C. Pipet Analytical balance,It is expected that the accuracy of the following equipment will be examined depending on the equipment listed: Thermometer Graduated Cylinder Thermometer Buret C.
Pipet Analytical balance, part E These tools are frequently used in scientific experiments to measure volume, temperature, and weight. It's also crucial to understand the difference between accuracy and precision. While precision refers to the reproducibility of a series of measurements, accuracy relates to how near a measurement is to the real value of the quantity being measured.While 10 ml graduated cylinders feature marks every tenth of a milliliter, most 50 ml graduated cylinders have markings spaced every milliliter. Our measurement should be more precise if we use a 10 ml graduated container than if we use a 50 ml graduated container. We refer to an instrument as being ACCURATE if it produces values that are extremely near to the genuine value. Example: The same sample was measured three times using a graduated cylinder, yielding readings of 566 mL, 584 mL, and 541 mL. These three figures add out to 563.7 mL on average.
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In each compound below, two protons are color-coded (red and blue). Determine which of the two protons is more acidic, and explain your choice: O The red proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is more stable, with a negative charge on the less electronegative carbon atom. O The red proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is less stable, with a negative charge on the less electronegative carbon atomO The blue proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is more stable, with a negative charge on the more electronegative oxygen atom. O The blue proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is less stable, with a negative charge on the more electronegative oxygen atom
"The blue proton is more acidic because its conjugate base is less stable, with a negative charge on the more electronegative oxygen atom." is the correct choice
The acidity of a proton depends on the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the less acidic the proton.
In this case, the blue proton is bonded to an oxygen atom, which is more electronegative than the carbon atom to which the red proton is bonded.
When the blue proton is removed, the resulting negative charge is delocalized onto the oxygen atom, which is more electronegative, therefore the conjugate base is less stable, making the blue proton more acidic.
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the relationship between moles of a solute dissolved and the moles of solute particles in solution is expressed as the van't hoff factor, i i, where: i =___
i = moles of solute in solution/moles of solute dissolved.
where i is called the van't hoff factor.
In a solution, solute ion association results in values less than 1.
In a solution, solute particles that interact together produce values greater than 1.
What is van't hoff factor?The ratio of the final moles after dissociation or association to the initial moles before to dissociation or association of an electrolyte in a solution is known as the Van't Hoff factor. The number of particles in the solute is a characteristic that is independent to the concentration of the solution.
The Van't Hoff factor illustrates how solutes affect the colligative properties of the solution. The Van't Hoff factor, which is produced when a substance is combined with its mass concentration, is the concentration ratio of the resulting particles.
The Van't Hoff factor's application in indicating the colligative properties is a significant attribute.
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The relationship between moles of a solute dissolved and the moles of solute is expressed as the van't hoff factor, i where i = 1 + α(n – 1)
Van’t Hoff factor is defined as the the number of moles of particles formed in solution per mole of solute. It is the property of the solute and expressed as "i". It does not depend on concentration for an ideal solution. The van’t Hoff factor of a real solution may be lower than the calculated value for a real solution. At high concentration values or when the solute ions associate with one another. The van’t Hoff factor is a positive number. It is not always an integer value. It is equal to 1 for a solute that does not dissociate into ions. It is greater than 1 for most salts and acids and less than 1 for solutes that form associations when dissolved.
Where, i = 1 + α(n – 1)
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A tank holds 52.9 cm3 of water. What is the volume in in3?
The volume of the tank that holds 52.9cm³ of water in cubic inches is 3.23 in³.
How to calculate volume?Volume refers to a three-dimensional measure of space that comprises a length, a width and a height.
Volume is measured in units of cubic centimeters in metric, cubic inches or cubic feet in English measurement.
According to this question, a tank holds 52.9cm³ of water. This volume can be converted to cubic inches as follows:
1 cubic centimetre (cm³) = 0.061 cubic inch (in³)
Hence, 3.23 in³ is the volume in cubic inches.
