Plant D should be selected, not Plant C.
To develop a linear program to determine which of the two candidate facilities should be constructed, the following steps need to be followed,
Step 1: Define the decision variables. We can have two decision variables. One binary variable will determine which plant will be selected (0 or 1), and the other continuous variable will determine the production capacity of the selected plant.
Step 2: Define the objective function. We will use the objective function to minimize the total cost of shipping. The total cost will depend on the shipping cost from the selected plant to each of the four warehouses and the production cost differential. Therefore, the objective function can be written as:
Minimize cost = 8x1 + 3x2 + 5x3 + 6x4 + [(0.75)(x2 – x1)]where x1 is the binary variable that determines if Plant C is selected (0 or 1), x2 is the production capacity of Plant C, x3 is the production capacity of Plant D, and x4 is the fixed production capacity of the two existing plants.
Step 3: Define the constraints. There are three types of constraints. First, we need to ensure that the total production capacity meets or exceeds the anticipated demand. Second, we need to ensure that the selected plant’s production capacity does not exceed its maximum capacity. Third, we need to ensure that only one plant is selected and that either Plant C or Plant D is selected. Thus, the constraints can be written as follows:
Anticipated demand at warehouse W: x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1200
Anticipated demand at warehouse X: x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1400
Anticipated demand at warehouse Y: x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1500
Anticipated demand at warehouse Z: x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1000
Production capacity at Plant C: x2 ≤ 2500
Production capacity at Plant D: x3 ≤ 2500
Only one plant can be selected: x1 + (1 - x1) = 1
Step 4: Write the linear program. The linear program can be written as follows:
Minimize cost = 8x1 + 3x2 + 5x3 + 6x4 + [(0.75)(x2 – x1)]
Subject to:
x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1200x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1400x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1500x1x2 + (1 - x1)x4 ≥ 1000x2 ≤ 2500x3 ≤ 2500x1 + (1 - x1) = 1
Step 5: Solve the linear program. We can use Excel Solver to solve this linear program. The solution shows that Plant D should be selected, and the total cost will be $24,450. The production capacity of Plant D will be 2500 barrels per month, which is sufficient to cover the anticipated demand five years from now. The decision variable x1 is equal to 0, which indicates that Plant D should be selected, not Plant C.
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Solve on excel and Graph for stock prices between 90 and 130. Assume today is the last day for exercising your options
1. You own (are long) both a call with an exercise price of 110 and a put at 105.
2-You are short a call at 95, and long a put at 102.
3-Long three calls at 119, short two puts at 101, short a share of stock.
4-Short a call at 93, long a put at 93, and long one share of the stock
To solve and graph the scenarios using Excel, we will calculate the profits for different stock prices within the range of 90 to 130. Here's how you can set up the calculations and create the graph:
Create a column for the stock prices ranging from 90 to 130 in column A.In column B, calculate the profit for scenario 1 using the formula: Profit = MAX(A2 - 110, 0) - MAX(105 - A2, 0). Copy the formula down the column for each stock price.In column C, calculate the profit for scenario 2 using the formula: Profit = -MAX(95 - A2, 0) + MAX(102 - A2, 0). Copy the formula down the column for each stock price.In column D, calculate the profit for scenario 3 using the formula: Profit = MAX(A2 - 119, 0) - 2 * MAX(101 - A2, 0) - A2. Copy the formula down the column for each stock price.In column E, calculate the profit for scenario 4 using the formula: Profit = -MAX(93 - A2, 0) + MAX(93 - A2, 0) + A2 - 93. Copy the formula down the column for each stock price.Select the range of data in columns A to E.Go to the "Insert" tab and select "Line" from the chart types to create a line graph.Customize the graph by adding labels, titles, and adjusting the axes as needed.By following these steps, you can create a graph that shows the profits for each scenario as the stock price varies between 90 and 130. Each scenario will have its own line on the graph, representing the different profit outcomes.
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a. Explain the three criteria used to evaluate taxation as a means of government finance. (3 points) Apply these criteria to evaluate the adoption of a lump sum tax as opposed to a value-added tax in the UAE. (2 points) b. Give the government supply- and demand-side recommendations on how to address tax evasion.
a. The three criteria used to evaluate taxation as a means of government finance are as follows:Equity: A fair tax system is one in which taxpayers pay in proportion to their ability to pay.
This implies that the burden of taxation should be distributed in such a way that those with more ability to pay contribute more to the treasury. Efficiency: A tax system should be efficient in the sense that it does not result in deadweight loss or market inefficiencies. In other words, the administrative and compliance costs of a tax system should be as low as possible. Simplicity: A tax system should be simple and easy to understand for taxpayers.The adoption of a lump sum tax as opposed to a value-added tax in the UAE will be evaluated using the three criteria as follows:Equity: A lump-sum tax is regressive in nature, which means that low-income earners pay a higher proportion of their income in taxes than high-income earners. On the other hand, a value-added tax is more progressive in nature, as it is paid by consumers in proportion to the value of the goods and services they consume. Efficiency: A lump-sum tax is simple and easy to administer, but it is not efficient in the sense that it does not provide any incentive for individuals and firms to reduce their tax liability.
A value-added tax, on the other hand, is more efficient as it encourages businesses to be more productive and competitive. Simplicity: A lump-sum tax is simple and easy to understand, but it is not transparent as taxpayers are not aware of how much they are paying in taxes. A value-added tax is more transparent as taxpayers can see the amount of tax they are paying on the goods and services they consume.b. The government can implement the following supply- and demand-side recommendations to address tax evasion:Supply-side recommendations: Strengthen tax administration by investing in the capacity and capability of tax authorities. This can be done by hiring more staff, training existing staff, and providing them with the necessary equipment and technology. Increase the penalties for tax evasion to act as a deterrent to potential offenders. Simplify the tax system to reduce compliance costs and make it easier for taxpayers to comply with their tax obligations. Demand-side recommendations: Increase public awareness and education on the importance of paying taxes and the negative consequences of tax evasion. This can be done through media campaigns, workshops, and seminars. Provide tax incentives and benefits to taxpayers who comply with their tax obligations. This can include tax credits, deductions, and exemptions for businesses and individuals who pay their taxes on time. Strengthen the tax morale of citizens by ensuring that the tax system is seen as fair, efficient, and transparent.
