A tugboat tows ships out of a harbor. The tugboat starts pulling the ships when they are stopped at a dock

The tugboat tows with the same force no matter the size of the ship. Order the names of the ships to show the size of the acceleration each ship will have as it starts to move.

In Top layer biodiesel and in bottom layer glycerin with methanol, water, and other salts.

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Mass percentage is a term that represents the concentration, basically mass by mass percentage. It tells about the percentage of a component in a whole component. Therefore, 25.85% is the percentage by mass of sodium chloride in the solution.

Mass percentage represents the the percentage of each element that is making a particular compound. Mass percentage does not have any unit as numerator and denominator contains the same unit.

Mathematically,

Percentage of mass = (component’s mass ÷ total mass) x 100%

Total mass = 165.0g+ 54.3g

                 = 219.3g

mass of sodium =56.7 g

Percentage by mass = (56.7 g/  219.3g )×100

                                  = 25.85%

Therefore, 25.85% is the percentage by mass of sodium chloride in the solution.

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3.06x1011 atoms are found in 1 10 10 g of gold.

Because of the Latin term aurum, gold's symbol on the periodic table is Au. It is a pricey metal with a high boiling point that is utilized for coins and/or jewelry.

The substance gold. The element number 79 for gold is Au. Gold's Latin name, Aurum, or shining morning, and its earlier Greek origins predate the Anglo-Saxon term for it.

1 mole Au/197 g x 6.02x1023 atoms/mole x 1.00x10-10 g Au = 3.06x1011 atoms

The chemical element gold has the atomic number 79 and the symbol Au (derived from the Latin word aurum). This places it among the naturally occurring elements with higher atomic numbers.

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Answer:

The answer is B

Explanation:

0.25 + 0.39= 0.64

The electron-pair geometry describes the location of electrons and the  molecular structure describes the location of atoms.

The arrangement of all regions of electron density around a core atom is known as electron-pair geometry (bonds, lone pairs, or unpaired electrons). It is the configuration of electron pairs around a central atom.

The arrangement of the atoms within a molecule constitutes the molecular structure. It is the configuration of atoms within a molecule, typically in relation to a single centre atom.

When there are no lone pair of electrons pairs surrounding the centre atom, the electron-pair geometries will be identical to the molecular structures; but, if the central atom has lone pairs, the geometries will change.

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The rf value for a spot in a chromatography experiment if the solvent moved 13.1 cm and the spot moved 9.5 cm from the origin is 0.73.

What is chromatography ?

Separating ingredients in a mixture using chromatography is a procedure. The mixture is dissolved in the mobile phase, which starts the process off, and then transports it through the stationary phase, which is the final phase.

What is experiment ?

A scientific experiment is a test carried out to ascertain what occurs to a subject under a given set of circumstances.

Therefore,  rf value for a spot in a chromatography experiment if the solvent moved 13.1 cm and the spot moved 9.5 cm from the origin is 0.73.

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The ratio of reactants is chlorination of 2,3 dimethyl butane the possibility of obtaining do and the polychlorinated product is not seen.

When a mixture of methane and chlorine is exposed to ultraviolet light a substitution reaction occurs and the organic product is chloromethane. Because there are various hydrogen atoms that can be extracted in the first propagation step.

Abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the middle carbon of propane results in 2-chloropropane. In the presence of sunlight, methane reacts with chlorine to form chloromethane. The chlorination of methane is a free radical substitution reaction. Chlorine cannot turn into free radicals in the dark, so no reaction takes place. Therefore, the presence of sunlight is essential for the reaction to proceed.

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When 1 mole of benzene burns in abundant oxygen under typical thermodynamic circumstances, heat is released that is equal to -781.0 Kcal mol^-1.

A subfield of physics known as thermodynamics studies the relationship between energy, entropy, the physical characteristics of matter and radiation, as well as heat, work, and temperature. With an atomic number of 8 and the chemical symbol O, oxygen is the eighth chemical element. It belongs to the chalcogen group in the periodic table, is a very reactive nonmetal, and is an oxidizing agent that easily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds like benzene. With an atomic number of 8 and the chemical symbol O, oxygen is the eighth chemical element. The periodic table classifies it as a part of the chalcogen group.

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If the addition of bromine to trans-cinnamic acid proceeds purely by the expected anti addition the product will be erythro racemic mixture of the 2R,3S/2S,3R enantiomers.

What is the meaning of racemic mixture?

