american philosopher james rachels suggested at least three values are universal and had a rule against

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Answer 1

American philosopher James Rachels suggested at least three values that are universal and had a rule against cultural relativism.

The values he suggested were: The Golden Rule: Also known as the "ethic of reciprocity," the Golden Rule is the idea that we should treat others the way we would want to be treated. This value is universal and is found in almost every culture throughout history.

Respect for Human Life: Rachels also suggested that all cultures have a basic respect for human life. This value is reflected in laws against murder, assault, and other forms of violence.

Truth-Telling: Finally, Rachels suggested that all cultures have some form of truth-telling or honesty. This value is reflected in the importance placed on telling the truth, keeping promises, and being honest with others.

James Rachels had a rule against cultural relativism. Cultural relativism is the idea that what is considered right or wrong, good or bad, depends on the culture in which it is being judged. Rachels was critical of this idea because it suggests that moral standards are completely subjective and there is no way to judge between different cultures or even within the same culture over time. Instead, Rachels believed that there are certain universal values that can be used to judge moral standards across cultures.

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Related Questions

what was the first segment of american society to desegregate

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The first segment of American society to desegregate was the military.

Desegregation refers to the procedure of ending the separation of two or more groups, normally related to terms of race, gender, religion, or ethnicity. The word is commonly used in reference to the ending of discrimination in the United States with regards to racial segregation, but it has broader meanings with regards to ending discrimination based on other criteria.

Desegregation can be accomplished by either physical elimination of segregation, or by legally preventing companies and organizations from discriminating.

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What was the greatest fear of the anti-federalists during the constitutional convention and subsequent debate?

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The greatest fear of the Anti-Federalists during the Constitutional Convention and subsequent debate was the potential for an excessively powerful central government and the erosion of individual liberties.

The Anti-Federalists were a group of individuals who opposed the ratification of the United States Constitution in its original form. They believed that the proposed Constitution granted too much power to the federal government at the expense of the rights and sovereignty of the states and the people.

The Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution did not include a Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the right to bear arms. They feared that without explicit protections, the federal government could become tyrannical and infringe upon the rights of citizens. They argued that a strong central government could lead to a loss of local control, an expansion of federal power, and a lack of direct representation for the common people.

To address these concerns, the Anti-Federalists pushed for the addition of a Bill of Rights to the Constitution, which would explicitly enumerate and safeguard individual rights. Their fears and objections ultimately played a significant role in the adoption of the Bill of Rights, which was added to the Constitution shortly after its ratification. The Bill of Rights helped alleviate some of the concerns raised by the Anti-Federalists by placing limits on the powers of the federal government and protecting individual freedoms.

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which of the following did not challenge the mass conformity of the 1950s

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Among the options provided, the Civil Rights Movement did not directly challenge the mass conformity of the 1950s.

The Civil Rights Movement primarily aimed to address racial inequality and secure equal rights and opportunities for African Americans. While it challenged the existing social and political order by advocating for desegregation and equal rights, its focus was not specifically on challenging mass conformity.

Many in the 1950s strove for the comfort and conformity depicted on such TV shows as Father Knows Best and Leave It to Beaver. But despite the emerging affluence of the new American middle class, there was poverty, racism, and alienation in America that was rarely depicted on TV. The common enemies of the Soviet Union and the federal government.

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Among the options provided, the Civil Rights Movement did not directly challenge the mass conformity of the 1950s.

The Civil Rights Movement primarily aimed to address racial inequality and secure equal rights and opportunities for African Americans. While it challenged the existing social and political order by advocating for desegregation and equal rights, its focus was not specifically on challenging mass conformity.

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the object discrimination problem is an otherwise easy task that becomes difficult to perform if you have damage to which lobe?

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The object discrimination problem is an otherwise easy task that becomes difficult to perform if you have damage to the parietal lobe.

Object discrimination is an individual's ability to differentiate between various objects. It's a critical ability that helps us recognize what objects we're seeing, even if we've never seen them before. Object discrimination is a vital component of the visual system and involves recognizing objects and creating visual memories. The parietal lobe The parietal lobe is a brain region that is responsible for a variety of functions, including sensory input integration, attention, and spatial awareness.

