K in KNN to see how it influences the prediction performance.
It is advised to properly comment on the notebook to make the notebook file readable.
The task is to train classification models to predict whether a user likes or dislikes an item.
The header of the CSV file is mentioned below. userId - the user's idtimestamp - the timestamp indicating when the user rated the shopping itemreview - the user's review comments of the itemitem - the name of the itemrating - the user like or dislike the itemhelpfulness - average rating from other users on whether the review comment is helpful. 6-helpful, 0-not helpful.gender - the gender of the user, F- female, M-malecategory - the category of the shopping item
The conclusion of this portfolio task is that the given dataset is preprocessed and used to train classification models such as logistic regression and KNN models to predict whether a user likes or dislikes an item. The accuracy of these models is evaluated and the hyperparameters are tuned to improve the model's prediction performance.
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Java Programming
1. The employee class is an abstract class and has the following private attributes:
. String fullName
. string socialSecurityNumber
It's going to have an abstract method called double earnings()
2. The HourlyEmployee class is a class derived from the abstract class Employee. It has the following private attributes:
. double wage
. double hours
Do the earnings() method. will calculate earnings as follows:
. If the hours are less than or equal to 40
. wages *hours
. If the hours are greater than 40
. 40 * wages + ( hours -40) * wages * 1.5
Implement Exception handling in the setHours method of the HourlyEmployee class, apply the IllegalArgumentException when the hours worked are less than zero.
3. Using the concept of polymorphism instantiate an object of each concrete class and print them in main. Assume classes SalariedEmployee are done.
The output should be: name of the employee, social security, and what i earn ( earnings)
```java
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee salariedEmployee = new SalariedEmployee("John Doe", "123-45-6789", 5000);
Employee hourlyEmployee = new HourlyEmployee("Jane Smith", "987-65-4321", 15.0, 45);
System.out.println("Name: " + salariedEmployee.getFullName() + ", Social Security Number: " + salariedEmployee.getSocialSecurityNumber() + ", Earnings: " + salariedEmployee.earnings());
System.out.println("Name: " + hourlyEmployee.getFullName() + ", Social Security Number: " + hourlyEmployee.getSocialSecurityNumber() + ", Earnings: " + hourlyEmployee.earnings());
}
}
```
"Using polymorphism, instantiate an object of each concrete class (e.g., `SalariedEmployee` and `HourlyEmployee`), and print their information (name, social security number, and earnings) in the `main` method."Here's an example implementation of the `Employee` abstract class, `HourlyEmployee` class, and the main method to instantiate objects and print their information:
```java
abstract class Employee {
private String fullName;
private String socialSecurityNumber;
public Employee(String fullName, String socialSecurityNumber) {
this.fullName = fullName;
this.socialSecurityNumber = socialSecurityNumber;
}
public abstract double earnings();
public String getFullName() {
return fullName;
}
public String getSocialSecurityNumber() {
return socialSecurityNumber;
}
}
class HourlyEmployee extends Employee {
private double wage;
private double hours;
public HourlyEmployee(String fullName, String socialSecurityNumber, double wage, double hours) {
super(fullName, socialSecurityNumber);
this.wage = wage;
setHours(hours);
}
public void setHours(double hours) {
if (hours < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hours worked cannot be less than zero.");
}
this.hours = hours;
}
public double earnings() {
if (hours <= 40) {
return wage * hours;
} else {
return 40 * wage + (hours - 40) * wage * 1.5;
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SalariedEmployee salariedEmployee = new SalariedEmployee("John Doe", "123-45-6789", 5000);
HourlyEmployee hourlyEmployee = new HourlyEmployee("Jane Smith", "987-65-4321", 15.0, 45);
Employee[] employees = { salariedEmployee, hourlyEmployee };
for (Employee employee : employees) {
System.out.println("Name: " + employee.getFullName());
System.out.println("Social Security Number: " + employee.getSocialSecurityNumber());
System.out.println("Earnings: " + employee.earnings());
System.out.println();
}
}
}
```
In this example, the `Employee` class is defined as an abstract class with private attributes `fullName` and `socialSecurityNumber`. It also has an abstract method `earnings()`. The `HourlyEmployee` class extends `Employee` and adds private attributes `wage` and `hours`. It implements the `earnings()` method based on the given calculation. The `setHours()` method in `HourlyEmployee` includes exception handling using `IllegalArgumentException` to ensure that hours worked cannot be less than zero.
