The Fed manages to exercise considerable control over the federal funds rate through influence over the supply of and demand for balances at the Reserve Banks. The article discusses how the monetary policy affects the economy.
In order to exercise control over the federal funds rate, the Federal Reserve engages in open market operations. This is the process by which the Fed buys or sells Treasury securities in the open market. When the Fed buys Treasury securities, it injects money into the banking system, which increases the supply of reserves.
This, in turn, lowers the federal funds rate. Conversely, when the Fed sells Treasury securities, it drains money from the banking system, which decreases the supply of reserves. This, in turn, raises the federal funds rate.Therefore, the correct answer is option E: through influence over the supply of and demand for balances at the Reserve Banks.
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An engineer with Accenture Middle East BV in Dubai was asked by her client to help him understand the difference between 150% DB and DDB depreciation. Answer these questions if B = $180,000, n = 12 years, and S =$30,000. (a) What are the book values after 12 years for both methods? (b) How do the estimated salvage and these book values compare in value after 12 years? (c) Which of the two methods, when calculated correctly considering S = $30,000, writes off more of the first cost over 12 years?
(a) The book values after 12 years for both methods are:
150% DB: $30,000
DDB: $0
(b) The estimated salvage value of $30,000 is greater than the book value of $0 for both methods after 12 years.
(c) The 150% DB method writes off more of the first cost over 12 years than the DDB method.
The 150% DB depreciation rate is calculated as follows:
150% / 12 years = 12.5%
How to calculate the valueThe book value of the asset after each year is calculated as follows:
Year 1: $180,000 * 12.5% = $22,500
Year 2: $157,500 * 12.5% = $19,687.50
Year 3: $137,812.50 * 12.5% = $17,181.25
Year 4: $119,625 * 12.5% = $14,953.125
Year 5: $104,671.875 * 12.5% = $13,168.44
Year 6: $91,503.4375 * 12.5% = $11,437.8125
Year 7: $79,065.625 * 12.5% = $9,881.875
Year 8: $69,183.75 * 12.5% = $8,646.875
Year 9: $59,536.875 * 12.5% = $7,316.875
Year 10: $52,220 * 12.5% = $6,530.00
Year 11: $45,690 * 12.5% = $5,665.625
Year 12: $39,024.375 * 12.5% = $4,903.125
As you can see, the book value of the asset decreases by $22,500 in the first year, and then by a decreasing amount each year. After 12 years, the book value of the asset is $0.
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Suppose you are given the following information about some hypothetical economy and its national income accounts. Use this information to answer the questions that follow. (Amounts are in billions of dollars). A. Explain the main elenents used to calculate GDP. using the Expenditure approach.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total value of goods and services produced in a nation. GDP is used as a measure of a nation's economic growth and well-being. In order to calculate GDP, three main elements are used: consumption, investment, and government spending.
The expenditure approach is one of the methods of calculating GDP. It is based on the idea that GDP is equal to the total of all final expenditures made in an economy over a given period of time. There are four components of the expenditure approach: consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports (exports minus imports).
Consumption is the largest component of GDP and represents the total value of all goods and services consumed by households. This includes durable goods (such as cars and appliances), non-durable goods (such as food and clothing), and services (such as healthcare and education).
Investment includes spending by businesses on equipment, structures, and software, as well as residential investment by households (such as spending on housing).
Government spending includes spending by federal, state, and local governments on goods and services, such as education, defense, and infrastructure. By measuring these expenditures, we can get a better understanding of an economy's growth and performance.
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hile working for Meta, Sheryl Sandberg learns that Meta engages in unlawful and unethical behavior. Upon learning about this behavior, she makes people aware of Meta's unlawful conduct and is fired for her actions. She then successfully sues Meta for retaliatory discharge. Concerning the employment-at-will doctrine, this is
a. an example of the doctrine.
b. an exception based on tort theory.
c. an exception based on contract theory.
d. an exception based on public policy.
The correct answer is option d. an exception based on public policy. In the given scenario, Sheryl Sandberg was employed by Meta where she learned that Meta was engaging in unlawful and unethical behavior.
She brought this issue to the attention of the higher authorities, and, for her actions, she was fired by Meta. Sheryl Sandberg then sued Meta for retaliatory discharge which she won. In this context, it is noteworthy that the employment-at-will doctrine, under which an exception can be terminated for any reason or no reason, does not apply in the present case.
Sheryl Sandberg was fired for whistleblowing against the unlawful conduct of her employer. This is an exception based on public policy as an employee cannot be terminated for reporting any unlawful activity of their employer. Hence, Sheryl Sandberg's case can be cited as an example of the exception based on public policy.
As a matter of fact, every state in the United States has enacted a public policy exception to the employment-at-will doctrine.
This means that employees cannot be terminated if the reason is against public policy, for instance, whistleblowing on the part of employees for illegal conduct, among others.
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A two-year STRIPS sells at an interest rate of 3.84 percent and three-year STRIPS sells at a rate of 3.97 percent. What is the implied one-year interest rate two years from now? Assume the rates are effective annual rates
The implied one-year interest rate two years from now, based on the provided information, is approximately -2.83% (or -0.0283 as a decimal).
To determine the implied one-year interest rate two years from now, we can use the concept of bootstrapping in bond pricing.
Let's assume the face value of the STRIPS is $100 for simplicity.