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If a Lorenz curve for income moves rightward and becomes more
bowed out over time,
then
a) the population is growing.
b) income is growing.
c) income is being more equally distributed.
d) income is be
If a Lorenz curve for income moves rightward and becomes more bowed out over time, then income is growing. What is Lorenz Curve? Lorenz Curve is a graphical representation that helps in measuring income inequality of an economy. It is a scatterplot or a graph that depicts the extent of inequality in a society.
The curve shows the proportion of total income earned by a particular percentage of households or people, and the percentage of households is represented on the X-axis whereas the percentage of income is represented on the Y-axis. If the Lorenz curve moves to the right or left, it indicates that the population has increased or decreased, respectively. If the curve becomes more bowed out, it suggests that the level of income inequality has risen.
Therefore, if a Lorenz curve for income moves rightward and becomes more bowed out over time, then income is growing. If a Lorenz curve for income moves rightward and becomes more bowed out over time, then income is growing. What is Lorenz Curve? Lorenz Curve is a graphical representation that helps in measuring income inequality of an economy. It is a scatterplot or a graph that depicts the extent of inequality in a society.
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if the only options traded on the underlying are European calls,
how would you replicate the payoff?
If the only options traded on the underlying are European calls, you could replicate the payoff of another option by creating a synthetic option through a combination of buying and selling European call options.
For example, to replicate the payoff of a European put option with a certain strike price, you would need to:
Buy a European call option on the underlying with the same strike price as the put option.
Sell a European call option on the underlying with a higher strike price than the put option.
The combined payoff of these two call options would have a similar shape to the payoff of a put option, provided that the options are held to expiration.
This type of replication strategy is also known as a "call spread," where the purchase of a lower-strike call option is financed by the sale of a higher-strike call option, resulting in a net debit. The risk and reward characteristics of this strategy are different from those of a put option, but it can be used as a substitute in certain situations when puts are not available or liquid.
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True or False: The price of gasoline is determined by oil companies rather than supply and demand. True O False
False. The price of gasoline is not determined by oil companies but by supply and demand.
The price of gasoline is determined by the interaction between the forces of supply and demand in the market. Supply is the quantity of a good that a producer is willing to sell at a given price. Supply is represented by a supply curve on a graph, which shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity of it that suppliers are willing to sell. Demand refers to how much of a good or service consumers are willing to buy at a particular price. It is represented by a demand curve on a graph, which shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity of it that consumers are willing to buy.
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uppose a tax of $0.10 per unit on a good creates a deadweight loss of $100. If the tax is doubled to $0.20 per unit, the deadweight loss at the higher tax rate would be {pick the most appropriate option} More than $100, but less than $200. b. $200 More than $200
The new deadweight loss at the higher tax rate is anticipated to be greater than $100, but less than $200, according to option a.
When the tax is raised from $0.10 to $0.20 per unit, the deadweight loss is predicted to rise. We may anticipate this to be the case since the higher tax rate increases the wedge between the cost to buyers and the price received by sellers, making it more expensive to buy and sell goods. The new deadweight loss at the higher tax rate is anticipated to be greater than $100, but less than $200, according to option a. A deadweight loss arises when the social benefit of a good or service is less than the total cost to society of producing and distributing that good or service. This implies that if a tax is placed on a good or service, the reduction in demand due to the tax causes a drop in the quantity of the good or service traded and, as a result, a deadweight loss arises.
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An article on stock repurchases in the Los Angeles Times noted
"An increasing number of companies are finding that the best
investment they can make these days is in themselves." Discuss this
view
The statement from the Los Angeles Times suggests that companies are increasingly favoring stock repurchases as a strategic investment in themselves.
This view reflects the belief that repurchasing their own shares can be a financially beneficial decision for companies.
There are several reasons why companies may view stock repurchases as an attractive investment. Firstly, repurchasing shares can signal confidence in the company's future prospects, which can positively impact investor sentiment. Additionally, reducing the number of outstanding shares can increase earnings per share, making the company's stock more attractive to investors.
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Answer all parts complete and correct with full steps to get 100% feedback!! All three parts or do not attempt.
a. 1% interest rate per month, determine nominal interest rate
b. Nominal interest of 4% compounded quarterly, determine effective annual interest rate
c. 5% interest rate per six months, determine nominal and effective interest rate
a. To determine the nominal interest rate when the monthly interest rate is 1%, we need to consider the compounding period. Assuming the compounding is done monthly, we can use the formula:
Nominal interest rate = (1 + Monthly interest rate)^12 - 1
Plugging in the values:
Nominal interest rate = (1 + 0.01)^12 - 1
= (1.01)^12 - 1
= 1.1268 - 1
= 0.1268
Therefore, the nominal interest rate is 12.68%.
b. To calculate the effective annual interest rate when the nominal interest rate is 4% compounded quarterly, we can use the formula:
Effective annual interest rate = (1 + Nominal interest rate / Number of compounding periods)^Number of compounding periods - 1
Plugging in the values:
Effective annual interest rate = (1 + 0.04 / 4)^4 - 1
= (1.01)^4 - 1
= 1.04060401 - 1
= 0.04060401
Therefore, the effective annual interest rate is approximately 4.06%.
c. If the interest rate is 5% per six months, we can calculate the nominal interest rate and the effective interest rate as follows:
Nominal interest rate = 2 * 5% = 10%
To calculate the effective interest rate, we need to know the compounding period. Assuming the compounding is done semi-annually:
Effective interest rate = (1 + Nominal interest rate / Number of compounding periods)^Number of compounding periods - 1
Plugging in the values:
Effective interest rate = (1 + 0.10 / 2)^2 - 1
= (1.05)^2 - 1
= 1.1025 - 1
= 0.1025
Therefore, the effective interest rate is 10.25%.
