Reagents are primary standards that can be used in chemical processes. These substances are frequently employed to figure out the concentration of a solution that can interact chemically with the primary standard but whose concentration is unknown. The term "secondary standard solution" refers to a solution developed expressly for a given analysis.
What is Primary and secondary standard solution?A reagent with a high degree of purity is called a primary standard solution. It has a highly accurate concentration that mirrors the solute's molar concentration. Because of its purity, it may be used to accurately determine the mass to volume ratio.
The term "secondary standard solution" refers to a solution developed expressly for a given analysis. A secondary standard is a substance whose active agent content was discovered by comparison with a primary standard. This means that it is frequently bench marked against a major standard.
A primary standard solution is one that has a high purity and is less reactive. Secondary standards are not as pure as primary standards and are more chemically reactive.A primary standard solution is sterile. A secondary standard solution isn't very pure.A major standard solution, on the other hand, is not as reactive. A secondary standard solution is more reactive in comparison.A hygroscopic primary standard solution does not exist. A secondary standard solution is hygroscopic in various ways.A solution of primary standards used to standardize secondary standards and other reagents. For particular analytical chemistry studies, a secondary standard solution is utilized.To know more about concentration refer to:
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How many moles of CaCl₂ would there be in 42 mL of 2.09 M aqueous CaCl₂ solution?
3 significant figures
Answer:
0.0878 moles CaCl₂
Explanation:
To find the amount of moles of CaCl₂, you need to
(1) convert the volume from mL to L (1,000 mL = 1 L)
(2) calculate the amount of moles (M = moles / L)
It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units.
(Step 1)
42 mL CaCl₂ 1 L
------------------------ x ---------------------- = 0.042 L CaCl₂
1,000 mL
(Step 2)
Molarity (M) = moles / volume (L) <----- Molarity ratio
2.09 M = moles / 0.042 L <----- Insert values
0.0878 = moles <----- Multiply both sides by 0.042 L
____O2 → ____O3
Type of reaction: ____
When [tex]O_2[/tex] is converted to [tex]O_3[/tex], the kind of reaction that takes place is oxidation.
What is oxidation?Oxidation is a type of reaction that can be defined in several ways. These include:
Addition of oxygenRemoval of hydrogenIncrease in oxidation numberAddition of electronegative elementsRemoval of electropositive elementsOxidation is the reverse of reduction, which can be defined as:
removal of oxygenaddition of hydrogendecrease in oxidation numberaddition of electropositive elementsremoval of electronegative elementsThe conversion of [tex]O_2[/tex] to [tex]O_3[/tex] requires the addition of oxygen. Thus, it is an oxidation reaction.
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A binary ionic compound contains
just one element
just two elements
three or more elements
Calculate the relative molecular mass of aspartame.
The chemical formula of aspartame is C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₅ and it's relative molecular mass is 294.30 g/mol which is calculated as (12×14)+(1×18)+(14×2)+(16×5).
What is molecular mass?Molecular mass of a compound or a molecule is defined as the mass of the elements which are present in it.The molecular mass is considered to be a bulk quantity not a molecular quantity. It is often an average of the of the masses at many instances.
The molar mass and formula mass are used as synonym for the molecular mass.It does not depend on the amount of substance which is present in the sample.It has units of gram/mole.
Molecular masses of an element are given as relative atomic masses while that of compounds is the sum of relative atomic masses which are present in the compound.In case of aspartame it is calculated as,(12×14)+(1×18)+(14×2)+(16×5)=294.30 g/mol.
Thus , relative molecular mass or molecular mass of aspartame is 294.30 g/mol.
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Write the acid-base reaction that occurs between HF and water . Identify the acid , base , conjugate acid, and conjugate base
The conjugate acid-base pairs are ( HF, F⁻) and ( H₂O, H₃O⁺ )
What is conjugate acid base pair?A conjugate acid-base pair, as defined by Bronsted-Lowry, consists of two compounds that are distinct only in that they contain a proton (H⁺). The addition of a proton to a base results in the formation of a conjugate acid, while the removal of a proton from an acid result in the formation of a conjugate base.
