Based on the relative risk and performance during an economic downturn, Security C might perform best as it has a negative beta, meaning it tends to move in the opposite direction of the market. This can provide some protection or stability to an investment portfolio during a market downturn.
To calculate the change in return for each security based on a change in the market return, use the following formula:
Change in Return = Beta * Change in Market Return
a. Assuming an increase in the market return of 12.9%:
Change in Return for Security A = 1.38 * 0.129 = 0.17742 (or 17.742%)
Change in Return for Security B = 0.78 * 0.129 = 0.10092 (or 10.092%)
Change in Return for Security C = -0.95 * 0.129 = -0.12255 (or -12.255%)
b. Assuming a decrease in the market return of 10.5%:
Change in Return for Security A = 1.38 * (-0.105) = -0.1459 (or -14.59%)
Change in Return for Security B = 0.78 * (-0.105) = -0.0819 (or -8.19%)
Change in Return for Security C = -0.95 * (-0.105) = 0.09975 (or 9.975%)
c. Based on the findings, rank and discuss the relative risk of each security:
- Security A has a positive beta of 1.38, indicating that it is more volatile than the overall market. During an increase in the market return, Security A shows a relatively higher positive change in return compared to the other securities. However, during a decrease in the market return, Security A experiences a higher negative change in return. This suggests that Security A is riskier and more sensitive to market movements.
- Security B has a beta of 0.78, indicating that it is less volatile than the overall market. During an increase in the market return, Security B shows a positive change in return, but it is relatively lower compared to Security A. During a decrease in the market return, Security B experiences a negative change in return, but again, it is lower than Security A. This suggests that Security B is less risky than Security A but still sensitive to market movements.
- Security C has a negative beta of -0.95, indicating an inverse relationship with the overall market. During an increase in the market return, Security C shows a negative change in return, indicating that it moves in the opposite direction of the market. However, during a decrease in the market return, Security C shows a positive change in return. This suggests that Security C may act as a hedge during economic downturns when the market is performing poorly.
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Number of Periods for an Annuity You have $50,241. 26 in a brokerage account, and you plan to deposit an additional $5,000 at the end of every future year until your account totals $210,000. You expect to earn 10% annually on the account. How many years will it take to reach your goal? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole number years. An investment will pay $100 at the end of each of the next 3 years, $200 at the end of Year 4, $300 at the end of Year 5, and $400 at the end of Year 6. If other investments of equal risk earn 10% annually, what is this investment's present value? Its future value? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent Present value: $1 Future value: $ Present and Future Values of Single Cash Flows for Different Interest Rates Use both the TVM equations and a financial calculator to find the following values. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent. (Hint: Using a financial calculator, you can enter the known values and then press the appropriate key to find the unknown variable. Then, without clearing the TVM register, you can "override" the variable that changes by simply entering a new value for it and then pressing the key for the unknown variable to obtain the second answer. This procedure can be used in parts b and d, and in many other situations, to see how changes in input variables affect the output variable. ) a. An initial $600 compounded for 10 years at 6. 5%. B. An initial $600 compounded for 10 years at 13%. $ c. The present value of $600 due in 10 years at a 6. 5% discount rate. $ d. The present value of $600 due in 10 years at a 13% discount rate. ) $ Present Value of an Annuity Find the present value of the following ordinary annuities. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent. (Notes: If you are using a financial calculator, you can enter the known values and then press the appropriate key to find the unknown variable. Then, without clearing the TVM register, you can "override" the variable that changes by simply entering a new value for it and then pressing the key for the unknown variable to obtain the second answer. This procedure can be used in many situations, to see how changes in input variables affect the output variable. Also, note that you can leave values in the TVM register, switch to Begin Mode, press PV, and find the FV of the annuity due. ) a. $200 per year for 10 years at 10%. $ b. $100 per year for 5 years at 5%. $ c. $200 per year for 5 years at 09. $ d. Now rework parts a, b, and c assuming that payments are made at the beginning of each year, that is, they are annuities due Present value of $200 per year for 10 years at 10%:$ Present value of $100 per year for 5 years at 5%: $ Present value of $200 per year for 5 years at 0%: 5 nd the present value of $725 due in the future under each of the following conditions. Do not round intermedi a. 10% nominal rate, semiannual compounding, discounted back 5 years $ b. 10% nominal rate, quarterly compounding, discounted back 5 years 5 c. 10% nominal rate, monthly compounding, discounted back 1 year While Mary Corens was a student at the University of Tennessee, she borrowed $12,000 in student loans at an annual interest rate of 9. 9%. If Mary repays $1,500 per year, how long will it take her to repay the loan? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole number. Year(s)
To determine the number of years required to reach a savings goal, we can use the formula for the future value of an annuity. Given an initial amount of $50,241.26, an annual deposit of $5,000, and an annual interest rate of 10%, we need to find the number of periods required to accumulate a total of $210,000.
By plugging these values into the formula and solving for the number of periods, we find that it will take approximately 9 years to reach the goal.
Using the formula for the future value of an annuity: FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r
Where:
FV = Future value
P = Annual deposit
r = Annual interest rate
n = Number of periods
Substituting the given values, we have:
$210,000 = $5,000 * [(1 + 0.10)^n - 1] / 0.10
Rearranging the equation and solving for n, we find:
[(1 + 0.10)^n - 1] / 0.10 = 210,000 / 5,000
(1.10^n - 1) / 0.10 = 42
1.10^n - 1 = 4.2
1.10^n = 5.2
n = log(5.2) / log(1.10)
n ≈ 9 years
Therefore, it will take approximately 9 years to reach the savings goal of $210,000.
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Under what balance sheet circumstances would it be desirable to
sell a floor to help finance a cap? When would it be desirable to
sell a cap to help finance a floor?
Selling a floor and a cap are risk management strategies to hedge against adverse movements in interest rates. Selling a floor to finance a cap may be desirable when interest rates are expected to remain low or decrease further, or when an entity's risk exposure has shifted away from interest rate declines.
On the other hand, selling a cap to finance a floor can be advantageous when interest rates are anticipated to rise or when there is increased risk exposure to interest rate increases.
The decision depends on the specific balance sheet circumstances and risk objectives of the entity. Careful analysis, considering factors such as market conditions and risk tolerance, is crucial when implementing these strategies, and seeking guidance from financial professionals is recommended.
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You bought 100 shares of IBM stock last year for $60, you received an $8 per share divided during the year and the current price of the stock is $80. What is the dividend yield on your investment?
The dividend yield on your investment is 13.33%.Dividend yield on investment can be calculated by dividing the dividend by the stock price and multiplying by 100.
