Alkynes are reduced to trans alkenes by a process called dissolving metal reduction. The reaction uses sodium or lithium metal as the reducing agent and liquid ammonia as the solvent. The method is specific in the formation of trans alkenes from alkynes. The method involves two successive transfers of single electrons from the alkali metal to the triple bond, with abstraction of protons from the ammonia solvent.Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism.Arrow-pushing Instructions

Answer:

Psol = 433 torr

The solution is not ideal and the solution deviates from Raoult's law in a positive manner

Explanation:

The vapout pressure of a solution can be obtained using Raoult's law:

Psol = P°A* XA + P°B*XB

Where Psol is vapour pressure of solution

P° is vapour pressure of pure substance

X is mole fraction

As we have vapour pressure of pure carbon disulfide and acetone we need to find mole fraction of each compound to solve the vapour pressure of the solution:

Moles carbon disulfide:

3.95g CS₂ * (1mol / 76.13g) = 0.05188 moles

Moles acetone:

2.43g acetone * (1mol / 58.08g) = 0.04184 moles

Mole fraction of CS₂:

0.05188 moles / (0.05188mol + 0.04184mol) =

0.5536

Mole fraction acetone:

1 = X(CS₂) + X(Acetone)

X(Acetone) = 1 - 0.5536 = 0.4464

Solving for vapour pressure of the solution:

Psol = 515torr*0.5536 + 332torr*0.4464

As the experimental vapor pressure was 645torr > 433 torr (Theoretical vapor pressure), the solution is not ideal and the solution deviates from Raoult's law in a positive manner

The correct answer is (3): hydroboration/oxidation.

Hydroboration/oxidation of alkynes involve an enol intermediate.

An intermediate is a specie that occurs along the steps of a non-elementary reaction but does not appear among the products.

Hydroboration refers to the reaction of borane (BH3) with alkyne. The addition of borane to an alkyne passes through an enol intermediae and the same also goes for oxidation of an alkyne.

Hence, hydroboration/oxidation are alkyne addition reactions that involve enol intermediate. The mechanism of hydroboration is shown in the image attached.

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Answer:

[tex]Zn^{2+}[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, since metals tend to lose electrons, they usually become the cations when chemical compounds are formed so the other element should be negative to allow their interactions to take place.

In such a way, since oxygen is known to be negatively charged as -2 and their subscripts are both 1, we infer that the oxidation state of zinc is +2, therefore, it is written as an ion as follows:

[tex]Zn^{2+}[/tex]

Best regards.

Explanation:

n=given mass ÷molar mass

make given mass become the subject of the formula by

multiplying the molar mass on both sides of the equation.

n=0.473mol

given mass=??

molar mass=48

therefore,given mass=n×molar mass

=0.473×48

=22.704grams

mass in grams is 22.704grams

The mass (in grams) of 0.473 mol of titanium is 22.6 grams.

We have some specific amount of moles of titanium.

We have to calculate the mass of given sample of titanium.

Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is found in nature only as an oxide.

According to the question -

Moles of titanium - 0.473 moles.

Mass of 0.473 moles of titanium =

0.473 moles titanium x (47.87 grams titanium / 1 mole) = 22.6 grams

Hence,  the mass (in grams) of 0.473 mol of titanium is 22.6 grams.

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Answer:

C. The ratio of the substances coefficients equal the ratio is the number of moles

Explanation:

The ratio of the substances' coefficients equals the ratio of their

number of moles. Hence, option C is correct.

A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

Mole ratios are used as conversion factors between products and reactants in many chemistry problems.

The mole ratio may be determined by examining the coefficients in front of formulas in a balanced chemical equation.

Also known as the mole ratio is also called the mole-to-mole ratio.

Hence, option C is correct.

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Answer:

Explanation:

silicon has highest ionization energy ionization energy increases from left to right in a period because electron are added to same shell and increase in added electron shield each other poorly from the nuclear attraction

Answer:

The molar mass of the organic solid is 119.9g/mol.

The molecular formula of an organic solid is C4H8O4

Explanation:

Step 1

We find the Molar mass

From the above question, we are given:

A solution of 0.650 g of the solid in 27.8 g of the solvent diphenyl gave a freezing point depression of 1.56 °C. Calculate the molar mass and determine the molecular formula of the solid (kf for diphenyl is 8.00 °C/m)

A freezing point depression = 1.56 °C.