For the two-year STRIPS selling at an interest rate of 3.84 percent, the present value of the bond can be calculated as follows:
PV = Face Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^Time
PV = $100 / (1 + 0.0384)^2
PV = $100 / 1.0784384
PV ≈ $92.61
For the three-year STRIPS selling at an interest rate of 3.97 percent, the present value of the bond can be calculated as follows:
PV = Face Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^Time
PV = $100 / (1 + 0.0397)^3
PV = $100 / 1.12083753
PV ≈ $89.16
Now, let's assume the implied one-year interest rate two years from now is "r." We can set up the equation:
PV of the two-year STRIPS = PV of the three-year STRIPS / (1 + r)^2
$92.61 = $89.16 / (1 + r)^2
Solving this equation for "r" will give us the implied one-year interest rate two years from now.
$92.61 * (1 + r)^2 = $89.16
(1 + r)^2 ≈ $89.16 / $92.61
Taking the square root of both sides:
1 + r ≈ √($89.16 / $92.61)
1 + r ≈ 0.9717
r ≈ 0.9717 - 1
r ≈ -0.0283
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the morning jolt coffee company has projected the following quarterly sales amounts for the coming year: q1 q2 q3 q4 sales $ 680 $ 710 $ 790 $ 860 a. accounts receivable at the beginning of the year are $260. the company has a 45-day collection period. calculate cash collections in each of the four quarters by completing the following: (do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. a negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign.)
The cash collections for each quarter, we need to consider the collection period and the accounts receivable at the beginning of the year.In the first quarter (Q1), the sales amount is $680.
The collection period is the time it takes for the company to collect payments from its customers. In this case, the company has a 45-day collection period. To calculate the cash collections for each quarter, we need to consider the sales amounts and the collection period. In the first quarter (Q1), the sales amount is $680. Since the collection period is 45 days, the cash collections for Q1 will be $680 * (45/365) = $84.38. In the second quarter (Q2), the sales amount is $710. Using the same formula, the cash collections for Q2 will be $710 * (45/365) = $87.67. In the first quarter (Q1), the sales amount is $680.
Since the collection period is 45 days, we can calculate the fraction of the collection period that falls within Q1 by dividing 45 by the total number of days in a year (365): 45/365 = 0.1233. Multiplying the sales amount by this fraction gives us the cash collections for Q1: $680 * 0.1233 = $84.38. In the second quarter (Q2), the sales amount is $710. Using the same formula, we can calculate the cash collections for Q2: $710 * 0.1233 = $87.67.
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1 Explain the challenges of competing in a regional, national, or global market environment with the help of an organisation give me answer as soon as possible write 1500 words use own udeas dont copy paste
In today's economy, businesses have a plethora of opportunities to compete in a variety of market environments, such as regional, national, and global market environments. These market environments, on the other hand, have their own set of challenges.
The success of a business is influenced by how well it can compete in the market environment in which it operates. In this post, we'll look at the challenges of competing in a regional, national, or global market environment and how a business can overcome them. In a regional market environment, businesses face various challenges that may affect their success. Regional businesses may struggle to acquire the financing they need to expand and take advantage of new opportunities.
Furthermore, regulatory requirements may vary significantly from one region to the next. A business must be aware of the region's rules and regulations to succeed. The national market is also characterized by a greater range of customer needs and preferences. This implies that businesses must be adaptable to changing market circumstances and customer requirements. Businesses in a national market must also be prepared to compete with multinational corporations.
These businesses have access to a large amount of capital, making it difficult for local businesses to compete. In a global market environment, businesses must contend with a wide range of difficulties. A company must also ensure that it is aware of regulatory requirements and understands the market's cultural and linguistic diversity.
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Pepsi is a world-renowned food and beverage brand, and its manufacturer PepsiCo owns other wellknown beverages such as Mountain Dew, Tropicana, and 7Up, as well as snacks such as Lay's chips, Doritos, and Quaker. As with any company, its future success depends on satisfying all stakeholders. Given the size of PepsiCo and the reach of its products, the stakeholders include every one of us. For example, the high salt, fat, and sugar content of some of PepsiCo's offerings may jeopardize the health of customers, including children. Many PepsiCo products come in disposable plastic packages that end up in landfills and oceans. The production of PepsiCo products demands huge amounts of energy and increases greenhouse gases contributing to climate change. The beverage production requires large amounts of water, often in areas where water is a scarce and precious resource, and when PepsiCo uses it up, there is less available for everyone else. Anticipating that how PepsiCo reacts to these challenges would be the key to its future success, former CEO Indra Nooyi, along with key leaders in the business, set a strategy they termed Performance with Purpose (PwP) over a decade ago. Consisting of sustainability goals around financial returns, healthier products, limiting the environmental impact of the company, and supporting employees, the company aimed to make all its major decisions in the following decades with this strategy in mind. The next CEO, Ramon Laguarta, who took the helm in 2018 continues to adhere to this strategy, calling it "winning with purpose." After defining and communicating the basics of PwP and setting company level targets for different metrics (such as "the company will reduce its absolute greenhouse gas emissions across its global value chain by 20% by 2030 against a 2015 baseline") the company set PwP-related goals for senior executives, country heads, and middle-level managers. These metrics were used in performance reviews and tied to incentives. Further, the company tied resource allocations to its sustainability impact. Any time there was a major investment under consideration, the champion of the proposal would need to explain how the project would contribute to PWP goals and objectives. PwP had numerous, high impact and highly visible outcomes that were good for the company and for the stakeholders. For example, the company was able to reduce the fat, sugar, and salt content of many of its products and acquired healthy products to add to its line-up. PwP also drove behaviors that would be unthinkable without such a strategy. For example, a desire to produce Cheetos from whole grains and the lack of availability of machines that could be used for this purpose led the company to develop the production machinery that could handle whole grains in their own R\&D center. PwP led to pulling the plug on an energy product that had the potential to be profitable but would mean selling a product, which contained high amounts of caffeine that could be marketed to kids. It also led to its Mexican operations working with the Mexican government to support the farming of sunflowers to replace unhealthy palm oils. In 2020 , the company announced plans to use 100% renewable electricity in its US operations, which represents almost 50% of its global operations. The company is moving toward renewable plastics in some products, and aluminum in others. The company supports recycling programs and beach cleanup efforts, partnering with Ocean Conservancy to tackle plastic pollution in oceans. Consider this week's learning and the following questions. Then complete your case study essay. Include citations and support. 1. How do you think PwP motivates employees at PepsiCo? 2. Explain the role of goals as a motivational tool. Are there mechanisms outside of goals and incentives that would make PwP motivate employees? 3. How is PwP different from greenwashing? Do you believe that it is a marketing tool, or a fundamental shift in how the business operates? 4. How would PwP be transferred to other industries? Would it be easier or more difficult to achieve it in a smaller company? 5. Would this be the type of company you would be interested in working for? Why or why not?