It is a measure of the return on investment generated by the dividends received on an investment. In this case, you bought 100 shares of IBM stock for $60 and received an $8 per share dividend during the year. The current price of the stock is $80.Dividend yield on investment formula is
Dividend yield = (Annual dividend / Stock price) x 100
To find the dividend yield on your investment, we will need to find the annual dividend first. The dividend received during the year per share was $8. Therefore, the total dividend received on 100 shares will be:
$8 x 100 = $800
Now we can calculate the dividend yield on your investment using the formula :
Dividend yield = (Annual dividend / Stock price) x 100
Dividend yield = ($800 / $6,000) x 100Dividend yield
= 0.1333 x 100
Dividend yield = 13.33%
Hence, the dividend yield on your investment is 13.33%.
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You purchase a semi-annual coupon rate bond under the following assumptions:
Coupon rate: 7.0% Maturity of bond: 28 years Current YTM: 6.25%
Your intention is to hold the bond for 12 years, during which time you expect to receive a reinvestment rate on all coupon payments of 6.10%. Finally, at the time of sale you assume that the open market YTM will be 5.95%.
Based upon the above items, find the horizon yield (HY) for this bond position.
Present values of cash flows and HY = (Present value at sale / Present value of the bond)^(1/n) - 1.
To calculate the horizon yield (HY) for the bond position, we need to consider the coupon payments, reinvestment rate, and the yield at the time of sale. Here's how to calculate it:
1. Calculate the present value of the bond's cash flows:
First, calculate the present value of the bond's coupon payments and principal repayment at the end of the holding period (12 years).
Coupon payment = Coupon rate * Face value of the bond / 2
Coupon payment = 7.0% * Face value / 2
Reinvestment cash flows = Coupon payment * (1 + Reinvestment rate)^n
Reinvestment cash flows = Coupon payment * (1 + 6.10%)^n
Principal repayment = Face value / (1 + Yield to Maturity)^n
Principal repayment = Face value / (1 + 5.95%)^n
2. Calculate the present value of the reinvestment cash flows:
Reinvestment cash flows present value = Reinvestment cash flows / (1 + Yield to Maturity)^n
3. Calculate the present value of the bond's cash flows at the time of sale (12 years):
Present value at sale = Coupon payment + Reinvestment cash flows present value + Principal repayment
4. Calculate the horizon yield (HY) using the formula:
HY = (Present value at sale / Present value of the bond)^(1/n) - 1
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Andrew Reeson, aged 22, is about to begin his carrier as an economist for the Treasury. Being an economist, Andrew knows he should begin saving for retirement immediately. Part of his inspiration came from reading an article on retirement funding in the Australian Financial Rivew. The article indicated that the ratio of workers paying tax to retirees collecting pensions will drop dramatically in the future. In fact, the number will drop to two workers for very retiree by 2040. Andrew's retirement plan allows him to make yearly contributions, and it pays 9% interest annually. Upon his retirement at age 65 (in 43 years), Andrew plans to buy a new boat, which he estimates will cost him $300,000. He also estimates that in order to live comfortably he will require a yearly income of $80,000 for each year after he retires. Based on his family history, Andrew expects to live until age 80 (that is he would like to receive 15 payments of $80,000 at the end of each year). When he retires, Andrew will purchase his boat in one lump sum and place the remaining balance into an account that pays 6% annual interest, from which he will withdraw $80000 per year. If Andrew's first contribution is made one year from today and his last is made the day he retires, how much money must he contribute each year to his retirement fund? [15 marks]
Andrew must contribute approximately $2,826.31 each year to his retirement fund, considering a retirement age of 65, a boat cost of $300,000, a desired yearly income of $80,000 for 15 years, and interest rates of 9% and 6% for the retirement account and post-retirement account.
To determine the amount Andrew must contribute each year to his retirement fund, we can use the concept of present value of an annuity.
Given:
- Andrew plans to retire in 43 years and live until age 80, requiring 15 annual payments of $80,000.
- The retirement account pays 9% interest annually.
- After retirement, Andrew will place the remaining balance into an account that pays 6% annual interest, from which he will withdraw $80,000 per year.
- Andrew's retirement plan allows yearly contributions.
1. Calculate the future value of the retirement income:
Future Value = $80,000 * (1 - (1 + 0.06)^(-15)) / 0.06
Future Value ≈ $803,350.47
2. Calculate the present value of the retirement income at the time of retirement:
Present Value = $803,350.47 / (1 + 0.06)^(43 - 65)
Present Value ≈ $191,673.66
3. Calculate the present value of the boat cost:
Present Value = $300,000 / (1 + 0.06)^43
Present Value ≈ $62,694.12
4. Calculate the total present value of retirement needs:
Total Present Value = Present Value of retirement income + Present Value of boat cost
Total Present Value ≈ $191,673.66 + $62,694.12 ≈ $254,367.78
5. Calculate the required annual contributions:
Annual Contribution = Total Present Value / (1 - (1 + 0.09)^(-43))
Annual Contribution ≈ $254,367.78 / 0.09 ≈ $2,826.31
Therefore, Andrew must contribute approximately $2,826.31 each year to his retirement fund to achieve his retirement goals.
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Exercise 9-4 (Algo) Lower of cost or market [LO9-1] Herman Company has three products in its ending inventory. Specific per unit data at the end of the year for each of the products a as follows: Required: What unit values should Herman use for each of its products when applying the lower of cost or market (LCM) rule to ending inventory?
To apply the lower of cost or market (LCM) rule to ending inventory, Herman Company should determine the unit values for each of its products. The LCM rule states that the inventory should be valued at the lower of its cost or market value.
For each product, the unit value to be used would be the lower of the cost or market value. Cost refers to the original purchase cost of the product, while market value refers to the current selling price in the market.
To calculate the unit value, Herman Company should compare the cost per unit with the market value per unit for each product. Whichever value is lower should be used as the unit value for that product.
It's important to note that the question does not provide specific cost or market values for each product. Therefore, without this information, I am unable to provide the exact unit values that Herman Company should use for each product. Please refer to the given data or provide the specific values in order to determine the unit values accurately.
