At the end of pyruvate pathway two carbon dioxide molecules, electrons, and one ATP molecule are produced as products.
Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, and then it is converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) through gluconeogenesis, or to fatty acids through acetyl-CoA. It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine, and it can be converted into ethanol.
Pyruvic acid supplies energy to the living cells through the citric acid cycle also known as the Krebs cycle, that is when oxygen is present (aerobic respiration); when oxygen is lacking, it generally ferments to produce lactic acid. Pyruvate is an important chemical compound in biochemistry. It is the output of the anaerobic metabolism of glucose known as glycolysis.
One molecule of glucose breaks down into two molecules of pyruvate, which are then used to provide further energy in one of two ways. Pyruvate is converted into acetyl- coenzyme A, which is the main input for a series of reactions known as the Krebs cycle. Pyruvate is also converted to oxaloacetate by an antipleuritic reaction, which replenishes Krebs cycle intermediates; also, oxaloacetate is used for gluconeogenesis.
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when 0.20 m nh4cl(aq) and 0.20 m naoh(aq) are mixed, the reaction represented by the equation above occurs and a strong smell of ammonia, nh3, is observed. based on this information, which of the following statements is true?
The true statement is b ) NH₄⁺ is a stronger acid than H₂O ( l )
NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ = NH₃ + H₂O .
NH₄⁺ is a conjugate acid of NH₃
OH⁻ is a conjugate base of H₂O .
NH₄⁺ is capable of giving H⁺ to OH⁻ to produce H₂O so it is stronger acid than H₂O .
Had H₂O been stronger , it would have given H⁺ to NH₃ to produce NH₄⁺ but it does not happen .
So NH₄⁺ is a stronger acid than H₂O ( l ).
The stronger the acid, the weaker the conjugate base. This is known as acid-base pairs. For more information check below.
Acid-Base pairs:
A corrosive, inside the Brønsted-Lowry corrosive base speculation, is a substance compound outlined when a corrosive gives a proton to a base all things considered, it is a base with a hydrogen molecule added to it, as in the opposite reaction it loses a hydrogen molecule.
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commercial aspirin tablets contain 325 mg per tablet. how many tablets would your yield make?
It is the same as 0.036, Mass is equal to mole mass using the same formula. The experiment's molar mass is 1 80.15 and the theoretical yield is 90.36 moles. It is a yield in total. There will be a 6.48.
How do you figure out how much aspirin is in a tablet?Use the calculation below to determine how much aspirin is in each pill. (MW = 180 g/mole for aspirin) Mass of aspirin Equals moles of aspirin times its molecular weight (in g/mole) (in grams)
What is the aspirin yield in percentage?Thus, 3.029 grams of crude synthesized aspirin were computed. The finished aspirin product had an estimated mass of 2.169 grams after purification. 2.520 grams were the predicted theoretical yield. As a result, the yield was 86.07% and the error was 13.93%.
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for a molecule with the three electron groups or charge clouds where one of those electron groups or charge clouds is nonbonding, the molecular geometry is
For a molecule with the three electron groups or charge clouds where one of those electron groups or charge clouds is nonbonding, the molecular geometry is Bent.
The molecule having three electron groups, one of those electron groups or charge clouds is non bonding means there is one lone pair of electrons and the two of the electron groups or the charge cloud are in bonding , so according to the VSPER theory the molecular geometry is bent with the angle of 120°. the electron geometry is trigonal planar.
Thus, the molecular geometry with the two bonding electron group and one non bonding electrons group is bent.
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the hybridization of the oxygen atom labeled x in the structure below is . the hybridization of the oxygen atom labeled x in the structure below is . sp sp2 sp3 sp3d sp3d2
Answer:
sp3.
.....................
for silicon atoms, which ionization energy will show an exceptionally large increase over the preceding ionization energy?
The fifth electron, or IE5, would have a very high ionization energy. Which ionization energy for silicon atoms will significantly rise from the previous ionization energy?
Ionization energy: how is it calculated?