1. Performance with Purpose (PwP) motivates employees at PepsiCo by setting sustainability goals that the company aims to achieve. The strategy outlines objectives around healthier products, financial returns, employee support, and limiting the environmental impact of the company.
The goals set for senior executives, country heads, and middle-level managers were used in performance reviews and tied to incentives, which motivated employees to achieve them.
Further, when any major investment was considered, the project champion had to explain how the project would contribute to PwP objectives. PwP motivated employees by tying resource allocation, performance reviews, and incentives to sustainability outcomes.2. Goals serve as a motivational tool because they provide a clear direction for employees to follow.
The role of goals is to provide a sense of purpose and direction to work towards, making it easier for employees to stay focused on the task at hand. Incentives are also another motivational tool that can be used to encourage employees to achieve their goals.
PwP goes beyond goals and incentives to motivate employees. PwP motivates employees by creating a sense of purpose around sustainability outcomes that are important to the employees and the environment.3. PwP is different from greenwashing because it represents a fundamental shift in how PepsiCo operates. Greenwashing is a term used to describe companies that claim to be environmentally friendly without actually taking any significant action.
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stock outstanding at a market price of $25 per share. There are 49,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding at a market price of $38 a share. The bond issue has a face value of $950,000 and a market quote of 106 . The company's tax rate is 40%. Required: Calculate the weighted average cost of capital for Nipigon. You must show and clearly label all calculations to receive full marks. You can enter your calculations
The given details are:Stock outstanding at market price = $25 per share. Preferred stock outstanding at a market price = $38 a share.Number of preferred stock outstanding = 49,000The bond issue has a face value of $950,000 and a market quote of 106 .Tax rate = 40%Required: Calculate the weighted average cost of capital for Nipigon.Calculations:
Step 1: Calculation of cost of common stockAssuming that cost of common stock (ks) is 12%, the cost of common stock can be calculated as follows:Cost of common stock (ks) = (D1 / P0) + gks = (1.20 / 25) + 0.06ks = 0.12 or 12%
Step 2: Calculation of cost of preferred stockThe cost of preferred stock (kp) can be calculated using the following formula:kp = Dividend / Current Market Value kp = 0.112 or 11.20%
Step 3: Calculation of cost of debt.The cost of debt can be calculated using the following formula:kd = (1 - T) × i, where T is the tax rate and i is the interest rate on debt.The interest rate on debt (i) can be calculated as follows:Market value of debt = Bond issue * Market quote= $950,000 × 1.06 = $1,007,000Interest payment = Face value of bond × Interest rate= $950,000 × 0.09 = $85,500Cost of debt (kd) = (1 - T) × i= (1 - 0.4) × ($85,500 / $1,007,000)= 0.0452 or 4.52%
Step 4: Calculation of the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)The WACC can be calculated using the following formula:WACC = (E/V) × ks + (P/V) × kp + (D/V) × kdWhere,E = market value of equity = No. of shares × share price= 70,000 × 25 = $1,750,000P = market value of preferred stock = No. of preferred shares × price per share= 49,000 × 38 = $1,862,000D = market value of debt = Bond issue * Market quote= $950,000 × 1.06 = $1,007,000V = total value of the firm = E + P + D= $1,750,000 + $1,862,000 + $1,007,000 = $4,619,000WACC = (E/V) × ks + (P/V) × kp + (D/V) × kd= ($1,750,000 / $4,619,000) × 0.12 + ($1,862,000 / $4,619,000) × 0.112 + ($1,007,000 / $4,619,000) × 0.0452WACC = 0.078 or 7.8%Thus, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for Nipigon is 7.8%.
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which of the following would you expect to find on a monthly account statement?
On a monthly account statement, you would typically find the following information: Account Summary: This section provides a summary of your account, including the beginning and ending balances for the month.
Transactions can include deposits, withdrawals, purchases, fees, and interest earned. Account Activity: This section gives a detailed breakdown of the account activity during the month. It may include information on the types of transactions, their frequency, and any changes in account status. Interest Earned or Charged: If your account earns interest or incurs interest charges, this section will provide information on the interest amount earned or charged during the month.
Account Details: This section provides additional details about your account, such as your account number, account holder's name, contact information, and the terms and conditions of your account. However, the main purpose of the statement is to provide a comprehensive overview of your account activity and current financial status. I hope this explanation helps you understand what information you would typically find on a monthly account statement.
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If good 1 is a Giffen good, then it follows that
a. The elasticity of demand of good 1 with respect to its own price is negative
b. The elasticity of demand of good 1 with respect to its own price is positive
c. The Engel curve for good 1 is negatively sloped
d. The demand curve for good 1 is negatively sloped
e. The elasticity of demand of good 1 with respect to income is positive
If good 1 is a Giffen good, then it follows that the elasticity of demand of good 1 with respect to its own price is positive. The answer is letter b.