The reaction becomes:
HF + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + F⁻
The conjugate acid-base pairs are ( HF, F⁻) and ( H₂O, H₃O⁺ )
Here,
F⁻ to HF is conjugate acid.H₃O⁺ to H₂O is conjugate base.HF to F⁻ is conjugate base.H₂O to H₃O⁺ is conjugate acid.To know more about conjugate acid-base refer to:
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Select all of the following that are combustion reactions.
Answer:
Explanation:
1,2,4,
The equations that show combustion are equations A, B and D.
What is combustion?When we talk about combustion, the idea is that the substance would be burnt in oxygen. In other words, the combustion can be taken to be an oxidation reaction. It is an oxidation reaction in the sense that the oxidation number of the substance that is reacting with the oxygen would become increased.
When we look at the equations that we have, it is quite easy to pick out among the balanced reaction equations that are shown here the ones that has to do with the burning of the substance in oxygen and a consequent rise in the oxidation number.
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What volume of 12 gas forms when 21 L Cl2 react at STP?
The volume of I₂ gas formed when 21 L of Cl₂ gas reacts at STP is 21 L
How do I determine the volume of I₂ gas formed?We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is shown below:
2KI(aq) + Cl₂(g) -> 2KCl(aq) + I₂ (g)
From the balanced equation above,
1 L of Cl₂ reacted to produce 1 L of I₂
With the above information, we can obtain the volume of I₂ formed when 21 L of Cl₂ react at STP as follow: :
From the balanced equation above,
1 L of Cl₂ reacted to produce 1 L of I₂
Therefore
21 L of Cl₂ will also react to produce 21 L of I₂
Thus, the volume of I₂ formed is 21 L
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Nitrogen (N2) gas and hydrogen (H2) gas react to form ammonia (NH3) gas. Suppose you have 11 mol of N2 and 9 mol of H2 in a reactor.
Calculate the largest amount of NH3 that could be produced. Round your answer to the nearest 0.1 mol.
In the given reaction, the limiting reactant is hydrogen gas. 3 moles of hydrogen gas produces 2 moles of ammonia, thus 9 moles will produce 6 moles of ammonia that is equal to 102 g.
What is ammonia?Ammonia is an inorganic gas formed by the combination of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is written below:
[tex]\rm N _{2} + 3 H_{2} \rightarrow 2 NH_{3}[/tex]
As per the given reaction, hydrogen gas is needed more in this reaction, and it is the limiting reactant which determines the product yield. Here, 3 moles of hydrogen gas produces 2 moles of ammonia. Thus, 9 moles of hydrogen gas produces:
(9 × 2) / 3 = 6 moles.
Molar mass of ammonia = 17 g/mol
Thus mass of 6 moles = 17 g/mol × 6 moles = 102 g.
Therefore, the largest amount of ammonia that can be produced from 9 moles of hydrogen gas is 102 g.
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3. When a substance is dissolved in water,___.
it lowers the boiling point.
the is prevented from boiling.
it raises the boiling point.
it raises the freezing point.
Answer:
it raises the boiling point.
Explanation:
BONUS:When a substance is dissolved in water,the boiling point will INCREASEand the freezing point will DECREASE.When magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid the following result occurs.
A. A solid is formed.
B. There is a color change.
temperature change
C. There is a
D. Energy is taken in.
i need asap ill give big points
How does energy transfer cause water levels to drop in Lake Mead?
Answer:
Pipes direct water from Lake Mead down to the bottom of the dam. The water picks up speed as it falls; gravitational energy turns the turbines.
Explanation:
Answer
6. a. You perform a titration using phenolphthalein indicator to determine the concentration of an
unknown acid (HA)(aq). When titrating with 0.5 M NaOH, you find the endpoint of a 10 mL sample
of HA (aq) after 7.6 mL of NaOH is dispensed from the buret. What is the concentration of HA(aq)? (6
pt)
HA + OH A + H₂O
Answer:
Moles of NaOH = 0.5 M x 0.0076 L = 0.0038 mol
Moles of HA = 0.0038 mol
Concentration of HA = 0.0038 mol/0.01 L = 0.38 M
Describe the gan Sabana ecosystem
Answer: The African savanna ecosystem is a tropical grassland with warm temperatures year-round and seasonal rainfall. The savanna is characterized by grasses and small or dispersed trees, along with a diverse community of organisms that interact to form a complex food web.
what is meiosis cell divison?