A mixture is known as racemic mixture, when that mixture contains equal quantities of two enantiomers, or substances that have dissymmetric molecular structures that are mirror images of one another. A racemic mixture is also known as racemate.

Hence, addition of bromine to trans-cinnamic acid results in the formation of racemic mixture with two enantiomers.

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The rate of diffusion is the process of molecules dispersing in space in response differences concentration.

The change in the no. of diffusing molecules in a cell is known as diffusion. While the change in the no. of diffusing molecules over time in a cell is known as Rate of diffusion.

The group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds such as covalent or ionic bond is known as molecule.

Molecules are of three types mainly:

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The planet's PH decreased, thereby making the water there increasingly acidic.

There are numerous distinct chemicals in seawater. Because when freshwater in water evaporates and salt is left behind, several of these chemicals can be seen. Pure substance made up water and oxygen is called water, or H2O.

Rainwater and dissolved chemical substances combine to become seawater. A great solvent is water. Juices that dissolve other compounds are known as solvents. Numerous solutes are present in the majority of the earth's water, which includes the moisture in oceans, pools, rivers, and ponds.

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The location of electrons is described by the electron-pair geometry, and the location of atoms is described by the molecular structure.

Electron-pair geometry is the configuration of all electron density zones around a core atom (bonds, lone pairs, or unpaired electrons). It is the arrangement of electron pairs surrounding a main atom.

The molecular structure of a molecule is made up of the way its atoms are arranged. It refers to how the atoms of a molecule are arranged, usually in reference to one central atom.

The electron-pair geometries will match the molecular structures when there are no lone pairs of electrons surrounding the centre atom, but they will differ if there are lone pairs present.

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The amount of heat loss to the inner 2.35g styrofoam cup is 19.6 joules.

Given in question that;

The calorimeter made of Styrofoam loses heat. Styrofoam's specific heat is 1.34 j/g*c, assuming a temperature change of 6.22 c for the reaction between hcl (aq) and naoh (aq).

Change in temperature; ∆T = 6.22°c

weight of substance; W = 2.35 g

Specific heat of styrofoam; Cp = 1.34 j/g°c

To find heat loss;

Q = w x Cp x ∆T

where, change in temperature; ∆T

Weight of substance; W

Specific heat of 2.35g of material; Cp

Thus, Q = 2.35 g × 6.22°c × 1.34 j/g°c

          Q = 19.58 joules

So, 19.6 joules heat is lost

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Phospholipid is the substance which is important because it helps the cell membrane keep its shape.

The primary element of cell membranes is phospholipid. All cell membranes have a double layer of them, which are arranged in a line. By preventing some substances from passing through, the double layer of phospholipids that develop helps to safeguard the cell.

A lipid called cholesterol prevents cell membranes from becoming overly rigid.The cell membrane is made up of a particular class of lipids called phospholipids. Phospholipids are amphipathic, which means they include both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components that can mix with water.

Hence, Phospholipid is the substance which is important because it helps the cell membrane keep its shape.

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The vapour pressure of mentioned solution of sucrose and water is 23.5 mm Hg.

The formula to be used for the calculation is from Raoult's law -

vapour pressure = vapour pressure of water × mole fraction

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Molar mass water = 18 g/mol

Molar mass sucrose = 342.3 g/mol

Moles of water = 250/18

Moles of water = 13.9

Moles of sucrose = 40/342.3

Moles of sucrose = 0.12

Mole fraction of water = 13.9/(0.12 + 13.9)

Mole fraction of water = 13.9/(14.02)

Mole fraction of water = 0.99

Vapour pressure = 23.76 × 0.99

Vapour pressure = 23.5 mm Hg

The vapor pressure of the solution is 23.5 mm Hg.

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The temperature of a mixture of ice and liquid water as heat is applied at a constant rate, until all of the ice has melted, the mixture's temperature does not alter in any way; after that, it gradually climbs.

What is mixture?

Combinations of two or more different types of chemicals are known as mixtures. Separating them physically is possible. Examples include a mixture of water and sugar, a salt and water solution, different gases, air, and so on.

Heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures are the two types of mixtures. While homogeneous mixtures look consistent throughout, heterogeneous mixtures can be visually divided into several components. Solution, which can be a solid, liquid, or gas, is the most typical kind of homogeneous mixture.

Therefore, The temperature of a mixture of ice and liquid water as heat is applied at a constant rate, until all of the ice has melted, the mixture's temperature does not alter in any way; after that, it gradually climbs.