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Common stock versus warrant investment Personal Finance Problem Tom Baldwin can invest $9,000 in the common stock or the warrants of Lexington Life Insurance. The common stock is currently selling for $65 per share. Its warrants, which provide for the purchase of 4 shares of common stock at $61 per share, are currently selling for $18. The stock is expected to rise to a market price of $70 within the next year, so the expected theoretical value of a warrant over the next year is $36. The expiration date of the warrant is 1 year from the present.
a. If Mr. Baldwin purchases the stock, holds it for 1 year, and then sells it for $70, what is his total gain? (Ignore brokerage fees and taxes.) b. If Mr. Baldwin purchases the warrants and converts them to common stock in 1 year, what is his total gain if the market price of common shares is actually $70? (Ignore brokerage fees and taxes.) c. Repeat parts a and b, assuming that the market price of the stock in 1 year is $66 d. Discuss the two alternatives and the trade-offs associated with them
The decision between the two alternatives depends on Mr. Baldwin's risk tolerance, investment objectives, and expectations for the future price movement of the stock.
a. If Mr. Baldwin purchases the stock at $65 per share, holds it for 1 year, and sells it for $70, his total gain can be calculated as follows:
Total gain = (Selling Price - Buying Price) * Number of Shares
Total gain = ($70 - $65) * Number of Shares
Total gain = $5 * Number of Shares
To determine the number of shares Mr. Baldwin can purchase with his $9,000 investment, we divide the investment amount by the price per share:
Number of Shares = Investment Amount / Price per Share
Number of Shares = $9,000 / $65
Number of Shares ≈ 138.46
Total gain = $5 * 138.46
Total gain ≈ $692.30
Therefore, Mr. Baldwin's total gain from purchasing the stock and selling it after 1 year would be approximately $692.30.
b. If Mr. Baldwin purchases the warrants at $18 each and converts them to common stock in 1 year when the market price of common shares is $70, his total gain can be calculated as follows:
Total gain = (Market Price - Conversion Price) * Number of Shares - Warrant Cost
Total gain = ($70 - $61) * Number of Shares - Warrant Cost
Since each warrant allows the purchase of 4 shares of common stock, the number of shares obtained would be:
Number of Shares = Number of Warrants * Conversion Ratio
Number of Shares = 1 * 4
Number of Shares = 4
Total gain = ($70 - $61) * 4 - $18
Total gain = $36 - $18
Total gain = $18
Therefore, Mr. Baldwin's total gain from purchasing the warrants and converting them to common stock after 1 year would be $18.
c. Repeating parts a and b with a market price of $66 in 1 year would yield different results. However, the calculations can be done in a similar manner by substituting $66 as the market price in the respective formulas.
d. The two alternatives, investing in the common stock and investing in the warrants, offer different trade-offs.
Investing in the common stock provides a direct ownership stake in the company. The gain or loss depends on the price movement of the stock. The potential for gain is straightforward, but there is a higher initial investment required compared to the warrants. Investing in warrants allows leverage by providing the right to purchase more shares at a predetermined price. However, the warrants have an expiration date, and if the market price doesn't reach the conversion price, they may expire worthless. Warrants can offer higher potential returns if the stock price rises significantly, but they also carry higher risk.
Ultimately, the decision between the two alternatives depends on Mr. Baldwin's risk tolerance, investment objectives, and expectations for the future price movement of the stock. It's important for him to carefully consider the potential gains, associated risks, and expiration dates before making a decision.
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Cinque Company's stockholders require a return of 10%. The company' beta is 1.2 and the market risk premium is 5%. What must the Risk Free rate equal to satisfy investor requirements? a) 4% b) 3.25% c) 2.8% d) 6.15%
The Risk-Free rate must equal 4% to satisfy investor requirements. So, correct option is A.
To calculate the required return using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), we use the formula:
Required Return = Risk-Free rate + Beta * Market Risk Premium
Given that the beta is 1.2 and the market risk premium is 5%, we can substitute these values into the formula:
10% = Risk-Free rate + 1.2 * 5%
Rearranging the equation, we have:
Risk-Free rate = 10% - 1.2 * 5%
Risk-Free rate = 10% - 6%
Risk-Free rate = 4%
Therefore, the Risk-Free rate must equal 4% to satisfy the investors' requirement of a 10% return.
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CASE 2 A local supermarket had been charging $2.50 a pound for eggplant and selling 190 pounds a week. When it reduced the price to $2.00, eggplant sales rise to 200 pounds a week. A. Calculate the price elasticity of demand for eggplant. (7points)
The price elasticity of demand for eggplant is approximately -0.2311
To calculate the price elasticity of demand for eggplant we are able to use the formulation:
Price Elasticity of demand = ((Q2 - Q1) / ((Q1 + Q2) / 2)) / ((P2 - P1) / ((P1 + P2) / 2))
Wherein:
Q1 = initial quantity demanded Q2 = New quantity demanded P1 = initial rate P2 = New priceThe use of the given values we will plug them into the formulation:
Price Elasticity of demand = ((200 - 190) / ((190 + 200) / 2)) / (($2.00 - $2.50) / (($2.50 + $2.00) / 2))
Calculating the numerator first:
((200 - 190) / ((190 + 200) / 2)) = 10 / 195 = 0.0513
Calculating the denominator:
(($2.00 - $2.50) / (($2.50 + $2.00) / 2)) = (-$0.50) / $2.25 = -zero.2222
Now divide the numerator by way of the denominator:
0.0513 / -0.2222 ≈ -0.2311
The price elasticity of demand for eggplant is approximately -0.2311.
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Historical data suggests that a company has a 74% probability of reporting an annual earnings increase. Assuming that yearly observations are independent, what is the probability that you will observe exactly 6 increases in earnings over the next 10 years? Enter answer in percents, to two decimal places.
The company has a 74% probability of reporting an annual earnings increase. Assuming that yearly observations are independent, we want to calculate the probability that we will observe exactly 6 increases in earnings over the next 10 years.
Let X be the number of annual earnings increases over 10 years. Since each yearly observation is independent, X follows a binomial distribution with n = 10 and p = 0.74.
Therefore, P(X = 6) = (10 C 6) × (0.74)^6 × (1 - 0.74)^(10-6)≈ 0.0480× 100%≈ 4.80%
Therefore, the probability that we will observe exactly 6 increases in earnings over the next 10 years is about 4.80%.
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Please answer the following questions: In the case, is India upstream or downstream in the global value system? 1. 2. In the case, what specific value does the country offer to IKEA and other retailers? 3. Three long term options are available - which one would you chose and why? a. Ikea should deal with the issue with its supplier, Rangan, directly? b. Let Rugmark do it? C. Withdraw
The preferred option would depend on several factors, including the severity of the issue, the potential impact on IKEA's reputation, the feasibility of resolution, and the company's commitment to ethical practices. A comprehensive assessment of these factors would be necessary to make an informed decision.
Regarding the specific value that India offers to IKEA and other retailers, it would depend on the nature of the relationship and the products/services involved. However, India is known for its skilled labor force, particularly in sectors such as textiles, handicrafts, and furniture. It may offer competitive production costs, a diverse range of products, and potential sourcing opportunities for retailers like IKEA.