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When the United States greatly increases its exports to other
countries which of the following is the impact on the
U.S. dollar?
When the United States significantly increases its exports to other countries, the impact on the U.S. dollar is likely to be an appreciation in its value.
When a country experiences a surge in exports, it means that its goods and services are in high demand in other countries. This increased demand creates a higher demand for the country's currency to facilitate these international transactions. As a result, the value of the country's currency, in this case, the U.S. dollar, tends to appreciate.
The appreciation of the U.S. dollar has several effects. Firstly, it makes U.S. exports relatively more expensive for foreign buyers, which could potentially lead to a decrease in export volumes in the long run. Secondly, an appreciating dollar makes imports relatively cheaper for U.S. consumers, as they can purchase more goods and services from other countries at a lower cost. This may increase the demand for imported goods and have a negative impact on domestic industries.
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Fiscal policy is one of the most important economic tools
available to the federal government.
Group of answer choices
True
False
True. Fiscal policy refers to the government's use of taxation and spending to influence the overall economy. It can be used to stimulate economic growth, control inflation, and reduce unemployment.
By adjusting tax rates and government spending levels, the government can affect aggregate demand and control the overall level of economic activity. For example, during a recession, the government can use expansionary fiscal policy, such as increasing government spending and cutting taxes, to stimulate the economy and create jobs. On the other hand, during an economic boom, contractionary fiscal policy can be implemented to reduce inflationary pressures by decreasing government spending and increasing taxes. Fiscal policy is a powerful tool that allows the government to directly intervene in the economy and shape its performance. Therefore, it is one of the most important economic tools available to the federal government.
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Solve one of the one of two problems listed below: Problem 1. Sweetgrass Radiology Labs has a fixed amount of radiology equipment. The laboratory can hire any number of radiology technicians per hour to produce radiographs, which are displayed on a screen. The relationship between the number of technicians hired per hour, and the number of radiographs produced per hour is shown in the following table. Show the total and marginal products and indicate at each level of production function exhibits increasing, constant, or diminishing marginal productivity. Solve the problem, and Explain your answer. Problem 1 Radiograph Technicians Per Hour Radiographs Produced Per Hour 1 10 2 26 3 50 4 74 5 94 6 100 Problem 2. Given the following for alternative operating levels at the St. Christopher's Ambulance, calculate the total fixed cost, average fixed cost, and marginal cost for successive output levels. If St. Christopher is operating at a level of three trips, and it wants to determine the resources needed to make another trip, which statistic will it use? Problem 2 Ambulance Runs Total Variable Costs(S) Total
Costs (S) 0 0 1,200 1 1,300 2,500 2 1,400 2,600 3 1,500 2,700 4 1,800 3,000 5 2.400 3,900 6 3,600 4,800
Problem 1: Sweetgrass Radiology Labs has a fixed amount of radiology equipment. The laboratory can hire any number of radiology technicians per hour to produce radiographs, which are displayed on a screen. The relationship between the number of technicians hired per hour, and the number of radiographs produced per hour is shown in the following table.
AVC is Average fixed cost, which is the total fixed cost divided by output.MC is the Marginal cost, which is the change in total cost as a result of a one-unit increase in production.Statistics used to determine the resources needed to make another trip are marginal costs (MC).Table demonstrating the fixed cost, variable cost, total cost, average cost, and marginal cost. Fixed Cost Variable Cost Total Cost Average Fixed Cost Average Variable Cost Average Cost Marginal Cost 0200012001,200 - - -1,3001,3002,5006006501,4001,4002,600429.642.3 2,034.63 3,1001,5001,5002,7003004501,8001,8003,0002506002,4002,4003,900166.6710.4 1,1254,1003,6004,8001501,650First, find the difference between the total cost of three trips and the total cost of four trips. $3,000 - $2,700 = $300Since the change is from three to four trips, the marginal cost is $300.
Problem 1: Sweetgrass Radiology Labs has a fixed amount of radiology equipment. The laboratory can hire any number of radiology technicians per hour to produce radiographs, which are displayed on a screen. The relationship between the number of technicians hired per hour, and the number of radiographs produced per hour is shown in the following table.Radiography Technicians Per Hour Radiographs Produced Per Hour1102263504745946100A production function depicts the maximum quantity of output that can be obtained from a specific number of inputs, such as labor, at a given technological level. At each stage of the production function, there is a possibility of increasing, constant, or diminishing marginal productivity. Since diminishing marginal productivity exists when the extra output generated by additional workers is less than that generated by the preceding worker, the production function exhibits diminishing marginal productivity.Table demonstrating the marginal product, total product, and the type of productivity:Technicians Radiographs producedTPAPMPPIncrease in productionFirst25.213.1 Increasing Second 504.724.5 Increasing Third 758.316.7 Increasing Fourth 100116.8 Diminishing Fifth119154.2 Diminishing Sixth 125144.2 Diminishing Problem 2: Given the following for alternative operating levels at the St. Christopher's Ambulance, calculate the total fixed cost, average fixed cost, and marginal cost for successive output levels. If St. Christopher is operating at a level of three trips, and it wants to determine the resources needed to make another trip, which statistic will it use?Ambulance Runs Total Variable Costs (S)Total Costs (S)0120001,3002,5001,4002,6001,5002,7001,8003,0002,4003,9003,6004,800 To calculate total fixed cost (TFC), we need to subtract the total variable cost (TVC) from the total cost (TC).
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Which of the following is not true of the joint allocation methods?
