CHAPTER
CHAPTER ASSESSMENT
Understanding Main Ideas (Part A)
In the space at the left, write true if the statement is true; if the statement is false,
change the italicized term to make it true.
1. The overall charge of a formula unit for a compound is never zero.
2. In a crystal lattice, each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions.
3. Delocalized valence electrons are typical of ionic compounds.
4. A sulfate ion contains fewer oxygen atoms than a sulfite ion does.
true
5. Metals tend to be malleable and ductile and to have relatively high
melting points.
6. The more negative the lattice energy is, the stronger is the force of
attraction between the ions of an ionic compound.
7. In naming ionic compounds, the cation is named first.
8. When a metal reacts with a nonmetal, the metal tends to gain electrons.
9. In naming a monatomic anion, the suffix -ide is used.
10. The prefix per- is used in naming the anion with the most oxygen atoms.

Explanation:

Due to the positive value of the change in temperature, this is an endothermic reaction.

Since the forward reaction is endothermic, increasing the temperature increases the equilibrium constant (k).

In an equilibrium system, the position of the equilibrium will move in a way to annul the change made to the system. An increase in temperature for an endothermic reaction would favour the reaction, leading to increase in amount of products and decrease in amount of reactants.

Answer:

For producing 0.55 mole of acetic acid, 0.55 mole of ethanol is required.

Explanation:

The balanced equation for this reaction is

CH3CH2OH + O2 --> CH3COOH + H2O

As we can see in this equation, the ration of number of moles of acetic acid to the number of moles of ethanal is equal to [tex]1 : 1[/tex]

Hence, in order to produce one mole of acetic acid, 1 mole of ethanol is required.

Thus, for producing 0.55 mole of acetic acid, 0.55 mole of ethanol is required.  

Answer: [tex]F(g)+e^-\rightarrow F^-(g)[/tex]

Explanation:

Electron gain enthalpy is defined as energy released on addition of electron to an isolated gaseous atom.  

The amount of energy released will be maximum when the tendency to attract electrons is maximum. As flourine has atomic number of 9 and has electronic configuration of 2,7. It can readily gain 1 electron to attain stable noble gas configuration and hence liberates maximum energy.

[tex]F(g)+e^-\rightarrow F^-(g)[/tex]

The products in the reaction HCI + NaOH → NaCl + H20, are C. NaCl and H20.

The reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a neutralization reaction, which means that it produces a salt and water. In this case, the salt is sodium chloride (NaCl) and the water is H2O.

The other options are not correct because they do not include all of the products of the reaction. Option (A) includes HCl and NaOH, but it does not include H2O. Option (B) only includes HCl and NaOH. Option (D) only includes NaOH and H2O.

In conclusion, option C is correct.

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Answer:

A2B

Explanation:

A = 3

B = 6

exchange valencies

A6B3

A2B

Answer: a) Temperature of [tex]170^0C[/tex]

b) [tex]C_2H_5OH\stackrel{conc H_2SO_4, 170^0C}\rightarrow C_2H_4+H_2O[/tex]

c) dehydrating agent

Explanation:

Ethanol is heated with an excess of concentrated sulfuric acid at a temperature of 170°C to produce ethene.

The balanced chemical reaction is:

[tex]C_2H_5OH\stackrel{conc H_2SO_4, 170^0C}\rightarrow C_2H_4+H_2O[/tex]

Here concentrated sulfuric acid removes a water molecule from ethanol and thus acts as a dehydrating agent.

Answer:

1. 35g NaCl.

2. 234g sugar.

3. 0.506L of concentrated nitric acid are needed.

4. 1.67L of 9.0M copper (II) sulfate are needed

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as the ratio between moles of solute and the volume of the solution.

1. 1.00L * (0.60mol / L) = 0.60 moles NaCl are dissolved

To convert moles to mass we must use its molar mass:

0.60mol NaCl * (58.44g/mol) =

35g NaCl

2. 2L * (0.342mol / L) = 0.684 moles Sugar = moles sucrose

0.684 mol * (342.30g / mol) = 234g sugar

3. 4L of a 2.0M are:

4L * (2.0mol/L) = 8moles

8mol * (1L / 15.8mol) = 0.506L of concentrated nitric acid are needed

4. 3.0L  * (5.0 mol / L) = 15.0 moles copper (II) sulfate.

