An alien civilization occupies a planet circling a brown dwarf, several light-years away. The plane of the planet's orbit is perpendicular to a line from the brown dwarf to the Sun, so the planet is at nearly a fixed position relative to the Sun. The extraterrestrials have come to love broadcasts of MacGyver, on television channel 2, at carrier frequency 150. MHz. Their line of sight to us is in the plane of the Earth's orbit. Find the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies they receive due to the Earth's orbital motion around the Sun. (Assume the Earth has a mass of 1.99 1030 kg, and has a circular orbit around the Sun of radius 1.496 1011 m.)

Answer:

a) 2250 J

b) 0 J

c) 2250 J

Explanation:

a) Since, the process is isochoric

the change in internal energy

[tex]\Delta U = n C_v(T_f-T_i)[/tex]

Here, n = 0.2 moles

Cv = 12.5 J/mole.K

We have to find T_f so we can use gas equation as

[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{P_2V_2} =\frac{T_i}{T_f}\\Since, V_1=V_2 [isochoric/process]\\\Rightarrow \frac{P_{atm}}{4P_{atm}} = \frac{300}{T_f} \\\Rightarrow T_f = 1200 K[/tex]

So,  [tex]\Delta U= 0.2\times12.5(1200-300)\\=2250 J[/tex]

b) Since, the process is isochoric no work shall be done.

c) By first law of thermodynamics we have

[tex]\Delta U = Q-W\\Since, W = 0\\\Delta U = Q\\Therefore, Q = 2250 J[/tex]

Since, Q is positive 2250 J of heat will flow into the system.

Answer:

Drink water

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Answer:

19.9 N/m

Explanation:

From the question,

Applying Hook's law

F = Ke.................. Equation 1

Where F = Force on the spring, k = spring constant, e = extension

But the force on the spring is the weight of the mass

Therefore,

mg = ke.................. Equation 2

Where m = mass. g = acceleration due to gravity

make e the subject of the equation

e = mg/e................ Equation 3

Given: m = 455 g = 0.455 kg, e = 22.4 cm = 0.224 m,

Constant: g = 9.8 m/s²

Substitute these values into equation 3

e = (0.455×9.8)/0.224

e = 19.9 N/m

The spring constant of the given spring is 20 N/m.

The given parameters:

The spring constant is calculated by applying Hooke's law as follows;

[tex]F = kx\\\\mg = kx\\\\k = \frac{mg}{x} \\\\k = \frac{0.455 \times 9.8}{0.224} \\\\k = 20 \ N/m[/tex]

Thus, the spring constant of the spring is 20 N/m.

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Answer:

The sum of an object's potential and kinetic energies is called the object's mechanical energy. As an object falls its potential energy decreases, while its kinetic energy increases. The decrease in potential energy is exactly equal to the increase in kinetic energy.

Explanation:

Answer:

the potential decrease and kinetic increase

Explanation:

because it goes from a state of rest to a state of movement

Answer:

   v₀ = 60.38 mi / h

With this stopping distance, the starting speed should have been 60.38 mi/h, which is much higher than the maximum speed allowed.

Explanation:

For this exercise let's start by using Newton's second law

Y axis

        N-W = 0

        N = W

X axis

         fr = m a

the expression for the friction force is

         fr = μ N

we substitute

        μ mg = m a

        μ g = a

calculate us

         a = 0.620  9.8

         a = 6.076 m / s²

now we can use the kinematics relations

          v² = v₀² - 2 a x

suppose v = 0

          v₀ = [tex]\sqrt{2ax}[/tex]Ra 2ax

let's calculate

         v₀ = [tex]\sqrt{2 \ 6076 \ 60}[/tex]

         v₀ = 27.00 m / s

let's slow down to the english system

          v₀ = 27.0 m / s (3.28 ft / 1m) (1 mile / 5280 ft) (3600s / 1h)

          v₀ = 60.38 mi / h

With this stopping distance, the starting speed should have been 60.38 mi/h, which is much higher than the maximum speed allowed.

Answer:

DNA ligase

Explanation:

DNA Ligase is the enzyme that binds fragments of DNA together by forming two phosphodiester bonds between the 3' hydroxyl end of one nucleotide with the 5' phosphate end of the other. This reaction requires the hydrolysis of ATP.