Regarding the three long-term options provided:
a. IKEA dealing with the issue directly with its supplier, Rangan: This option involves direct engagement between IKEA and its supplier to address the issue. It allows IKEA to have more control over the situation and potentially resolve the problem efficiently.
b. Letting Rugmark handle the issue: Rugmark is an organization focused on addressing child labor in the carpet industry. If the issue is related to child labor, involving Rugmark could provide specialized expertise and support in dealing with the issue effectively. This option demonstrates a commitment to ethical sourcing practices.
c. Withdrawing: Withdrawing from the supplier or market altogether may be seen as a drastic step. It could sever business ties, but it would also distance IKEA from any negative consequences associated with the issue. However, it may not address the underlying problem or contribute to long-term solutions.
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Two large charged plates of charge density ‡ 48 MC /m? face each other at a
separation of 2 mm. Choose coordinate axes so that both plates are parallel to
the xy plane, with the negatively charged plate located at z = 0 and the
positively charged plate at z = + 2 mm. Define potential so that potential
at z = 0 is zero (V (z = 0) = 0).
Hint
a. Find the electric potential at following values of z:
• potential at z = - 2 mm:
V(z = -2 mm) =
o potential at z = + 0.8 mm:
V(z = + 0.8 mm) =
o potential at z = + 2 mm:
V(z = + 2 mm) =
• potential at z = + 6 mm:
V[z = + 6 mm) =
To find the electric potential at different values of z, we can use the formula for electric potential due to a uniformly charged plate.
The electric potential at a point is given by:
V = (k * σ * z) / ε₀
Where:V is the electric potential
k is the electrostatic constant (9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C²)σ is the charge density of the plate (in C/m²)
z is the distance from the plateε₀ is the permittivity of free space (8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/Nm²)
Given:
Charge density (σ) = 48 MC/m² (convert to C/m²: 48 × 10⁶ C/m²)Separation between plates (z) = 2 mm = 2 × 10⁻³ m
Let's calculate the electric potential at different values of z:
1. Potential at z = -2 mm:
V(z = -2 mm) = (k * σ * z) / ε₀ = (9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² * 48 × 10⁶ C/m² * (-2 × 10⁻³ m)) / (8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/Nm²)
2. Potential at z = +0.8 mm:V(z = +0.8 mm) = (k * σ * z) / ε₀ = (9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² * 48 × 10⁶ C/m² * (0.8 × 10⁻³ m)) / (8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/Nm²)
3. Potential at z = +2 mm:
V(z = +2 mm) = (k * σ * z) / ε₀ = (9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² * 48 × 10⁶ C/m² * (2 × 10⁻³ m)) / (8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/Nm²)
4. Potential at z = +6 mm:V(z = +6 mm) = (k * σ * z) / ε₀ = (9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² * 48 × 10⁶ C/m² * (6 × 10⁻³ m)) / (8.85 × 10⁻¹² C²/Nm²)
Now, you can calculate the values using the given equations and the provided values.
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Identify and explain the purposes of the post-audit in the
capital budgeting process.
The post-audit is a process that occurs after the capital budgeting project is completed. The purpose of a post-audit is to identify if the capital budgeting project achieved the expected outcome.
A post-audit is a great way to assess whether the project was successful or failed, and provides feedback for the capital budgeting team to improve future projects.A post-audit also helps to identify any problems or issues that occurred during the project. This information can be used to make improvements to the capital budgeting process in the future.
The post-audit provides an opportunity to evaluate if the capital budgeting process was successful, whether the expected outcomes were achieved, and whether the financial goals were met. In addition, a post-audit helps to identify any lessons learned, and the capital budgeting team can use these lessons to improve future capital budgeting projects.
The post-audit is a critical part of the capital budgeting process because it provides a means of evaluating the success of the project. It helps to identify any problems or issues that occurred during the project and provides feedback to the capital budgeting team. This information can be used to make improvements to the capital budgeting process and future projects.
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The cost of the machine is $12,204. The CCA rate is 30%. After 8 years, the machine is sold for $1,098. If it is the only asset in the asset class and the tax rate is 32%, what is the TRTL? (Assume 150%-rule)
The Terminal Recapture Tax Liability (TRTL) is -$2,383.94. This indicates that there is a tax benefit due to the loss on the terminal disposition of the machine.
To calculate the Terminal Recapture Tax Liability (TRTL), determine the recaptured capital cost allowance (CCA) and the tax rate applicable to the recaptured amount. Here's how we can calculate it:
1. Calculate the CCA claimed over the 8 years:
CCA claimed = Cost of the machine * CCA rate
CCA claimed = $12,204 * 30% = $3,661.20
2. Determine the Undepreciated Capital Cost (UCC) at the end of the 8 years:
UCC = Cost of the machine - CCA claimed
UCC = $12,204 - $3,661.20 = $8,542.80
3. Calculate the Capital Gain (Loss) on the sale of the machine:
Capital Gain (Loss) = Proceeds from the sale - UCC
Capital Gain (Loss) = $1,098 - $8,542.80 = -$7,444.80 (Loss)
4. Determine the Recaptured CCA as the lesser of the Capital Gain (Loss) or the CCA claimed:
Recaptured CCA = min(Capital Gain (Loss), CCA claimed)
Recaptured CCA = min(-$7,444.80, $3,661.20) = -$7,444.80 (Loss)
5. Calculate the Terminal Recapture Tax Liability:
TRTL = Recaptured CCA * Tax Rate
TRTL = -$7,444.80 * 32% = -$2,383.94
Since the terminal recaptured CCA is a loss, the TRTL would also be a loss.
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For the next fiscal year, you forecast net income of $49,200 and ending assets of $503,500. Your firm's payout ratio is 10.7%. Your beginning stockholders' equity is $298,600, and your beginning total liabilities are $122,600. Your non-debt liabilities such as accounts payable are forecasted to increase by $10,200. Assume your beginning debt is $102,600. What amount of equity and what amount of debt would you need to issue to cover the net new financing in order to keep your debt-equity ratio constant? The amount of debt to issue will be $ (Round to the nearest dollar.)
To maintain a constant debt-equity ratio, the company needs to issue $321,500 in both equity and debt to cover the net new financing.
To keep the debt-equity ratio constant, the net new financing must be covered by issuing an equal amount of equity and debt. The net new financing can be calculated by subtracting the beginning total liabilities, non-debt liabilities increase, and net income from the ending assets.
