A student needs to dilute a 0.49 M Pb(NO3)2 solution to make 87.0 mL of 0.21 M Pb(NO3)2 . Set up the calculation by placing the values with the correct units into the equation. Then, calculate the volume, in milliliters, of the 0.49 M Pb(NO3)2 solution that is needed.

The spectrochemical series of the ligands the more the strong field ligand the more will be the ∆o values so the cyanide is the most strong field ligand and the chloride is the weak field ligand.

What is spectrochemical series?

Common ligands are arranged in an increasing order of their crystal-field splitting energies (CFSE), which is known as a spectrochemical series. The series' strong field ligands are found on the R.H.S, whereas weak field ligands are found on the L.H.S.

What is ligand ?

In order to create a coordination complex, an ion or molecule known as a ligand must donate two electrons to the main metal atom or ion. The Latin origin of the word ligand is the verb to bind or tie. Anions, cations, as well as neutral molecules, can serve as ligands.

[Fe(CN)6]3-  -----> 1

[Fe(H​​​​​2​​​​​O)6]3+ -----> 2

[Fe(Cl)6]3- -----> 3

According to the order of magnitude of crystal field stabilization energies the order of magnitude of the splitting is given above .

From the spectrochemical series of the ligands the more the strong field ligand the more will be the ∆o values so the cyanide is the most strong field ligand and the chloride is the weak field ligand and the water is in between them so the cyanide complex will have more ∆o value and aqua complex have the second ∆o value and the chloride complex have the third ∆o value in their order of magnitudes.

Therefore, spectrochemical series of the ligands the more the strong field ligand the more will be the ∆o values so the cyanide is the most strong field ligand and the chloride is the weak field ligand.

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The anaerobic breakdown of carbohydrates produces alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 and thus with the empirical formula Cₘₙ.

Microorganisms employ the fermentation of carbohydrates to produce energy. During glycolysis, the majority of bacteria convert glucose to pyruvate; however, certain species utilize alternative routes. A single carbohydrate-containing basal medium makes up a fermentation medium.

Durham tubes are placed upside-down in the test tubes to monitor gas production, and phenol red is employed as a PH indicator. In order to produce acid: 1. Positive: The medium will turn yellow after incubation. 2-Unfavorable: The incubation medium will continue to be red. When producing gas: Positive: A bubble can be seen in the Durham tube. 2. Negative: Durham tube has no bubble. Yes, various bacterial groups or species have diverse patterns for fermenting carbohydrates.

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Hybridization in ethylene molecule (C2H4) occurs due to the overlapping of the two 2s atomic orbitals as well as one 2p atomic orbital of the two carbon atoms.

This overlapping produces four identical sp hybrid orbitals, each containing one electron from each carbon atom. Hybridization allows the bonding between the two carbon atoms, forming the carbon-carbon double bond. The sp2 hybridization of the carbon atoms results in the formation of a linear shape of the ethylene molecule.

The two unhybridized p atomic orbitals of the two carbon atoms lie perpendicular to each other. This results in the formation of a π bond between the two carbon atoms, as the electrons in the two unhybridized p orbitals can move freely between the two carbon atoms.

The linear shape of the ethylene molecule is due to the fact that the two sp2 hybrid orbitals of the two carbon atoms are oriented in opposite directions and are parallel to each other. The two hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon atoms through single covalent bonds, forming the carbon-hydrogen single bonds.

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5.13 moles of  NO₂ is produced from 4.5 moles of O₂, assuming the reaction has a 57% yield.

Given reaction:

2NO (g)   +  O₂ (g) → 2NO₂(g)

2mole        1 mole     2mole

Here,

1 mole of O₂  produces= 2 moles of NO₂

Therefore,

4.5 moles of O₂  will produce

= 2 × 4.5 moles

= 9 moles of NO₂

For 100 % yield, 9 moles of NO₂ is produced from 4.5 moles of O₂

Assuming the reaction has a 57% yield, number of moles of NO₂ produced is calculated as:

% yield= [tex]\frac{ actual yield}{ theoretical yield}[/tex] ×  100%

57 = [tex]\frac{actual yield}{ 9 mole}[/tex] ×  100%

actual yield = 9 moles × 57 /100

actual yield= 5.13 moles

Thus, 5.13 moles of  NO₂ is produced from 4.5 moles of O₂

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Boiling points of pure solids are usually reported along with pressure because boiling point is a function of pressure.