Answer:

[tex]0.629\ \text{rad/s}^2[/tex] counterclockwise

[tex]9.98\ \text{s}[/tex]

Explanation:

[tex]r_1[/tex] = Small drive wheel radius = 2.2 cm

[tex]\alpha_1[/tex] = Angular acceleration of the small drive wheel = [tex]8\ \text{rad/s}^2[/tex]

[tex]r_2[/tex] = Radius of pottery wheel = 28 cm

[tex]\alpha_2[/tex] = Angular acceleration of pottery wheel

As the linear acceleration of the system is conserved we have

[tex]r_1\alpha_1=r_2\alpha_2\\\Rightarrow \alpha_2=\dfrac{r_1\alpha_1}{r_2}\\\Rightarrow \alpha_2=\dfrac{2.2\times 8}{28}\\\Rightarrow \alpha_2=0.629\ \text{rad/s}^2[/tex]

The angular acceleration of the pottery wheel is [tex]0.629\ \text{rad/s}^2[/tex].

The rubber drive wheel is rotating in clockwise direction so the pottery wheel will rotate counterclockwise.

[tex]\omega_i[/tex] = Initial angular velocity = 0

[tex]\omega_f[/tex] = Final angular velocity = [tex]60\ \text{rpm}\times \dfrac{2\pi}{60}=6.28\ \text{rad/s}[/tex]

t = Time taken

From the kinematic equations of linear motion we have

[tex]\omega_f=\omega_i+\alpha_2t\\\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{\omega_f-\omega_i}{\alpha_2}\\\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{6.28-0}{0.629}\\\Rightarrow t=9.98\ \text{s}[/tex]

The time it takes the pottery wheel to reach the required speed is [tex]9.98\ \text{s}[/tex]

Answer:

i think is c

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

C makes more sense than D, Because it says the minimum value is when it stays at rest.

Answer:

a)    I= I₀ (cos²θ - cos⁴θ)    b) 75.5º

Explanation:

a) For this exercise we must use Malus's law

         I = I₀ cos² θ

where tea is the angle between the two polarizers.

We apply this expression to our case

* Polarizer 1 suppose that it is vertical and polarizer 2 (intermediate) is at an angle θ with respect to the vertical

         I₁ = I₀ cos² θ

* We analyze for the polarity 2 and the last polarizer 3 which indicate that it must be at 90º from the first one, therefore it must be horizontal.

The angle of polarizers 2 and 3 is θ' measured from the horizontal, if we measure with respect to the vertical

              θ₂ = 90- θ’ = θ

fiate that in the exercise we must take a reference system and measure everything with respect to this system.

          I = I₁ cos² θ'

we substitute

         I = (I₀ cos² tea) cos² (θ - 90)

        cos (θ -90) = cos θ cos 90 + sin θ sin 90 = sin θ

         I = Io cos² θ sin² θ

        1= cos²θ+ sin²θ

       sin²θ = 1 - cos²θ

        I= I₀ (cos²θ - cos⁴θ)

b) to find when the intensity is maximum,

we can use that we have an extreme point when the drift is zero

          [tex]\frac{dI}{d \theta}[/tex] = 0

          \frac{dI}{d \theta}= Io (2 cos θ - 4 cos³θ) = 0

whereby

            cos θ - 2 cos³ θ = 0

            cos θ ( 1 - 2 cos² θ) = 0  

The zeros of this function are in

           θ = 90º

           1-2cos²θ =0       cos θ = 0.25  θ =  75.5º

Let's analyze this two results for the angle of 90º the intnesidd is zero with respect to the first polarizer, so it is not an acceptable solution.

Consequently, the angle that allows the maximum intensity to pass is 75.5º

Answer:the wave lengths are shorter and faster

Explanation:

Plato

From the diagram, the fossil of fish is considered the oldest fossil. Because the oldest fossils are formed at the bottom whereas the others are at the top of the soil.

When living organisms like plants, animals, and human beings are died, their  bodies get buried in the form of sediments in the sand, rock water bodies, etc..,

It also includes the preserved remains of life for more than 10,000 years. It is the preserved remains, sediments, and impressions to trace the life of the organisms and their behavior.

When living organisms died and are buried in sand or mud, the tissues of living organisms get decomposed leaving the bones which is harder. After the organisms are buried in the sand or mud, several sediments, and sand was built over the top of the buried organisms.

These sand and sediments over the buried organisms eventually form the layer of rocks. This is how fossils are made and these fossils were identified when the rocks were broken or by cause of soil erosion.