Answer:a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes
Explanation:
Answer:
Its a type of cell division that reduces chromosomes.
Explanation:
I believe not 100% sure tho.
Fermentation is the name of a chemical change that_________.
A. Converts sugars into acids, gases or alcohol.
B. Turns leaves various colors in the Autumn.
C. Converts yeast to a gas.
Answer:
A. Converts sugars into acids, gases or alcohol.
Does the color of a potion matter
answer: what
explanation: what
What mass of H2 forms when
35.25 g Al reacts with excess
hydrochloric acid?
The mass of [tex]H_2[/tex] that will be formed when 35.25 g Al reacts with excess hydrochloric acid would be 3.93 g.
Stoichiometric problemThe equation of the reaction of aluminum metal with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas is represented below:
[tex]2Al + 6HCl -- > 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2[/tex]
From the equation, one would see that the mole ratio of aluminum to the hydrogen gas produced is 2:3.
Now, with 35.25 g of aluminum, recall that: mole = mass/molar mass.
The molar weight of aluminum is 27 g/mol.
Thus:
Mole of 35.25 g Al = 35.25/27
= 1.31 mol
From the mole ratio, the mole of hydrogen that will be produced would be:
3/2 x 1.31 =1.97 mol
The molar mass of [tex]H_2[/tex] is 2 g/mol, the mass of 1.97 mol hydrogen gas can be calculated as:
Mass = mole x molar mass
= 1.97 x 2
= 3.93 grams
In other words, the amount of [tex]H_2[/tex] that would be formed when 35.25 g All reacts with excess hydrochloric acid would be 3.93 g.
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What causes a substance to undergo a phase change?
Answer: Substances can change phase — often because of a temperature change. At low temperatures, most substances are solid; as the temperature increases, they become liquid; at higher temperatures still, they become gaseous.
Explanation:
The large number before a molecule is called what
Answer: A coefficient
Explanation:
Example of a coefficient - 2H₂O
The 2 is the coefficient
Make the correct match.
1. Supports multiple coding of raw data
AU
2. Standard audio format supported by Windows PCs
AIFF
3. Standard audio format used by Sun, Unix, and Java
MP3
4. Most popular format when downloading music
WAV
5. Real audio
AVI
6. Standard audio file for Macs
RA
AVI: Supports various raw data coding. Microsoft Inc. created the audio visual interleave protocol, or AVI.
What is coding?Coding is defined as the practice of using computer programming languages to provide instructions to machines and computers. Computers can obey a set of instructions created through coding.
WAV: A common audio format that Windows PCs can play. It stands for Waveform Audio File Format, which was created by IBM and Microsoft Inc.
Sun, Unix, and Java all employ the standard audio format known as AU.
The most common format for music downloads is MP3.
Real audio, or RA.
AIFF: a common audio file format for Macs.
Thus, AVI: Supports various raw data coding. Microsoft Inc. created the audio visual interleave protocol, or AVI.
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The reaction between water and ammonium nitrate results in_____.
A. Light is emitted.
B. A precipitate (solid) is formed.
C. A temperature increase.
D. A temperature decrease.
The reaction between water and ammonium nitrate results in increase in a temperature.
Hence, Option C is the correct answer.
When ammonium nitrate is dipped in a beaker which contains the water, the beaker becomes cold because it is an endothermic reaction. The endothermic reaction is a reaction that it absorbs energy from the outside in the form of heat.
Thus we can say that hydrating ammonium nitrate is an endothermic reaction, because of that the beaker becomes cold.
We feels cold when ammonium nitrate is mixed in water that shows an endothermic reaction. In an endothermic reaction, the ammonium nitrate mixed in water, a chemical reaction occurs which absorbs heat rather than releases it.