What is the boiling point?

The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the pressure of the gas.

Different pressures will produce different boiling points for the same substance. The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to the ambient pressure surrounding it. For example, water has a boiling point of 100°C (212°F) at sea level, whereas at higher altitudes (higher pressures) the boiling point of water is lower.

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Molecular Orbital of Water is H2O

Each hydrogen atom has a 1s orbital. Two of the O(2sp3) hybrid orbitals and 2 of the H(1s) orbitals combine to make 2 sigma bonding and 2 sigma antibonding molecular orbitals.In H2O hybridization orbitals having the same energy level will combine to form hybrid orbitals.The water molecule has two lone pairs and two bond pairs. Each O‒H covalent bond is called a sigma (σ) bond.H2O has a tetrahedral arrangement of molecules or an angular geometry. This is mainly because the repulsion from the lone pair combination is more than bond-pair repulsion. Additionally, the existing pairs do not lie in the same plane. One pair is below the plane and the other one is above. This bond geometry is commonly known as a distorted tetrahedron.

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Zero, A trigonal planar molecule requires that there are no lone pairs breaking the molecule's parity. This insure that all three atoms exist on the same plane.

What is a molecule?

A group of two or more atoms held together by tempting forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not add ions which propitiate this criterion is called molecule.

What is an atom?

The smallest unit of ordinary substance forms a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms called an atom. Atoms are much small, typically around 100 picometers across.

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Because carbon establishes four bonds to other atoms, whereas hydrogen and fluorine only form one, the balls used to symbolize these elements have four and oxygen has two holes and number of holes represent the number of bond formation, respectively.

Fluorine is univalent, which means it can only create one bond with hydrogen, whereas carbon is tetravalent and can establish up to four bonds. As a result, carbon has four holes while fluorine and hydrogen only have one. Each molecule of HF has one hydrogen atom that may form a hydrogen bond, while the fluorine atom possesses three lone pairs of electrons. The maximum amount of hydrogen atoms can form hydrogen bonds, and each HF molecule will typically form two hydrogen bonds.

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Answer: _NH3 2O2->_HNO3_H2O

Explanation:

If in the question all the twos and threes are subscripts, that is the answer. Just put a 2 in front of the oxygen on the left side of the yield arrow, and everything will be balanced.

The quantity is divided by volume it really is dissolved in to get the concentration. quantity concentration amount. = For instance, you may dissolve. sodium chloride, 0.9g.

The volume of an item in three dimensions is the area occupied inside its boundaries. It is referred to as the object's capability on occasion..

Number of moles per solute (KI) per volume of water (KI + water) is how molarity is defined.

Additionally, we require the molar mass for KI, which is 166 g/mol.

The number of moles of KI = 2.08 g/166 g/mol = 0.0125 moles KI

Volume = 279 mL = 0.279 L (1 L = 1000 mL)

0.125 moles KI ------- 0.279 L of solution

X ------- 1 L of solution

X = 0.448 mol/L

Molarity = number of moles (KI)/Volume of solution (L)

Molarity = 0.125 moles/0.279 L = 0.448 mol/L or M

Answer: M = 0.448 mol/L

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The most stable carbocation would be formed by t-butyl bromide alkyl halide. Carbocation stability is typically correlated with the number of methyl groups connected to the core carbon.

Chemical substances called halides include halogens. There are halides in nature, and some of them, like salts and acids, are necessary for maintaining human existence. Halides are present in minerals, living things, and plants. Table salt, or NaCl, is the most popular halide.

The sodium, salt, and hydrochloric acid salts make up the group of minerals known as halides. This category of minerals includes the crystals halite, sylvite, and carnallite, which only include chloride with petrogenic significance. Rock salt, also known as halite (NaCl), is the crystalline form of sodium chloride.

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sp hybridization is observed when one s and one p orbital in the same main shell of an atom mix to form two new equivalent orbitals. The new orbitals formed are called sp hybridized orbitals. It forms linear molecules with an angle of 180°

-This type of hybridization involves the mixing of one ‘s’ orbital and one ‘p’ orbital of equal energy to give a new hybrid orbital known as an sp hybridized orbital.

-sp hybridization is also called diagonal hybridization.

-Each sp hybridized orbital has an equal amount of s and p character – 50% s and 50% p character.

HYBRIDIZATION : Redistribution of the energy of orbitals of individual atoms to give orbitals of equivalent energy happens when two atomic orbitals combine to form a hybrid orbital in a molecule. This process is called hybridization.