The parietal lobe is essential in spatial orientation, especially in the perception of stimuli in the environment, as well as the processing of tactile sensory input from all over the body. The parietal lobe plays a role in the processing of sensory data received from the body's skin, such as temperature, pressure, and pain. The parietal lobe, specifically the right parietal lobe, is crucial for object discrimination. Damage to the parietal lobe can lead to a variety of issues, including problems with visual and spatial perception.

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Which three factors contributed to the United States transforming from an ally of the Soviet Union in World War II into a rival of the Soviet Union in the Cold War?

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Answer:Ideological Differences,Strategic and Geopolitical Interests,Nuclear Arms Race

Explanation:

The map above indicates that

(A) Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade

(B) slavery existed in the western Sudan

(C) Europeans had begun to make inroads in West Africa

(D) Mali remained isolated from Europe and the Middle East

(E) Atlantic ports were crucial for the transportation of salt and gold

A

Answers

"Mali was a major source and hub of the gold trade", as indicated by the locations of gold mines and trade routes connecting Mali to various regions. Option A is correct.

The map provides evidence for this answer because it shows the distribution of gold mines and trade routes in West Africa during the time of the Mali Empire. The map highlights the importance of Mali as a major source of gold, with gold mines concentrated in the southern part of the empire. The map also depicts the trade routes that connected Mali to other regions, indicating its role as a hub for the gold trade.

Additionally, historical records support this answer. The Mali Empire, which existed from the 13th to the 16th centuries, was renowned for its wealth and control over gold mines. The empire's rulers, such as Mansa Musa, gained immense wealth through the gold trade and used it to develop cities like Timbuktu, which became centers of learning and culture.

In conclusion, the map and historical records demonstrate that Mali was indeed a major source and hub of the gold trade during the time of the Mali Empire.

Option A holds true.

The complete question:

A map titled "Fourteenth-Century North and West Africa" is shown. It marks the trade routes connecting Awlil, Mali, Taghaza, Marrakesh, Fez, Gao, Timbuktu, Taodemi, Kumbi Saleh, Jenne, Niani, Kano, Agades, Tunis, Ghadames, Tripoli, Bilma, and Ghat to Egypt. It marks the area of Mali, with its territories Gao, Timbuktu, Jenne, Kumbi Saleh, Niani, Audagnost, and Awlil. The Gambia River and the Senegal River are marked flowing through Mali and finally falling into the Niger River at its east. It marks Bilma, Taodemi, and few centres that lie along the Atlantic Ocean as the regions where salt mines are located. The centers where gold mines are located are marked along the regions surrounding Mali and close to the Gambia and the Volta River.

The map above indicates that

A) Mali was a major source and hub of the gold tradeB) Europeans had begun to make inroads in West AfricaC) Mali remained isolated from Europe and the Middle EastD) Atlantic ports were crucial for the transportation of salt and gold

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who was ishi and why was he significant to california's history?
What was anthropologist Alfred Kroeber's connecton to ishi

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Ishi was the last surviving member of the Yahi tribe of California, and his significance to California's history lies in the fact that he became a living link between the modern world and the Yahi people's ancient traditions and way of life.

Anthropologist Alfred Kroeber was also significant in Ishi's story. Ishi was found in the year 1911 by a group of settlers when he wandered out of the mountains near Oroville, California, and was taken into custody. Ishi was brought to San Francisco where he was studied, and Kroeber was one of the leading anthropologists in California at the time, who worked with him.

Kroeber's work with Ishi resulted in a seminal work of anthropology, The Ishi in Two Worlds, which is about his life and culture. Kroeber became Ishi's teacher, friend, and anthropologist while he was alive. Kroeber studied and documented the Yahi culture in great detail through his close association with Ishi and his knowledge of the ancient traditions and beliefs of the Yahi.

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is "Gandhi Urges Calm Should He Be Seized," published by the New York Times on March 22, 1922 a primary source or secondary?

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The article "Gandhi Urges Calm Should He Be Seized," published by the New York Times on March 22, 1922, is considered a primary source.

Primary Sources: Primary sources are original materials or firsthand accounts created or written during the time under study. They provide direct evidence or firsthand information about a particular event, person, or time period. Examples of primary sources include diaries, letters, speeches, photographs, newspaper articles from the time, official documents, and personal interviews.