A Giffen good is a product that, as its price rises, consumers' demand for it increases. Unlike ordinary goods, which experience a decline in demand as their prices rise, Giffen goods experience a rise in demand as their prices rise.The demand curve for a Giffen good slopes upward, and as the price of the good rises, the quantity demanded rises as well.
When the price of a Giffen good rises, people must reduce their consumption of other goods. As a result, they have less income available to spend on the Giffen good. Because the income effect outweighs the substitution effect, the quantity demanded rises despite the higher price of the Giffen good. Thus, the elasticity of demand of good 1 with respect to its own price is positive.
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The renowned artist Pablo Picasso created hundreds of paintings and sculptures as well as drawings and sketches numbering in the thousands. He is said to have settled restaurant bills by producing sketches on the spot. (a) What effect does the existence of this large body of work have on the price (increase or decrease) of individual pieces of his art? (b) Might his heirs suffer financially from being bequeathed too many of his works? As the heirs’ financial advisor, what strategy would you advise them to pursue in selling pieces of his work (sell all the paintings at once or sell them one at a time over several months (or years))? Please explain
2. Since people are not charged an explicit price for public goods like national defense, is a public good (like national defense) a free good for the public?
(a) The existence of a large body of work can have different effects on the price of individual pieces of his art.
One of the effects is that it can increase the price of individual pieces of his art. When Picasso died, it was estimated that he had produced around 50,000 works of art. This can cause the price of individual pieces of his art to decrease. This is because there are many works of art available in the market, and collectors may not be willing to pay a premium for a single work of art.
(b) Picasso's heirs might suffer financially from being bequeathed too many of his works. This is because, as stated earlier, there is an abundance of his works, and the market may not be able to absorb all of them. However, as the heirs' financial advisor, the strategy that I would advise them to pursue in selling pieces of his work would be to sell them one at a time over several months (or years).
2. National defense is not a free good for the public. Although people are not charged an explicit price for national defense, it is still not a free good. This is because the cost of national defense is borne by taxpayers. The government collects taxes from citizens to finance the defense of the nation.
The cost of national defense is not free, even though the public is not charged an explicit price for it.
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A 20-year United States Treasury Bond selling for $1,000 yields 4 percent. A 20- year corporate bond is selling for $1,000 yields 6 percent. • Which of these bonds is riskier? • In general, discuss the relationship between corporate and Treasury bonds?. Now say that the yield on both bonds immediately rises by 1 percent (so we can still use 20 years as the maturity date). • Discuss your results?
In this scenario, we have a 20-year United States Treasury Bond and a 20-year corporate bond, both selling for $1,000 with yields of 4 percent and 6 percent respectively.
Let us discuss the relationship between the two bond types and which is riskier below.In general, Treasury bonds are viewed as less risky investments as compared to corporate bonds. Treasury bonds are backed by the US government, which makes them less risky.
Corporate bonds are issued by companies, making them riskier investments. Companies may face financial difficulties, which can make it difficult for them to make timely interest and principal payments to their bondholders. As a result, the yields of corporate bonds are higher than that of Treasury bonds due to the increased risk associated with them.
In the given scenario, we see that the corporate bond with the 6 percent yield is riskier than the Treasury bond, which has a 4 percent yield.Now, suppose the yield on both bonds increases by 1 percent, so we now have a 5 percent yield on the Treasury bond and a 7 percent yield on the corporate bond.
This would mean that the prices of the bonds would fall. Corporate bonds would be more affected by a 1 percent rise in yield as compared to Treasury bonds because of their increased risk. As such, we would see a greater decline in the price of the corporate bond than that of the Treasury bond, making the corporate bond a riskier investment option.
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A new father plans on saving for his daughter's college education. He will donate $1,000 on her first birthday. After that, he will increase his donation by 4.50% each year and will make his last contribution on her 18 th birthday. If he can earn 7.50% each year in his investment account, how much will his daughter's college fund be worth on her 18 th birthday?
The fund's value when the daughter turns 18 will be $36,874.99.
A new father intends to save for his daughter's college education. He plans to donate $1,000 on her first birthday. After that, he plans to raise his donation by 4.50% each year and will make his final contribution on her 18th birthday. The father can earn 7.50 percent each year in his investment account, and we must figure out how much his daughter's college fund will be worth when she turns 18.
Using the Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity formula, we can solve the problem. To compute the Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity, we must use the following formula:
FV = PMT * [(1 + r)n - 1] / r
Where,
PMT = The initial donation, which is $1,000.
r = The interest rate per compounding period, which is 7.50%
n = The number of compounding periods, which is 18 years. So, we have:
FV = 1000 * [(1 + 7.5%/year)18 - 1] / 7.5%/year= $36,874.99
Thus, the fund's value when the daughter turns 18 will be $36,874.99.
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Income statements under absorption costing and variable costing
Gallatin County Motors Inc. assembles and sells snowmobile engines. The company began operations on July 1 and operated at 100% of capacity during the first month. The following data summarize the results for July:
Sales (3,500 units) $2,135,000 Production costs (4,000 units): Direct materials $1,049,200 Direct labor 451,200 Variable factory overhead 73,600 Fixed factory overhead 115,600 1,689,600 Selling and administrative expenses: Variable selling and administrative expenses $52,400 Fixed selling and administrative expenses 22,000 74,400 This information has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file. Open the spreadsheet, perform the required analysis, and input your answers in the questions below.
Open spreadsheet
a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept.
Gallatin County Motors Inc.