Net new financing = Ending assets - Beginning total liabilities - Non-debt liabilities increase - Net income
Net new financing = $503,500 - $122,600 - $10,200 - $49,200
Net new financing = $321,500
Since the debt-equity ratio is constant, the amount of debt to issue will be equal to the net new financing, which is $321,500. Therefore, the amount of debt to issue is $321,500.
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In the mortgage constant calculation, what do the following
symbols mean?
MC-
PV-
i-
n-
In the mortgage constant calculation, the symbols represent the following:
MC - Mortgage Constant: It is the ratio of the annual debt service payment to the outstanding mortgage balance.
PV - Present Value: It represents the current value of the mortgage or loan.
i - Interest Rate: It is the rate at which interest is charged on the mortgage or loan.
n - Number of Periods: It denotes the total number of payment periods over which the mortgage or loan is repaid.
The mortgage constant calculation is a useful tool in real estate and finance for determining the annual debt service payment relative to the outstanding mortgage balance. Understanding the symbols involved in the calculation can help clarify their roles and significance:
MC - Mortgage Constant: The mortgage constant, denoted as MC, is a ratio that represents the annual debt service payment divided by the outstanding mortgage balance.
It provides a measure of the cash flow required to service the mortgage or loan on an annual basis. The mortgage constant is often used to compare different loan options or assess the affordability of a mortgage.
PV - Present Value: PV represents the present value of the mortgage or loan. It reflects the current worth of the cash flows associated with the loan. In the context of the mortgage constant calculation, the present value represents the initial loan amount or the principal balance at the start of the loan term.
i - Interest Rate: The interest rate, denoted as i, is the rate at which interest is charged on the mortgage or loan. It represents the cost of borrowing and is typically expressed as an annual percentage. The interest rate is a key factor in determining the amount of interest expense included in the annual debt service payment.
n - Number of Periods: The variable n signifies the total number of payment periods over which the mortgage or loan is repaid. It is usually measured in years but can also be expressed in other units, such as months or quarters, depending on the loan terms.
The number of periods determines the frequency and duration of the debt service payments.
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Suppose symmetric firms in Industry N exhibit economies of scale in production with the following cost and demand function, C=$500,000,000+$1,000× (Total industry sales / Number of firms) P=(1,000/ Number of firms )+$1000 The industry sales of Country E is $2,000,000 a. Compute the equilibrium number of firms and price in Industry N in Country E in the long run. (4 marks) b. Suppose that Country F has a market of industry sales of $2,500,000. Explain how consumers of Country E can benefit from a free trade with Country F. (4 marks) c. Explain how producers in Industry N in Country E are affected. (4 marks)
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a. In Country E, the equilibrium number of firms in Industry N in the long run is 500, and the equilibrium price is $2,500.
To find the equilibrium number of firms, we set the cost equal to the demand function and solve for the number of firms:
$500,000,000 + $1,000 × (2,000,000 / Number of firms) = (1,000 / Number of firms) + $1,000
By solving this equation, we find that the equilibrium number of firms is 500.
Substituting this equilibrium number of firms into the demand function, we can find the equilibrium price:
P = (1,000 / 500) + $1,000 = $2,500
b. benefit from free trade with Country F because it increases market size, leading to lower prices due to economies of scale. The expanded market allows for greater competition and variety of goods, providing consumer with more choices at potentially lower prices.
With free trade, Country E gains access to the larger market of Country F, increasing the total industry sales. This increase in market size allows firms in Industry N to achieve even greater economies of scale, leading to cost reductions. As a result, firms can lower prices to attract consumers in the expanded market. The increased competition between firms from both countries can also drive innovation and product improvement, further benefiting consumers in Country E.
c. Producers in Industry N in Country E may face both challenges and opportunities due to free trade with Country F. On one hand, they face increased competition from firms in Country F, which can put pressure on their market share and profitability.
With free trade, producers in Industry N in Country E have to compete with firms from Country F. This competition can lead to a loss of market share and potentially lower profits if they are unable to match the lower prices or compete effectively in terms of product quality and innovation.
On the other hand, free trade also presents opportunities for producers in Country E. The expanded market size resulting from trade with Country F allows for potential growth and economies of scale. If producers in Country E can adapt to the new competitive landscape, they can benefit from increased sales and potentially explore new export opportunities.
Overall, the impact on producers in Industry N in Country E will depend on their ability to respond to the challenges of increased competition and capitalize on the opportunities provided by the larger market.
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Developing a customer Strategy for a rolling medical bag of hoppins 1. Describe Who your prospect are income, Ise use demograpment, profession) educational attainment, 9 To Describe the typical buying. matives of your prospect for this product. 14. Describe the typical prospect as an individual Cor as a Company representative, if appropriate. going to D. How / where are identify the prospects of your prochuce?
The target prospects' demographics, buying motives, and preferred channels of engagement, a customer strategy can be developed to effectively reach and communicate the value proposition of the rolling medical bag of hoppins, addressing their specific needs and preferences.
1. Prospects for the rolling medical bag of hoppins may include medical professionals, healthcare organizations, and individuals who require medical supplies and equipment. The income level of prospects can vary depending on their profession and position within the healthcare industry. The target prospects' demographics may include both male and female prospects of various ages.
2. The typical buying motives of prospects for this product may revolve around the need for convenient and mobile medical equipment. Prospects may seek a rolling medical bag that offers ease of transportation, organization, and accessibility of medical supplies. Other motives may include the desire for durability, quality, and functionality of the bag to effectively support their medical practices or personal medical needs.
3. The typical prospect can be seen as an individual medical professional, such as a doctor, nurse, or paramedic, who requires a portable and reliable medical bag for their daily work. As an individual, their primary focus is on personal convenience, efficiency, and the ability to carry essential medical supplies. In some cases, prospects may also be representatives of healthcare organizations or medical facilities, who seek to equip their staff with suitable medical bags to enhance their operational capabilities.
4. Prospects for the rolling medical bag of hoppins can be identified through various channels and platforms. This may include targeting healthcare conferences, trade shows, and exhibitions where medical professionals gather. Online marketing and advertising can be employed through medical industry websites, forums, and social media platforms to reach a broader audience. Additionally, collaborations with medical supply distributors or partnerships with healthcare organizations can help identify prospects and promote the product to relevant target audiences.
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1.1 WHY STUDY ECONOMICS LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Identify three key reasons to study economics. Think of an example from your life in which understanding opportunity costs or the principle of efficient markets could make a difference in your decision making. 1.1 One of the scarce resources that constrain our behavior is time. Each of us has only 24 hours in a day. How do you go about allocating your time in a given day among competing alternatives? How do you go about weighing the alternatives? Once you choose a most important use of time, why do you not spend all your time on it? Use the notion of opportunity cost in your answer. 1.2 Every month, Frank pays an $80 membership fee at a fit- ness center so he can avail himself of the unlimited use of its facilities. On average, he goes to the center 10 times a month. What is the average cost of each trip he makes to the center? What is the marginal cost of an additional work-out session?