In the case of the article in question, "Gandhi Urges Calm Should He Be Seized," it was published by the New York Times in 1922, which was during the lifetime of Mahatma Gandhi and at the height of his involvement in India's struggle for independence from British rule.

The article, written during the time Gandhi was active, likely contains direct quotes or information about his views on the situation. It is a contemporary account of his thoughts and actions at that specific moment, making it a primary source for studying the historical context of the time and Gandhi's perspective.

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Our
code of Olympic Amateurism stems from (a) the Ancient Greek Olympic
Games. (b)the American Populist Movement of the late 19th century.
(c) a Frenchman who loved the 19th century British Aristocrac

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Our code of Olympic Amateurism stems from the Ancient Greek Olympic Games, option (a) is correct.

In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games were held as a celebration of physical prowess and were open to all free Greek male citizens. The concept of amateurism was rooted in the belief that participation in sports should be driven by love and dedication to the activity rather than financial gain. Athletes competed for honor, glory, and personal achievement rather than monetary rewards.

While the American Populist Movement of the late 19th century did advocate for amateur sports and physical education as a means to improve the health and well-being of the working class, it was not the primary source of the code of Olympic Amateurism. Similarly, while there were influential individuals involved in shaping the modern Olympic Games, such as Pierre de Coubertin, a Frenchman who played a pivotal role in their revival, his admiration for the British aristocracy does not directly connect to the origins of Olympic Amateurism, option (a) is correct.

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The correct question is:

Our code of Olympic Amateurism stems from:

(a) the Ancient Greek Olympic Games

(b) the American Populist Movement of the late 19th century.

(c) a Frenchman who loved the 19th-century British Aristocracy

Which of the following describes how Greek learning emerged in Western Europe by the twelfth century C.E.?
Greek learning was spread by Alexander the Great and the Romans to the Middle East, where it was preserved by the Byzantines and the Muslims before being translated from Arabic for Western Europeans.

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The statement that describes how Greek learning emerged in Western Europe by the twelfth century C.E is that Greek learning was spread by Alexander the Great and the Romans to the Middle East,

Where it was preserved by the Byzantines and the Muslims before being translated from Arabic for Western Europeans.

Greek learning emerged in Western Europe by the twelfth century C.E. due to the following reasons:Greek learning was spread by Alexander the Great and the Romans to the Middle East. It was preserved by the Byzantines and the Muslims before being translated from Arabic for Western Europeans. Hence, Western Europeans developed an interest in Greek learning and developed their own interest and schools, which saw the rise of universities.

Aristotle’s works were translated from Arabic to Latin, and his books on logic and metaphysics were studied in the universities. It also led to the rebirth of classical learning, which led to the Renaissance in the fifteenth century C.E.In conclusion, Greek learning emerged in Western Europe due to the influence of Alexander the Great and the Romans to the Middle East, where it was preserved by the Byzantines and the Muslims before being translated from Arabic for Western Europeans.

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Why is Marcus Garvey a hero?.

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Marcus Garvey is considered a hero for his significant contributions to the civil rights and Black empowerment movements in the early 20th century.

Here are a few reasons why he is seen as a hero:

1. Pan-Africanism: Garvey advocated for the unity of all people of African descent across the world. He believed in the strength and power of a united Africa and encouraged Black people to embrace their African heritage and culture. Garvey's Pan-Africanism inspired many and laid the foundation for later movements, such as the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.

2. Black Nationalism: Garvey emphasized the importance of self-reliance and self-determination for Black people. He called for economic independence and the establishment of Black-owned businesses and institutions. His message resonated with many who felt marginalized and oppressed, and he played a significant role in empowering Black communities.

3. Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA): Garvey founded the UNIA, which became one of the largest and most influential Black organizations in history. Through the UNIA, Garvey promoted racial pride, economic self-sufficiency, and educational opportunities for Black people. He organized rallies, parades, and conventions that brought together thousands of Black individuals, fostering a sense of community and solidarity.

4. Inspiring Leadership: Garvey's powerful speeches and charismatic leadership style inspired countless individuals to take action and stand up for their rights. He encouraged Black people to embrace their worth and value, instilling a sense of pride and confidence in their abilities. His leadership was crucial in empowering marginalized communities and challenging the status quo.