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What is the symbolic expression for the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) ⇌ 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)?
Considering the definition of equilibrium constant, the equilibrium molar the symbolic expression for the equilibrium constant is ([tex][CO_{2} ]^{4}[/tex]×[tex][H_{2} O]^{6}[/tex])÷ ([tex][C_{2}H_{6} ]^{2}[/tex]×[tex][O_{2} ]^{7}[/tex])
Equilibrium constantEquilibrium is a state of a reactant system in which no changes are observed as time passes, despite the fact that the substances present continue to react with each other.
The concentration of reactants and products at equilibrium is related by the equilibrium constant Kc. Its value in a chemical reaction depends on the temperature and the expression of a reaction aA + bB ⇄ cC + dD is
Kc= ([tex][C]^{c}[/tex]×[tex][D]^{d}[/tex])÷ ([tex][A]^{a}[/tex]×[tex][B]^{b}[/tex])
That is, the constant Kc is equal to the multiplication of the concentrations of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients by the multiplication of the concentrations of the reactants also raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.
Symbolic expression for the equilibrium constant in this caseThe balanced reaction is:
2 C₂H₆(g) + 7 O₂(g) ⇆ 4 CO₂(g) + 6 H₂O(g)
The constant Kc can be expressed as:
Kc= ([tex][CO_{2} ]^{4}[/tex]×[tex][H_{2} O]^{6}[/tex])÷ ([tex][C_{2}H_{6} ]^{2}[/tex]×[tex][O_{2} ]^{7}[/tex])
Finally, the equilibrium molar concentration is ([tex][CO_{2} ]^{4}[/tex]×[tex][H_{2} O]^{6}[/tex])÷ ([tex][C_{2}H_{6} ]^{2}[/tex]×[tex][O_{2} ]^{7}[/tex])
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HELP!!!!!!
You add 9.6 g of iron to 23.60 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 24.82 mL. Calculate the density of iron.
Express you’re answer to two significant figures with the appropriate units.
Answer I need is Value and the Units
The density of the iron placed in the water is 7.87g/mL.
How to calculate density?Density is the measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume. The density of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume as follows:
Density = mass ÷ volume
According to this question, one adds 9.6 g of iron to 23.60 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 24.82 mL.
Volume of iron = 24.82mL - 23.60mL = 1.22mL
Density of iron = 9.6g ÷ 1.22mL
Density of iron = 7.87g/mL
Therefore, 7.87g/mL is the density of the iron.
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According to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control, the number of deaths by
AIDS has dropped; however, the slowing decline concerns experts. Considering the data
about new AIDS cases provided in the circle graph, what conclusion can be drawn about
the AIDS epidemic in 2000?
A. AIDS medications are powerful and extremely successful.
B. Most people are not concerned about AIDS.
C. All races are equally affected by the AIDS epidemic.
OD. Many people are still misinformed about the severity of AIDS.
E. More children and teenagers are affected by AIDS than adults.
Answer:
E. More people from African American ethnic group is affected by AIDS than other groups.
Explanation:
because it is supported by the data provided in the circle graph. The graph shows that 48% of new AIDS cases in 2000 were in the African American population, while only 31% were in the white population and 20% were in the Hispanic population. This indicates that a disproportionate number of African Americans were affected by the AIDS epidemic in 2000. While option D "Many people are still misinformed about the severity of AIDS" is a possible conclusion, but it is not directly stated or implied by the data provided in the graph.
NO(g) and O2 (9) react to form NO2(9). The rate law of the reaction is rate = k[NO]° [02]. If the reaction occurs in a single elementary step that is a three-body molecular collision, then which of the following is the equation for the elementary step? A. N+0+0+ NO2 B. 2 NO + O2 + 2 NO2 C. N + O2 + NO2 D. N2 + 2 O2 + 2 NO2
If the reaction occurs in the single elementary step that is the three-body molecular collision, then the equation for the elementary step is :
2NO + O₂ -----> 2NO₂
The rate law of the reaction is given as :
Rate law = k [NO]² [O₂]
The rate law shows that how the rate of the chemical reaction depends on the concentration reactant. The Rate laws shows the mathematical description that how the changes in the amount of the substance affect the rate of the chemical reaction.