Absorption Costing Income Statement
For the Month Ended July 31
Sales $
Cost of goods sold Gross profit $
Selling and administrative expenses Operating income $
b. Prepare an income statement according to the variable costing concept.
Gallatin County Motors Inc.
Variable Costing Income Statement
For the Month Ended July 31
Sales $
Variable cost of goods sold Manufacturing margin $
Variable selling and administrative expenses Contribution margin $
Fixed costs:
Fixed factory overhead costs $
Fixed selling and administrative expenses Total fixed costs Operating income $
c. What is the reason for the difference in the amount of Operating income reported in (a) and (b)?
Under the absorption costing method, the fixed manufacturing cost included in the cost of goods sold is matched with the revenues. Under variable costing , all of the fixed manufacturing cost is deducted in the period in which it is incurred, regardless of the amount of inventory change. Thus, when inventory increases, the absorption costing income statement will have a higher Operating income than will the variable costing income statement.
Because of how fixed manufacturing costs are handled, the amount of operating income reported using the absorption costing approach (statement a) and the variable costing method (statement b) differs.
Fixed manufacturing expenses are divided among units of production and accounted for in the cost of products sold in absorption costing. This means that some of the fixed manufacturing expenses are postponed to later periods and are not expensed in the current period as inventory increases. Because certain fixed manufacturing costs are carried forward in inventories, the absorption costing income statement will display higher operating income. Variable costing, on the other hand, views fixed production costs as period expenses and fully deducts them during the period in which they are paid for. The entire amount of fixed production expenses is expensed in the current quarter, regardless of changes in inventory levels. As a result, the income statement for variable costing will show a smaller operating income because no fixed manufacturing expenses are deferred to later periods. In conclusion, the way fixed manufacturing costs are accounted for and allocated between periods depending on inventory levels is what causes the difference in operating income between the absorption costing and variable costing approaches.
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shipments of fabric to each plant vary per week as follows: plant a, 200 units; plant b, 400 units; plant c, 300 units; plant d, 300 units; and plant e, 200 units. what is the optimal location for the fabric plant?
Based on the given information, the optimal location for the fabric plant can be determined by analyzing the shipment quantities to each plant. The plant with the highest shipment quantity would likely be the best location for the fabric plant.
Let's compare the shipment quantities to each plant: Plant A: 200 units per week Plant B: 400 units per week Plant C: 300 units per week Plant D: 300 units per week Plant E: 200 units per week From the given data, we can see that Plant B has the highest shipment quantity of 400 units per week. Therefore, Plant B would be the optimal location for the fabric plant, as it requires the highest amount of fabric.
It's important to note that other factors such as proximity to suppliers, transportation costs, and production capacity should also be considered when determining the optimal location for a fabric plant. However, based solely on the given shipment quantities, Plant B is the best choice.
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Over the past 50 years, the U.S. poverty rate was at its lowest level in a. 1973. b. 1990. C. 2008. d. 1980.
Over the past 50 years, the U.S. poverty rate was at its lowest level in (option c) 2008.
To determine the correct answer, let's analyze the given options and review the historical context of the U.S. poverty rate over the past 50 years.
a. 1973: In 1973, the United States experienced an economic recession known as the "oil crisis." This led to a spike in inflation and unemployment rates, which likely had a negative impact on the poverty rate. Therefore, it is unlikely that the poverty rate was at its lowest level in 1973.
b. 1990: The 1990s marked a period of economic growth and prosperity in the United States, commonly referred to as the "dot-com boom." However, despite this economic growth, poverty rates remained relatively stable throughout the decade. Thus, it is unlikely that the poverty rate was at its lowest level in 1990.
c. 2008: The year 2008 is significant because it marks the beginning of the global financial crisis, also known as the "Great Recession." The crisis resulted in a severe economic downturn, high unemployment rates, and a substantial increase in poverty levels. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that the poverty rate was at its lowest level in 2008.
d. 1980: The 1980s were a time of economic expansion in the United States. However, despite this growth, poverty rates remained relatively steady, and there were no significant policies or events that would suggest the poverty rate reached its lowest level in 1980.
Considering the information provided, the most plausible option is c. 2008. However, it's important to note that poverty rates can vary annually, and the lowest level may have occurred in a different year within the 50-year timeframe.
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True or False: Every finite extensive-form game of imperfect
information admits at least one pure-strategy Nash equilibrium.
Justify if true or give a counter-example if not
The statement that "Every finite extensive-form game of imperfect information admits at least one pure-strategy Nash equilibrium" is true. A pure strategy Nash equilibrium is a situation in a game where each player has made their best choice and no player has an incentive to change their strategy given the other player's choices.
The Nash equilibrium is named after Nobel Prize-winning economist John Nash. This principle is used in game theory, which is a branch of mathematics and economics that models decision-making in situations where multiple players interact with each other and have competing interests. In a finite extensive-form game of imperfect information, there exists at least one Nash equilibrium that is in pure strategy.
The proof of the theorem relies on backward induction. It states that for each subgame of the original game, we can identify the Nash equilibria of that subgame. This is true because, in the subgame, each player knows the strategies of the other players. Therefore, they can predict each other's moves and choose their own strategies accordingly. From this, we can work backwards until we reach the root of the game tree, where the Nash equilibrium of the entire game can be found. Therefore, we can conclude that the statement is true.