5. Legacy: Although Garvey's movement faced challenges and eventually declined, his ideas and principles have had a lasting impact. His emphasis on self-determination and Black pride continue to inspire individuals and organizations to this day. Garvey's legacy serves as a reminder of the ongoing struggle for equality and the importance of unity and empowerment within the Black community.

Overall, Marcus Garvey's commitment to Pan-Africanism, Black nationalism, and his inspiring leadership make him a hero in the eyes of many. His efforts have left a significant imprint on the history of civil rights and Black empowerment movements, and his legacy continues to shape conversations about racial equality and social justice.

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the persians laid out persepolis in a rectangular grid. from whom did they borrow this tradition?

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The Persians borrowed the tradition of laying out Persepolis in a rectangular grid from the ancient Mesopotamians, specifically from the Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Babylonian cultures.

The Neo-Babylonians, who ruled over Mesopotamia from the 7th to 6th centuries BCE, were known for their urban planning and architectural achievements. They developed a system of urban design that utilized a grid pattern, with streets intersecting at right angles, creating a rectangular layout for their cities.

When the Achaemenid Empire, led by Cyrus the Great, conquered Babylon in the 6th century BCE, they absorbed many aspects of Babylonian culture, including their architectural and urban planning practices. The Persians, who were known for their administrative skills and centralization of power, adopted the grid-based layout for the construction of their new capital city, Persepolis.

Persepolis, located in present-day Iran, was built as a ceremonial and administrative center of the Achaemenid Empire. The rectangular grid pattern was utilized in the design of the city, with structured streets and buildings arranged in a precise and ordered manner.

By borrowing the tradition of a rectangular grid from the Mesopotamians, the Persians implemented a systematic and organized approach to city planning, emphasizing efficiency and control in the layout of their capital.

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during an active threat event, the best course of action for staff, patients, and visitors is often to evade and shelter in place in the immediate vicinity

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Evading and sheltering in place in the immediate vicinity during an active threat will help protect themselves from potential harm and wait for law enforcement officials to arrive on the scene.

During an active threat event, the best course of action for staff, patients, and visitors is often to evade and shelter in place in the immediate vicinity. Evacuation and sheltering in place are two of the most effective strategies for preventing the spread of disease in a healthcare setting during an active threat event.

During an active threat event, the primary goal of staff, patients, and visitors is to remain safe by taking shelter in place and avoiding being detected by the attacker. This may involve locking doors, barricading windows, and turning off all lights to avoid being detected.

Therefore, the best course of action for staff, patients, and visitors during an active threat event is to avoid the area as quickly as possible and shelter in place until law enforcement officials can arrive on the scene to provide support and assistance.

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In the first Spanish colonies, how did nearly all Indigenous peoples die? a. poison b. disease c. sacrifice d. neglect

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Nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans.

The spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a devastating impact on the Indigenous populations, leading to high mortality rates. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement also contributed to the decline of Indigenous peoples, but disease was the primary cause of their mass death.

The arrival of European explorers and settlers in the Americas had a profound and tragic impact on the Indigenous populations. One of the main reasons for the near-extinction of Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies was the introduction of diseases. Indigenous populations in the Americas had not previously been exposed to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, and thus had no immunity to these illnesses. As a result, when Europeans arrived, they inadvertently brought these diseases with them, leading to devastating epidemics among the Indigenous communities. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases caused a significant decline in the Indigenous populations, with mortality rates often reaching catastrophic levels.

The impact of diseases on Indigenous peoples was amplified by various factors. The forced labor and harsh conditions imposed on Indigenous communities by the colonizers weakened their immune systems and made them more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, the displacement of Indigenous peoples from their ancestral lands disrupted their social structures and traditional practices, further exacerbating their vulnerability to illnesses.

While factors such as warfare, forced labor, and neglect also played a role in the decline of Indigenous populations, it was the introduction of diseases that had the most profound and devastating effect. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases led to massive death tolls, decimating entire Indigenous communities and irreversibly altering the demographic landscape of the Americas.

In conclusion, nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a catastrophic impact on Indigenous populations, leading to their near-extinction. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement contributed to their decline, but it was the introduction of diseases that was the primary cause of their mass death.