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iii. Balance the equations for atoms O and H using H₂0 and H*. (.5 point)
the coefficient in front of H2O and so that you have an even number of oxygen
to balance H2O = H2 + O2 you will need to be sure to count all of H and O atoms on each side of the chemical
A gas at 91 c occupies a volume of 0.67 L at what Celsius temperature will the volume increase to 1.37 L
The temperature of the gas when the volume increase from 0.67 L to 1.37 L is 471.29 °C.
What is temperature?Temperature is the hotness or coldness of a thing or place.
To calculate the temperature in Celsius when the volume increase, we use the formula below.
Formula:
T' = V'T/V......... Equation 1Where:
T' = Final TemperatureT = Initial TemperatureV' = Final volumeV = Initial volumeFrom the questuion,
Given:
V = 0.67 LV' = 1.37 LT = 91 °C = (273+91) K = 364 KSubstitute these values into equation 1
T' = (1.37×364)/0.67T' = 744.29 KT' = (744.29-273) °C = 471.29 °CHence, the final temperature of the gas is 471.29 °C.
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carbon disulfide burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the fallowing chemical equation Cs2+3O2=CO2+2SO2
A. The limiting reactant would be oxygen.
B. The mole of excess reactant ([tex]CS_2[/tex]) would be 0.67 mol.
C. 0.33 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 0.67 mol [tex]SO_3[/tex] would be formed.
Stoichiometric problemCarbon disulfide burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the balanced equation below:
[tex]CS_2(l) + 3O_2(g) -- > CO_2(g) + 2SO_2(g)[/tex]
The mole ratio of the carbon disulfide and the oxygen gas is 1:3. In other words, every mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] requires 3 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] for complete combustion.
A. From the established mole ratio, if 1.00 mol of [tex]CS_2[/tex] reacts with 1.00 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex], the limiting reactant would be [tex]O_2[/tex] because 3 moles of it are required for every mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex].
B. The excess reactant is, thus, [tex]CS_2[/tex]. 1.00 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] would require:
3 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 mol [tex]CS_2[/tex]
1 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 x 1/3
= 0.33 mol of [tex]CS_2[/tex]
But 1 mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] reacted. The excess mole of [tex]CS_2[/tex] would be: 1 - 0.33 = 0.67 mol.
C. From the equation of the reaction, 3 mole of oxygen produces 1 mole of [tex]CO_2[/tex]. Thus, 1 mole of oxygen would produce:
3 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex]
1 mol [tex]O_2[/tex] = 1 x 1/3
= 0.33 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex]
Also, 3 mol oxygen produces 2 moles [tex]SO_2[/tex]. Then 1 mol oxygen will produce:
2 x 1/3 = 0.67 mol
Thus, 0.33 mol [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 0.67 mol [tex]SO_3[/tex] will be formed from 1 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex].
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Carbon disulfide burns in oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide according to the following chemical equation. CS2(l) + 3O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g)
a. If 1.00 mol CS2 reacts with 1.00 mol O2, identify the limiting reactant.
b. How many moles of excess reactant remain?
c. How many moles of each product are formed?
he body from the simplest level to the most complex level?
A.
tissue --> cell --> organ system --> organ --> organism
B.
organism --> organ system --> organ --> tissue --> cell
C.
cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
D.
organ --> tissue --> cell --> organ system --> organism
Answer:
C. cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
Explanation:
Cells are the building blocks of life (Ex: skin cells)
A group of cells for a tissue (Ex: epithelial tissue)
Tissues working together form an organ (Ex: the stomach)
Organs working together create organ systems (Ex: the digestive system)
Organ systems create organisms (Ex: a human)
The _______ atom in a water molecule points toward the sodium ion because its partial _______ charge is attracted to the sodium ion's ______ charge. This is called _______.
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
Oxygen negative positive hydration
The oxygen atom in a water molecule points toward the sodium ion because its partial negative charge is attracted to the sodium ion's positive charge. This is called hydration.