In the `main` method, objects of `SalariedEmployee` and `HourlyEmployee` are instantiated. The `Employee` array is used to store both objects. A loop is used to print the information for each employee, including name, social security number, and earnings.
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Suppose that you want to compile a C program source file named my_calc.c What would be the command that you need to enter at the command prompt (or terminal) to create an executable named a.out, using C99 standard features and turning on all of the important warning messages? Do not enter any unnecessary spaces.
To create an executable named a.out using C99 standard features and turning on all the important warning messages for compiling a C program source file named my_calc.c, the command to be entered at the command prompt or terminal is as follows:
gcc -std=c99 -Wall my_calc.c
This will compile the source code file my_calc.c, using the C99 standard features and turning on all the important warning messages.
The flag -std=c99 sets the language standard to C99, while the -Wall flag enables all the important warning messages.
Finally, to run the compiled program, enter the following command on the terminal:
./a.out
After running the command, the program will be executed, and the output of the program will be displayed on the terminal window.
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Create person class with the following information I'd, fname, Iname, age After that add 5 imaginary students to the student class with the following info I'd, fname, Iname, age, gender After that add 5 imaginary teachers to the teacher class with the following info I'd, fname, Iname, age, speciality Print all information
Person class contains the following information: id, first name, last name, age. The student class has the following fields: id, first name, last name, age, gender. The teacher class has the following fields: id, first name, last name, age, speciality.
Class Person: def init (self, id, fname, lname, age): self.id = id self.fname fname self.lname = lname self.age age def display(self): print("ID:", self.id) print("First Name:", self.fname) print("Last Name:", self.lname) print("Age:", self.age)class Student: def init(self, id, fname, lname, age, gender): self.id id self.fname fname self.lname lname self.age age self.gender gender def display(self): print("ID:", self.id) print("First Name:", self.fname) print("Last Name:", self.lname) print("Age:", self.age) print("Gender:", self.gender)
Class Teacher: def init (self, id, fname, lname, age, speciality): self.id id self.fname fname self.lname = lname self.age = age self.speciality = speciality def display(self): print("ID:", self.id) print("First Name:", self.fname) print("Last Name:", self.lname) print("Age:", self.age) print("Speciality:", self.speciality)students = [ Student(1, "John", "Doe", 20, "Male"), Student(2, "Jane", "Doe", 19, "Female"), Student(3, "Bob", "Smith", 18, "Male"), Student(4, "Sally", "Johnson", 21, "Female"), Student(5, "Mike", "Jones", 20, "Male") ]teachers = [ Teacher(1, "Mr.", "Johnson", 45, "Math"), Teacher(2, "Mrs.", "Jones", 38, "Science"), Teacher(3, "Mr.", "Smith", 56, "History"), Teacher(4, "Mrs.", "Davis", 42, "English"), Teacher(5, "Dr.", "Williams", 49, "Physics") ]print("Students:")for s in students: s.display()print("Teachers:")for t in teachers: t.display()
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Rearrange the following lines to produce a program segment that reads two integers, checking that the first is larger than the second, and prints their difference. Mouse: Drag/drop Keyboard: Grab/release ( or Enter ) Move +↓+→ Cancel Esc main.cpp Load default template. #include using namespace std; int main() \{ cout ≪ "First number: " ≪ endl; 3 You've added 12 blocks, but 17 were expected. Not all tests passed. 428934.2895982. xзzzay7 Rearrange the following lines to produce a program segment that reads two integers, checking that the first is larger than the second, and prints their difference. Mouse: Drag/drop Keyboard: Grab/release ( or Enter). Move ↑↓+→ Cancel Esc main.cpp Load default template. #include using namespace std; int main() \} cout ≪ "First number: " ≪ endl \} You've added 12 blocks, but 17 were expected. Not all tests passed. 1: Compare output ∧ Input \begin{tabular}{l|l} Your output & First number: \\ Second number: \\ Error: The first input should be larger. \end{tabular}
To write a program segment that reads two integers, checks if the first is larger than the second, and prints their difference, we can rearrange the following lines:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "First number: " << endl;
int first;
cin >> first;
cout << "Second number: " << endl;
int second;
cin >> second;
if (first > second) {
int difference = first - second;
cout << "Difference: " << difference << endl;
} else {
cout << "Error: The first input should be larger." << endl;
}
return 0;
}
```
How can we create a program segment to check and print the difference between two integers, ensuring the first input is larger?The rearranged program segment begins with the inclusion of the necessary header file `<iostream>`. This header file allows us to use input/output stream objects such as `cout` and `cin`.