The age of the fossils was identified by the stacks of layered rocks with the help of the superposition principle. The oldest fossils are present at the bottom of the rocks whereas the youngest fossils are present at the top of the rocks. This process is called Relative dating.

Hence, from the given diagram the fossil of fish is present at the bottom of the rock unlike the others fossils like monkeys and lizard. Thus, the oldest fossil is fish and the youngest one is a monkey.

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Answer:

The first answer is correct.  All of the other options include sound, which travels by material force, and can not be transmitted in a vacuum.  Infra-red, radio, and microwaves are all different frequencies of light, and can thus travel through a vacuum.

Answer:

The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the net force acting upon the object, and inversely upon the mass of the object. As the force acting upon an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is increased. As the mass of an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is decreased.

Explanation:

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Answer:

1. Rₑq = 4 Ω

2. R₂ = 6 Ω

3. Vₜ = 12 V, V₁ = 12 V, V₂ = 12 V

4. Iₜ = 3 A, I₁ = 1 A, I₂ = 2 A

Explanation:

1. Determination of the equivalent resistance

Voltage (V) = 12 V

Current (I) = 3 A

Resistance (Rₑq) =?

V= IRₑq

12 = 3 × Rₑq

Divide both side by 3

Rₑq = 12 / 3

Rₑq = 4 Ω

Thus, the equivalent resistance (Rₑq) = 4 Ω

2. Determination of R₂.

Equivalent resistance (Rₑq) = 4 Ω

Resistance 1 (R₁) = 12 Ω

Resistance 2 (R₂)

Since the resistor are in parallel arrangement, the value of R₂ can be obtained as follow:

Rₑq = R₁ × R₂ / R₁ + R₂

4 = 12 × R₂ / 12 + R₂

Cross multiply

4(12 + R₂) = 12R₂

48 + 4R₂ = 12R₂

Collect like terms

48 = 12R₂ – 4R₂

48 = 8R₂

Divide both side by 8

R₂ = 48 / 8

R₂ = 6 Ω

3. Determination of the total voltage (Vₜ), V₁ and V₂.

From the question given above, the total voltage is 12 V

Since the resistors are arranged in parallel connection, the same voltage will go through them.

Thus,

Vₜ = V₁ = V₂ = 12 V

4. Determination of the total current (Iₜ), I₁ and I₂

From the question given above, the total current (Iₜ) is 3 A

Next, we shall determine I₁. Since the resistors are arranged in parallel connection, different current will pass through each resistor respective.

Vₜ = V₁ = 12 V

R₁ = 12 Ω

I₁ =?

V₁ = I₁R₁

12 = I₁ ×12

Divide both side by 12

I₁ = 12 / 12

I₁ = 1 A

Next, we shall determine I₂. This can be obtained as follow:

Iₜ = 3 A

I₁ = 1 A

I₂ =?

Iₜ = I₁ + I₂

3 = 1 + I₂

Collect like terms

I₂ = 3 – 1

I₂ = 2 A

Answer:

the stopping distance is greater than the free length of the track, the vehicle leaves the track before it can brake

Explanation:

This problem can be solved using the kinematics relations, let's start by finding the final velocity of the acceleration period

          v² = v₀² + 2 a₁ x

indicate that the initial velocity is zero

          v² = 2 a₁ x

let's calculate

          v = [tex]\sqrt {2 \ 15.0 \ 645}[/tex]

          v = 143.666 m / s

now for the second interval let's find the distance it takes to stop

          v₂² = v² - 2 a₂ x₂

in this part the final velocity is zero (v₂ = 0)

         0 = v² - 2 a₂ x₂

         x₂ = v² / 2a₂

let's calculate

         x₂ = [tex]\frac{ 143.666^2 }{2 \ 18.2}[/tex]

         x₂ = 573 m

as the stopping distance is greater than the free length of the track, the vehicle leaves the track before it can brake

Answer:

The formula is dimensionally correct.

Explanation:

Given

[tex]s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

Required

Prove its correctness

Write out the dimension of each:

[tex]s = M^0LT^0[/tex] --- displacement

[tex]ut = M^0LT^{-1} * T[/tex] --- velocity * time

[tex]\frac{1}{2}at^2 = M^0LT^{-2} * T^2[/tex] --- acceleration * square of time

The expression becomes:

[tex]s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

[tex]M^0LT^0 = M^0LT^{-1} * T + M^0LT^{-2} * T^2[/tex]

Apply law of indices

[tex]M^0LT^0 = M^0LT^{-1+1} + M^0LT^{-2+2}[/tex]

[tex]M^0LT^0 = M^0LT^{0} + M^0LT^{0}[/tex]

[tex]M^0LT^0 = M^0LT^{0}[/tex]

Both sides of the equation are equal

cold, dry, and stable air masses .