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Nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans.

The spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a devastating impact on the Indigenous populations, leading to high mortality rates. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement also contributed to the decline of Indigenous peoples, but disease was the primary cause of their mass death.

The arrival of European explorers and settlers in the Americas had a profound and tragic impact on the Indigenous populations. One of the main reasons for the near-extinction of Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies was the introduction of diseases. Indigenous populations in the Americas had not previously been exposed to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, and thus had no immunity to these illnesses. As a result, when Europeans arrived, they inadvertently brought these diseases with them, leading to devastating epidemics among the Indigenous communities. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases caused a significant decline in the Indigenous populations, with mortality rates often reaching catastrophic levels.

The impact of diseases on Indigenous peoples was amplified by various factors. The forced labor and harsh conditions imposed on Indigenous communities by the colonizers weakened their immune systems and made them more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, the displacement of Indigenous peoples from their ancestral lands disrupted their social structures and traditional practices, further exacerbating their vulnerability to illnesses.

While factors such as warfare, forced labor, and neglect also played a role in the decline of Indigenous populations, it was the introduction of diseases that had the most profound and devastating effect. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of these diseases led to massive death tolls, decimating entire Indigenous communities and irreversibly altering the demographic landscape of the Americas.

In conclusion, nearly all Indigenous peoples in the first Spanish colonies died primarily due to diseases introduced by the Europeans. The lack of immunity and the rapid spread of diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza had a catastrophic impact on Indigenous populations, leading to their near-extinction. Other factors such as forced labor, warfare, and displacement contributed to their decline, but it was the introduction of diseases that was the primary cause of their mass death.

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by 1860, the textile manufacturing sector of the american south

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By 1860, the textile manufacturing sector of the American South was relatively small and underdeveloped compared to the Northern states.

During the mid-19th century, the American South was primarily an agrarian society heavily reliant on cotton production and slave labor. While the region had a thriving cotton industry, the textile manufacturing sector, which involves the processing of raw cotton into finished textiles, was not as prominent in the South as it was in the North.

The Southern states focused on cultivating and exporting raw cotton to industrial centers in the North and Europe, where it was transformed into finished textiles. This economic structure meant that the majority of textile manufacturing and industrialization took place in the Northern states, particularly in New England, where there was a concentration of factories and skilled labor.

The Southern economy's heavy reliance on plantation agriculture and slave labor limited the growth of the textile manufacturing sector in the region. The availability of cheap slave labor made it more profitable to focus on the production and export of raw cotton rather than investing in textile factories and infrastructure.

It was not until after the Civil War and the abolition of slavery that the Southern states began to develop their textile industry more extensively. The emergence of new economic systems and labor practices, such as sharecropping and wage labor, provided the foundation for the subsequent growth of the Southern textile manufacturing sector.

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Early in primary succession, lichens and mosses colonize bare rock and become the first ecological community. Why are they critical to later stages of succession?

1) They deplete nutrients.

2) Decomposing lichen and moss biomass create soil.

3) They outcompete pioneer species, allowing succession to progress.

4) They limit the ability of climax species to colonize the area.

5) None of the above

Answers

The correct answer is: Decomposing lichen and moss biomass create soil about stages of succession. So, option 2 is correct.

Lichens and mosses play a critical role in early stages of primary succession by colonizing bare rock surfaces and initiating the process of soil formation. As they grow and die, their biomass accumulates and contributes to the organic matter in the environment. Over time, the decomposition of lichen and moss biomass helps break down the rock substrate and create a thin layer of soil. This newly formed soil provides a suitable substrate for the establishment and growth of other plant species, allowing succession to progress towards more complex communities.

Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect:

Lichens and mosses typically do not deplete nutrients in the early stages of succession. Instead, they often contribute to nutrient accumulation and cycling in the ecosystem.

Lichens and mosses are not known to outcompete pioneer species. Instead, they are often pioneer species themselves, establishing on bare substrates with limited competition.

Lichens and mosses do not limit the ability of climax species to colonize the area. They prepare the ground for other plant species to colonize and thrive by creating suitable soil conditions.

Therefore, option 2 correctly identifies the critical role of lichens and mosses in creating soil during early stages of succession.