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Answer:

it would be answer (B)

Explanation:

The Mercury column will change in length by its linear coefficient of expansion multiplied by its initial length multiplied by the temperature change.

P = 75 cm Hg. Consequently, atmospheric pressure is given by

P= lcos=lcos60=l/2 , l=2P=275 cm, and l=150 cm.

With everything in place, we can now determine the cutting length of the diamond stirrup in our case. The calculation is as follows: bend deduction = (4 arm length) + (2 hook length). The expansion of mercury occurs when it is heated in a column that is not restricted in length. Mercury's linear thermal expansion is affected by the liquid column's beginning height, mercury's changing temperature, and mercury's thermal expansion coefficient. Consequently, the liquid's expansion or contraction as a result of the change

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Solutions that contain water as the solvent are known as aqueous solutions.

A liquid that dissolves another chemical to produce a homogenous mixed solution is known as a solvent. Based on its physiochemical, the solvent, which comprises the majority of something like the liquid, determines why a substance will assume the shape of a solid, liquids, or gas.

Solvents are a group of heterogeneous compounds that can be used to weaken, disintegrate, or distribute other molecules. The ability of a solvent to dissolve another molecular depends on the chemical composition and physical traits of both the solvent and the solute.

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A titration of 15 mL of NaOH requires 10.50 mL of 0.450 M H₂SO₄ . the molarity of NaOH solution is 0.53 M

The reaction is given as :

H₂SO₄   +    2NaOH    ----->    Na₂SO₄  +  2H₂O

molarity of H₂SO₄ = 0.450 M

volume = 10.50 mL = 0.01050 L

moles of H₂SO₄ = molarity × volume

                           = 0.450 × 0.0105

                           = 0.004 mol

moles of H₂SO₄ = 2 moles of NaOH

moles of NaOH = 2 × 0.004

                          = 0.008

molarity of NaOH = 0.008 / 0.015

                              = 0.53 M

The molarity of the NaOH solution with volume 15 mL is 0.53 M.

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For a real gas to approach the properties of an ideal gas, the pressure should be low, the attraction between the molecules should be high, and temperature should be high.

Ideal gas conditions are:

         PV =nRT

The real gas conditions are:

       (P +αn²) (V - nb) = nRT

             V²

Thus, real gases behave ideally at high temperatures and low pressures.

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A bonding electron is more likely to exist in the domain tagged by Box B because the oxygen nucleus has a stronger enchantment for electrons than the carbon nucleus.

What is Electron?

An electron is a negatively charged subatomic molecule. It can be either free, or confined to the nucleus of an atom. Electrons in atoms exist in spherical coat of several radii, representing energy levels.

What is nucleus?

The nucleus has been plainly described as a membrane-bound structure that includes the genetic article of a cell.

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T-butyl bromide alkyl halide would result in the formation of the most stable carbocation. The quantity of methyl groups bonded to the core carbon is often associated with carbocation stability.

Halogens are a class of chemical compounds known as halides. There are halides in the natural world, and some of them, like salts and acids, are essential to sustaining life. Halides can be found in minerals, organisms, and plants. NaCl, or table salt, is the most widely used halide.

The class of minerals known as halides includes the sodium, salt, and salts of hydrochloric acid. The crystals halite, sylvite, and carnallite are part of this group of minerals, and they exclusively include chloride that has petrogenic significance. Halite, another name for rock salt (NaCl).

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The chemical shift, in parts per million (ppm), if the sample is analyzed with a 400.0 ‑MHz instrument is

if ¹H signal observed = 194.0 Hz

frequency = 115 MHz

the chemical shift = shift ( Hz ) / spectrometer frequency

the chemical shift = 194 Hz / 115 MHz

                              = 1.68 ppm

for the same proton the chemical shift does not change . Thus, chemical shift in part per million of the sample analyzed with 400 MHz,  the chemical shift will be same for 400 MHz that is 1.68 ppm.

this question is incomplete , the complete question is :

A ¹H NMR signal is observed at 194.0 Hz ( downfield of TMS) on a 115 MHz instrument.

a) what is the observed chemical shift in part per million?

b) what is the chemical shift, in parts per million (ppm), if the sample is analyzed with a 400.0 ‑MHz instrument?

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The concentration of h2so4 when 12.3 ml of 0.200 m naoh solution is needed to neutralize 10.0 ml of h2so4 solution is 0.123 M.