Mass of organic solid= 0.650 g

Mass of diphenyl = 27.8 g

Converting to kilograms

1000g = 1kg

27.8g =

Cross Multiply

= 27.8g × 1 kg/1000g

= 0.0278kg

Boiling point constant = 8.00 °C/m

Molar mass of the organic compound = Boiling point constant × Mass of solid /Freezing point depression × Mass of diphenyl

Molar mass of the organic compound =

8.00 °C/m × 0.650g/1.56°C × 0.0278kg

= 5.2 g°C/m ÷ 0.043368 g°C

= 119.9040767 g/mol

Approximately = 119.9 g/mol

Step 2

Find the Molecular formula

Molecular formula = CxHyOz

Let x = Carbon, y = Hydrogen, z = Oxygen

For x = Carbon

Atomic mass of Carbon = 12.01078

x = % of Carbon in the compound × Molar mass of the organic compound/atomic mass of Carbon

x = 40% × 119.9 g/mol / (12.01078

x = 3.99

x = Approximately = 4

For y = Hydrogen

Atomic mass of Hydrogen = 1.007947

y = % of Hydrogen in the compound × Molar mass of the organic compound/Atomic mass of Hydrogen

x = 6.7% × 119.9 g/mol) / 1. 007947

x = 7.97

x is Approximately = 8

For z = Oxygen

Atomic mass of Oxygen = 15.99943

z = % of Oxygen in the compound × Molar mass of the organic compound/Atomic mass of Oxygen

z = 53.3% × 119.9 g/mol /15.99943

z = 3.99

z is approximately ≈ 4

Therefore,

The molar mass of the organic solid is 119.9 g/mol.

The molecular formula of an organic solid is C4H8O4

Answer:

The answer is

Explanation:

The mass of a substance when given the density and volume can be found by using the formula

From the question

volume of ethanol = 87.94 mL

density = 0.79 g/mL

The mass of ethanol is

mass = 87.94 × 0.79

mass = 69.4726

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer:

a. 2-heptanone is more reactive than 4-heptanone

b. chloromethyl phenyl ketone is more reactive than bromomethyl phenyl ketone

Explanation:

The reactivity of the carbonyl compound (ketone ) is affected by the steric effect. The steric effect is a hindrance that occurs in the structure or reactivity of a molecule, which is affected by the physical size and the proximity of the adjacent parts of the molecule.

Between 2-heptanone or 4-heptanone, 2-heptanone is more reactive than 4-heptanone. This is because 2-heptanone is less affected by the steric hindrance, unlike the 4-heptanone.

Similarly, the reactivity of the carbonyl compound (ketone) is also affected by the polarity on the carbon compound, which is associated with how electronegative the substituent attached is to the carbonyl compound. From the periodic table, the electronegativity of the Halogen family decreases down the group. Therefore chlorine is more electronegative than bromine.

As such, chloromethyl phenyl ketone is more reactive than bromomethyl phenyl ketone.

Answer:

Yes, it is possible.

Explanation:

A diprotic acid is an acid that can release two protons. That's why it is called diprotic.

Monoprotic → Release one proton, for example Formic acid HCOOH

Triprotic → Releases three protons, for example H₃PO₄

Polyprotic → Release many protons, for example EDTA

it is a weak acid.

In the first equilibrum, it release proton, and the second is released in the second equilibrium. So the first equilibrium will have a Ka1

H₂A  +  H₂O  ⇄  H₃O⁺  +  HA⁻                Ka₁

HA⁻  +  H₂O  ⇄  H₃O⁺  +  A⁻²               Ka₂

The HA⁻ will work as an amphoterous because, it can be a base or an acid, according to this:

HA⁻   +  H₂O  ⇄  H₃O⁺   + A⁻²      Ka₂

HA⁻   +  H₂O  ⇄  OH⁻   + H₂A       Kb₂

Answer:

Theoretical yield = 3.75g

Explanation:

Percent yield is defined as one hundred times the ratio between actual yield and theoretical yield. The expression is:

Percent yield = Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield * 100

In the problem, your actual yield was 3-00g.

Percent yield is 80.0%.

Solving for theoretical yield:

80% = 3.00g / Theoretical yield * 100

Theoretical yield = 3.00g / 80.0% * 100

Answer:

C,  hydrogen.

Explanation:

Answer:

Self ionization and self dissociation both are the process of ionization of the water.