The smallest energy of light quanta (photons) or electrons accelerated to a specified energy that will liberate the least bound atomic electrons is used to calculate the ionization energy of atoms, abbreviated as Ei. On individual atoms, the measurement is carried out in the gas phase.
Why does the ionization energy increase?
On the periodic table, the first ionization energy typically climbs across a period from left to right. The higher nuclear charge results in a closer bond between the outermost electron and the nucleus.
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imagine there is a radioactive isotope that has a half-life of 500 years. a sample contains 50% parent and 50% progeny atoms. how old is this sample?
We know that radioactive reactions are first order reaction
For a first order reaction in CHEMICAL KINETICS
Rate Constant = 0.693/(Half Life)
we know that,
Half Life = 500 years
K = 0.693/500
K = 0.001386
For first order,
ln[A] = -Kt + ln[A*]
[A] = concentration of A after time, t
[A*] = initial concentration of A at time, t=0
Kt = 2.303 log {[A*]/[A]}
At half life [A] = [A*]/2
Kt = 2.303 log (2)
(0.001386)t = 2.303 × 0.3010
t = (2.303)(0.3010)/(0.001386)
t = 500.146 years
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Which compounds will most likely dissociate when dissolved in water? select all that apply. Barium hydroxide (ba(oh)2) ethanol (c2h6o) glucose (c6h12o6) silver nitrate (agno3) dichloromethane (ch2cl2) potassium chloride (kcl).
The compounds which are most likely dissociated when it is dissolved in the water are Ba(OH)₂, AgNO₃, and KCl respectively.
The compounds which are completely dissociated when it is dissolved in the water are known as strong electrolytes. This compounds form ions when they dissolved in the water. In the given compounds ethanol(C₂H₆O), glucose(C₆H₁₂O₆) is completely soluble but not dissociable. Dichloromethane(CH₂Cl₂) is neither soluble, nor dissociable in the water.
The dissociation of Ba(OH)₂, AgNO₃, and KCl in the water is given as
Ba(OH)₂(aq)→Ba²⁺(aq)+2OH⁻(aq)
For AgNO₃
AgNO₃(aq)→Ag⁺(aq)+(NO₃)⁻(aq)
For KCl
KCl(aq)→K⁺(aq)+Cl⁻(aq)
Therefore, the compounds which are most likely dissociated when it is dissolved in the water are Ba(OH)₂, AgNO₃, and KCl respectively.
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pH RANGE QUESTIONS!!!!!!
PLEASE HELP
The solution pH range is based on the given indicators:
Alizarin yellow- Yellow: 10 to 12
Bromocresol Green - blue: 3.8 to 5.4
Bromothymol Blue - green: 6.0 to 7.6
Methyl orange - yellow: 3.1 to 4.4
What is a pH indicator?A pH indicator can be described as a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH of the solution can be determined by changes in absorption or emission properties.
pH indicators are employed in titrations in analytical chemistry and biology to calculate the extent of a reaction. Because of the determination of color, pH indicators are susceptible to giving imprecise readings.
Alizarin yellow has a pH range of 10 to 12 where 10 for yellow and 12 for red. Bromocresol Green have a pH range of 3.8 to 5.4
Bromothymol Blue has a pH range of 6.0 to 7.6 where 6.0 for Yellow and 7.6 for Blue color. Methyl orange has a pH range of 3.1 to 4.4 where 3.1 is for red and 4.4 is for yellow color.
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Rupert had three substances. A brown substance was a liquid at room temperature. He hit each of the other two with a hammer. A blue crystal cracked but did not break. A silver substance flattened but did not crack. Which two statements could be true?.
The correct ones are:
The silver substance is ionic.The brown substance is molecular.The silver substance is silver (Ag) and the brown substance is bromine (Br).
Silver is a monovalent inorganic cation, a silver cation, a monoatomic monocation, and an elemental silver. Cations and anions are held together by electrostatic forces to form ionic solids. Ionic solids are hard, brittle, and have high melting points due to the strength of these interactions.