What is solution?

In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more compounds in their relative proportions that can be continually altered up to what is referred to as the limit of solubility. Although the word "solution" is frequently used to refer to the liquid state of matter, solutions of gases and solids are also possible.

Solutions come in many forms, such as sugar and salt solutions, soda water, etc. In a solution, each element appears as a separate phase.

The answer is 0.123 M because the molarity of a solution can be determined using the following equation:

Molarity = (moles of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)

For this problem, you need to calculate the moles of H2SO4 in 10.0 ml of the solution. To do that, you need to convert the volume to liters first. 10.0 ml = 0.010 L. Now, you can calculate the moles of H2SO4:

Moles of H2SO4 = (Molarity of H2SO4) x (0.010 L)
Moles of H2SO4 = 0.123 M x 0.010 L = 0.00123 moles

Now, you can calculate the molarity of the H2SO4 solution using the same equation as before:
Molarity of H2SO4 = (0.00123 moles) / (0.010 L)
Molarity of H2SO4 = 0.123 M

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0.6122L volume of a 0.450 m naf solution is required to react completely with 935 ml of a 0.320 m strontium chloride solution , 0.15 ml moles of strontium fluoride are formed from this reaction

A strontium and chlorine salt is known as strontium chloride. It is a "typical" salt and creates watery neutral solutions. This salt creates a bright red flame, just like all strontium compounds do, and is frequently used in pyrotechnics because of this.

PART A

Number of moles of SrCl, Molarity Volume (L)

=0.420x0.357 L

=0.15 mol

According to the reaction, 2 mol of NaF reacts with 1 mol of SrCI,

Therefore, number of moles of NaF needed to react with 0.15 mol of StCl, is calculated as follows:

Number of moles of NaF needded = 0.15 molx2 mol NaF1 mol

=0.30 mol NaF

Volume of NaF needed

=no. of moles/molarity

=0.30 mol/0.490 mol/L

=0.6122 L

PART B

For 1 mol of SrCl,, 2 mol of NaF is required to form 1 mol of STF, Therefore, moles of SrF, formed by 0.30 mol of NaF is calculated as follows:Moles of SrF, formed = 1/2x0.30 

=0.15 mol

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The number of moles of HF needed to react with 0.3 mol of Na₂SiO₃ is 0.24 moles.

The given reaction is,

Na₂SiO₃ (s)+HF (aq) -----> H₂SiF₆ (aq)+NaF (ag)+H₂O (l). This equation is to be balanced at first which is given by,

Na₂SiO₃+8HF-----> H₂SiF₆+ 2NaF + 3H₂O

In addition to that, the number of moles of Na₂SiO₃ given is 0.300 moles.

It can be clearly seen from the reaction that 1 mole of Na₂SiO₃is needed to react with 8 moles of HF. Therefore,

0.300 mol of Na₂SiO₃ will need the following amount of HF,

                                = 8x0.3

No of moles of HF = 0.24 mole of HF

Therefore, the 0.24moles of HF is required to react with 0.300 moles of NaSiO3.

In this way, the number of moles required could be computed easily.

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The equilibrium constant is 12.5

The equilibrium constant of a chemical response is the price of its response quotient at chemical equilibrium, a kingdom approached by means of a dynamic chemical device after enough time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards in addition trade.The equilibrium consistent of a chemical response is the price of its response quotient at chemical equilibrium, a kingdom approached by a dynamic chemical device after enough time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency in the direction of further trade.

Calculations:-

CH₄ + H₂O --------->  CO + 2H₂

[CO] = 10⁻² mol/L

    = 0.01 mol/l

[H₂] = 5 × 10⁻¹ mol/l = 0.5 mol/l

[H₂O] = 10⁻² mol/l = 0.01 mol/l

[CH₄] = 10⁻² mol/l = 0.01 mol/l

K = [CO][H₂]³/[CH₄][H₂O]

 = (0.01) × (0.5)³/(0.01)×(0.01)

Kc = 12.5

Equillibirium constant =  12.5

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No, because obliteration isn't typically regarded as fraudulent since the alteration isn't being concealed  (option -B) is correct answer.

Signatures in the plural. One countable noun Your signature, which is simply your name written in your distinct style, is frequently placed at the end of a document to show that you either wrote it or that you agree with what it says.