Some of the reasons to study economics are given below.
What are the reasons?Understanding economic principles aids people in comprehending news reports, making informed voting decisions, and comprehending both private and public decisions.
As a result, studying economics aids in the development of analytical abilities and critical thinking, as well as in the acquisition of tools and methods for analyzing data. Knowing economics can aid in making informed decisions that can have a significant impact on your life, including job choices, investing decisions, and understanding how the economy operates.An example from my life in which understanding opportunity costs can make a difference in decision-making would be deciding whether to go on a vacation or save money for a new car. If I choose to go on vacation, the opportunity cost would be the money that could have been saved for a car, whereas if I choose to save for a car, the opportunity cost would be not going on a vacation.1.2 Average cost of each trip he makes to the center is $8.
Marginal cost of an additional workout session would be zero since he has already paid $80 for unlimited use of the fitness center’s facilities.
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Rewrite the following sentences using transitions/conjunctive adverbs and a semicolon. Do not add/subtract words or change the meaning of the text. Please use: otherwise/however/consequently/moreover/ on the contrary. 1. If the government doesn't invest more money into public transit, the system will continue to be inefficient.
2. Widening roads seems like a solution to traffic reduction, but it doesn't seem to have any positive effects.
3. Even though we think money will bring us happiness, it never does.
4. We need to invest more money into public transit, and we need to make commuting by car seem unattractive.
5. I don't enjoy being stuck in traffic everyday, so I think I'll start taking public transit
The sentences have been successfully rephrased using the requested transitions and semicolons, thereby maintaining their original meaning.
The transitions/conjunctive adverbs have been strategically utilized to reinforce the context and coherence of the sentences, adding a more professional and organized tone to the statements.
The government must invest more money into public transit; otherwise, the system will continue to be inefficient. Widening roads seems like a solution to traffic reduction; however, it doesn't seem to have any positive effects. Even though we think money will bring us happiness; on the contrary, it never does. We need to invest more money into public transit; moreover, we need to make commuting by car seem unattractive. I don't enjoy being stuck in traffic every day; consequently, I think I'll start taking public transit.
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Undertake a SWOT and PESTLE analysis on McDonal's and use the
results to analyse the main e-commerce related opportunities and challenges it has
faced because of the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate how successfully it has
addressed these
Examine how the growth in sales and/or customer base has posed supply chain
challenges for McDonal's and the ways in which it has sought to
overcome these challenges in order to provide high levels of service and
fulfilment
Using your research, identify TWO (2) social media channels that McDonal's
uses to help develop its online communities. Explain the reasons why each of these
TWO (2) channels have been selected and the benefits they provide in terms of
achieving enhanced communication and interaction with these
communities.
Identify whether the McDonal's site has an SSL (Secure Sockets
Layer) certificate AND if its payment systems are PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry
Data Security Standard) compliant. Define the key characteristics of both features
and discuss how they can help customers to have confidence in the security of the ecommerce
site.
Using your research, identify and briefly describe TWO (2) features of McDonal's that you believe are particular strengths in terms of meeting the
needs and expectations of the site’s target audience(s), detailing the reasons for
your choice.
SWOT Analysis of McDonald's Strengths is one of the most well-known fast-food chains globally, with a large number of loyal customers. McDonald's has a large range of food items, including vegetarian and vegan options, as well as non-beef burgers.
The organization has a strong brand image and offers high-quality service to its consumers. The brand has also been successful in establishing a loyal fan base by sponsoring major sporting events and concerts. Weaknesses The food quality may be seen as subpar when compared to a sit-down restaurant, resulting in lower quality and lesser pricing. Since McDonald's is a franchise business, the level of control varies greatly between restaurants. Many people would argue that the food is unhealthy and does not provide much nutritional value.
Opportunities McDonald's may expand its product offerings in the future, including healthier food options and eco-friendly packaging. They may also provide better dining environments to increase their consumers' overall experience. Given the current trend in technology, McDonald's could launch an e-commerce service that allows customers to order and pay online. Threats Health concerns such as obesity and heart disease, as well as consumers' growing interest in eating healthily, could lead to lower sales of fast food.
Other fast-food chains may begin to provide a more sustainable and eco-friendly experience for their customers. COVID-19 could have a negative impact on the fast-food industry as a whole. PESTLE Analysis of McDonald's Political is subjected to government regulations and legislation that govern the operation of fast-food establishments. Economic The fast-food sector is often affected by economic fluctuations.
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Inventory management is critical to every organization.
Critically examine how organizations managed the relationships
between their suppliers and customers in relation to inventory.
Inventory management is critical to every organization. Critically examine how organizations managed the relationships between their suppliers and customers in relation to inventory.
What does it entail?Inventory management refers to the process of overseeing and controlling the flow of goods and services into and out of a business.
Effective inventory management is critical to the success of every organization. Organizations have managed the relationships between their suppliers and customers in relation to inventory in various ways.
Some of these ways include the following:
1. Collaboration between suppliers and customers
Collaboration between suppliers and customers is a critical aspect of effective inventory management. Organizations need to work closely with their suppliers to ensure that they have a reliable supply of goods and services. This can help to reduce the risk of stockouts and ensure that inventory is always available when needed.2. Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management
Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management is a technique that is used to minimize inventory levels. Organizations that use JIT inventory management only order goods and services as they are needed. This helps to reduce the cost of carrying inventory and ensures that the inventory is always up-to-date.3. Vendor-managed inventory (VMI)
Vendor-managed inventory (VMI) is a technique that is used by some organizations to manage their inventory. With VMI, the supplier takes responsibility for maintaining the inventory levels of their products.
This allows the customer to focus on their core business and reduces the risk of stockouts.
4. Electronic data interchange (EDI)
Electronic data interchange (EDI) is a computer-to-computer exchange of business documents in a standard electronic format between business partners.
EDI is used by some organizations to manage their inventory.
It allows suppliers to receive orders from their customers electronically, which can help to reduce lead times and improve the accuracy of orders.
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Following your explanation, your brother calms down a little bit and then asks you to estimate the expected return of his portfolio. You estimate that Treasury bills are paying 2.5% per annum and that the S&P500 index is expected to outperform Treasury Bills by 5% per annum.