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Spectrochemical series is defined as a list of ligands according to their strength.

Ligands are classified into two types which are strong ligand and weak ligand. The classification of ligands is done on the basis of the properties which are listed below.

Properties of ligands:

The significance of this is that it helps to ascertain the relative frequency of the absorption band etc.

NH₃ is a strong field ligand and it is placed in the middle of the spectrochemical series.

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With the rise in temperature,the conductivity also increases.

With rising temperatures, semiconductors' electrical conductivity rises. The conductivity rises as a result of free mobility between the two bands created when electrons from the valence band are able to jump to the conduction band when the temperature rises.

Electrical Conductivity (EC), which is often expressed in Siemens (S) per distance, gauges a material's capacity to transfer an electrical current over a specific distance (usually m-meter). A conductivity meter is used to determine the conductance and read the electrical charge.

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When cloudy appearensce or turbidity appear in the solution, it shows that there is a precipitation and this compound is not dissolve in solvent. Here the compound settle down to thebottom of test tube so it is insoluble.

A substance is remember which has a particular composition and precise homes. every natural element is a substance. every natural compound is a substance. Examples of substances: Iron is an element and subsequently is likewise a substance. Methane is a compound and consequently is likewise a substance.

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Disclaimer:- Your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.

A novice scientist would like to test the solubility of an unknown compound. she adds a known amount of the compound to a test tube that holds 10 ml of water. she swirls the solution, mixing the substances together and places the test tube in a rack. a cloudy film begins to form near the bottom of the test tube. one possible conclusion might be that .

A. The compound miscible in water.

B. The compound is insoluble in water.

C. The compound is polar

D. The compound is unsaturated.

The retention times of the compounds change if the solvent composition was changed from 55 vol% acetone and 45 vol% water to 85 vol% acetone and 15 vol% water is decreases..

The acetone and the water mixture is polar . this makes the example of reversed phase reaction. Acetone is the polar molecule and the water is also o polar molecule and there mixture is polar mixture.

For the polar solutes which are separated by the hydrophilic interaction chromatography. the the solvent composition changed from the 55 vol% of the acetone and the 45 vol% of the water to the 85 vol% of the acetone and the 15 vol% of the water , the retention times decreases.

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The values of x and y are 0.73 cm3 and 0.27 cm3. The masses are obtained by multiplying these values by the densities giving us with 6.54 g and 3.06 g.

First, from reliable sources we get the densities of both the copper and lead. This will give us 8.96 g/cm3 and that of lead is 11.34 g/cm3. We assume that 1 cm3 of this certain mixture is composed of x cm3 of copper and y cm3 of zinc. Such that,

x + y = 1

and 9.60 = x(8.96) + y(11.34)

The values of x and y are 0.73 cm3 and 0.27 cm3. The masses are obtained by multiplying these values by the densities giving us with 6.54 g and 3.06 g.

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The final temperature of the solution is 81.95 degree c.

What degree of temperature is too much for people?

People frequently cite a 2010 study that established the maximum limit of safety to be a moisture temperature of 35 C, or 95 F at 100% humidity or 115 F at 50% humidity. At this temperature, the human body can no longer cool itself by evaporating sweat from the skin.

Briefing:

The final temperature is:

To calculate the amount of heat released or absorbed, we use the equation:   We use the equation: to calculate the amount of heat released or absorbed.

(95g)(0.885J per gm degree c) = (180)(4.184  per gm degree c)

Since T2a1=T2copper,

We can describe them as x and find x by solving for x.

T2 = 81.95 degree c.

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The molarity of the sulfuric acid that reacted with sodium hydroxide is 0.12 M.

In stoichiometry problems, first, we have to make the chemical reaction. The reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)

2 NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O

For NaOH

According to Avogadro's law, the coefficient of NaOH and the coefficient of H₂SO₄ is the ratio for the number of moles.

n NaOH : n H₂SO₄ = 2 : 1

n H₂SO₄ = n NaOH ÷ 2

n H₂SO₄ = 6.055 mmol ÷ 2

n H₂SO₄ = 3.0275 mmol

For H₂SO₄

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Entropy decreases during the proposed synthesis of solid nitrogen

What is entropy?

One of the most crucial ideas in both information theory and physics is entropy. Entropy is a measure of the degree of chaos in a physical or biological system that is used informally. The less information we know about a system, the higher its entropy.

In the middle of the 19th century, debates about the effectiveness of heat engines gave rise to the idea of entropy. Students have struggled with Carnot's cycle and other sorts of expansion of real and ideal gases for generations without ever fully understanding why they were doing so.

