A student plans a two-step synthesis of 1-ethyl-3-nitrobenzene from benzene. The first step is nitration of benzene to give nitrobenzene, and the second step is a Friedel-Crafts alkylation using CH3CH2Cl and AlCl3. The plan is flawed because: A : When the alkyl halide interacts with AlCl3, the resulting carbocation can rearrange before it has a chance to react with the aromatic ring. B : Nitrobenzene is too deactivated (by the nitro group) to undergo a Friedel-Crafts alkylation. C : The nitro group will direct the incoming alkyl group para position, rather than to the meta position. D : A blocking group is required to achieve this synthesis.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Nitrobenzene is too deactivated (by the nitro group) to undergo a Friedel-Crafts alkylation.

Explanation:

The benzene ring in itself does not easily undergo electrophilic substitution reaction. Some groups activate or deactivate the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution reactions.

-NO2 ia a highly deactivating substituent therefore, Friedel-Crafts alkylation of nitrobenzene does not take place under any conditions.

This reaction scheme is therefore flawed because Nitrobenzene is too deactivated (by the nitro group) to undergo a Friedel-Crafts alkylation.


Related Questions

hi, if your looking for extra points (50+) and br ainiest here is ur chance, answer this question correctly plz

Answers

C! the others don’t make sense

Calculate the pH of each of the following aqueous solutions. (Enter your answers to two decimal places.) (a) 10.0 mL deionized water WebAssign will check your answer for the correct number of significant figures. 2.72 Incorrect: Your answer is incorrect. (b) 10.0 mL deionized water plus 5.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH WebAssign will check your answer for the correct number of significant figures. (c) 10.0 mL deionized water plus 10.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH WebAssign will check your answer for the correct number of significant figures. (d) 10.0 mL deionized water plus 15.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH WebAssign will check your answer for the correct number of significant figures.

Answers

Answer:

a. pH = 7.0

b. pH = 12.52

c. pH = 12.70

d. pH = 12.78

Explanation:

a. Deionized water has the [H⁺] of pure water = 1x10⁻⁷ (Kw = 1x10⁻¹⁴ = [H⁺][OH⁻] - [H⁺] = [OH⁻ -)

pH = -log[H⁺] = 7

b. Moles NaOH = 5x10⁻³L * (0.10mol / L) = 5x10⁻⁴moles OH⁻ / 0.015L = 0.0333M = [OH⁻]

-Total volume = 10mL+5mL = 15mL = 0.015L

pOH = -log[OH⁻] = 1.48

pH = 14-pOH

pH = 12.52

c. Moles NaOH = 0.010L * (0.10mol / L) = 1x10⁻³moles OH⁻ / 0.020L = 0.0500M = [OH⁻]

-Total volume = 10mL+10mL = 20mL = 0.020L

pOH = -log[OH⁻] = 1.30

pH = 14-pOH

pH = 12.70

d. Moles NaOH = 0.015L * (0.10mol / L) = 1.5x10⁻³moles OH⁻ / 0.025L = 0.060M = [OH⁻]

-Total volume = 10mL+15mL = 25mL = 0.025L

pOH = -log[OH⁻] = 1.22

pH = 14-pOH

pH = 12.78

CAN SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME I WILL MARK AS BRAINLIEST :(

Answers

Answer:

ok so i did the problem and the answer was 8e+29

Explanation:

i dont really know what the answer is but thats the answer i got

sorry if this didnt help

number of molecules in lithium sulfate Li2So4​

Answers

What the question there is nun

How many atoms are in 90.43 moles of copper

Answers

409 g P2O5 2) 5.44 x 1025 atoms Cu

Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, 8.12×10²³ atoms are in  90.43 mole of copper.

What is mole?

The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity of amount of substance. It measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. There are so many formula for calculating mole.

we know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number

number of atoms/molecules=number of moles × 6.022×10²³(Avogadro number)

number of moles of copper=90.43 moles

Substituting all the given values in the above equation, we get

number of atoms/molecules= 90.43 × 6.022×10²³

number of atoms/molecules=8.12×10²³ molecules

Therefore, 8.12×10²³ atoms are in 90.43 mole of copper.

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Lithium and nitrogen react to produce lithium nitride:
6Li (s) + N2 (g) = 2Li3N (s)
How many moles of lithium nitride are produced when 0.400 mol lithium are used in this reaction?
a. 1.28 mol
b. 0.133 mol
c. 0.800 mol
d. 0.0667 mol

Answers

Answer:

B : 0.133 M

Explanation:

moles Li3N3 = 0.4 mol Li x (2 moles Li3N/6 moles Li) = 0.133 M

Do you think humans are responsible for global warming trends? Why or why not?