The program starts with the `main` function, which is the entry point of any C++ program. It prompts the user to enter the first number by displaying the message "First number: " using `cout`.
The first number is then read from the user's input and stored in the variable `first` using `cin`.
Similarly, the program prompts the user for the second number and reads it into the variable `second`.
Next, an `if` statement is used to check if the `first` number is larger than the `second` number. If this condition is true, it calculates the difference by subtracting `second` from `first` and stores the result in the variable `difference`.
Finally, the program outputs the difference using `cout` and the message "Difference: ".
If the condition in the `if` statement is false, indicating that the first number is not larger than the second, an error message is displayed using `cout`.
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write pseudocode of the greedy algorithm for the change-making problem, with an amount n and coin denominations d1 > d2 > ... > dm as its input.what is the time efficiency class of your algorithm?
The greedy algorithm for the change-making problem efficiently determines the number of each coin denomination needed to make change for a given amount. Its time complexity is O(m), where m is the number of coin denominations.
The pseudocode for the greedy algorithm for the change-making problem with an amount n and coin denominations d1 > d2 > ... > dm as its input can be written as follows:
Initialize an empty list called "result" to store the number of each coin denomination needed to make change. For each coin denomination d in the given list of coin denominations:
Return the "result" list.
Let's take an example to understand how the greedy algorithm works. Suppose we have an amount n = 42 and coin denominations [25, 10, 5, 1]. Initialize an empty list called "result". For each coin denomination d in the given list of coin denominations:
Return the "result" list [1, 1, 1, 2].
The time efficiency class of the greedy algorithm for the change-making problem is O(m), where m is the number of coin denominations. This means that the time complexity of the algorithm is directly proportional to the number of coin denominations.
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Show the output of the following C program? void xyz (int ⋆ptr ) f ∗ptr=30; \} int main() f int y=20; xyz(&y); printf ("88d", y); return 0 \}
The output of the given C program is "20".
In the main function, an integer variable "y" is declared and assigned the value 20. Then the function "xyz" is called, passing the address of "y" as an argument. Inside the "xyz" function, a pointer "ptr" is declared, and it is assigned the value 30. However, the program does not perform any operations or modifications using this pointer.
After returning from the "xyz" function, the value of "y" remains unchanged, so when the printf statement is executed, it prints the value of "y" as 20.
The given program defines a function called "xyz" which takes an integer pointer as its argument. However, there is an error in the syntax of the function definition, as the data type of the pointer parameter is not specified correctly. It should be "int *ptr" instead of "int ⋆ptr".
Inside the main function, an integer variable "y" is declared and initialized with the value 20. Then, the address of "y" is passed to the "xyz" function using the "&" (address-of) operator. However, since the "xyz" function does not perform any operations on the pointer or the value it points to, the value of "y" remains unaffected.
When the printf statement is executed, it prints the value of "y", which is still 20, because no changes were made to it during the program execution.
In summary, the output of the given program is 20, which is the initial value assigned to the variable "y" in the main function.
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Following methods can be used in an ADT List pseudo code, Write pseudo code for: 1- freq (x,L) method that returns frequency of x in list L. 2- swap(j,k) method that swaps elements at positions j \& k in list L. 3- Write pseudo code for deleteduplicates (L) method to delete duplicates in list L. Example: initial list L{{3,10,2,8,2,3,1,5,2,3,2,10,15} After deleting duplicates L:{3,10,2,8,1,5,15}//L with no duplicates
Pseudo code for the given methods used in ADT List: 1. freq(x,L) method that returns frequency of x in list L. 2. swap(j,k) method that swaps elements at positions j & k in list L. 3.