A bromine compound is a molecule formed by the combination of two bromine atoms. Br2 is a reddish-brown liquid that is never found in its elemental form, but rather in inorganic compounds known as bromides and natural organo-bromine compounds.
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if liquid ammonia and water were mixed, between which two atoms in these molecules would a hydrogen bond form?
A hydrogen bond would form between the hydrogen atom in the ammonia molecule and the oxygen atom in the water molecule.
What is bond?
An enduring attraction between ions or atoms known as a chemical bond is what allows molecules and crystals to form. The bond may be created by the sharing of electrons in covalent bonds or by the electrostatic attraction of two oppositely charged ions, as in ionic bonds. Covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds are examples of "strong bonds" or "primary bonds," whereas dipole-dipole interactions, this same London dispersion force, and hydrogen bonding are examples of "weak bonds" or "secondary bonds." The sharing as well as exchange of electrons between the involved atoms results in strong chemical bonds.
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enter the chemical formula for cesium sulfite
Cesium Sulfite Chemical Formula:
Cs2SO3
What happens to the chemistry of the seawater as more co2 is absorbed into the oceans?.
As more co2 is absorbed into the oceans the pH decreases and the ocean becomes more acidic.
There is more CO2 evaporating into the ocean as a result of human-driven increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The average pH of the ocean is currently 8.1, which is basic (or alkaline), but when more CO2 is absorbed, the pH drops and the ocean turns more acidic.
What is pH?
pH is a measurement of how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is in relation to other liquids. The phrase, which is frequently used in chemistry, biology, and agronomy, converts hydrogen ion concentrations, which typically vary between 1 and 1014 gram-equivalents per litre, into numbers between 0 and 14.
Therefore, As more co2 is absorbed into the oceans the pH decreases and the ocean becomes more acidic.
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gf what kind of chemical formula would an ionic compound have if the compound consists of a face centered cubic lattice
X₇Y₂₄ kind of chemical formula would an ionic compound have if the compound consists of a face centered cubic lattice
In chemistry, what exactly is a chemical?
Any substance with a known concentration is a chemical. To put it in another way, a chemical constantly consists of one "substance." There are some substances in nature, like water. Other chemicals, including chlorine, are produced (used for bleaching fabrics or in swimming pools).
What is a chemical, exactly?If everything composed of matter is composed of chemicals, then only phenomena composed entirely of material are not composed of chemicals: A chemical is not energy. Neither are emotions, emotions, gravity, or magnetism molecules, nor are light, heat, or sound
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A 15.0 mL sample of 0.10 M lead(II) nitrate, Pb(NO).(aq), reacts with a 10.0 mL sample of 0.20 M potassium sulfide, KS(aq), according to the equation below. Pb(NO)(aq) + KS(aq) --2 KNO(aq) + PbS() Which of the following correctly lists the ions remaining in solution in order of increasing concentration once the reaction has stopped? A) [S] <[NO,') < [K] B) [S] [NO, -1 - [K] C) [NO, 1 <[K] D) (Pb"] <[NO, 1 = [K")
(D) [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex]<[tex]NO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]=[tex]K^{+}[/tex] is the right answer for the ions remaining in solution in order of increasing concentration once the reaction has stopped.
What is concentration ?
The no of mol of solute present per litre of solution is known as molarity , for normality we consider no of equivallent of solute per litre of solution.
1 mol of [tex]Pb(NO_{3})_{2}[/tex] gives 2 mol of [tex]KNO_{3}[/tex] here 1.5 mol of [tex]Pb(NO_{3})_{2}[/tex] gives 3 mol of KNO3.
[tex]Pb(NO_{3})_{2} +K_{2}S- > PbS+ 2KNO_{3}[/tex]
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In terms of equipment considerations, avoiding the maximum limits of the dive tables is wise because?
a. Dive tables are precise.
b. It is hard to read dive tables while underwater.
c. Depth gauges can malfunction and / or be read inaccurately.
d. you can get nitrogen narcosis more easily.