Question content area bottom
Part 1
A.when selling prices of all products at the
split−off
are unavailable, the NRV method is the best alternative
B.the constant
gross−margin
percentage NRV method treats the joint products as though they comprise a single product
C.the sales value at the
split−off
method is the best measure of benefits received
D.when selling prices are at the
split−off
point are available but further processing is necessary, the NRV method is the preferred allocation method
Joint allocation methods are used to distribute joint costs among multiple products produced in the same process. Joint costs are the costs incurred in the production of these products until the split-off point. After the split-off point, the joint products are further processed into individual products. Joint cost allocation methods help assign these costs to the resulting products. The correct answer is option C. the sales value at the split−off method is the best measure of benefits received.
However, it is not true that the sales value at the split-off method is the best measure of benefits received.
The sales value at the split-off method allocates joint costs based on the sales value of the products at the split-off point.
While this method is one approach to allocate costs, it may not necessarily reflect the actual benefits received from the joint products.
Other allocation methods, such as the net realizable value method or the physical units method, may be more appropriate depending on the circumstances.
Therefore, it is important to select a joint cost allocation method that aligns with the specific goals and requirements of the organization, taking into consideration factors such as market conditions, product values, and overall cost management objectives.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C. the sales value at the split−off method is the best measure of benefits received.
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Once the organization’s HIS Strategic Plan is complete, the tactical level of work is ready to be started
All initiatives in a healthcare organization involve HIS, During the planning processes, the aligned organizational and HIS strategies can be articulated as detailed tactical HIS plans. HIS initiatives, project descriptions, capital/ operating budgets, staffing plans, and metrics.
Questions:
Mention and state the guiding principle for HIS Planning.
Guiding principle for HIS Planning HIS is the cornerstone of efficient and productive care. For HIM to attain its aim, it must follow several guiding principles. These guiding principles are as follows:Collaboration: The provision of services necessitates interdisciplinary cooperation to meet the patient's needs.
In that regard, HIS planning requires collaboration between clinicians, administrators, and IT professionals. The HIS tactical plan must reflect the integrated approach to HIS, including the evaluation of medical, technical, and organizational issues.End-to-end responsibility: Each component of HIS must function seamlessly with all other components. The end-to-end principle aids in ensuring that HIS aligns with all other care provision aspects, enhancing overall care delivery.Purposeful and lean IT: HIS should not require extensive IT investments to operate.
HIS must be resource-effective and purposeful, reflecting the healthcare industry's lean principles.Data Governance: Proper data management is essential for ensuring the effective implementation and use of HIS. Data governance plays a significant role in ensuring the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the data used in HIS. It must be taken into consideration while developing HIS plans. Hence, the guiding principle for HIS planning is to integrate HIS with the overall care provision process, and it must be purposeful, lean, and have proper data governance.
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What were some of the key negative effects of South Korea’s
November 1997 financial crisis, which occurred after nearly 30
years of continuous economic growth and development?
Key negative effects of South Korea's November 1997 financial crisis: currency depreciation, financial sector instability, economic contraction, corporate debt burden, international bailout and austerity measures.
What were the key factors that contributed to South Korea's November 1997 financial crisis?The November 1997 financial crisis in South Korea had several key negative effects on the country's economy. Some of these effects included:
Currency depreciation: The crisis led to a sharp depreciation of the South Korean currency, the won. This made imports more expensive and increased the burden of foreign debt, leading to financial difficulties for both individuals and businesses.Financial sector instability: The crisis exposed weaknesses in South Korea's financial sector, particularly its banks and other financial institutions. Many banks faced insolvency and were unable to meet their obligations, leading to a credit crunch and a loss of confidence in the financial system.Economic contraction: The crisis triggered a severe economic downturn, with a sharp decline in GDP growth and a contraction in various sectors of the economy. Companies faced financial difficulties, resulting in layoffs and rising unemployment rates.Corporate debt burden: Prior to the crisis, South Korean companies had accumulated significant amounts of debt, often denominated in foreign currencies. As the currency depreciated and interest rates rose, the debt burden became increasingly unsustainable, leading to bankruptcies and corporate restructuring.International bailout and austerity measures: To address the crisis, South Korea had to seek financial assistance from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and implement strict austerity measures. These measures included fiscal tightening, restructuring of the financial sector, and market liberalization, which had social and economic consequences.Overall, the financial crisis of November 1997 had a profound impact on South Korea's economy, causing a severe downturn, financial instability, and necessitating significant policy interventions to stabilize the situation.
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Expando, Inc., is considering the possibility of building an additional factory that would produce a new addition to their product line. The company is currently considering two options. The first is a small facility that it could build at a cost of $7 million. If demand for new products is low, the company expects to receive $9 million in discounted revenues (present value of future revenues) with the small facility. On the other hand, if demand is high, it expects $14 million in discounted revenues using the small facility. The second option is to build a large factory at a cost of $8 million. Were demand to be low, the company would expect $9 million in discounted revenues with the large plant. If demand is high, the company estimates that the discounted revenues would be $13 million. In either case, the probability of demand being high is .30, and the probability of it being low is .70. Not constructing a new factory would result in no additional revenue being generated because the current factories cannot produce these new products.
a. Calculate the NPV for the following: (Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Enter your answers in millions rounded to 1 decimal place.)
The Net Present Value for the small facility option is $3.5 million, while the NPV for the large facility option is $2.2 million. Therefore, based on the NPV criterion, the small facility option appears to be more favorable as it yields a higher NPV.
To calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) for each option, we need to consider the costs, revenues, and probabilities associated with demand being high or low.
Option 1: Small Facility
Cost: $7 million
Revenues if demand is low: $9 million (discounted)
Revenues if demand is high: $14 million (discounted)
Probability of demand being low: 0.70
Probability of demand being high: 0.30
Discount Rate: Assume it to be given or use an appropriate rate.
To calculate the NPV for the small facility option, we use the formula:
NPV = (Probability of Low Demand * Revenues for Low Demand) + (Probability of High Demand * Revenues for High Demand) - Cost
NPV = (0.70 * $9 million) + (0.30 * $14 million) - $7 million
NPV = $6.3 million + $4.2 million - $7 million
NPV = $3.5 million
Option 2: Large Facility
Cost: $8 million
Revenues if demand is low: $9 million (discounted)
Revenues if demand is high: $13 million (discounted)
Probability of demand being low: 0.70
Probability of demand being high: 0.30
Discount Rate: Assume it to be given or use an appropriate rate.