deleteduplicates(L) method to delete duplicates in list L.1. freq(x,L) method that returns frequency of x in list LExplanation: This method will take two arguments, x and L. x is the value to be counted and L is the list in which the occurrence of x is to be counted. The function should return the number of times that x occurs in L. For example, if L contains {1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 5} and x = 2, the function should return 3.Pseudo code: function freq(x,L) count = 0 for i = 1 to length(L) if L[i] == x count = count + 1 end if end for return count end function 2. swap(j,k) method that swaps elements at positions j & k in list L
This method takes three arguments, j, k, and L. j and k are the positions of the elements to be swapped, and L is the list in which the elements are to be swapped.Pseudo code: function swap(j,k,L) temp = L[j] L[j] = L[k] L[k] = temp end function 3. deleteduplicates(L) method to delete duplicates in list L This method takes one argument, L, which is the list to be de-duplicated. The function should return a new list that contains only the unique elements of L, in the order that they first appear in L.Pseudo code: function deleteduplicates(L) unique = [] for i = 1 to length(L) if L[i] not in unique unique = unique + [L[i]] end if end for return unique end functionThe above code is written in Python.
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Given the data file `monsters.csv`, write a function `search_monsters` that searches for monsters based on user input.
The function should search only the names of the monsters.
The function should take as input 9 parameters.
The first 7 parameter represents the properties of the monsters currently loaded into memory with the eighth being an `int` representing the number of monsters.
The last parameter is the search term (`char` array).
Place the definition of this function in `monster_utils.c` with the corresponding declaration in `monster_utils.h`.
Test your function by creating a file named `search_monster.c` with a `main` function.
In your function, open a file named `monsters.csv`.
You can assume that this file exists and is in your program directory.
If the file cannot be opened, warn the user and return 1 from `main`.
Read in and parse all monster data using `parse_monster`.
After the call to `parse_monster`, prompt the user to enter a search term.
Pass the search term and the appropriate data arrays to `search_monsters`.
Depending on the search term, multiple monsters could be displayed.
They should be displayed in the order they are found, starting from the beginning of the file.
The output should be in the exact format as show in the example run.
Add and commit the files to your local repository then push them to the remote repo.
To address the task, create the `search_monsters` function in `monster_utils.c` and its declaration in `monster_utils.h`. Test the function using `search_monster.c` with a `main` function, opening and parsing the `monsters.csv` data file.
To accomplish the given task, we need to create a function called `search_monsters` that searches for monsters based on user input. This function should take 9 parameters, with the first 7 representing the properties of the monsters loaded into memory, the eighth being an integer representing the number of monsters, and the last parameter being the search term (a character array).
First, we create the function in `monster_utils.c` and its declaration in `monster_utils.h` to make it accessible to other parts of the program. The `search_monsters` function will utilize the `monsters.csv` file, which contains the monster data. We will use the `parse_monster` function to read in and parse all the monster data from the file.
Once the data is loaded into memory, the user will be prompted to enter a search term. The `search_monsters` function will then search for the given term in the monster names and display any matching monsters in the order they appear in the file.
To test the function, we create a separate file named `search_monster.c` with a `main` function. This file will open the `monsters.csv` file and call the `parse_monster` and `search_monsters` functions as required.
After implementing and testing the solution, we add and commit all the files to the local repository and push them to the remote repository to complete the task.
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python language
You work at a cell phone store. The owner of the store wants you to write a program than allows the
owner to enter in data about the cell phone and then calculate the cost and print out a receipt. The code
must allow the input of the following:
1. The cell phone make and model
2. The cell phone cost
3. The cost of the cell phone warranty. Once these elements are entered, the code must do the following:
1. Calculate the sales tax – the sales tax is 6% of the combined cost of the phone and the warranty
2. Calculate the shipping cost – the shipping cost is 1.7% of the cost of the phone only
3. Calculate the total amount due – the total amount due is the combination of the phone cost, the
warranty cost, the sales tax and the shipping cost
4. Display the receipt:
a. Print out a title
b. Print out the make and model
c. Print out the cell phone cost
d. Print out the warranty cost
e. Print out the sales tax
f. Print out the shipping cost
g. Print out the total amount due
Python is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language that is widely used for developing web applications, data science, machine learning, and more.
Python is easy to learn and use, and it has a large and active community of developers who constantly contribute to its libraries and modulesWe then calculate the sales tax, shipping cost, and total amount due based on the input values. Finally, we print out the receipt, which includes the phone make and model, phone cost, warranty cost, sales tax, shipping cost, and total amount due. The program also formats the output to include the dollar sign before the monetary values.
Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is easy to learn and use. It has a wide range of applications, including web development, data science, machine learning, and more. Python is widely used in the industry due to its ease of use, readability, and robustness. Python's standard library is vast and includes modules for a variety of tasks, making it easy to write complex programs. Python's syntax is simple and easy to read, which makes it easy to maintain. Python is also an interpreted language, which means that code can be executed directly without the need for a compiler. Overall, Python is an excellent language for beginners and experienced developers alike.
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Please let me know what code to write in Mongo DB in the same situation as above
collection is air A5.a Find the two farthest cities that have a flight between? A5.b What is the distance between these cities? A5.c What is the average flight time between these cities? (use Actual Elapsed Time) A5.d Which airlines (use Carrier) fly between these cities?
The way to write the codes using Mongo DB has been written below
How to write the codesHere's an example of how you can write the queries to find the two farthest cities, calculate the distance, average flight time, and determine the airlines that fly between them:
A5.a) Find the two farthest cities that have a flight between:
db.air.aggregate([
{ $group: { _id: { origin: "$OriginCityName", des t: "$D estCityName" }, distance: { $max: "$Distance" } } },
{ $sort: { distance: -1 } },
{ $limit: 2 },
{ $project: { origin: "$_id.origin", des t: "$_id.d est", distance: 1, _id: 0 } }
])
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C++: you need to implement several member functions and operators:
Type converter from double to Complex, in which the double becomes the real part of the complex number and the imaginary part remains 0.
Addition of two complex numbers using operator+
Subtraction of two complex numbers using operator-
Unary negation of a complex number using operator-.
Multiplication of two complex numbers using operator*
Division of two complex numbers using operator/
Find the conjugate of a complex number by overloading unary operator~. Begin with the Complex number from class and extend it to support these operators. Here are the prototypes you should use for these member functions:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
template
typename std::enable_if::is_integer, bool>::type
almost_equal(T x, T y, int ulp)
{// the machine epsilon has to be scaled to the magnitude of the values used
// and multiplied by the desired precision in ULPs (units in the last place)
return std::fabs(x-y) <= std::numeric_limits::epsilon() * std::fabs(x+y) * ulp
// unless the result is subnormal
|| std::fabs(x-y) < std::numeric_limits::min();
}
using namespace std;
class Complex {
private:
double real;
double imag;
public:
Complex():real(0), imag(0) {}
Complex(double re, double im)
{
real = re; imag = im;
}Complex operator+(const Complex &rhs) const
{
Complex c;
// To do
return c;
}
Complex operator-(const Complex &rhs) const
{
Complex c;
// To do
return c;
}
Complex operator*(const Complex &rhs) const
{
Complex c;
// To do
return c;
}Complex operator/(const Complex &rhs) const; // implement divide
Complex operator-() const // negation
{
Complex c;
// To do
return c;
}
Complex operator~() const // conjugation
{
Complex c;
// to do
return c;
}
// DO NOT MODIFY BELOW THIS
bool operator==(const Complex &other) const {
return almost_equal(real,other.real,2) && almost_equal(imag,other.imag,2);
}bool operator!=(const Complex &other) const {
return !operator==(other);
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,const Complex &c);
};
ostream& operator<< (ostream& out, const Complex &c)
{
if (c.imag < 0)
out << "(" << c.real << " - " << -c.imag << "j)" ;
else
out << "(" << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "j)" ;
return out;
}
int main()
{
Complex z;
Complex j(0,1);
Complex x(5,0); std::cout << "j = " << j << std::endl;
std::cout << "x = " << x << std::endl;
Complex y(1,1);
Complex c;
c = y + j*10 ; // assign y to c
std::cout << "c = " << c << std::endl;
return 0;
}
To implement the required member functions and operators in C++, follow the given code template. Fill in the necessary logic for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, negation, and conjugation operations on complex numbers. Make use of the provided class and function prototypes, and adhere to the code structure and logic specified.
To implement the required member functions and operators for complex numbers in C++, follow these steps:
1. Begin by defining the `Complex` class with private data members `real` and `imag` representing the real and imaginary parts of a complex number, respectively. Implement a default constructor and a parameterized constructor to initialize the complex number.
2. Overload the `+` operator to perform addition of two complex numbers. Create a new `Complex` object, and calculate the sum of the real and imaginary parts of the two complex numbers.
3. Overload the `-` operator to perform subtraction of two complex numbers. Create a new `Complex` object, and calculate the difference between the real and imaginary parts of the two complex numbers.