On a piece of paper, sign your name. Take a picture of your handwritten signature using the camera app on your smartphone. Send the picture to your email address using your phone. After receiving the image, save it to your computer and then add it to your email.

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The original mass of the sample is  15g

t = 2.303/k × log a/ a-z

k = rate constant  = 0.0198  days–1

t = time passed by the sample = 98.3 days

a - x = amount left after decay process = 2.14

t = 2.303/k × log a/ a-z

the original mass of the sample a = 15g

The mass of a sample of a chemical compound is divided by the quantity of that substance, or the number of moles in the sample, measured in moles, to obtain the compound's molar mass in chemistry. In contrast to molecular properties, a substance's molar mass is a bulk property. The compound. is present in many different. forms, each with a different mass as a result of the isotopes. The molar mass represents the average of these masses. The molar mass is most frequently calculated from the standard atomic weights and is a function of the relative abundance of the constituent atoms' isotopes on Earth. It is thus a terrestrial average.

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The value of div f is (3 - p)/r^p when r = x i + y j + z k and r = |r| and if we assume f = r/r^p.

It is given in the question that, r = x i + y j + z k and r = |r|.

We know that,

f = R/rp

f = <x, y, z> / |<x, y, z>|^p

f = <x/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2), y/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2), z/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2)>;.

So, For finding div f, We need to take partial derivative:

div f = (d/dx) x/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2) + (d/dy) y/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2) + (d/dz) z/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2)

Now, we need to use the rational derivative rule to find the derivatives:

div f = [1(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2) - x × px(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2 - 1)] / (x² + y² + z²)^p + [1(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2) - y × py(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2 - 1)] / (x² + y² + z²)^p + [1(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2) - z × pz(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2 - 1)] / (x² + y² + z²)^p

div F = (x² + y² + z²)^(p/2 - 1){[(x² + y² + z²) - px²] + [(x² + y² + z²) - py²] + [(x² + y² + z²) - pz²]} /(x² + y² + z²)^p

div f = [3(x² + y² + z² - p(x² + y² + z²)] / (x² + y² + z²)^(p/2 + 1)

div f = (3 - p) (x² + y² + z²) / (x² + y² + z²)^(p/2 + 1)

div f = (3 - p)/(x² + y² + z²)^(p/2)

Now it comes like, div F = (3 - p)/r^p.

Therefore, div f = (3 - p)/r^p

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The answer is:

Halogens such as F2 and Cl2

Hydrogen gas

Nitrogen and oxygen

Diatomic elements are seven unique molecules that are composed of two atoms. All of the elements in this elite group are gases. If we look at the prefix 'di-' in the word diatomic, it comes from the Greek origin of 'two.' Every molecule has its own unique molecular formula, and for diatomic elements, their formula always contains a subscript of 2, which represents two atoms in its structure. As an example, the diatomic element oxygen has a formula of [tex]O_{2}[/tex], meaning there are two separate oxygen atoms present.

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Yes, this statement is true that solubility curves are used to determine if a solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated at a specific pressure.

What do you mean by solubility curves?

The solubility of a solid in a given solvent is defined as the number of grams of the solute required to saturate 100g of the solvent at a particular temperature. The solubility of a given substance at a given temperature can be determined from its solubility curve. Solubility curve can be used to determine the amount of substance deposited when the solution is cooled. Solubilities of different substances at a particular temperature can be determined.

When any solid is in contact with its solution for sufficient time, then the solid will dissolve if the solution is not saturated or solid will grow at the expense of the solution if the solution is supersaturated. In any case, the solubility curve represents equilibrium conditions.

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To calculate the atoms of an element in a given molecule, we need to multiply stoichiometry by the number that is written on the foot of that element. Therefore, the balanced equation is Cl[tex]_2[/tex]+ NaI [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] NaCl + I[tex]_2[/tex].

Balanced equation is the one in which the total number of atoms of a species on reactant side is equal to the total number of atoms on product side. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved. There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combination reaction, displacement reaction.

The other characteristic of balanced reaction is that physical state should be written with each compound or molecule on reactant and product side. Physical state should be written in brackets. s means solid, l means liquid, g means gas.

The balanced reaction when chlorine gas is bubbled through a solution of sodium iodide is given as

Cl[tex]_2[/tex]+ NaI [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] NaCl + I[tex]_2[/tex]

Therefore, the balanced equation is Cl[tex]_2[/tex]+ NaI [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] NaCl + I[tex]_2[/tex].

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