3. Estimate the betas for Disney Ltd AND MGM Resorts International [express to two decimal places – eg. 2.56].
4. Estimate the beta AND the expected return of the diversified portfolio proposed by your brother [express beta and expected return to two decimal places – e.g. 2.56 and the expected return to two decimal place – e.g. 35.24%].
The estimated betas for Disney Ltd and MGM Resorts International are not provided in the question. Without the specific betas for these two companies, it is not possible to estimate their values.
As for the diversified portfolio proposed by your brother, we also need the weights of Disney Ltd and MGM Resorts International in the portfolio to calculate the overall beta and expected return. The beta of a portfolio is determined by the weighted average of the individual asset betas, taking into account their respective weights in the portfolio.
Once the betas of Disney Ltd and MGM Resorts International, as well as the portfolio weights, are known, we can calculate the portfolio's beta and expected return. The expected return of the portfolio can be estimated by adding the risk-free rate (2.5%) to the product of the portfolio's beta and the market risk premium (5%).
Without the required information, it is not possible to provide the exact values for the betas or expected return of the portfolio.
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Operational risks exposures, exposures, examples of potential
losses, and reasons to manage them?
Operational risk exposures encompass potential risks from internal processes, systems, and human factors, necessitating proactive management to mitigate adverse impacts.
Operational risk exposures refer to the various risks that can arise from a company's internal operations. These risks can stem from factors such as inadequate processes, system failures, human errors, or external events. It is crucial to manage these exposures effectively to minimize potential losses. Examples of potential losses include cyber attacks compromising sensitive data, fraudulent activities leading to financial losses, operational errors causing disruptions, supply chain disruptions impacting production, and business interruptions due to unforeseen events. By proactively managing operational risk exposures, organizations can protect their financial stability, safeguard their reputation, comply with regulations, and enhance overall operational efficiency and effectiveness.
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Net Present Value (NPV): Calculate the NPV for the property assuming your investment hurdle rate is 12%. Assume that you purchase a property for $200,000 and it generates annual cash flows of $30,000 in Years 1-3; and $45,000 in Years 4 & 5. You are able to sell it at the end of Year 5 for $500,000
The Net Present Value (NPV) of the property investment is considering an initial investment of $200,000 and cash flows of worth $30,000 in Years 1-3 and $45,000 in Years 4 & 5, along with a sale price of $500,000 at the end of Year 5, is -$69,176.35. This negative NPV further indicates that the investment does not meet the 12% hurdle rate and may not be considered profitable.
To calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of the property investment, we need to discount the cash flows at the hurdle rate of 12%. The NPV formula is:
NPV = CF1[tex]/(1+r)^1 + CF2/(1+r)^2 + ... + CFn/(1+r)^n[/tex] - Initial Investment
CF1 = Cash flow in Year 1 = $30,000
CF2 = Cash flow in Year 2 = $30,000
CF3 = Cash flow in Year 3 = $30,000
CF4 = Cash flow in Year 4 = $45,000
CF5 = Cash flow in Year 5 = $45,000
Initial Investment = $200,000
Hurdle rate (discount rate) = 12% = 0.12
Calculating the NPV:
NPV = [tex]$30,000/(1+0.12)^1 + $30,000/(1+0.12)^2 + $30,000/(1+0.12)^3 + $45,000/(1+0.12)^4 + $45,000/(1+0.12)^5 - $200,000[/tex]
Simplifying the calculations:
NPV = $26,785.71 + $23,899.53 + $21,338.28 + $31,625.23 + $28,174.90 - $200,000
NPV = $130,823.65 - $200,000
NPV = -$69,176.35
The NPV of the property investment is -$69,176.35. Since the NPV is negative, it suggests that the investment is not meeting the 12% hurdle rate and may not be a profitable venture.
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Bochm Corporation has had stable earnings growth of 8% a year for the past 10 years and
in 2016 Boehm paid dividends of $2.6 million on net income of $9.8 million. Howeven,
in 2017 carnings are expected to jump to $12.6 million, and Boehm plans to invest
57.3 million in a plant expansion. This one-time unusual earnings growth won't be
mainlalned, though, and after 2017 Bochm will return to Its previous 8% earnings gront
rate. Its target debt ratio is 35%.
2. Calculate Boehm's total dividends for 2017 under each of the following policies:
(7) Its 2017 dividend payment is set to force dividends to grow at the long-tun
growth rate in earnings.
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Chapter 14 Distributions to Shareholders: Dividends and Repurchases
603
(2) It continues the 2016 dividend payout ratio.
(3) It uses a pure residual policy with all distributions in the form of dividends (35%
of the $7.3 million investment is financed with debt).
(4) It employs a regular-dividend-plus-extras policy, with the regular dividend being
based on the long-run growth rate and the extra dividend being set according to
the residual policy.
Total dividends for 2017 under the policy of forcing dividends to grow at the long-run growth rate: approximately $2.808 million. Total dividends for 2017 under the pure residual policy: Not possible as earnings do not cover the planned investment. Total dividends for 2017 under the regular-dividend-plus-extras policy: approximately $12.6 million.
To calculate Boehm Corporation's total dividends for 2017 under each of the given policies, we'll follow the provided information and apply the respective dividend policies.
Stable earnings growth of 8% per year for the past 10 years.
Dividends paid in 2016: $2.6 million on net income of $9.8 million.
Earnings in 2017 are expected to be $12.6 million.
Planned investment in plant expansion in 2017: $57.3 million.
Target debt ratio: 35%.
Dividend payment set to force dividends to grow at the long-run growth rate in earnings:
Under this policy, the dividends will grow at the long-run growth rate of 8%. Therefore, the total dividends for 2017 can be calculated as follows:
Dividends in 2017 = Dividends in 2016 * (1 + Long-run growth rate)
Dividends in 2017 = $2.6 million * (1 + 8%)
Dividends in 2017 = $2.6 million * 1.08
Dividends in 2017 ≈ $2.808 million
Continuing the 2016 dividend payout ratio:
To calculate the total dividends for 2017 using this policy, we need the dividend payout ratio from 2016. Unfortunately, the provided information does not include the dividend payout ratio. Without this ratio, we cannot calculate the dividends for 2017 using this policy.
Pure residual policy with all distributions in the form of dividends (35% of the $57.3 million investment financed with debt):
Under this policy, the total dividends for 2017 will be determined based on the residual amount after financing the planned investment. The residual amount can be calculated as follows:
Residual Amount = Earnings in 2017 - (Investment * (1 - Debt Ratio))
Residual Amount = $12.6 million - ($57.3 million * (1 - 0.35))
Residual Amount ≈ $12.6 million - $37.245 million
Residual Amount ≈ $-24.645 million (Negative residual indicates that there are not enough earnings to cover the investment under this policy)
Since the residual amount is negative, it implies that under this policy, Boehm Corporation does not have sufficient earnings to cover the planned investment, and therefore, no dividends can be paid.