4. Overload the `*` operator to perform multiplication of two complex numbers. Create a new `Complex` object, and calculate the product of the two complex numbers using the formula for complex multiplication.
5. Overload the `/` operator to perform division of two complex numbers. Create a new `Complex` object, and calculate the quotient of the two complex numbers using the formula for complex division.
6. Overload the `-` operator (unary) to perform negation of a complex number. Create a new `Complex` object, and negate the real and imaginary parts of the complex number.
7. Overload the `~` operator (unary) to find the conjugate of a complex number. Create a new `Complex` object, and keep the real part the same while negating the imaginary part.
8. Implement the `operator==` and `operator!=` functions to check for equality and inequality between two complex numbers, respectively. Use the `almost_equal` function provided to compare floating-point numbers.
9. Define the `operator<<` function to enable the printing of complex numbers in a desired format.
10. In the `main` function, create instances of the `Complex` class and perform operations to test the implemented functionality.
By following these steps and completing the code template, you will successfully implement the required member functions and operators for complex numbers in C++.
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Define a function cmpLen() that follows the required prototype for comparison functions for qsort(). It should support ordering strings in ascending order of string length. The parameters will be pointers into the array of string, so you need to cast the parameters to pointers to string, then dereference the pointers using the unary * operator to get the string. Use the size() method of the string type to help you compare length. In main(), sort your array by calling qsort() and passing cmpLen as the comparison function. You will need to use #include to use "qsort"
selSort() will take an array of pointer-to-string and the size of the array as parameters. This function will sort the array of pointers without modifying the array of strings. In main(), call your selection sort function on the array of pointers and then show that it worked by printing out the strings as shown in the sample output. To show that you are not touching the original array of strings, put this sorting code and output after the call to qsort(), but before displaying the array of strings so you get output like the sample.
This should be the sample output:
Alphabetically:
Bob
Jenny
Vi
Will
By length:
Vi
Bob
Will
Jenny
Define `cmpLen()` as a comparison function for `qsort()` to sort an array of strings by ascending length; in `main()`, call `qsort()` with `cmpLen`, and demonstrate the sorted arrays.
How can you convert a string to an integer in Java?The task requires defining a function named `cmpLen()` that serves as a comparison function for the `qsort()` function.
The purpose of `cmpLen()` is to sort an array of strings in ascending order based on their length.
The function takes pointers to strings as parameters, casts them to the appropriate type, and uses the `size()` method of the string type to compare their lengths.
In the `main()` function, the array of strings is sorted using `qsort()` by passing `cmpLen` as the comparison function.
Additionally, the `selSort()` function is mentioned, which is expected to sort an array of pointer-to-string without modifying the original array of strings.
The output should demonstrate the sorted arrays based on alphabetical order and string length.
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How many key comparisons does insertion sort make to sort a list of 20 items if the list is given in reverse order?
Insertion sort compares each element with the elements before it and shifts them until the correct position is found. For a list of 20 items given in reverse order, insertion sort will make a total of 190 key comparisons.
In insertion sort, each element is compared with the elements before it until the correct position is found. For the first element, there are no comparisons. For the second element, there is 1 comparison. For the third element, there are 2 comparisons, and so on. In general, for the i-th element, there will be (i-1) comparisons. So, for a list of 20 items, the total number of comparisons is 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 19 = 190.
Therefore, the answer is 190 key comparisons will be made by insertion sort .
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is being considered, as many coins of this type as possible will be given. write an algorithm based on this strategy.
To maximize the number of coins, the algorithm should prioritize selecting coins with the lowest value first, gradually moving to higher-value coins until the desired total is reached.
To develop an algorithm that maximizes the number of coins given a certain value, we can follow a straightforward strategy. First, we sort the available coins in ascending order based on their values. This allows us to prioritize the coins with the lowest value, ensuring that we use as many of them as possible.
Next, we initialize a counter variable to keep track of the total number of coins used. We start with an empty set of selected coins. Then, we iterate over the sorted coin list from lowest to highest value.
During each iteration, we check if adding the current coin to the selected set exceeds the desired total. If it does, we move on to the next coin. Otherwise, we add the coin to the selected set and update the total count.
By following this approach, we ensure that the algorithm selects the maximum number of coins while still adhering to the desired total. Since the coins are sorted in ascending order, we prioritize the lower-value coins and utilize them optimally before moving on to the higher-value ones.
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