In a water molecule, the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, causing it to pull the shared electrons in the covalent bonds closer to itself. As a result, the oxygen atom gains a partial negative charge (δ-) due to the presence of these electron-rich lone pairs.
On the other hand, when sodium chloride (NaCl) or any other ionic compound dissolves in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions (Na⁺ and Cl⁻). The positively charged sodium ion (Na⁺) attracts the partial negative charge on the oxygen atom of the neighboring water molecules.
This electrostatic attraction between the partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and the positive charge on the sodium ion is called an ion-dipole interaction. It is one of the primary forces that drive the dissolution of ionic compounds in polar solvents like water.
When many water molecules surround the sodium ion, with their oxygen atoms pointing toward it and forming ion-dipole interactions, the process is called solvation or hydration. The water molecules effectively surround the sodium ion, separating it from the rest of the sodium chloride crystal and keeping it in solution. This is a crucial process in dissolving ionic compounds in water and making them available for various chemical reactions and biological processes.
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Carbon atoms always need four bonds to attain stability. Draw in the hydrogen atoms at the appropriate spots in the Lewis structure of the hydrocarbon chain to get a stable molecule.
As carbon always need four bound to stain stability which means it need eight electron in its valance cell.
Describe the Lewis Structure.The valence shell electrons is defined as the electrons in which a molecule are depicted in an extremely easy manner by a Lewis Structure. It is used to signify how the electrons in a molecule are positioned near the particular atoms. Electrons are denoted as "dots" or, in the case of a bond, as a line connecting with the two atoms.
Describe stability.If an atom, molecule, or ion has the average amount of bonds for that species, it has a formal charge of zero. The more stable Lewis structure is the one that has the highest charges on the atoms closest to zero. The aforementioned SO Lewis structure is as follows.
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2. When a solute is present in water,___.
the water will NOT boil.
the water boils at a lower temperature.
the water will NOT freeze.
the water freezes at a lower temperature.
Answer:
the water freezes at a lower temperature.
A sample of ideal gas at room temperature occupies a volume of 29.0 L at a pressure of 342 torr . If the pressure changes to 1710 torr , with no change in the temperature or moles of gas, what is the new volume, V2 ? Express your answer with the appropriate units.
Ideal gas law is valid only for ideal gas not for vanderwaal gas. To solve such, we need to know the relation between rate of effusion and molar mass of gases. Therefore, the new volume V₂ is 18L.
What is ideal gas equation?Ideal gas equation is the mathematical expression that relates pressure volume and temperature. an ideal gas on the walls of the container is inversely proportional to the volume occupied that gas.
Mathematically, Boyle's law can be written as
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
P₁=initial pressure=342 torr
P₂=final pressure=1710 torr
V₁ = initial volume= 29.0 L
V₂=final pressure=?
Substituting all the given values in the above equation, we get
V₂ = P₁V₁/P₂
V₂ = (342 × 29.0)/1710
V₂ = 18L
Therefore, the new volume V₂ is 18L.
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250 ml of a salt solution with a concentration of 15 g/l is mixer with 220 mL of salt solution containing 6% salt (m/v). What is the final concentration of salt in the solution in g/l
The final mass concentration of salt in the solution in g/l is 36.06 g/L.
What is the concentration of the mixture of the two salt solutions?The mass concentration of the mixture of the two salt solutions is calculated as follows:
Concentration of solution 1 = 15 g/l
mass of salt in the 250 mL solution = 15 g/l * 250 mL * 1 L/1000 mL
mass of salt in the 250 mL solution = 3.75 g
Concentration of solution = 6% (m/v)
This means that in 100 mL solution, 6 g of salt in present.
In 1000 mL or 1 L solution, 60 g of salt will be present.
Hence, the concentration of solution = 60 g/L
mass of salt in the 220 mL solution = 60 g/l * 220 mL * 1 L/1000 mL
mass of salt in the 220 mL solution = 13.2 g
Total mass of salt in the mixture = 16.95 g
Total volume of solution = 470 mL
mass concentration = mass / volume in LFinal mass concentration of solution = 16.95 g / 470 mL * 1000 mL/L
Final mass concentration of solution = 36.06 g/L
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