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Jones Co. started the year with no inventory. During the year, it purchased two identical inventory items at different times The first purchase cost $1,060 and the other, $1,380. Jones sold one of the items during the year Required Based on this information, how much product cost would be allocated to cost of goods sold and ending inventory on the year-end financial statements, assuming use of following cost flow assumptions a FIFO? b. LIFO? c. Weighted average? FIFO LIFO Weight Cost of goods sold Cortez Company sells chairs that are used at computer statio the year, Cortez made two batch purchases of this chair. The first was a 150-unit purchase at $68 per unit, the second was a 200 unit purchase at $72 per unit. During the period, it sold 270 chairs. ns. Its beginning inventory of chairs was 100 units at $60 per unit During Required Determine the amount of product costs that would be allocated to cost of goods sold and ending inventory, assuming that Cortez uses a. FIFO b. LIFO c. Weighted average. FIFO
Given data Jones Co. started the year with no inventory. During the year, it purchased two identical inventory items at different times. The first purchase cost $1,060 and the other, $1,380. Jones sold one of the items during the year. Required Based on this information, we have to determine how much product cost would be allocated to cost of goods sold and ending inventory on the year-end financial statements, assuming use of following cost flow assumptions. FIFO.LIFO.
Weight average. FIFO (First in First out)Here, Jones Co. sold one of the identical inventory items during the year, so the inventory left with the company is 1 which is the last purchase of $1,380. Using the FIFO method, the cost of the product that would be allocated to cost of goods sold is $1,060 and the cost allocated to the ending inventory would be $1,380.
Hence, the answer is,$1,060 cost of goods sold, and $1,380 ending inventory. LIFO (Last in First Out)Using LIFO, we would assume that the last purchase of 1 product at $1,380 is sold, and then the cost of goods sold would be $1,380. The cost allocated to the ending inventory would be $1,060.
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True or False: The use of a forced distribution system requires the termination of the bottom 10% of employees.
False. The use of a forced distribution system does not require the termination of the bottom 10% of employees. Forced distribution is a system of performance management in which employees are evaluated on a normal distribution curve, also known as a bell curve.
The forced distribution system is a method of performance evaluation that involves placing employees in predetermined categories based on their performance. The system sets limits on the percentage of employees that can be placed in each category. Typically, the top performers are placed in the highest category, while the bottom performers are placed in the lowest category.The forced distribution system does not mandate the termination of the bottom 10% of employees. Instead, it is used to identify areas where employees need to improve and provide them with feedback and training to enhance their skills and abilities. The system is designed to encourage employees to strive for excellence and to improve their performance over time.In conclusion, the use of a forced distribution system does not require the termination of the bottom 10% of employees. Instead, it is a method of performance management that provides employees with feedback and guidance to help them improve their performance.
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Green Tech Company, which produces lawn mowers, purchases 22,065 units of a rotor blade part each year at a cost of $65 per unit. Green Tech requires a 20% annual rate of return on investment. In addition, the relevant carrying cost (for insurance, materials handling, breakage, and so on) is $6 per unit per year. The relevant ordering cost per purchase order is $155. Requirements 1. Calculate Green Tech's EOQ for the rotor blade part. 2. Calculate Green Tech's annual relevant ordering costs for the EOQ calculated in requirement 1. 3. Calculate Green Tech's annual relevant carrying costs for the EOQ calculated in requirement 1. 4. Assume that demand is uniform throughout the year and known with certainty so that there is no need for safety stocks. The purchase-order lead time is half a month. Calculate Green Tech's reorder point for the rotor blade part. Requirement 1. Calculate Green Tech's EOQ for the rotor blade part. Begin by selecting the formula used to calculate EOO. (D = Demand in units for one year, P = Ordering cost per purchase order, C = Carrying cost of one unit in stock, Q = Any order quantity)
Green Tech's EOQ for the rotor blade part is approximately 337 units.
The formula used to calculate the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is:
[tex]EOQ = \sqrt{ ((2 * D * P) / C)}[/tex]
where:
D = Demand in units for one year
P = Ordering cost per purchase order
C = Carrying cost of one unit in stock
Given information:
D = 22,065 units
P = $155 (ordering cost per purchase order)
C = $6 (carrying cost per unit per year)
Now, let's calculate Green Tech's EOQ for the rotor blade part:
[tex]EOQ = \sqrt{ ((2 * 22,065 * 155) / 6)}\\\\EOQ =\sqrt{(679,485 / 6)}\\\\EOQ =\sqrt{113,247.5}\\\\EOQ =336.62[/tex]
(rounded to the nearest whole number)
Therefore, Green Tech's EOQ for the rotor blade part is approximately 337 units.
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Exercise 10-1 Cost of plant assets LO C1
Rizio Co. purchases a machine for $13,900, terms 1/10, n/60, FOB shipping point. Rizio paid within the discount period and took the $139 discount. Transportation costs of $314 were paid by Rizio. The machine required mounting and power connections costing $961 Another $453 is paid to assemble the machine and $40 of materials are used to get it into operation. During installation, the machine was damaged and $355 worth of repairs were made.
Complete the below table to calculate the cost recorded for this machine.
Amount included in Cost of Equipment:
Invoice price of machine
Net purchase price
Total cost to be recorded
The total cost recorded for the machine is $16,884.
To calculate the cost recorded for the machine, we need to consider the various components included in the cost. Let's complete the table:
Amount included in Cost of Equipment:
Invoice price of machine: $13,900
Net purchase price: Invoice price - Discount
Net purchase price = $13,900 - $139 = $13,761
Total cost to be recorded: Net purchase price + Transportation costs + Mounting and power connections + Assembly costs + Materials used + Repairs
Total cost to be recorded = $13,761 + $314 + $961 + $453 + $40 + $355 = $16,884
Therefore, the total cost recorded for the machine is $16,884.
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barry and mary have accumulated over $5 million during their 50 years of marriage. they have four children and seven grandchildren. how much money can barry and mary gift to their grandchildren in 2020 without any gift tax liability?