Explanation:

The ionization process occur in pure water. This process occur when water is in aqueous form, where the water molecules like H2O will deprotonates and to form a hydroxide ions OH-.

It immediately protonates another molecule with water such as H+. It makes hydronium such as H3O+. It is also called auto protolyzes.

Such as an example:

H2O +H2O = H3O+ + OH-

The complete equation for the autoionization of water is

H₂O + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻

From the question,

We are to complete the autoionization reaction for water

First, we will explain what is meant by autoionization reaction of water

Autoionization reaction of water also known as self-ionization of water is an ionization reaction in pure water or in an aqueous solution, in which a water molecule, H₂O, deprotonates to become a hydroxide ion, OH⁻. The proton, H⁺, immediately protonates another water molecule to form hydronium, H₃O⁺.

The equation for the reaction is

H₂O + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻

Hence, the complete equation for the autoionization of water is

H₂O + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻

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The SI unit of temperature is the kelvin (K), which spans the same temperature change as the degree Celsius. The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic scale, meaning that its zero point is at absolute zero rather than the freezing point of water. The second reference point for this scale as it is currently defined is the triple point of water, which is a unique point on the phase diagram of water (a specific combination of pressure and temperature) where ice, liquid water and water vapor are all in equilibrium. The triple point is assigned the temperature of 273.16 K.

The old centigrade scale used the freezing and boiling temperatures of water as its reference points, with one degree centigrade equal to 1/100 of the temperature span between the freezing and boiling points of water. The definition of the Kelvin scale was chosen to make the kelvin the same size as the centigrade degree.

The Celsius scale is defined in terms of the Kelvin scale but is equivalent to the old centigrade scale, which it replaces. It is convenient for reporting weather and cooking temperatures and so on, but is not particularly useful for scientific purposes. For instance, the behavior of gases which approximate ideal gases is such that at zero degrees C they experience a volume change of 1/273 for a one degree change in temperature. This observation provided one of the first indications for the value of absolute zero.

When using the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P is pressure

V is volume

n is the quantity of gas in moles

R is a constant

T is the temperature

it is necessary to use a thermodynamic scale, usually Kelvin.

Another thermodynamic scale, the Rankine scale, has a relationship to the Fahrenheit temperature scale analogous to that between the Kelvin and Celsius scales.

Answer:

The answer is

Explanation:

The volume of a substance when given the density and mass can be found by using the formula

[tex]volume = \frac{mass}{density} [/tex]

From the question

mass of ice = 52.75 g

density = 0.917 g/cm³

The volume of the ice is

[tex]volume = \frac{52.75}{0.917} \\ = 57.52453653[/tex]

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer: Single Covalent Bonds

Hydrogen and chlorine coming together is an example of a single covalent bond. Two hydrogen atoms will also come together to form a single covalent bond, as will two chlorine atoms. In these examples, each individual atom has just one unpaired electron to share with the other atom.

A Little Backstory I Guess: In chemistry, a single bond is a chemical bond between two atoms involving two valence electrons. That is, the atoms share one pair of electrons where the bond forms. Therefore, a single bond is a type of covalent bond.

sorry its so long :/ hope this even relatively helps...

Answer:Gases and solids , Solids and liquids​

Explanation:

A solid has a definite shape while liquids and gases take the shape of the container in which they are found .

Hence when a substance changes it's state from gas to solid or solid to liquid, it's shape automatically changes as explained above.

Answer:

The answer is D. In the reactions A,B and C the reactants undergo changes in oxidation number. And also the reaction D is an acid_base neutralization reaction.

Answer:

C) cation, loses, anion, gains

Explanation:

Lithium is a metal from Group 1, so it has 1 valence electron. Thus, it loses 1 electron to complete its octet and form the cation Li⁺.

Oxygen is a nonmetal from Group 16, so it has 6 valence electrons. Thus, it gains 2 electrons to complete its octet and form the anion O²⁻.

In the reaction between Li and O, there is a transfer of electrons making an ionic bond. In the bond, lithium would be a cation because it loses an electron, and oxygen would be an anion because it gains 2 electrons.

Answer:

4,300

Explanation:

4,300..