Answers

Answer:

Yes. At least some. There has been ups and downs in temperature ever since the Earth was created, and this is just another up in temperature. I do think that humans have made it worse though, with all of the greenhouse gases and things like that.

A severe storm would be most likely to damage a coastal area by causing
A.
volcanoes.
B.
pollution.
C.
erosion.
D.
earthquakes.

Answers

D earthquakes


my teacher told me

A severe storm would be most likely to damage a coastal area by causing pollution. Therefore, the correct option is option B.

What is coastal area?

The region where land joins the ocean, or even as a line defining the border between the land as well as the shoreline, is known as the coast, sometimes referred as the coastline and seashore. The terrain of the area's surroundings has an impact on shorelines, as do water-induced erosion processes like wave action.

The length of the shoreline on Earth is about 620,000 kilometers. Natural ecosystems' coasts are significant zones and frequently the site of a diverse range of biodiversity. They are home to significant ecosystems on land, such as freshwater and estuarine wetlands, that are crucial for the survival of bird populations or other land animals. A severe storm would be most likely to damage a coastal area by causing pollution.

Therefore, the correct option is option B.

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A certain protein transports a sodium ion from the inside of the cell membrane to the outside using active transport. Which of the following must be true? A. There is no change in concentration before or after transport. B. The transport process did not use chemical energy. C. After transport, the concentration of protein in the cell decreases. D. After transport, the concentration of sodium is lower inside the cell.

Answers

D is the answer because all the sodium will lower the cells inside due to the membrane using active transport

What is produced when concentrated aqueous sodium chloride is electrolysed?

Answers

When an electric current is passed through concentrated sodium chloride solution, hydrogen gas forms at the negative electrode , chlorine gas forms at the positive electrode, and a solution of sodium hydroxide also forms. You might have expected sodium metal to be deposited at the negative electrode.

You’re welcome!! Have a good day/night :)

An empty steel container is filled with 2.0 atm of H₂ and 1.0 atm of F₂. The system is allowed to reach equilibrium according to the reaction below. If Kp = 0.45 for this reaction, what is the equilibrium partial pressure of HF?

Answers

The equilibrium partial pressure of HF is 0.55 atm.

The equation of the reaction is;

        H2(g) + F2(g) ⇄ 2HF

I         2           1             0

C       -x           -x            +x

E     2 - x        1 - x           x

We know that;

pH2 = 2.0 atm

PF2 =  1.0 atm

pHF = ??

Kp = 0.45

So;

Kp = (pHF)^2/pH2. pF2

0.45 = x^2/(2 - x) (1 - x)

0.45 =  x^2/x^2 - 3x + 2

0.45(x^2 - 3x + 2) = x^2

0.45x^2 - 1.35x + 0.9 =  x^2

0.55 x^2 + 1.35x - 0.9 = 0

x = 0.55 atm

Learn more about equilibrium: https://brainly.com/question/3980297

Whoever gets these 2 right gets brainliest! :)

Answers

the first one is A covalent bond.

the second one is Answer: B Decomposition

At what minimum temperature do rocks melt into lava?
A) 3,500 degrees Celsius
B) 6,332 degrees Fahrenheit
C) 800 degrees Fahrenheit
OD 800 degrees Celsius

Answers

The answer is D 800 degrees Celsius

What enzyme catalyses the reaction of PRPP transfer to hypoxanthine with
formation of IMP?

Answers

Answer:

HPRT

Explanation:

HPRT catalyzes the salvage reactions of hypoxanthine and guanine with PRPP to form IMP and GMP

The formation of GMP from IMP requires oxidation at C-2 of the purine ring, followed by a glutamine-dependent amidotransferase reaction that replaces the oxygen on C-2 with an amino group to yield 2-amino,6-oxy purine nucleoside monophosphate, or as this compound is commonly known, guanosine monophosphate.

Use the solubility rules from the Lab 4 introduction and your knowledge of qualitative separation schemes from the lab to answer the following questions. The qualitative analysis experiment you did is actually an abbreviated version of a much larger analysis scheme in which many different cations are separated and identified. Suppose a mixture contains Ag , K , NH4 , Hg22 , Pb2 , Mg2 , Sr2 , Ba2 , Cu2 , Al3 and Fe3 .
(a) Which of the following ions could you separate, by causing them to precipitate, with the addition of HCl?
Ag+ K+ NH4+
Hg22+ Pb2+ Mg2+
Sr2+ Ba2+ Cu2+
Al3+ Fe3+
(b) After the addition of HCl, the above sample is centrifuged and decanted. Which of the following cations remaining in the supernatant could you separate, by causing them to precipitate, with the addition of H2SO4? (Hint: H2SO4 is a source of sulfate ions. Select all that apply.)
Ag+ K+ NH4+
Hg22+ Pb2+ Mg2+
Sr2+ Ba2+ Cu2+
Al3+ Fe3+

Answers

Answer:

a13+a13

Explanation:

How many grams equal 4.3 x 1024 atoms of oxygen (02)?