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the first truly monumental stone statues of the greeks followed the __________ canon.

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It shaped the artistic expression of the ancient Greeks and left a lasting legacy in the world of art and sculpture. Archaic canon.

The first truly monumental stone statues of the Greeks followed the Archaic canon.

The Archaic period in Greek art, which lasted from the 8th century BCE to the early 5th century BCE, was characterized by the development of large-scale stone sculpture.

The Archaic canon refers to the established set of proportions and stylistic conventions that governed the depiction of the human figure in Greek sculpture during this period.

These canons aimed to achieve idealized and harmonious representations of the human form, emphasizing symmetry, geometric proportions, and stylized features.

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the greek national airline buys a new jet from boeing for $250 million. as a result, million is added to gdp. (enter your response)

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The purchase of a new jet by the Greek national airline from Boeing for $250 million would contribute $250 million to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

GDP measures the total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders over a specific period. It includes consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports. In this case, the purchase of the new jet represents investment spending.

When the Greek national airline buys the new jet from Boeing, it involves a financial transaction in which money is exchanged for the product. This transaction contributes to GDP because it represents a tangible economic activity and the production of a durable good.

The purchase of the jet adds value to the economy in two ways. First, it reflects the production value of the jet itself, which is considered an investment in fixed capital. Second, it generates income for those involved in the production and sale of the jet, such as workers, suppliers, and shareholders.

The $250 million spent on the new jet is therefore included in the calculation of GDP as it represents a real economic activity and contributes to the overall economic output of the country. It is important to note that GDP measures the value of final goods and services, so only the value of the jet itself is counted, not any intermediate inputs used in its production.

Overall, the purchase of the new jet by the Greek national airline from Boeing adds $250 million to the GDP, reflecting the value of the investment and the economic activity associated with the transaction.

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The scholarship specifically asks from three sentences about why I am pursuing my specific degree. I don’t know how to to archeology, early world civilization, through my passion in Rome, Italy. I am constantly told that I’m teaching. Three sentences seems like too little for myself. Can somebody give tips?

Answers

To answer the scholarship prompt, begin with a clear introduction, focus on specific reasons, and emphasize personal growth and goals.

The scholarship requires you to provide three sentences explaining why you are pursuing your specific degree in archaeology and early world civilization through your passion for Rome, Italy. It can be challenging to condense your thoughts into such a limited space, but here are some tips to help you:

1. Start with a clear and concise introduction: Begin your response by stating your passion for archaeology and early world civilization and how it relates to your interest in Rome, Italy. This sentence should capture the essence of your motivation.

2. Focus on specific reasons: In the second sentence, highlight one or two specific reasons why you are pursuing this degree. For example, you could mention your fascination with uncovering ancient artifacts in Rome and how it contributes to understanding the history of early civilizations.

3. Emphasize personal growth and goals: In the final sentence, explain how pursuing this degree aligns with your personal growth and future aspirations. Discuss how studying archaeology and early world civilization will equip you with the knowledge and skills needed to make a meaningful contribution in the field.

In conclusion, although three sentences may seem limiting, it is possible to concisely convey your motivation for pursuing a degree in archaeology and early world civilization, focusing on your passion for Rome, Italy. By following the tips provided and being thoughtful in your response, you can effectively communicate your reasons for choosing this specific path of study.

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why is it significant that california made english its official language in 1986, and in 1998 eliminated bilingual education?

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The actions taken by California to make English its official language in 1986 and eliminate bilingual education in 1998 have significant implications and are often seen as part of a larger political and social context.

Here are some key points to consider:

Official Language: By declaring English as the official language, California aimed to establish a common language for government functions and official communications. This decision reflected concerns over the perceived erosion of English proficiency and the desire to promote linguistic unity and assimilation.

Language Politics: The move to make English the official language can be viewed within the broader context of language politics and debates surrounding immigration and cultural identity. Some proponents argued that emphasizing English fluency would facilitate integration and enhance economic opportunities for immigrants and their descendants. However, critics expressed concerns about potential marginalization of non-English speakers and the preservation of cultural diversity.