Therefore, The equation for the elementary step is given as below :
2NO + O₂ -----> 2NO₂
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based on its electron configuration explain why hydrogen can only have two valence electrons around it when it bonds to other atoms what is the maximim number of bonds hydrtogen will form
Due to the fact that hydrogen only has one electron in its outermost shell, it can only create one covalent connection with an atoms. Although hydrogen configuration of hydrogen is 1s1, and the 1s orbital's
The fundamental building components of matter are atoms. They have an electron-surrounded nucleus made up of protons and neutrons. The element to which an atom belongs is determined by the quantity of protons in the nucleus. For instance, all hydrogen atoms contain a single proton but all carbon atoms have six protons in their nucleus. Atoms may combine to create molecules, which are the building blocks of everything around us. Atoms may also join together to create compounds, which differ from the sum of their component atoms in terms of their chemical and physical characteristics. Atomic science or atomic physics is the study of atoms and how they behave.
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convert 3.63 days into seconds
Answer: 313,632 seconds
Explanation:
Deduce the structure, and give the IUPAC name, of the ester used to obtain the 1H NMR spectrum below.
The IUPAC name is isobutyl propanate .Isobutyl propionate is widely used in food and beverage industries as a rum flavor.
Obtain the 1H NMR spectrum below?
The number of signals these molecule's produce in a 1H NMR spectrum can be determined just by counting the number of distinct hydrogens on one side of the plane of symmetry.NMR spectroscopy commonly used for compound analysis is 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Techniques can be used to determine the structure conformation, the number of protons, and the number of carbons in the structure of a chemical compound.Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (proton NMR, hydrogen-1 NMR, or 1H NMR) is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance in NMR spectroscopy with respect to hydrogen-1 nuclei within the molecules of a substance, in order to determine the structure of its molecules.To learn more about ester refer to:
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How many hydrogen atoms are in : (NH,)CO,?
NH2CO is the chemical compound known as Formamide, it is a molecule that consists of one nitrogen atom, two hydrogen atoms, one carbon atom, and one oxygen atom. Therefore, the number of hydrogen atoms in NH2CO is 2.
only one of each of the following pairs of reactants undergoes a reaction. complete and balance the equation for the reaction which occurs. write no reaction next to the reaction that does not occur.
NaCl + BaCl2 --> NaBaCl4 ;NO3- + OH- + Al --> Al(OH)3 + NO3- ;CO32- + OH- + Al --> Al(OH)3+ CO32- ;K + Cl- --> KCl; Ag+ + Cl- --> AgCl(s).
NaCl (aq) + BaCl2(aq) --> NaBaCl4(aq) (This is a neutralization reaction between a strong acid and a strong base) ;NO3-(aq) + OH-(aq) + Al(s) --> Al(OH)3(s) + NO3-(aq) (This is a precipitation reaction between aluminum and hydroxide ions); CO32-(aq) + OH-(aq) + Al(s) --> Al(OH)3(s) + CO32-(aq) (This is a precipitation reaction between aluminum and hydroxide ions) ;K+(aq) + Cl-(aq) --> KCl(aq) (This is a combination reaction between a metal cation and a nonmetal anion) ;Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) --> AgCl(s) (This is a precipitation reaction between silver and chloride ions).
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The complete question is :
Only one of each of the following pairs of reactants undergoes a reaction. Complete and balance the equation for the reaction that occurs :NaCl(aq)+BaCl2(aq)==>Na2SO4(aq)+BaCl2(aq)==>NO−3(aq)+OH(aq)+Al(s)==>?CO2−3(aq)+OH−(aq)+Al(s)==>?K+(aq)+Cl−(aq)==>?Ag+(aq)+Cl−(aq)==>?