Answer:

Explanation:

# moles that exist in 1.9 X 10 23 =

             =  # of atoms/# of Avogadro 's num

             =    1.9 X 10 23 / 6.02x10 23

              = 0.266 mole of Pb

now we calculate the mass

   mass of lead = # mol x m.wt

                       =    0.266 X 106.4

                       = 28.30 gram

Answer:

The equilibrium will shift to the right producing more Ag⁺ and CO₃²⁻

Explanation:

In the equilibrium:

Ag₂CO₃(s) ⇄ 2Ag⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq)

The change in concentration of Ag⁺ or CO₃²⁻ will shift the equilibrium

The addition of HCl(aq) (Dissociates in H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions) produce the formation of AgCl. The reaction is:

Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) ⇄ AgCl(s)

That means the addition of HCl decrease concentration of Ag⁺.

Based on LeChatelier's principle: As the Ag⁺ decreases, the equilibrium will decrease amount of Ag₂CO₃ producing more Ag⁺ and CO₃²⁻. That is:

Answer:

The answer is

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

[tex]density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\ [/tex]

From the question

mass of rock = 14 g

volume = 2 cm³

The density of the rock is

[tex]density = \frac{14}{2} \\ [/tex]

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer:

This question is asking to find the average speed during the dive. The answer is 22m/s.

Explanation:

Average speed of a substance can be calculated knowing it's distance over a particular amount of time.

The formula for average speed is:

Average speed (s) = Distance (d) / time (t)

In the case of this question where A peregrine falcon dives 176 meters through the air in 8 seconds, the distance of the falcon is 176m, while the time is 8s. Hence;

Average speed = 176/8

Average speed = 22

Therefore, the average speed of the falcon diver is 22m/s.

Answer:

See the answer

1) 15.0 g of water is heated from 5 °C up to 37 °C. How much energy is absorbed by the water? (The specific heat of liquid water is 4.184 J/g°C.)

2)How many joules of energy is required to bring a five-pound (1 pound = 454 g) bag of ice from its freezer temperature at -20.0°C up to 0°C? The specific heat of ice is 2.10 J/g×°C.

3) A 50.0 mg tissue sample is taken from a patient for diagnosis. While waiting for testing, the sample is stored in a -80.0°C freezer. How much energy is released when the sample is cooled from 20.0°C down to the freezer temperature? You may assume the specific heat of the tissue sample is 3.47 J/g×K.

Answer:

a) YES ( Basis : F=100kg/h)

b) composition mass fraction in the bottom stream

(Xm)B = 0.25

(Xp)B = 0.1

(Xw)B = 0.65

Explanation:

a)

Can you set a basis of calculation in this problem? Why or why not?

Yes we can set a basis if calculation in this problem.

A good basis makes the calculation more easier. the problem are given in weight  basis so we can choose basis of feed rate of 100kg/h

BASIS : 100kg/h

b)

given that;

mass flow rate of M in the feeds Mf = 0.55*F = 0.55*100 = 55kg/h

mass flow rate of p in the feeds Pf = 0.05*F = 0.05*100 = 5kg/h

mass flow rate of W in the feeds Pf = 0.40*F = 0.40*100 = 40kg/h

Now Balance

F = T + B

( but T=B)

so F = T + T = 2T

B = T = 50kg/h

TOP

mass flow rate of M in the top Mt = 0.85*T = 0.85*50 = 42.5 KG/H

mass flow rate of P in the top Pt = 0kg/h

mass flow rate of W in the top Wt = 0.15*T = 0.15*50 = 7.5kg/h

balance on M

Mf = Mt + Mb

Mb = Mf - Mt = 55kg/h - 42.5kg/h = 12.5kg/h

Balance on P

Pf = Pb + Pt

Pb = Pf - Pt = 5kg/h - 0kg/h = 5kg/h

Balance on W

Wf = Wt + Wb

Wb = Wf - Wt = 40kg/h - 7.5kg/h = 32.5kg/h

So bottom composition

mass fraction of M in Bottom XmB = Mb/B = (12.5kg/g) / (50kg/h) = 0.25

mass fraction of P in Bottom XpB = Pb/B = (5kg/g) / (50kg/h) = 0.1

mass fraction of W in Bottom XwB = Wb/B = (32.5kg/g) / (50kg/h) = 0.65

Answer:

no it cant

Explanation:

Factors that raise pH in a swimming pool. 1. Natural pH Rise: Carbon Dioxide Loss. The chemistry of pH sounds a lot more complicated than it is. In short, the less CO 2 in solution, the ... 2. Sanitizers and their pH Impact. 3. pH and alkalinity adjustment chemicals.