The correct answer is
c. Depth gauges can malfunction and/or read inaccurately.
What is Dive Table?
Dive tables are carefully formulated charts that provide a wealth of safety data to assist divers venturing into the ocean. They are traditionally printed on booklets or cards, for the diver to refer to before jumping in the water.
These dive tables provide valuable information such as how much time divers are allowed to stay at a specified depth, how deep they can go with the amount of air they are breathing, the interval in which they should resurface, and much more. With that information at hand, divers are able to plan out their dives according to their individual parameters, capability, current physical condition, and how deep they want to dive.
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substance q had a vapor pressure of 345 mmhg at 22.00c. what's the temperature at a vapor pressure of 275 mmhg? the heat of vaporization of q is 36.0 kj/mol.
Substance q had a vapor pressure of 345 mmHg at 22.00°C. Then 19.6° C is the temperature at a vapor pressure of 275 mmHg.
As stated in the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
ln ( P2 / P1 ) = - ΔH / R ( 1 / T2 - 1 / T1 )
∴ ln ( 275 / 345 ) = - 36 / 8.314 (1 / T2 - 1 / 295)
∴ - 0.235 = - 4.33 ( 295 - T2 / 295 T2 )
∴ 15.98 T2 = 295 - T2
∴ 14.98 T2 = 295
∴ T2 = 19.6 °C
So, The temperature is 19.6 °C at vapor pressure of 275 mmHg.
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in most cocktails, when is ice placed in the glass? group of answer choices before the mix is poured after the mix is poured it depends on the recipe it depends on the type of alcohol used
If you're making a drink in a shaker tin or a mixing glass, then you add the ice last.
Do you put ice in before or after cocktail?When making mixed drinks, first add ice, then liquor and then your mixers. The average pour of alcohol is 1.5 ounces (or a “jigger”), but depending on your mixers and audience, it can go anywhere from 1 to 2.In the 16th century, it was the Italians who brought back the use of ice. France, borrowing the tradition from Italy, was the first country to bring ice back, but as an extravagance.By putting the ice in first it gives the alcohol a chance to chill down and any mix to mix with it. If after the alcohol it traps it and the mixers won't mix with the alcohol. You use ice during the cocktail making process to chill a drink. The best size of ice cubes for drink chilling is 1-inch cubes, which is a standard ice cube. This allows for maximum chilling with the right amount of melt for drink dilution.Cocktail ice is an essential ingredient that many overlook. Not only does it keep your drink at a chilled temperature, but it also impacts the overall quality of the cocktail. Adding the right type of ice to your drink will help to ensure that all the ingredients bind together to create one, delicious mixture.To learn more about type of alcohol refer to:
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enter the chemical formula for cesium sulfite
what is the geometry around the central atom in the following molecular model of no3-? question 32 options: a) linear b) bent c) trigonal planar d) trigonal pyramidal
the geometry around the central atom in the following molecular model of nitrate d) trigonal pyramidal
The bond angle is slightly less than 109.5 degrees, or roughly 107 degrees, for trigonal pyramidal geometry. When the electron-pair geometry is tetrahedral for bent molecular geometry, the bond angle is roughly 105 degrees.
Due to the additional repulsion from the lone pair, trigonal pyramidal geometries have a bond angle that is less than 109.5°. The single lone pair is located at the location of the fourth bond in the tetrahedral structure, on top of the molecule. The bent geometry is the last geometry for the fourth electron group.
Groundwater frequently contains nitrate, which, if consumed in high concentrations, can have detrimental effects on health. Nitrate has no flavor, odor, or color. Nitrate that occurs naturally in small amounts can be normal, but large amounts can contaminate groundwater.
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differentiate between competency and capacity.
Answer: It is important to differentiate capacity from competency. Competency is a global assessment and a legal determination made by a judge in court. Capacity, on the other hand, is a functional assessment regarding a particular decision.
Explanation: Competency is a global assessment and a legal determination made by a judge in court. Capacity, on the other hand, is a functional assessment regarding a particular decision. Capacity is not static, and it can be performed by any clinician familiar with the patient.