Growth that increases at a constant percentage per unit time is known as_____ growth
[tex]\huge\underline{\red{A}\green{n}\blue{s}\purple{w}\pink{e}\orange{r} →}[/tex]
Exponential
Explanation:
Growth that increases at a constant percentage per unit time is known as Exponential growth.
Hope it helps you ~"ElementElectronegativityH2.1C2.5S2.54.0FCI3.0Si1.8On the basis of the information above, which of the following arranges the binary compounds in order of increasing bond polarity? A. CH4
On the basis of the information above, the binary compounds in order of increasing bond polarity are CH4 < SiCl4 < SF4.
Definition of Binary CompoundsBinary compounds are forms of compounds that are processed from two elemental components. The elements that can form binary compounds can be metal elements and non-metallic elements. In addition, the constituent elements can also come from both.
The elements of a binary compound are:
Non-Metal Elements: C,H,O,N,S,P,F,Cl,Br,I,At,B,Be etc.
Elements Metals Similar oxidation numbers : IA : Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr and IIA : Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and Al, Zn, Ag and so on.
Metal elements with more than one oxidation number: Fe, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, Sn, V, Mn, Hg, Pt, Au, Sc, Ti, and so on.
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The mass of a single tungsten atom is 3.05×10-22 grams. How many tungsten atoms would there be in 37.9 milligrams of tungsten?
Answer:
N = M / mW = 4850 / (3.05 * 10-22) = 1.59 * 1025 atoms of tungsten.
To find the number of tungsten atoms in 37.9 milligrams of tungsten, we first need to convert the mass from milligrams to grams. 1 milligram is equal to 10^-3 grams.
37.9 milligrams = 37.9 x 10^-3 grams = 0.03709 grams
Now we have the mass of tungsten in grams. Next, we need to find the number of atoms by dividing the mass of tungsten by the mass of a single tungsten atom.
0.03709 grams / (3.05 x 10^-22 grams/atom) = 12.16 x 10^21 atoms
Therefore, there would be 12.16 x 10^21 atoms of tungsten in 37.9 milligrams of tungsten.
Note: This is a very large number, it is more commonly expressed in scientific notation.
In the OSI Model, which of the following functions are performed at the Application Layer? (select All that apply)
- Data translation
- Enabling communication between network clients and services
- Conversation Identification
- Integration of network functionality into the host operating system.
B: "Enabling communication between network clients and network services and D: "integration of network functionality with the host operating system" are the functions of the Application Layer in the OSI Model.
The Application Layer is the seventh and highest layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model. It is responsible for providing the interface between the application software and the network. The application layer provides the services that support the use of the network by the application programs. It is the layer at which the user interacts with the network and is the point at which the network becomes application-specific.
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calculate the concentration of pb2 (in m) when the cell reaches equilibrium, assuming that the volume of solution in both half cells are the same
You need to know the following details to determine the concentration of Pb2+ when the cell achieves equilibrium:the two half-cells' original Pb2+ concentrationsthe half-electrode cell's potential for Pb2+ and lead
A chemical system is said to be in equilibrium when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. The concentrations of the reactants and products are constant at equilibrium. When there is no net change in the concentration of reactants or products over time, a chemical system is said to be in equilibrium.When the rates of the forward and reverse processes are equal and the concentrations of reactants and products are constant, a closed system has reached equilibrium. Equilibrium is attained in an open system when the rate of reactant input equals the rate of product outflow.Dynamic equilibrium and thermodynamic equilibrium are the two different kinds of equilibrium. Dynamic balance
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bret technology is still not as sensitive as fluorescence-based technologies, which can limit its applications in certain fields such as single-molecule detection.
The BRET technology is the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer. It describes the energy that transfers in between the light emitting molecule and the light sensitive molecule. This statement is true.