Answer:

Instantaneous velocity  [tex]= 20[/tex] meter per second

Instantaneous acceleration  [tex]= 6[/tex] meter per second square

Explanation:

Given equation of distance X = [tex]2t+3t^2[/tex]

Instantaneous velocity [tex]= \frac{dX}{dt}[/tex]  [tex]= 2 + 6 t[/tex]

Substituting the value of t = 3 seconds, we get -

[tex]\frac{dX}{dt} = 2 + 6*3 = 20[/tex] meter per second

Instantaneous acceleration  [tex]= \frac{d^2X}{dt^2}[/tex]  [tex]= 6[/tex] meter per second square

Answer:

A. I = V / R = 12 / 252 = .048 amps

V = I * R = .048 * 252 = 12 V

V is also the reading the voltage across the battery (12 Volts)

Answer:

Option D: 1

Explanation:

The chemical equation given is;

2NaCl = 2Na + XCl2

We want to find the value of X.

On the left hand side, we can see we have 2 moles of both Na and Cl.

On the right hand side, we can see that we have 2 moles of Na and also 2 moles of Cl. Thus, the equation is balanced and as such X = 1

Answer:

100 milliliters

Explanation:

Answer:

correct answer is C

Explanation:

In this exercise, you are asked to complete the sentences so that the sentence makes sense.

1) in projectile launching, the only force that acts is gravity in the vertical direction, so the time of going up is EQUAL to the time of going down

correct answer C

2) when a body falls freely, the acceleration is the ratio of gravity, therefore if it starts from rest, its height is

            y = v₀ t - ½ gt²

v₀ = 0

             y = -1/2 g t²

so the position is not proportional to the square of the time

correct answer is C

Explanation:

When there is a high frequency sound the speed of the vibrations is faster and makes a high pitch sound. When there is a low frequency sound the speed of the vibrations is slower and makes a lower pitch sound.

Answer:

2000 N.

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Load (L) = 8000 N

Mechanical advantage (MA) = 4

Effort (E) =?

The mechanical advantage of a machine is simply defined as:

Mechanical advantage = Load / Effort

MA = L / E

With the above formula, we can obtain the effort used to raise the load of 8000 N as follow:

Load (L) = 8000 N

Mechanical advantage (MA) = 4

Effort (E) =?

MA = L / E

4 = 8000 / E

Cross multiply

4 × E = 8000

Divide both side by 4

E = 8000 / 4

E = 2000 N

Thus, the effort used to raised the load is 2000 N.

Answer:

if you have a rotating electric current it will create a magnetic field on earth flowing of liquid metal in the outer core of the planets General Health recurrence the rotation of earth on its Axis causes this electric current to form a magnetic field which extends around the planet.

Explanation:. please give me brainlest

Answer:

[tex]5.896\times 10^{-7}\ \text{m}[/tex]

Explanation:

D = Distance of the screen from the light source = 2.2 m

d = Distance between slits = 0.46 mm

m = Order

Distance between adjacent bright fringes is 2.82 m

[tex]y_{m+1}-y_m=2.82\ \text{mm}\\\Rightarrow \dfrac{D(m+1)\lambda}{d}-\dfrac{Dm\lambda}{d}=2.82\times 10^{-3}\\\Rightarrow \dfrac{D\lambda}{d}(m+1-m)=2.82\times 10^{-3}\\\Rightarrow \lambda=\dfrac{d}{D}2.82\times 10^{-3}\\\Rightarrow \lambda=\dfrac{0.46\times 10^{-3}\times 2.82\times 10^{-3}}{2.2}\\\Rightarrow \lambda=5.896\times 10^{-7}\ \text{m}[/tex]

The wavelength of the light that falls on the slits is [tex]5.896\times 10^{-7}\ \text{m}[/tex].

Answer:

D. the net heat flow is zero

Explanation:

In one cycle of any heat engine, three things happen:

[tex]Q_H = W + Q_C[/tex]

Conclusively, the net heat flow is zero

Answer:

C

Explanation:

if you measure your body's flexibility then you can keep track of how flexible you have gotten over time