Regular-dividend-plus-extras policy, with the regular dividend based on the long-run growth rate and the extra dividend set according to the residual policy:
The regular dividend can be calculated using the long-run growth rate in earnings:
Regular Dividend = Dividends in 2016 * (1 + Long-run growth rate)
Regular Dividend = $2.6 million * (1 + 8%)
Regular Dividend = $2.6 million * 1.08
Regular Dividend ≈ $2.808 million
The extra dividend will be the residual amount after subtracting the regular dividend:
Extra Dividend = Earnings in 2017 - Regular Dividend
Extra Dividend = $12.6 million - $2.808 million
Extra Dividend ≈ $9.792 million
Therefore, under the regular-dividend-plus-extras policy, the total dividends for 2017 will be the sum of the regular dividend and the extra dividend:
Total Dividends for 2017 = Regular Dividend + Extra Dividend
Total Dividends for 2017 ≈ $2.808 million + $9.792 million
Total Dividends for 2017 ≈ $12.6 million
To summarize:
Total dividends for 2017 under the policy of forcing dividends to grow at the long-run growth rate: approximately $2.808 million.
Total dividends for 2017 under the pure residual policy: Not possible as earnings do not cover the planned investment.
Total dividends for 2017 under the regular-dividend-plus-extras policy: approximately $12.6 million.
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Workforce planning is a long-term process of planning and measuring results. what is one challenge that this creates for many organizations?
One challenge that workforce planning creates for many organizations is the uncertainty and unpredictability of future market conditions and business needs.
Workforce planning involves forecasting and anticipating future workforce requirements based on the organization's strategic goals and objectives. However, accurately predicting future market conditions, technological advancements, and customer demands can be challenging. T
his creates uncertainty for organizations when it comes to determining the exact skills, competencies, and numbers of employees needed to meet future demands.
The dynamic nature of business environments, changing industry trends, and unexpected events such as economic downturns or disruptive innovations can significantly impact workforce planning efforts.
Organizations must constantly adapt their workforce plans to align with evolving business conditions, which requires agility and flexibility in adjusting recruitment, training, and talent management strategies.
Failure to effectively address these uncertainties can lead to imbalances in workforce supply and demand, resulting in either a shortage or surplus of skilled workers.
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The Walt Disney Company: Its Diversification Strategy in 2020 John E. Gamble Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi
1. If you are Bob Chapek, what would be your primary concerns and how would you strategize for the future?
As Bob Chapek, my primary concerns would be managing diversification, leveraging the Disney brand, embracing digital transformation, adapting to market changes, and prioritizing customer satisfaction for future success.
To strategize for the future, I would focus on the following key aspects:
First, I would prioritize leveraging Disney's strong brand and intellectual properties across various business segments to maximize revenue streams. This could involve expanding into new markets and exploring partnerships or acquisitions that align with our core competencies.
Second, I would emphasize digital transformation and innovation to adapt to evolving consumer preferences and technological advancements. This may include investing in streaming services like Disney+, enhancing the company's online presence, and integrating technology into theme park experiences to enhance guest engagement.
Third, I would closely monitor and adapt to changes in the competitive landscape, including the rise of new players in the entertainment industry and the impact of disruptive technologies. This could involve fostering strategic alliances, investing in content creation, and continuously improving operational efficiencies to stay ahead.
Additionally, I would prioritize customer satisfaction and experience across all touchpoints. This would involve focusing on personalized and immersive experiences, enhancing customer engagement through data-driven insights, and maintaining high-quality content and service standards.
Overall, my strategy as Bob Chapek would revolve around leveraging Disney's strengths, embracing digital transformation, adapting to market changes, and prioritizing customer satisfaction to ensure the company's long-term success and growth.
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You have just deposited X dollars in your bank account that pays interest of 7 percent p.a. You discover that at the end of one year you have $ 16,855 in the account. What was X, that is, the amount of money that you deposited today? (Record your answer without a dollar sign, without commas and round your answer to 2 decimal places; that is, record $3,245.847 as 3245.85).
The amount you deposited today, X, is $15,700.You have just deposited X dollars in your bank account that pays interest of 7 percent p.a. You discover that at the end of one year you have $ 16,855 in the account.
To find X, we need to solve the equation for compound interest : A = P(1 + r/n)⁽ⁿᵗ⁾, where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount (X in this case), r is the interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years. Plugging in the given values: 16,855 = X(1 + 0.07/1)⁽¹*¹⁾. Solving this equation gives X ≈ $15,700.
To calculate the amount of money that was deposited today (X), we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:A = Final amount in the account after one year ($16,855 in this case)
P = Principal amount (the amount deposited today, which we need to find)r = Annual interest rate (7% or 0.07 in decimal form)
n = Number of times interest is compounded per year (assuming once per year, so n = 1)t = Number of years (1 year in this case)
Plugging in the given values, we have:
16,855 = X(1 + 0.07/1)^(1*1)
Simplifying the equation:
16,855 = X(1 + 0.07)^1
16,855 = X(1.07)
To isolate X, we divide both sides of the equation by 1.07:
X = 16,855 / 1.07
Calculating this expression gives us:
X ≈ $15,700 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Therefore, the amount of money that was deposited today (X) is approximately $15,700.
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4.) A town is going to hire a firm to build a new bridge. Suppose n firms are submitting a bid to build this bridge. Your cost of providing the service is c. All of the firms will submit sealed bids. then town will look at the bids and select the lowest bid but pay to the lowest bidder a price equal to the price bid by the second lowest bidder . show that the bidding c is a weekly dominant strategy.
Bidding c is a weakly dominant strategy in this scenario. This means that regardless of what other firms bid, a firm's best option is to bid c.This ensures that the firm will not incur losses and has a chance of winning the bid.
Bidding c as a weakly dominant strategy can be demonstrated by analyzing the possible outcomes of the bidding process. If a firm bids higher than c, it risks losing the bid and receiving no payment. If a firm bids lower than c, it may win the bid, but the payment will be equal to the bid of the second lowest bidder, which could be higher than c.
By bidding c, the firm ensures that it will at least receive a payment equal to its cost of providing the service. Bidding lower than c carries the risk of receiving a lower payment, while bidding higher than c may result in not being selected at all.
Therefore, bidding c is the safest and most rational choice for the firm, as it guarantees a minimum payment and minimizes the potential for losses or lower-than-expected returns.
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