Bilingual Education: The elimination of bilingual education in 1998 through the passage of Proposition 227 had a significant impact on the educational approach for English language learners (ELLs). The measure mandated that instruction be primarily conducted in English, with limited use of native languages. Supporters argued that immersion in English would accelerate language acquisition and foster greater academic success. Critics contended that this approach could impede educational progress and hinder the preservation of cultural heritage.

Educational and Social Implications: The elimination of bilingual education had direct consequences for ELLs, as their educational experiences were altered. Some studies have shown mixed results regarding the effectiveness of bilingual education versus English immersion programs. The policy change sparked ongoing debates about the most effective strategies for supporting language development and academic achievement among diverse student populations.

Symbolic and Political Significance: Both the adoption of English as the official language and the elimination of bilingual education were seen as symbolic gestures reflecting the changing demographics and political climate in California. They represented attempts to address language-related challenges, balance cultural integration with diversity, and shape public perceptions regarding language and identity.

It's important to note that the impact and interpretation of these policies may vary among different individuals and communities, and ongoing discussions and debates continue surrounding language policies, education, and cultural diversity in California and beyond.

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Which activist group promised to defend any teachers willing to break laws regarding teaching evolution in school?

Answers

Answer: The American Civil Liberties Union

Explanation: The Scopes trial in 1925, located in Tennesse passes this law stating, " Any theory that denies the story of divine creation of man as taught in the bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals,: It was the first law passes putting teachers at risk.

Read the excerpt from an informational document.



[I]f we could but induce our retired merchants, engineers, doctors, solicitors, barristers, judges, and civilians to make India permanently their home, what an amount of talent and ability, political experience and ripe judgement, we should retain in India for the benefit of us all! All these great questions in regard to the financial drain on India, and those questions arising from jealousy of races and the rivalry for public employment, would at once disappear. And when we speak of the poverty of India, because of the draining away of vast sums of money from India to England, it has always seemed to me strange that so little thought should be bestowed upon the question of the poverty of our resources caused by the drain of so many men of public, political, and intellectual eminence from our shores every year.

—Badruddin Tyabji, 1887

Which detail from the excerpt best supports the thesis that British imperialism and policies were having a negative effect on India?

a)“induce our retired merchants”
b)“what an amount of talent and ability”
c)“draining away of vast sums of money from India”
d)“so little thought should be bestowed upon . . . poverty”

Answers

The detail that supports the thesis that British imperialism and policies were having a negative effect on India is: c) "draining away of vast sums of money from India"

How did British imperialism and policies negatively affect India's economy?

The detail from the excerpt that best supports the thesis that British imperialism and policies were having a negative effect on India is the mention of the "draining away of vast sums of money from India."

This suggests that the British rule resulted in a significant outflow of wealth from India to England thereby causing economic strain and contributing to India's poverty.

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who was the first historian to challenge white supremacist interpretations of reconstruction?

Answers

The first historian to challenge white supremacist interpretations of Reconstruction was W. E. B. Du Bois. Du Bois was an African American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist who played a significant role in challenging prevailing racist narratives and providing a more nuanced and accurate understanding of Reconstruction.

In his groundbreaking work, "Black Reconstruction in America, 1860-1880," published in 1935, Du Bois critically examined the Reconstruction era and highlighted the contributions and agency of African Americans during that period. He challenged the prevailing white supremacist narrative that portrayed Reconstruction as a failure and depicted African Americans as incapable of participating in democratic governance.

Du Bois argued that Reconstruction was a transformative period in American history, marked by significant progress and achievements, especially for African Americans. He highlighted the political, economic, and social advancements made by newly freed slaves and emphasized their active role in shaping policies and institutions during Reconstruction.

By presenting a more accurate and balanced account of Reconstruction, Du Bois challenged white supremacist interpretations that sought to justify the disenfranchisement and marginalization of African Americans in the post-Reconstruction era. His work laid the foundation for subsequent scholars and historians to reevaluate and challenge prevailing narratives about Reconstruction and its impact on African American history.

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Did Daryl Gates take accountability for the behavior of the LAPD officers who beat Rodney King?

Answers

Answer: No

Explanation: He believed that he and the LAPD were doing the city's "most important work" and that they are only accountable to none of themselves. His troops were seen as arrogant or aggressive when it came to their policies and the aftermath was catastrophic. Alot of unarmed suspects were killed by offers whom of which rarely were held accountable for what they partook in.