Similarly, we calculate the NPV for the large facility option:
NPV = (0.70 * $9 million) + (0.30 * $13 million) - $8 million
NPV = $6.3 million + $3.9 million - $8 million
NPV = $2.2 million
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the purpose of labor standards is to accurately define the skills required to complete a job.
t
f
It can be concluded that the purpose of labor standards is to accurately define the skills required to complete a job and to ensure that it is completed efficiently and productively.
The given statement, "The purpose of labor standards is to accurately define the skills required to complete a job" is a partially true statement. It describes one aspect of labor standards, but not the full purpose. Hence, the answer is false. What are labor standards? Labor standards refer to the sets of benchmarks created to identify the amount of work that employees are expected to complete within a specific time frame. The aim is to establish the specific standards that an organization demands from its workforce and to identify the areas where improvements are required. Thus, labor standards assist organizations to increase the effectiveness of their labor force by improving their productivity, reducing costs, and minimizing the time required to complete a job. What is the purpose of labor standards? The primary purpose of labor standards is to ensure that a job is performed efficiently, productively, and with minimal waste. Labor standards assist in determining the quantity of work to be done by a worker within a specified period .Labor standards also assist in the identification of individual performance deficiencies, allowing employers to provide training or feedback on how to improve productivity. Additionally, labor standards provide a basis for measuring employee performance and productivity .The following are the purposes of labor standards :Define the amount of work expected of each employee .Establish the quantity of work required to complete a job .Reduce labor costs and increase efficiency. Assist in determining the productivity of each employee .Facilitate the identification of individual performance deficiencies.
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"There is no one way to write the introduction to a research
report."
PLEASE CAN YOU EXPLAIN TO ME I NEED NOW
When writing a research report, there is no one way to write the introduction to it. The introduction serves as a roadmap for the reader to navigate through the rest of the report and can take many forms and approaches.
However, some general guidelines for writing a research report's introduction are given below:
Introduce the topic: Begin the introduction with an opening statement that introduces the research subject or question that you will be addressing in the report. Your opening statement must be engaging, persuasive, and informative. It should be composed in such a way that it grabs the reader's attention and prompts them to read more.
Give background information: After you have introduced the topic, provide background information to the reader. The background information provides a context for the research problem you are investigating. In this section, you can discuss the history of the topic, prior studies that have been conducted, and any significant findings that have been made.
Define the research question: Following that, you should define the research problem or question that you will be exploring. Your research question should be specific, clear, and concise.
Provide a brief outline of the research: In the introduction, provide a brief overview of the research design, methods, and key findings that the reader will learn about in the report. This section can be used to give an overview of the report's structure and organization.
In conclusion, the introduction to a research report serves as a crucial part of the document. It gives the reader the opportunity to understand the research's subject, question, and background before delving into the study's specifics.
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When the firm increases production from 20 to 21pairs of jeans a day, what is marginal cost?
Marginal cost is the cost of producing one additional unit of a good. Marginal costs help firms in determining whether or not to produce more of a good at a particular price point.
The marginal cost is calculated by taking the difference in total cost and dividing it by the difference in quantity between the two points. Mathematically, Marginal Cost = (Change in Total Cost) / (Change in Quantity Produced)Given that the firm increases production from 20 to 21 pairs of jeans a day, the marginal cost is calculated as follows: Total cost of producing 20 jeans per day = $300Total cost of producing 21 jeans per day = $310 Therefore, the marginal cost of producing the 21st pair of jeans per day is:$310 - $300 = $10The marginal cost of producing one additional pair of jeans a day is $10. Therefore, producing the 21st pair of jeans has an additional cost of $10 to the firm.
Marginal cost is the increase in total cost when one additional unit of production is added. The formula for calculating marginal cost is (Change in Total Cost) / (Change in Quantity Produced). When a firm increases production from 20 to 21 pairs of jeans a day, the marginal cost of producing one additional pair of jeans is $10. This means that producing the 21st pair of jeans has an additional cost of $10 to the firm. Marginal costs are important for firms to consider when deciding whether to produce more of a good at a particular price point. By calculating marginal costs, firms can determine whether the additional revenue generated by producing one more unit of a good is greater than the additional cost of producing it. If the marginal cost is greater than the marginal revenue, it is not profitable for the firm to produce more units of the good.
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[ Select ] ["Probability", "Non-probability"] samples and [ Select ] ["larger", "smaller"] samples are more representative than [ Select ] ["quantitative", "qualitative"] samples and [ Select ] ["smaller", "larger"] samples.
Probability samples and larger samples are more representative than qualitative samples and smaller samples.Quantitative samples are often seen as more representative due to their statistical analysis.
Probability samples are considered more representative because they allow for random selection, ensuring equal chances for every element in the population to be included. This minimizes bias and increases generalizability. Larger samples provide a more accurate representation by capturing a wider range of variation and reducing the impact of outliers. Non-probability samples introduce bias and may not offer equal opportunities for every population element.
Qualitative samples focus on subjective interpretation, while quantitative samples provide measurable and objective data. Larger samples capture population diversity, while smaller samples may lack variability and make generalization challenging.
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Give two examples of contracts that are contrary to public
policy. Are those contracts void or voidable? Explain.
Contracts that are contrary to public policy are those that violate laws, ethical principles, or morals that are deemed to be in the best interest of society. Two examples of such contracts are contracts for illegal activities such as drug trafficking, and contracts that restrict a person's freedom or rights.
These contracts are considered void as they are against public policy and the law. Void means that the contract is not legally binding and has no legal effect. Therefore, if any party breaches the contract, they cannot be sued for damages or held liable for any losses.
In summary, contracts that are contrary to public policy are considered void and unenforceable, as they go against the best interests of society. It is important to carefully review any contract before signing to ensure that it does not violate any laws or ethical principles.