The BRET technology describes the energy that transfers in between the light emitting molecule and the light sensitive molecule. It is the biophysical technique that is used to monitor proximity in the living cells. The fluorescence-based technologies based on the measurement of emission photons by molecules that is activated by absorption of the quantum of the electro magnetic radiation.
Thus, The BRET technology limit its applications in the certain fields such as single-molecule detection.
This question is incomplete, the complete question is :
Bret technology is still not as sensitive as fluorescence-based technologies, which can limit its applications in certain fields such as single-molecule detection. The given as :
a) True
b) False
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which of the following acids will have the strongest conjugate base? A. hcn B. h2so4 C. hclo4 D. hi E. nacl
The acidity of HCN is very low. As a result, the conjugate base formed by it is the strongest.
In the framework of the Bronsted–Lowry acid–base theory, a conjugate acid is a chemical compound that is produced when an acid transfers a proton (H⁺) to a base. To put it another way, a conjugate acid is a base that has an additional hydrogen ion attached to it, whereas, in the opposite reaction, a base would lose a hydrogen ion.
On the other hand, a conjugate base is the byproduct of a chemical reaction that occurs after an acid has given up a proton in order to complete the reaction. Therefore, a conjugate base is a species that is created when a proton is removed from an acid. This is because the conjugate base is capable of gaining a hydrogen ion in the reverse process. Because some acids are able to release numerous protons, the conjugate base of acid may itself be acidic. This is due to the fact that some acids have this ability.
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Categorize each gas phase reaction with the expected volume change when the absolute temperature is doubled. 3A + B rightarrow A_ B A + B_ rightarrow AB_ 2A_ + 3B_ rightarrow 2AB_ 2AB + B_ rightarrow 2AB_ 2AB_ rightarrow A_ + 2B_ A_ + B_ rightarrow 2AB Volume stays the same Volume doubles Volume triples Some other volume change occurs
Each gas phase reaction is categorized according to the volume present before and after the reaction.
Gas-phase reactions can be defined as the intramolecular or intermolecular reactions that takes place between different phases of gas. Intramolecular reactions are defined as the reactions which involves decomposition of precursor molecules into activated species, and these species are further involved in the CVD process.
When the volume stays the same the gas phase reaction is given as,
A + B₂ → AB₂
When the volume is doubled the gas phase reaction is given as,
A₂ + B₂ → 2AB
When the volume is tripled the gas phase reaction is given as,
2AB₂ → A₂ + 2B₂
At some other volume changes different gas phase reactions are as follows,
2AB + B₂ → 2AB₂
2A₂ + 3B₂ → 2AB₃
3A + B → A₃B
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According to the law of conservation of mass, which statement about chemical reactions is always true?
Answer: The total mass of the products must be equal to the total mass of the reactants
Explanation:
What types of bonds are present in an ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion?
Answer:
In Explanation
Explanation:
An ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion is a chemical compound made up of two or more ions that are held together by ionic bonds. Ionic bonds form when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, creating ions with a positive or negative charge. In the case of an ionic compound that contains a polyatomic ion, the compound will contain at least one ion made up of more than one atom. These ions are called polyatomic ions and they have a net electrical charge. The ionic compound will be held together by the electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions.
I need it asappp...
a. sky. diver. that jumps from a plane falls down. towards the ground. when he. opens his parachute he will slow down explain the. forces that. are acting. on it
The forces that act on the parachute are;
UpthrustWeight and Drag forceWhat are the forces that act on the parachute?We know that force is a vector, as such, the direction of the force ie very important. We ought to know that the force that acts on the parachute is such that would be able to lower its speed.
There are three forces that are acting on the parachute and they are;
1) Weight of the parachute
2) Upthrust on the parachute
3) Drag force on the parachute
The first and last forces reduces the speed of the parachute.