When the temperature of a 3. 0-l sample of a gas is dropped from 200°c to 100°c, what will be the final volume of the gas sample?.
P1V1T1=P2V2T2 Add 273 to convert degrees Celsius to Kelvin:
∴200×25/298=250×V2/273, ∴V2=200×25×273/298×250, ∴V2=18.32L
Where is the volume equation?The basic formula for volume is length, breadth, and height, as opposed to length, width, and height for the area of a rectangular shape. The calculation is unaffected by how you refer to the various dimensions; for instance, you can use "depth" instead of "height."
What is chemistry using volume units?Volume, which is measured in cubic units, is the 3-dimensional space occupied by matter or encircled by a surface. The cubic meter (m3), a derived unit, is the SI unit of volume.
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what's the difference between adhesion cohesion
Answer:
Cohesive force is the force that attracts molecules of the same substance. Adhesive force is the force that binds molecules of different substances together.
how many minutes would it take to deposit 1.36g of copper from an aqaueos solution of copper(ii) sulfate by passing a current of 2.00 amperes through the solution
The time that is required to deposit the certain grams of copper is 34 min.
The charge that is carried by 2 moles of electrons is 96500 C. The amount of copper deposited is 1.36 g.
Thus, the charge required to deposit 1.36 g copper is calculated as follows:
=1.36 g*63.55 g/mol*96500 C
=4130 C
The current passing in an aqueous solution is 2.00 A.
Thus, the time required to deposit the amount of copper is calculated as follows:
t=q/C
t=4130 C/2.00 A
t=34 min
Thus, the time needed is 34 min.
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in a test trial, using 6% 4xtra strenght bleach at room temperature, 100.0ml of oxygen gas was produced in 2.03 seconds. calculate the average reaction rate for the oxygen gas
49.26 mol/sec is the average reaction rate for the oxygen gas
2 Na+ + 2ClO- --> 2Na+ + 2Cl- + O2
average reaction= formation of oxygen/time
average reaction=100/2.03
average reaction=49.26 mol/sec
Reaction rate is the rate at which a chemical reaction moves forward. It is frequently expressed in terms of either the concentration of a reactant that is consumed in a unit of time or the concentration of a product that is formed in a unit of time (amount per unit volume). You could also define it in terms of how much of the reactants are used up or how much of the products are produced in a given amount of time.
Depending on the nature of the reacting substances, the type of chemical transformation, the temperature, and other factors, chemical reactions can move along at vastly different rates. In general, covalent bond breaking reactions take much longer than those involving the combination of atoms or ions (electrically charged particles).
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the diagrams above represent two allotropes of solid phosphorus. which of the following correctly identifies the allotrope with the higher melting point and explains why?
Allotrope 1 has the higher melting point because it lacks the covalent bonds between phosphorus atoms that are present in allotrope 2.
The Melting Point Differences Between Allotropes of Solid PhosphorusAllotropes of solid phosphorus are different forms of the element which differ in their molecular arrangement and structure. Allotrope 1 is a more stable form and has a higher melting point than that of allotrope 2 due to the absence of covalent bonds between the phosphorus atoms in allotrope 1.
The structure of allotrope 1 is an ordered arrangement in which the phosphorus atoms form a three-dimensional lattice. This lattice structure is held together by strong Van der Waals forces, which are electrostatic attractions between the atoms. This structure is more stable than that of allotrope 2 and has a higher melting point due to the increased strength of the interatomic forces.
In contrast, the structure of allotrope 2 is much less ordered, and the phosphorus atoms are held together by covalent bonds. This structure is not as stable as that of allotrope 1 and has a lower melting point. The covalent bonds between the phosphorus atoms are much weaker than the forces in allotrope 1, and consequently the melting point of allotrope 2 is lower.
This question is incomplete, so I am attaching the image that contains the information needed to answer it.
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carbon monoxide bonds very tightly to hemoglobin and cytochromes because of this shared feature. what is it?