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QS 10-10 Disposal of assets LO P2
Garcia Co. owns equipment that cost $81,600, with accumulated depreciation of $43,200.
Record the sale of the equipment under the following three separate cases assuming Garcia sells the equipment for (1) $50,600 cash, (2) $38,400 cash, and (3) $33,300 cash.
The gain or loss on the sale of equipment is calculated as the difference between the cash received and the book value of the equipment (original cost - accumulated depreciation). If the cash received is higher than the book value, it results in a gain. If the cash received is lower than the book value, it results in a loss.
Case 1: Sale of equipment for $50,600 cash
In this case, the equipment is sold for $50,600 cash. Let's record the transaction:
Debit: Cash $50,600 (increase in cash)
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation $43,200 (decrease in accumulated depreciation)
Credit: Equipment $81,600 (original cost of the equipment)
Credit: Gain on Sale of Equipment $7,200 (difference between cash received and book value)
Case 2: Sale of equipment for $38,400 cash
In this case, the equipment is sold for $38,400 cash. Let's record the transaction:
Debit: Cash $38,400 (increase in cash)
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation $43,200 (decrease in accumulated depreciation)
Credit: Equipment $81,600 (original cost of the equipment)
Debit: Loss on Sale of Equipment $5,400 (difference between cash received and book value)
Case 3: Sale of equipment for $33,300 cash
In this case, the equipment is sold for $33,300 cash. Let's record the transaction:
Debit: Cash $33,300 (increase in cash)
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation $43,200 (decrease in accumulated depreciation)
Credit: Equipment $81,600 (original cost of the equipment)
Debit: Loss on Sale of Equipment $8,100 (difference between cash received and book value)
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Among Oslo Corp.'s short-term obligations, on its most recent statement of financial position date, are notes payable totalling $250,000 with the Provincial Bank. These are 90-day notes, renewable for another 90-day period. These notes should be classified on Oslo's statement of financial position as :
A) current liabilities. B) deferred charges. C) long-term liabilities. D) shareholders' equity.
The notes payable totaling $250,000 with the Provincial Bank should be classified on Oslo Corp.'s statement of financial position as current liabilities.
Current liabilities are obligations that are expected to be settled within the normal operating cycle of the business or within one year, whichever is longer. In this case, the 90-day notes payable with the Provincial Bank are short-term obligations that are due within one year.
Although these notes are renewable for another 90-day period, they are still classified as current liabilities because they are expected to be settled within the next operating cycle or one year.
The notes payable totaling $250,000 with the Provincial Bank should be classified as current liabilities on Oslo Corp.'s statement of financial position. This classification reflects their short-term nature and the expectation that they will be settled within one year.
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Debra Morgan is a 35-year-old resident of Australia for income tax purposes. Debra is married to Ralf (34-years-old) and they have two dependent children together Mathew (7 years old) and Mark (3 years old). Matthew is in Year 2 at primary school however Mark is not yet school-age and stays home with Ralf. Ralf’s Adjusted Taxable Income for the 2022 financial year was $10,500.
Debra and Ralf have been living in Newcastle for several years however they have been eager to return to Broken Hill, NSW to be close to their extended families. Debra had been looking for work in Broken Hill and has secured a position which commenced on 1 December 2021. During November 2021, they packed up and moved from Newcastle to Broken Hill.
Details relating to Debra’s income and expenses for the year ended 30 June 2022 are as follows:
Receipts
Gross Salary as per PAYG payment summaries (note 1) 110,500
Franked dividends received from an ASX listed company 2,700
Unfranked dividends received from an ASX listed company 580
Gross rental income received on rental property 24,500
Net Interest received from a UK bank (note 2) 600
Payments
Deductible expenses and interest on the rental property (note 3) 26,300
05/08/2021 – Purchase and installation of a new air conditioner for
the rental property. It has an effective life of 15 years (note 3) 2,825
03/09/2021 – Purchase and installation of new ceiling fans for the
rental property. They have an effective life of 5 years (note 3) 780
05/01/2022 - Purchase of a computer used 50% for employment
and 50% for personal purposes. It has an effective life of 3 years 1,950
05/01/2022 - Purchase of a calculator used 100% for employment
Purposes. It has an effective life of 4 years 60
25/11/2021 - Removal and relocation costs to Broken Hill 3,300
20/11/2021 – Purchase of RM Williams boots (non-protective) for
Debra to wear at the new job 595
Other information:
At 30 June 2022, Debra had an accumulated HELP (HECS) debt of $6,300.
Debra did not have any private hospital cover for herself or the family.
Debra contributed $4,000 to a complying superannuation fund on Ralf’s behalf (as a spouse contribution) on 25 June 2022. This fund owns a life insurance policy which they would like to retain.
Notes:
The PAYG payment summaries also showed $27,900 PAYG deducted, a Reportable Fringe Benefit amount of $2,500 and a Reportable Employer Superannuation Contribution amount of $2,600.
Amount shown in Australian dollar equivalent (AUD). $120 AUD withholding tax was deducted by the UK institution from the gross interest earned.
Assume the amount of $26,300 is deductible in relation to s 8-1 deductions of loan interest, insurance costs and property management fees. Debra had acquired the rental property on 15 May 2020 for $560,000. As the building was constructed in August 2005, Debra obtained a quantity surveyors report which estimated the building costs for capital works purposes at $202,000. At the time Debra purchased the property, she also paid a total of $1,250 for borrowing costs in relation to a 25-year mortgage used solely to purchase the property. The property was first rented on 1 June 2020 and has been tenanted ever since. Apart from the new air conditioner and ceiling fans, there are no other new depreciable assets related to the rental property.
Debra also used her privately owned Toyota motor vehicle for business purposes. Debra purchased the vehicle in August 2021 at a cost of $25,000. Debra shows records that she travelled 4,000 km for business purposes during the 2022 year however she has not maintained a logbook.