Barry and Mary can gift up to $15,000 per recipient in 2020 without incurring any gift tax liability.Gift tax is a tax imposed on the transfer of money or property as a gift.
In 2020, the annual gift tax exclusion allows individuals to gift up to $15,000 per recipient without triggering any gift tax liability.Barry and Mary have four children and seven grandchildren, so they have a total of 11 potential recipients. Since they can gift up to $15,000 per recipient, they can give a maximum total of $15,000 multiplied by 11, which equals $165,000 without any gift tax liability.
It's important to note that this amount is per person, so Barry and Mary can each gift $15,000 to each individual recipient. If they wanted to maximize their gifting strategy, they could jointly gift a total of $30,000 per recipient, as long as they do not exceed the $165,000 total limit, gift tax laws can change over time, so it's always a good idea to consult with a tax professional or review the current regulations to ensure compliance.
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Mario grows tomatoes in his garden, with the following private supply curve for kilos of tomatoes: P=21.4 + 5.8Q. Every additional kilo of tomatoes requires the use of some smelly cow manure, which increases the value by $9.9. However, the manure required by each additional kilo of tomatoes also causes discomfort for the neighbours, imposing a cost of $9.9 on them. What is the slope of the social supply curve?
The slope of the social supply curve is found to be 3.9.
The private supply curve for kilos of tomatoes is
P=21.4 + 5.8Q.
We have to add the externalities (smelly cow manure), which increases the value by $9.9.
However, the manure required by each additional kilo of tomatoes also causes discomfort for the neighbors, imposing a cost of $9.9 on them.
The social supply curve considers the externalities.
We can get the social supply curve by adding the marginal cost to the private supply curve.
Marginal cost (MC) = change in total cost / change in output.
Change in total cost = $9.9 (external cost) – $9.9 (external benefit)
= 0
Therefore,
MC = 0 + 5.8Q
= 5.8Q
The social supply curve is:
P = 21.4 + MC
= 21.4 + 5.8Q
The slope of the social supply curve is the coefficient of Q, which is 5.8.
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An HR director is outsourcing recruiting efforts to a staffing organization and is charged with implementing the staffing organization project/initiative. The original plan had been to eliminate in-house staffing personnel, but, at the hiring managers' request, the HR director has decided to maintain a small in-house team of corporate recruiters who will work with the staffing organization. This will provide continuity for the hiring managers in the organization. The HR director must facilitate the integration of the staffing organization team with full-time personnel from the organization. The staffing organization team will consist of recruiters, sourcing professionals, and administrative assistants led by a staffing organization manager.
The staffing organization recruiters manage the intake of open positions from the hiring managers. The in-house corporate recruiters assess open positions for fulfillment. The corporate recruiters often bypass the staffing organization manager to give direction to the staffing organization recruiters and sourcing professionals. This practice does not follow the work flow that was created in the standard operating procedures, resulting in delays in the process. The staffing organization team becomes confused because they regularly receive directions from
both the corporate recruiters and the staffing organization manager.
The staffing organization manager is increasingly frustrated by the lack of transparency as to the status of open positions. There is disagreement between the corporate recruiters and the staffing organization team about who should manage the relationship with organizational hiring managers when position openings are submitted. This results in harmful competition between the corporate recruiters and the staffing organization team, ultimately resulting in an overall decline in productivity.
Question 20: Which could the HR director have done differently during the implementation to ensure that roles and responsibilities were clearly defined?
a. Once the decision is made to maintain a group of staffing organization recruiters, the standard operating procedures should reflect the change.
b. Explain to the corporate recruiters that the staffing organization team will be accountable for the requisition intake and recruiting process.
c. Nothing could have been done differently during implementation; these specific challenges were inevitable.
d. Further qualify the reason why the hiring managers wanted to retain the corporate recruiters and consider the impact on the project goals.
The HR director could have done further qualification of the reason why the hiring managers wanted to retain the corporate recruiters and consider the impact on the project goals during the implementation to ensure that roles and responsibilities were clearly defined.
What could the HR director have done differently during the implementation to ensure that roles and responsibilities were clearly defined?
The HR director could have done further qualification of the reason why the hiring managers wanted to retain the corporate recruiters and consider the impact on the project goals during the implementation to ensure that roles and responsibilities were clearly defined.
This could be helpful in ensuring that every team is aware of what is required of them and what their responsibilities are, reducing any confusion that could lead to delays and competition between the staffing organization team and the corporate recruiters.
The HR director could also explain the staffing organization's team's accountability to the corporate recruiters for the requisition intake and recruiting process.
Other actions that the HR director could have taken to ensure that roles and responsibilities were clearly defined during implementation include: making sure the standard operating procedures reflect changes once the decision is made to maintain a group of staffing organization recruiters ensuring that there is transparency in the status of open positions to avoid delays in the process
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A dollar invested today at 7.5% interest compounded annually will be worth _______ one year from now.
To calculate the future value of a dollar invested at 7.5% interest compounded annually, we can use the formula for compound interest:
Future Value = Principal * (1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods
In this case, the principal is $1, the interest rate is 7.5% (or 0.075 as a decimal), and the number of periods is 1 year. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Future Value = $1 * (1 + 0.075)^1
Future Value = $1 * 1.075
Future Value = $1.075
Therefore, a dollar invested today at 7.5% interest compounded annually will be worth $1.075 one year from now.
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A study on the impact of employees retention on organizational
productivity. (subject - Research)
Employee retention refers to the ability of a company to maintain a stable workforce. It is a critical aspect of organizational productivity. It is the process of retaining the employees by creating a conducive environment for the workforce.