Carbon monoxide bonds very tightly to hemoglobin and cytochromes because it has porphyrin iron.
Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that consists of oxygen. The hemoglobin test measures how a whole lot of hemoglobin is in your blood. Hemoglobin is the maximum essential thing for red blood cells. it is composed of a protein known as heme, which binds oxygen.
If a hemoglobin test famous that your hemoglobin stage is lower than normal, it way you have got a low red blood cell count number (anemia).
Many distinctive forms of hemoglobin (Hb) exist. The maximum not unusual ones are HbA, HbA2, HbE, HbF, HbS, HbC, HbH, and HbM. Healthful adults handiest have giant tiers of most effective HbA and HbA2.
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for the reaction represented by the equation so3 h2o ® h2so4, how many grams of sulfur trioxide are required to produce 4.00 mol of sulfuric acid in an excess of water? group of answer choices 160. g 320. g 80.0 g 240.
The mass of the Sulphur trioxide is 320 grams.
The balanced chemical equation for the above reaction is expressed as:
SO₃ + H₂O → H₂SO₄
According to the equation, 1 mole of SO₃ produces 1 mole of H₂SO₄, hence, the moles of SO₃ will be 4.00 moles.
Obtain the mass of SO₃ by using the equation,
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 4.0 × [32+3(16)]
Mass = 4.0 × 80
Mass = 320 grams
Hence the mass of of sulfur trioxide are required to produce 4.00 mol of sulfuric acid in an excess of water is 320 grams.
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What mode of transportation is limited to specialized products such as liquids and gases?.
Pipeline transportation is only available for specialist goods like liquids and gases.
What makes liquid?Delicate, invisible particles that are constant motion and layer on top of one another make up liquids. The particles are held together by cohesive forces, yet they are not firmly adhered to one another as in a solid. Despite touching one another, the particles can still pass freely one another.
What is liquid in physics?An liquid is still a sample of stuff that adopts the shape of the container it is stored in and develops a defined surface when gravity is present. The state, or situation, of substance having this attribute is also referred to as liquid.
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Which of the following provides the best explanation for why the water drop does not slide off the inclined plane?
O A The polar water molecules are absorbed by the underlying surface O B The polar water molecules cause the surface to become temporarily charged, causing adhesion
O C The polar water molecules exert strong cohesive forces on one another
O D The polar water molecules are repelled by the nonpolar surface
The best explanation for why the water drop does not slide off the sloped plane is that water is both cohesive and adhesive in nature which means, The polar water molecules cause the surface to become temporarily charged, causing adhesion.
What is Polar water?The water with a +ive charge on the hydrogen pole and -ve charge on the Oxygen pole is termed as the polar water.
Cohesive:It is the ability of the water molecules (H2O) to be attracted by each other that means by another water molecules. This ability of water is termed as Cohesiveness of water.
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what quantity of heat (in kj) will be released if 0.4501 mol of nh₃ are mixed with 0.200 mol of o₂ in the following chemical reaction? 4 nh₃ (g) o₂ (g) → 2 n₂h₄ (g) 2 h₂o (g) ∆h°
32.18 KJ/mol of heat will be released if 0.4501 mol of NH₃ are mixed with 0.200 mol of O₂.
Limiting reagent- The reactant that is totally consumed during a reaction, or the limiting reagent, decides when the process comes to an end. The precise quantity of reactant required to react with another element can be estimated from the reaction stoichiometry.
1 mole of O₂ and 4 moles of NH₃ reacts-
therefore,
A reaction between 0.4501 mole of NH₃ should occur with 0.4501 x 1 / 4 = 0.1013 moles of O₂
O₂ is an excess reagent, and NH₃ is a limiting reagent.
286 KJ/mol of energy are released by 4 moles of NH₃.
0.4501 mole The amount of energy released by NH₃ =286KJ/mol x 0.4501 / 4mol
= 32.1822 KJ/mol of energy
Thus, heat released is -32.18 KJ/mol.
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