Biology High School

beeghly g, amofa k, fischbach c, kumar s. regulation of tumor invasion by the physical microenvironment: lessons from breast and brain cancer, annual reviews biomedical engineering, 2022, accepted.

Answers

Answer 1

The article "Regulation of Tumor Invasion by the Physical Microenvironment: Lessons from Breast and Brain Cancer" by Beeghly G, Amofa K, Fischbach C, and Kumar S, accepted for publication in Annual Reviews of Biomedical Engineering in 2022, explores the role of the physical microenvironment in influencing tumor invasion in breast and brain cancer.

In the field of cancer research, understanding the factors that contribute to tumor invasion is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies. This article focuses on the physical microenvironment and its impact on tumor invasion, specifically in the context of breast and brain cancer. The authors discuss various aspects of the physical microenvironment, such as extracellular matrix stiffness, topography, and mechanical forces, and how these factors can influence tumor cell behavior.

The physical properties of the tumor microenvironment play a significant role in tumor progression and invasion. For instance, the stiffness of the extracellular matrix can affect the ability of tumor cells to migrate and invade surrounding tissues.

Similarly, the topography of the microenvironment, such as the presence of aligned collagen fibers, can provide structural guidance to tumor cells and promote invasion. Mechanical forces, including compression and fluid shear stress, can also influence tumor cell behavior by altering cell signaling pathways.

The authors highlight the importance of studying both breast and brain cancer to gain a comprehensive understanding of how the physical microenvironment influences tumor invasion. While there are similarities between these two cancer types, there are also distinct differences in their microenvironments that need to be considered.

By elucidating the mechanisms by which the physical microenvironment regulates tumor invasion, researchers can identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention and develop strategies to inhibit tumor progression. Overall, this article sheds light on the complex interplay between the physical microenvironment and tumor invasion in breast and brain cancer, providing valuable insights for future research and clinical applications.

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Related Questions

_____ represent(s) the first reactant(s) of this metabolic pathway and _____ represent(s) the end product(s) of this pathway.

Answers

The first reactants of a metabolic pathway are called substrates, while the end products of the pathway are called products. In the sequence A--B--C--D,D branching into 2 parts E and F. So, the correct answer would be A represents reactant and E and F end products.

In general, in a metabolic pathway, the substrates refer to the initial reactants that undergo a series of enzymatic reactions, eventually leading to the formation of end products.

The substrates are the molecules that enter the pathway and undergo specific transformations through enzymatic reactions. They serve as the starting materials for the pathway. As the reactions progress, the substrates are modified and converted into intermediate compounds, eventually leading to the formation of the final products.

The end products, as the name suggests, are the final molecules or compounds that are produced as a result of the metabolic pathway. These products can serve as important molecules for cellular processes, and energy production, or be utilized for further biochemical reactions in the cell.

In the figure A--B--C--D branching into E and F, A represent(s) the first reactant(s) of this metabolic pathway and E and F represent(s) the end product(s) of this pathway.

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