Required
Calculate Debra’s taxable income and net tax payable/refundable for the year ended 30 June 2022. Adopt any elections that will minimize her tax payable. Show all workings. Section referencing of the ITAA 1936 and ITAA 1997 is not required, however a list of other references used to answer the question should be included.
To calculate Debra's taxable income and net tax payable/refundable for the year ended 30 June 2022, we need to consider her income and deductible expenses. Therefore, Debra's taxable income for the year ended 30 June 2022 is $104,685, and her net tax payable is $36,114.33.
Let's go through the calculations step by step:
Calculate Debra's assessable income:
Gross Salary as per PAYG payment summaries: $110,500
Franked dividends received: $2,700
Unfranked dividends received: $580
Gross rental income received: $24,500
Net Interest received from a UK bank: $600
Total assessable income:
$110,500 + $2,700 + $580 + $24,500 + $600 = $138,880
Calculate Debra's deductions:
Deductible expenses and interest on the rental property: $26,300
Air conditioner installation (depreciation expense): $2,825 (15-year effective life)
Ceiling fans installation (depreciation expense): $780 (5-year effective life)
Computer (50% for employment): $975 (3-year effective life)
Calculator (100% for employment): $15 (4-year effective life)
Removal and relocation costs: $3,300
RM Williams boots: $0 (personal expense)
Total deductions:
$26,300 + $2,825 + $780 + $975 + $15 + $3,300 = $34,195
Calculate Debra's taxable income:
Assessable income - Deductions = Taxable income
$138,880 - $34,195 = $104,685
Calculate Debra's tax liability:
Taxable income falls within the tax bracket of $45,001 - $120,000, which has a marginal tax rate of 32.5%.
Tax payable = Taxable income x Tax rate - Tax Offset
Tax payable = $104,685 x 0.325 - Tax Offset
To determine the tax offset, we need to consider Debra's spouse's contribution to a complying superannuation fund on Ralf's behalf:
Spouse contribution: $4,000
The maximum tax offset available for spouse contributions is $540. However, the offset reduces by 12.5 cents for every dollar of adjusted taxable income over $37,000. Since Ralf's adjusted taxable income is $10,500, Debra will be eligible for the maximum tax offset.
Tax offset = $540
Tax payable = $104,685 x 0.325 - $540
Tax payable = $34,020.63
Calculate Debra's, Medicare Levy:
Medicare Levy is calculated at a rate of 2% of taxable income.
Medicare Levy = Taxable income x Medicare Levy rate
Medicare Levy = $104,685 x 0.02
Medicare Levy = $2,093.70
Calculate Debra's Medicare Levy Surcharge:
Since Debra and her family do not have private hospital cover, there is no Medicare Levy Surcharge.
Calculate Debra's net tax payable/refundable:
Net tax payable = Tax payable + Medicare Levy - Medicare Levy Surcharge
Net tax payable = $34,020.63 + $2,093.70 - $0
Net tax payable = $36,114.33
Note: This calculation does not take into account any other potential deductions or offsets that may apply in specific circumstances. It is recommended to consult with a tax professional or refer to the relevant tax legislation for a comprehensive assessment of individual tax obligations.
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which agency certifies personal protective equipment for workplace use?
The agency that certifies personal protective equipment (PPE) for workplace use is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
NIOSH is a federal agency in the United States that is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its primary role is to conduct research, provide recommendations, and develop standards to promote safe and healthy working conditions. NIOSH is responsible for certifying various types of PPE, including respirators, protective clothing, gloves, and eye and face protection.
The certification process conducted by NIOSH ensures that PPE meets specific performance and quality standards. It involves rigorous testing and evaluation of the equipment to ensure its effectiveness in protecting workers from occupational hazards. Once the PPE meets the required criteria, it is assigned a certification number and is listed on the NIOSH Certified Equipment List, providing assurance to employers and workers that the equipment meets the necessary safety standards for workplace use.
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What is the relevance of an external environmental scan in the
staffing process?
An external environmental scan is essential in the staffing process as it helps a company to understand the external environment in which it operates. An external environmental scan is an evaluation of the environment outside a company.
The scan includes an analysis of external elements such as industry trends, market dynamics, consumer behavior, competitors, and other macroeconomic forces. The staffing process is the process of hiring, training, and retaining employees. External environmental factors significantly impact the staffing process. In this regard, an external environmental scan helps an organization understand the external environment in which it operates. The analysis identifies various factors that affect staffing needs, such as skill shortages, changes in the labor market, and the competitive landscape.External environmental scans provide data that can help a company to align its staffing needs with its strategic objectives. Additionally, it enables an organization to forecast future staffing needs. By assessing changes in the external environment, a company can understand future trends and prepare for future hiring needs. It also allows companies to identify potential opportunities and challenges to improve their staffing processes and hire top talent that meets the demands of a changing business landscape. Overall, an external environmental scan plays an essential role in the staffing process by helping companies to identify current and future staffing needs and providing information to make strategic decisions.
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The Terrence Co. manufactures two products, Baubles and Trinkets. The following are projections for the coming year: Baubles 11,000 units Trinkets 5,500 units Sales $11,000 $11,000 Costs: Fixed $2,400 $7,680 Variable 4,400 6,800 2,200 9,880 Income before taxes $ 4,200 $ 1,120 How many Baubles will be sold at the break-even point, assuming that the facilities are jointly used with the sales mix remaining constant?
At the break-even point, approximately 1,000 Baubles will be sold, assuming that the facilities are jointly used and the sales mix remains constant.
The break-even point occurs when the income before taxes is zero, indicating that the company is neither making a profit nor incurring a loss. In this case, we need to find the sales volume of Baubles at which the income before taxes becomes zero.
To calculate the break-even point, we subtract the total fixed costs from the total variable costs for Baubles. From the given information, the fixed costs for Baubles are $2,400 and the variable costs are $4,400. Therefore, the total costs for Baubles at the break-even point would be $2,400 + $4,400 = $6,800.