A change in entropy, S, was defined in several previous textbooks using the equation:

S = Qreversible / T (i)

where Q denotes the amount of heat present and T denotes the thermodynamic temperature. However, it is more typical today to find entropy stated in terms of the level of disorder in the system and to define the entropy change, S, as:

ΔS = -ΔH/T (ii) (ii)

Hence, entropy decreases during the proposed synthesis of solid

nitrogen

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5g of LiCl is dissolved in 40 ml of water at 17°C. When the temperature of a solution rises to 40.3°C, the molar heat of a LiCl solution is 32.7 kJ/mol.

The molar heat of a solution(ΔH) is calculated by the formula

ΔH=q/n

Where, n-Number of moles

q- Energy of the system

q is calculated by the formula

q=m×c×ΔT

Where ΔT=(T_f-T_i)

T_f=40.3°C, T_i=17°C

ΔT=(40.3-17)°C=23.3°C

c=4.18 J/g°C

The mass of water is

m=40 ml×(1 g/1 ml)=40 g

Plug all values in the formula

q=40g×(4.18 J/g°C)×23.3°C

q=3895.76 J

The molar mass of LiCl is 42g/mol. Therefore, the moles of LiCl is

moles=5g×(1 mol/42 g)

moles=0.11905 mol

Hence, the molar heat of a solution is

ΔH=3895.76 J/0.11905 mol

ΔH=32723.7295 J/mol

Convert the value in kJ

ΔH=32723.7295 J/mol×(1 kJ/1000 J)

ΔH=32.7 kJ/mol

Therefore, the molar heat of a solution is 32.7 kJ/mol.

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As more ions are added, which decreases reading accuracy, if the titrated solution is dark in color at the conclusion of the titration, the molar concentration or molarity of HCl will be higher than the true value.

What does the term "titration" mean?

Chemical qualitative analysis employs the titration method, commonly referred to as titrimetry, to determine the concentration of a particular analyte in a mixture. Titration is a crucial analytical chemistry technique also referred to as volumetric analysis.

The titration principle is what?

The basic concept of the titration is as follows: The next step is to provide a titrant or standard solution to the sample to be tested.

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Chemist carries out this reaction and obtains 11.4 g of tungsten. if the percent yield is 89.4%, The mass of WO₃ was used is 16.1 g.

given that :

percent yield = 89.4%

theoretical yield = 11.4 g

the percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield ) × 100 %

Theoretical yield = (actual yield / percent yield ) × 100 %

                            = (11.4 g / 89.4 ) × 100 %

                           = 12.8 g

The mass of the WO₃ = (12.8 g W / 183.84 g/mol W ) ×231.84 g/mol  WO₃

                               = 16.1 g  WO₃

The mass of  was used is 16.1 g.

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Thiocyanate is a frequently utilized ligand because it offers valuable precursors for a variety of coordination complexes and has multiple bonding mechanisms to one or more transition metal ions.

Thiocyanate typically forms terminal bonds with first row transition metals via the nitrogen.

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Octane full combustion has an exothermic reaction that consumes 183.55 kcal/mol.

There is a difference between burning one molecule and one mole, therefore find out how much heat (in kcal) is produced while burning one octane molecule! (I'm asking you to find it for one molecule, there are 6.0210236.021023 molecules in one mole.) The helpful data below is presented per mole. I performed the identical task for burning methanol in the video lectures, but I did it for burning a full mole. C8H18C8H18's heat of formation is -59.2 kcal/mole. O2O2: 0.0 H2OH2O: -57.8 CO2CO2: -94.1 (by definition of the scale used) A document including all of your work, including the balanced chemical equation, should be uploaded.

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Solutions of these two compounds, nano3 and co(no3)2, behave differently when aqueous ammonia is added because the hydroxide salts formed have different solubility in water.

What is a precipitation reaction?

The definition of "precipitation reaction" is "a chemical process occurring in an aqueous solution where two ionic bonds join, producing an insoluble salt." Precipitates are insoluble salts that are the result of precipitation processes.

Ammonium hydroxide, a chemical that can react with ionic compounds, is created when aqueous ammonia is present. Ammonium hydroxide reactivity with the other compounds behave differently due to their precipitation rate.

Therefore solutions of these two compounds, nano3 and co(no3)2, behave differently when aqueous ammonia is added because the hydroxide salts formed have different solubility in water.

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