Who was a student of David?
O Ingres
O Goya
O Vigee Le Brun
O Delacroix

Answers

Answer:

Delacroix

Explanation:

The artist who was a student of Jacques-Louis David, the prominent French Neoclassical painter, was Eugène Delacroix. Delacroix studied under David between 1815 and 1825.

Answer:

Delacroix

Explanation:

Thesis statements are important to historical essays because they:
A. ensure that nobody can make counterclaims against an essay.
B. signal that an article will be argumentative rather than explanatory.
C. allow the author to paraphrase sources rather than quoting them.
D. prepare readers for the evidence presented in an essay.
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer:

D. prepare readers for the evidence presented in an essay.

Explanation:

its like a mini summary

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Fill In The Blank, citizens of sweden believe that legislators and leaders of their country should determine issues on the basis of ____________.

Answers

Citizens of Sweden believe that legislators and leaders of their country should determine issues on the basis of  what is best.

In a representative democracy like Sweden, legislators are elected by the citizens to represent their interests and make decisions on their behalf. The expectation is that legislators should take into account the concerns and preferences of the people they represent when making decisions and creating policies.

This belief underscores the importance of legislators acting as the voice of the people and working towards the betterment of society based on the will and interests of the citizens.

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True or False. Neither president gerald ford nor vice president nelson rockefeller had been elected to their offices

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

^_^

What feature did radio in the 1920s offer that other inventions did not?.

Answers

Answer:

Transmit and receive audio signals wirelessly over long distances.

Explanation:

In the 1920s, radio offered the unique feature of being able to transmit and receive audio signals wirelessly over long distances. This was a revolutionary breakthrough in communication technology, as prior to radio, the only way to transmit audio signals over long distances was through telegraphs or telephone wires, which were limited by their range and required physical infrastructure.

Radio allowed people to listen to live music, news broadcasts, and other forms of entertainment from all over the world, creating a new era of mass communication and popular culture. This made radio a hugely popular invention in the 1920s and beyond, and it played a significant role in shaping modern society and culture.

How was William Wilberforce, a member of Parliament, able to affect the future of slavery in Britain? a. In 1833, he achieved a ban on the use of enslaved labor in factories. b. In 1807, he achieved a ban on British slave trade. c. In 1833, he was able to get reduced penalties for runaways.
d. In 1804, he was able to get an amendment passed abolishing slavery in most Northern US states.

Answers

William Wilberforce, a member of Parliament, played a significant role in affecting the future of slavery in Britain. His accomplishments include achieving a ban on the British slave trade in 1807 and contributing to the passing of the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833, which abolished slavery in most British territories.

However, the other options listed (a, c, and d) are not accurate representations of Wilberforce's specific achievements in relation to slavery.

William Wilberforce was a prominent British abolitionist and member of Parliament who dedicated his life to ending the slave trade and slavery itself. His most notable accomplishment came in 1807 when he successfully led the parliamentary campaign for the abolition of the British slave trade. The Slave Trade Act of 1807 made it illegal for British ships to engage in the transatlantic slave trade, effectively ending Britain's direct involvement in this brutal practice.

Furthermore, Wilberforce's efforts extended beyond the slave trade. He continued to advocate for the complete abolition of slavery in British territories. In 1833, a few years after Wilberforce's death, the British Parliament passed the Slavery Abolition Act, which emancipated all slaves in most British colonies and territories. This act marked a significant milestone in the abolitionist movement and had a profound impact on the future of slavery in Britain.

However, the other options mentioned (a, c, and d) do not accurately reflect Wilberforce's specific achievements. Wilberforce's efforts were primarily focused on the abolition of the slave trade and the institution of slavery, rather than labor in factories or penalties for runaways. Additionally, he did not play a direct role in passing amendments abolishing slavery in Northern US states in 1804.

In conclusion, William Wilberforce's lasting impact on the future of slavery in Britain can be attributed to his leadership in achieving the ban on the British slave trade in 1807 and his contribution to the passing of the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833, which led to the emancipation of slaves in most British territories. His advocacy and dedication to the abolitionist cause played a significant role in shaping the history of slavery in Britain.

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