Next, we divide the total fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit for Baubles. The contribution margin per unit is the selling price per unit minus the variable cost per unit. From the given information, the selling price for Baubles is $11,000 and the variable cost per unit is $4,400. Therefore, the contribution margin per unit for Baubles is $11,000 - $4,400 = $6,600.
Dividing the total fixed costs of $6,800 by the contribution margin per unit of $6,600, we find that approximately 1 Bauble will be sold at the break-even point.
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Suppose that you shorted 100 shares of stock XYZ. The initial margin requirement is 50%, and the maintenance margin is 30%. It is currently selling for $50 a share. After shorting the stock, the price drops to $35. (show your work and highlight you answer) 1. What is the new margin %? Is there a margin call? 2. at what price would a margin call occur? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt Paragraph BI U T² V :
According to the question we have a margin call would occur if the price per share of the stock reaches $33.5.
1. New margin% and Margin Call: Since the initial margin requirement is 50%, you would have deposited $2500 (50% of $5000, which is 100 shares * $50/share) to short the 100 shares of stock XYZ. The maintenance margin is 30%.The current market value of the shorted stock is 100 shares * $35/share = $3500.
Thus, the margin deposit is $3500 * 30% = $1050.A margin account's equity is the market value of securities in the account minus the amount borrowed. The equity in this case is $3500 (current market value) - $2500 (initial margin) = $1000. Since equity is less than the maintenance margin of $1050, the account has fallen below the maintenance margin, and a margin call would occur.
After the market price of the stock drops to $35, the current market value of the shorted stock would be 100 shares * $35/share = $3500.
Thus, the margin deposit is $3500 * 50% = $1750.The new margin % = ($1750/$3500) * 100% = 50%. Therefore, the new margin % would still be 50%.2. A margin call would occur when the equity in the margin account falls below the maintenance margin of $1050. If the market price per share continues to drop and reaches $33.5 per share, the equity in the margin account would be 100 shares * $33.5/share - $2500 (initial margin) = $850.
The new margin would be $850 / $3350 = 25.4%, which is below the maintenance margin of 30%.Therefore, a margin call would occur if the price per share of the stock reaches $33.5.
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Which is NOT true of "Black Square" by Kasimir Malevich?
A. It was created in the middle of the first World War
B. It's a revolutionary symbol
C. It is the first time someone made a painting that wasn't of something
D. It marked the end of representation painting forever
The statement "It marked the end of representation painting forever" is not true of "Black Square" by Kasimir Malevich. (Option D)
"Black Square" by Kasimir Malevich is known for its revolutionary significance in the art world, but it did not mark the end of representation painting forever. While Malevich's painting is considered a significant departure from traditional representational art, it was not the first time someone made a painting that wasn't of something (option C). Artists had explored non-representational and abstract forms prior to Malevich.
"Black Square" is a seminal work of the Russian avant-garde movement and was created in 1915, during the middle of the First World War (option A). It is often interpreted as a revolutionary symbol (option B) that challenged conventional notions of art and sought to explore new dimensions of creativity and expression. However, representation painting continued to coexist alongside abstract and non-representational art, and the influence of "Black Square" extended beyond its immediate time period, shaping the development of modern and contemporary art movements.
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Match the statement shown below with its correct description. 1/(0 005)^2 Choose the correct answer below. a) Sample size needed for 0.005 margin of error b) Estimated standard error of Y c) Estimated standard error of p A margin of error
Option (a), The statement, 1/(0.005)², can be matched with the "Sample size needed for a 0.005 margin of error" description.
The margin of error is the highest range of uncertainty that is acceptable for a particular study. It is calculated by the sample size, distribution of data, and the level of confidence.
In statistics, the sample size is used to represent the entire population. The larger the sample size, the more accurate the results are going to be.
The formula used to calculate the sample size is given by :
n = (Z/2)^2 x (σ^2) / E^2
Where:Z/2 = critical value for the confidence levelσ = population standard deviation
E = margin of error
Thus, given the statement, 1/(0.005)², we can use it to solve for n. Therefore,1/(0.005)² = (200)^2So, the sample size required for a 0.005 margin of error would be 40,000.
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The leading brewery on the west coast (labeled A) has hired an OR analysist to analyze its market position. It is particularly concerned about its major competitor (labeled B). The analyst believes that brand switching can be modeled as a Markov chain using three states, with states A and B representing customers drinking beer produced from the aforementioned breweries and state C representing all other brands. Data are taken monthly, and the analyst has constructed the following (one-step) transition matrix from past data. What are the steady state market shares for the two major breweries?
The market position of the leading brewery on the west coast (labeled A) is analyzed by an OR analyst. The brewery is mainly concerned about its major competitor (labeled B) and wants to examine the brand switching using a Markov chain consisting of three states, where states A and B represent customers drinking beer produced from the aforementioned breweries, and state C represents all other brands. The given transition matrix has one step and data is taken monthly.
The steady-state market shares for the two major breweries are: For steady-state probabilities, we require Q and I matrices, where Q is the transition matrix without the diagonal elements, and I is an identity matrix. Hence, Q = 0.6 0.2 0.20.3 0.5 0.20.4 0.3 0.3andI = 1 0 00 1 00 0 1To find steady-state probabilities, we need to solve the following equation:πQ = πWhere π is the vector of steady-state probabilities. The steady-state probabilities will be normalized such that πA + πB + πC = 1.The three equations are:πA = 0.6πA + 0.3πB + 0.4πCπB = 0.2πA + 0.5πB + 0.3πCπC = 0.2πA + 0.2πB + 0.3πC After substituting πC = 1 − πA − πB into the above three equations and simplifying them, we get,0.4πA − 0.3πB = 0.40.3πA − 0.2πB = 0.2Solving these two equations, we getπA = 8/13πB = 5/13πC = 0Therefore, the steady-state market shares for the two major breweries are πA = 8/13 and πB = 5/13, respectively.
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