Answers

Answer: 248.66g

Explanation:

4.3e24 / 6.23e23 = 6.9 mols O2

6.9(18.02*2)=248.66

Copper has a specific heat of 0,900 J(g C). How much energy in kJ is needed to raise the temperature of a 700 g block of aluminum from 30.7°C to 82,1C?(show your steps)

Answers

Answer:

32.4 kJ

Explanation:

Given that:

Specific heat capacity fo copper, c = 0.9

Mass of copper, m = 700 g

Temperature change, dθ ;t2 - t1 = (82.1 - 30.7) = 51.4

Energy required, E = mcdθ

E = 700 * 0.9 * 51.4

E = 32382 J

Energy required on kJ

32382 / 1000

= 32.382 kJ

= 32.4 kJ

Which obstacle was faced by African Americans serving in the armed forces during World War II?
They were forced to serve in segregated units.
They were not subject to military conscription.
ОООО
None of them ever saw combat during the war.
They were placed under French command.

Answers

They were not subject to military conscription

If you began a reaction with the following ions in solution, what would be the net ionic equation?
Na+, PO43–, Fe2+, and NO3–

Answers

Answer:

2 PO₄³⁻(aq) + 3 Fe²⁺(aq) ⇒ Fe₃(PO₄)₂

Explanation:

Let's consider the complete ionic equation between the ions present. It includes all the ions and the insoluble compounds (Fe₃(PO₄)₂ is insoluble).

Na⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) + 3 Fe²⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq) ⇒ Fe₃(PO₄)₂ + Na⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq)

The net ionic equation includes only the ions that participate in the reaction (not spectator ions) and the insoluble compounds.

2 PO₄³⁻(aq) + 3 Fe²⁺(aq) ⇒ Fe₃(PO₄)₂

Fill in the blanks. 3NH3

Answers

Answer:

3, 9, 3

Explanation:

The coefficient of 3 tells us that there are three molecules (the chemical unit of NH3). Each molecule of ammonia (NH3) is made up of 1 atom of nitrogen bonded to 3 atoms of hydrogen.

Since there are three molecules, we have three times the amount of atoms there are in one molecule.

3 x 1 = 3 nitrogen

3 x 3 = 9 hydrogen

Rocks are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous on the basis of
the
a. age of the rocks.
b. way the rocks were formed.
c. types of fossils the rocks contain.
d. number of minerals found in the rocks.

Answers

The answer is the way the rocks were formed.

how many moles of nitrogen gas are produced in the reaction if we started with 6 moles of ammonium nitrate

Answers

9moIN2 :
The molar ratio between Nitrogen and ammonia is
1
:
3
, therefore, to produce 18 moles of ammonia, we will need

______ occur between molecules that have permanent intramolecular differences in elecronegativity.
A. Dipole-dipole interactions
B. Dispersion forces
C. Hydrogen bonds​

Answers

The answer is dipole dipole interactions

Answer:

Dipole-dipole interactions

Explanation:

Which change represents an oxidation reaction?

Answers

Here is the answer. (E) F e + Cu2^+^ — Fe^2+^ + Cu

What is the correct shape and polarity of a water molecule

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

because both H's should be positive and O is supposed to be negative.

4. What is the specific heat of a substance if 5800 joules is
released in a 250 gram sample that will cool the substance from
60 degrees to 45 degrees?

Answers

Answer: 23.2

Explanation:

Which of these elements has the lowest ionization energy?
A. Si
B. CI
C. S
D. Na

Answers

Answer:

D . Na

Explanation:

Help help help !!!!!!

Answers

Answer:

3. 116.5 V

4. 119.6 V

Explanation:

3. Determination of the voltage.

Resistance (R) = 25 Ω

Current (I) = 4.66 A

Voltage (V) =?

V = IR

V = 4.66 × 25

V = 116.5 V

Thus, the voltage is 116.5 V

4. Determination of the voltage.

Current (I) = 9.80 A

Resistance (R) = 12.2 Ω

Voltage (V) =?

V = IR

V = 9.80 × 12.2

V = 119.6 V

Thus, the voltage is 119.6 V

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