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which of the molecules would you expect to have the lowest lumo energy? explain your answer (next question). i have to manually grade this. which of the molecules would you expect to have the lowest lumo energy? explain your answer (next question). i have to manually grade this. a b c d
As resonance decreases the energy gap, 1 has the lowest homo lumo energy. By replacing electron-donating groups, homo energy level rises.
How is a molecule created?A molecule is produced when several atoms join together and bind with one another. When a bond forms between two atoms, each shares one electron. A covalent bond results in the formation of a molecule.
Can people make molecules?Sometimes you just have to make stuff yourself if you want it done well. That most definitely could be the case when employing molecules to build minuscule gadgets like drug-delivering nano-robots.
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The complete question is -
Which of the following molecules would you expect to have the smallest HOMO LUMO energy gap?
you are better at performing lab experiments, and your lab partner is better at writing lab reports. so the two of you agree that you will do all the experiments, and she will write up all the reports.
The correct answer for the question is there are gains from the trade.
What is the principle that is stated above?There are gains from trade, which is a principle that can be mutually beneficial to each other.Trade is the activity of economic stakeholders exchanging products or services to meet their demands.The surplus of benefits from trade is referred to as the gain from trade. The parties' demands are met by exchanging similar goods or services.The gains from the trade are described as someone’s strength in their fields being shared with others who have their own strengths. It can be linked with trade, in which the economic agents offer their products to each other.Your question seems incomplete, it might be:
You are better at performing lab experiments, and your lab partner is better at writing lab reports. So, the two of you agree that you will do all the experiments, and she will write up all the reports. What term in individual principle is this?
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Two students are making models of cells in plants and animals. They choose an expanding and shrinking rubber band to show how one type of cell acts. Which type of cell does the rubber band best model?
Plant cells contain two elements: a cell wall and a cell membrane. In plants, the cell wall covers the cell membrane. This gives the plant cell its distinct rectangular shape.
For which cell types is the rubber band model best suited?A rubber band is a loop of rubber, usually a ring or oval, commonly used to hold multiple objects together.Elasticity: The molecular structure. of rubber materials allows them to return to their original shape after being compressed or stretched.This property is evident in rubber bands.Other rubber products may contain synthetic rubber, but most rubber bands are primarily made from natural rubber due to its excellent elasticity. Natural rubber is made from the milky sap obtained by tapping the bark layer of rubber trees.To learn more about rubber band from the given link:
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What is the percent by mass of barium in BaCl₂?
The percent by mass of barium in BaCl₂ is 34.09%.
How to calculate percentage by mass?The percentage by mass of an element in a compound can be calculated by dividing the mass of the element in 1 mole of the compound by the compound's molar mass and multiply the result by 100.
Percentage by mass = mass of element/mass of compound × 100
According to this question, a compound with the chemical formula BaCl₂ can be calculated as follows:
Molar mass of barium chloride = 208.23 g/mol
Percent by mass of Cl = 71/208.23 × 100
Percent by mass of chlorine = 34.09%
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Calcium reacts with zinc carbonate in a single replacement reaction in order to produce calcium carbonate zinc. If you have 128 grams of calcium and 392 grams of zinc carbonate and you end up producing 304 grams of calcium carbonate, how many grams of zinc are also made
The mass of zinc is made from the single replacement reaction of calcium and zinc carbonate in order to produce calcium carbonate and zinc is 198 g.