Organizations need to focus on retaining their employees, and employee retention should be part of the organizational strategy. High employee turnover can have a negative impact on productivity. It is crucial to understand the relationship between employee retention and organizational productivity. When employees feel valued, their productivity increases, and they are more likely to stay with the company. This, in turn, leads to a stable workforce and improved productivity.
Organizations that have high employee retention rates tend to have a more productive workforce than those with high turnover rates. Retention can be achieved through a combination of factors such as competitive pay, training and development programs, work-life balance, and a supportive work culture.
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Which of the following equations would NOT be appropriate to use in a firm with risky debt?
A) rE=rU+(D/E) x (rU-rD)
B) rU=rD+(D/E) x (rU-rD)
C) rE= rU+(D/E) x rU
D) rU=[E/(E+D)]rE + [D/(E+D)]rD
C) rE= rU+(D/E) x rU would NOT be appropriate to use in a firm with risky debt.
Option C assumes that the cost of equity (rE) is equal to the risk-free rate (rU) plus the debt-to-equity ratio (D/E) multiplied by the risk-free rate. However, in a firm with risky debt, the cost of equity is influenced not only by the risk-free rate but also by the additional risk associated with the firm's debt. Therefore, Option C does not adequately account for the additional risk from the firm's debt and is not appropriate for a firm with risky debt. Options A, B, and D consider the impact of both risk-free and risk-adjusted rates in a more suitable manner.
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Danny's Soda is well known for their unique soda flavors, for which they have a number of patents. While they experience great sales among their niche customer segment in the US market, they do not currently have the resources to increase their manufacturing in-house or to build in the European market. Knowing this, if they want to enter the European market sooner than later, which of the following strategies makes the most sense?
a. Wholly owned subsidiary
b. Backward vertical integration
c. Unrelated diversification
d. Licensing
e. Franchising
Danny's Soda is well known for their unique soda flavors, for which they have a number of patents. While they experience great sales among their currently have the resources to increase their manufacturing in-house or to build in the European market.
Knowing this, licensing is the strategy that makes the most sense for them to enter the European market sooner than later. What is licensing? Licensing is a contractual agreement between two parties, the licensor and the licensee, in which the licensor permits the licensee to utilize its patented or trademarked assets, brand name, or production processes, among other things, in exchange for a fee or a percentage of sales.
It is a means of transferring knowledge or intellectual property from one party to another while mitigating risk. Licensing is a good way for Danny's Soda to enter the European market because it allows them to utilize their patents and expertise in creating unique soda flavors without the need for additional investment in manufacturing or building. Instead, they can work with a European company to use their patents to produce and market their products in Europe and take a percentage of the profits.
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ki West, Inc., operates a downhill ski area near Lake Tahoe, California. An all-day adult lift ticket can be purchased for $70. Adult customers also can purchase a season pass that entitles the pass holder to ski any day during the season, which typically runs from December 1 through April 30. Ski West expects its season pass holders to use their passes equally throughout the season. The company's fiscal year ends on December 31 . On November 6,2016 , Jake Lawson purchased a season pass for $380. Required: 1. When should Ski West recognize revenue from the sale of its season passes? Full amount before the season Equally throughout the season Full amount after the season 2. Prepare the appropriate journal entries that Ski West would record on November 6 and December 31. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)
Ski West, Inc. should recognize revenue from the sale of its season passes equally throughout the season Explanation:
Revenue is recognized in accounting when it is earned and realizable.
Revenue is considered to be realized or realizable when it is earned,
and the seller has the right to receive payment for goods sold or services provided.
There are two ways of recognizing revenue from the sale of season passes:
full amount before the season and equally throughout the season.
In the full amount before the season,
revenue is recognized in full when the season passes are sold.
In the equally throughout the season, the revenue is recognized equally as the season progresses.
For Ski West, Inc., the season passes holders are expected to use their passes equally throughout the season.
Ski West, Inc. should recognize revenue from the sale of its season passes equally throughout the season.
Journal entries Date Account Title Debit Credit November 6 Cash 380 Unearned revenue 380 December 31 Unearned revenue76 Revenue 76
The journal entry on November 6,
records the payment received for the season pass, which is credited to Unearned revenue.
On December 31, an adjusting entry is made to record the amount of revenue that has been earned in the period.
Since the season pass holder has access to ski for the entire season,
the amount of revenue earned at the end of December 31 is $76 (1/5th of the $380).
The entry will be a debit to Unearned revenue and a credit to Revenue.
the appropriate journal entries that Ski West would record on November 6 and December 31 are as follows:
November 6:
Cash 380 Unearned revenue 380December 31:
Unearned revenue 76 Revenue 76
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Which of the following is "something of value" that might be offered to FINAL CONSUMERS as part of the "price equation"? a.Sufficient margin to allow for profit. b.Push money. c.Competitive advantage. d.Branded merchandise. e.None of these is a good answer.
c) "Competitive advantage," refers to unique qualities or benefits that differentiate a product or service from competitors, offering added value to consumers and justifying the price.
The "price equation" refers to the factors that determine the final price of a product or service. Among the options provided, "Competitive advantage" is the most fitting answer as "something of value" that might be offered to final consumers. Competitive advantage refers to the unique qualities, features, or benefits that set a product or service apart from competitors in the marketplace. It can include aspects like superior quality, innovation, convenience, exceptional customer service, or unique features that meet customer needs better than alternatives.
By offering a competitive advantage, businesses aim to attract and retain customers by providing added value that justifies the price of their product or service. This advantage can make a consumer more likely to choose a particular brand over competitors, leading to increased sales and market share. Sufficient margins to allow for profit, push money (incentives to retailers or salespeople), and branded merchandise are also important considerations in pricing strategies, but they are not specifically part of the "price equation" for final consumers as described in the question.
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