15.0mol * (1L / 9.0mol) = 1.67L of 9.0M copper (II) sulfate are needed

Answer:

Sunlight penetrates the top layers of the ocean, so photosynthesis occurs there. ... Upwelling brings nutrients to the surface.

Answer:

I hope I can help

Explanation:

I hope I can help you

Answer:

it is D

Explanation:

because it is a substance that participants in a chemical reaction.

Answer: Potassium Chloride

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

1 mol of any chemical is 6.02 * 10^23

x mol of any chemical is 6.31 * 10^24

You should look at this before you put it in  your calculator. You should think roughly 10.

Now you can set it up as a proportion

1/x = 6.02 * 10^23/6.31 * 10^24        Cross multiply

6.02 * 10^23 x = 1 * 6.31 * 10^24      Divide by 6.02 * 10^23

x = 6.31 * 10^24 / 6.02 * 10^23

x = 10.48 mols.

Answer:

No you can not divide a primary substance into a seperat one because ot wpuld be like divideing the universe

Answer:

*it can cause the atom to become and ion

Answer:

No. Because a pure substance, no matter if an element, compound, it can only contain one kind of particle .

Explanation:

Answer:

86

Explanation:

20 plus 9 equals 29 minus 10 equals 19 plus 67 equals 86

Answer:

86

Explanation:

20+9=29

29-10=19

19+67=86

Answer:0.178 moles

Explanation: carbon trihydride seems to be an unusual name for the methyl group CH3–

ionic wt 15

moles = 2.67/15 = 0.178

Answer:

Its called contraction.

Explanation:

Answer:

24

Explanation:

In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons. For example, carbon atoms include six protons and six electrons, so carbon's atomic number is 6.

Similarly, since an atom of chromium contains 24 protons, it also contains the same amount of electrons, which is 24.

Answer:

24 is your answer

Explanation:

Answer: It is molecular

Explanation: The reason it is molecular is because it has no ions in the formula it only has the molecular mass which is the reason why it is in fact molecular

Answer:

14.85L of water are produced

Explanation:

Based on Avigadro's law, the volume is directly proportional to the moles of a gas.

Based on the equation:

2C₂H₆(g) + 7O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(g)

2 moles of ethane produce 6 moles of H₂O.

Using Avogadro's law: 2L of ethane produce 6L of H₂O.

The addition of 4.95L of ethane are:

4.95L ethane * (6L H₂O / 2L C₂H₆) =

Given :

Number of He atoms, [tex]n = 3.4\times 10^{24}[/tex] atoms.

To Find :

How many grams are their in given number of He atoms.

Solution :

We know, molecular mass of He is 4 g. It means that their are [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms in 4 g of He.

Let, number of gram He in [tex]3.4\times 10^{24}[/tex] atoms is x , so :

[tex]x = \dfrac{3.4\times 10^{24}}{6.022\times 10^{23}}\times 4\\\\x = $$22.58\ g[/tex]

Therefore, grams of He atoms is 22.58 g .

Answer:

Explanation:

mixture of iron filings, sand, and sugar

First Step - Iron Fillings

Use a magnet to separate the iron fillings from the mixture. Due to magnetic properties of the iron fillings, the magnets would attract the iron fillings and separate it from the mixture.

Second step - Sand

Place the sand and sugar mixture in water. The sugar would dissolve in water and the sand easily separated by filtration.

Third step - Sugar and Sugar water

Boil the sugar water to remove the water and place in the refrigerator for crystallization of the sugar.

Answer:

3 pounds 13 ounces

Explanation:

Math

Answer:

3.75

Explanation:

Answer:

Polymerisation is the chemical process of monomers joining together to form polymers, often it takes many thousands of monomers to make a single polymer.

Explanation:

Answer: Decreases across the period and increases down the group