What mass of zinc is made from the single replacement reaction of calcium and zinc carbonate in order to produce calcium carbonate and zinc?The mass of zinc is made from the single replacement reaction of calcium and zinc carbonate in order to produce calcium carbonate and zinc is calculated from the equation of reaction given as follows:
Ca (s) + ZnCO₃ (s) ----> CaCO₃ (s) + Zn (s)
The molar mass of Calciym = 40 g/mol
The molar mass of Calcium carbonate = 100 g/mol
The molar mass of Zinc = 65 g/mol
The molar mass of Zinc carbonate = 125 g/mol
Moles of calcium carbonate produced = 304/100
Moles of calcium carbonate produced = 3.04
Mass of Zinc produced = 3.04 * 65
Mass of Zinc produced = 198 g
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A solution contains both iron(II) and iron(III) ions. A 50.00-mL sample of the solution is titrated with 35.0 mL of 0.0280 M KMnO4, which oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+. The permanganate ion is reduced to manganese(II) ion. The equation for this reaction is
The equation for this reaction is
MnO4-(aq)+5Fe2+ (aq) +8H+ → Mn2+(aq)+5Fe3+(aq)+4H20
Concentration of Fe2+ in sample is 98 * 10 - 3 mole/L.
Concentration of Fe3+ in sample is 36.4×10-3 mole/L
Volume of sample = 50.0 mL
Volume of KMnO4 = 35.0 mL
Molarity of KMnO4 = 0.0280M
2MnO4-(aq) +8H+(aq) + 5Fe * 2 + (aq) Mn2+ (aq) + 5Fe * 3 + (aq) +4H20
2Fe3+(aq)+Zn(s) → 2Fe2+(aq)+Zn2+(aq)
The resulting solution titrated witH:
Volume of KMnO4 = 48.0 mL
Molarity of KMnO4 = 0.0280 M
The given reaction is:
2Mn) 4 - (aq) + 8H +(aq) + 5Fe * 2 + (aq) Mn2+ (aq) + 5Fe * 3 + (aq) +4H20
Divide the above redox reaction into two half reactions that is oxidation half reaction and reduction
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)
Reduction half reaction:
MnO4-(aq) → Mn2+(aq) -
Assign oxidation states to each element in the above reactions.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)
Reduction half reaction: Mn+704--2(aq) → Mn2++2(aq) Balance the elements except oxygen.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)
Reduction half reaction:
Mn+704--2(aq) → Mn2++2(aq)
Now, add number of electrons (required) to that side of reaction where
reduction occurs.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)+e-
Reduction half reaction:
Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- +8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)
Balance the hydrogen and oxygen atoms by adding water molecules.
Oxidation Half reaction:
Fe2+(aq) → Fe3+(aq)+e-
Reduction half reaction:
Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- +8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)+4H20
Multiply the oxidation half reaction with 5 to balance the number of electrons in both reactions.
Oxidation Half reaction:
5Fe2+(aq) → 5Fe3+(aq)+5e- -
Reduction half reaction: Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- Now, add both reactions.
+8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)+4H20
Mn+704--2(aq)+5e- +8H+ → Mn2++2(aq)+4H20 5Fe2+(aq) → 5Fe3+(aq)+5e-
MnO4-(aq)+5Fe2+ (aq) +8H+ → Mn2+(aq)+5Fe3+(aq)+4H20
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The biological function of penicillin, the famous antibiotic responsible for saving countless lives in World War II, stems primarily from the reactivity of which of the following functional groups? A. Sulfide
B. Cyclic amide C. Carboxylic acid D. Acyclic amide
Option C: carboxylic group is the functional group in the penicillin antibiotic that saves countless lives in World War II.
The study of penicillin's bacteria-killing properties, discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, continued. Penicillin, when isolated as a liquid, could be injected into the human bloodstream, where it would attack harmful bacteria while leaving healthy human cells alone. The fused beta-lactam structure, a free carboxyl acid group, and one or more substituted amino acid side chains are the three fundamental structural requirements for penicillin. By 1941, the more potent drug was available in injectable form to soldiers. Thus, option C is the relevant answer.
Gerhard Domagk, a German scientist, announced the development of Prontosil, the first sulfonamide drug, in 1932. Sulfonamides are chemicals that have antibacterial properties. Soldiers could carry these antibiotics, known as "sulfa drugs," in powdered and tablet form, in their medical kits, where they could treat bacterial infections such as streptococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis.
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