The calculated values are 62.1 Ksi is the maximum normal stress.
Max. Shear stress is 31.05 ksi.
Assuming inner vessel pressure is 60 psi
t=0.375 in, which is the thickness of the vessel's wall
d0/2 -t where r = inner radius
13 x 12 Equals 156 inches, or d0=13 feet in inches.
=78 - 0.375
=77.625 in
The formula for calculating the maximum normal stress in a spherical container is
σ=pr/2t
= 60 x 77.625/ 2 x0.375
100 / 6210 psi = 62.1 Ksi
Shear tension at its maximum, max = max /2
62.1 Ksi/2
=31.05ksi
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In which of the following areas does a WAN differ from an internetwork? (Choose all that apply.)
a. WANs use service providers for the network connection.
b. WANs can't transport Network-layer protocols.
c. WANs use serial communication technologies that can span miles.
d. WANs don't use
Option a is correct. The following area in which WAN differ from an internetwork is WANs use service providers for the network connection.
Wide area networks are telecommunications systems that cover a large geographic area (WAN). Wide area networks are commonly put up using leased telecom connections.
Wide area networks are used by businesses to transmit information to employees, students, clients, purchasers, and suppliers in different parts of the world. Governments and educational institutions also employ them. In essence, this method of communication makes it possible for a business to effectively do its regular activities wherever it is. The Internet might be categorized as a WAN.
A computer network that covers several continents, or even the entire planet, is often referred to as a WAN.
However, it may be best to view WANs as computer networking technologies used to transmit data over long distances in terms of the application of communication protocols and concepts.
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draw the shear and moemnt diamgrams for the beam subjected to the concentrated loads. what are the values of the shear force and bending moment at x
Since the beam is symmetrical, the support reaction will be same i.e. VA = VC = 100 kN. shear force is zero & bending moment is zero
Share force is SFaleft=0Staright
100KNSFbleft=100KNSFbright=100-200
=-100KNSFcleft=-100KNSFcright=0
Bending moment is BMa=0Bmb
=100*5
=500KNBMc
=100*10-200*5=0
All the forces operating on either side of the section are added together algebraically to form the shear force. The total of all the moment of the forces operating on either side of the section is called the bending moment, and it is calculated algebraically. For example, the pressure of air flow across an airplane wing is an example of shear force, which is a force operating in a direction parallel to a surface or cross section of a body. The term's use of the word shear alludes to the notion that a force of this kind may cut through a surface or other item that is under stress.
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explain how lead and lag indicators are used in a quality program to develop measurement systems, and link your response with the use of a sweatt model, as discussed during week 4.
A leading indicator anticipates future results and occurrences.
A trailing indicator evaluates whether the desired outcome was realised in the past.
Why lead and lag indicators used ?In performance evaluation and management, the terms "leading indicator" and "lagging indicator" have come to be considered standard language. However, the line separating the two can occasionally be a little blurry; some indications, for example, are a little of both.
If managers want to develop a precise picture of performance, they must ensure that both types of metrics are in place and grasp the differences between the two.
A leading indicator anticipates future results and occurrences.
A trailing indicator evaluates whether the desired outcome was realised in the past.
The goal of leading indicators is future prediction. In economics, the phrase "leading indicator" refers to a quantifiable economic factor that shifts before the economy begins to exhibit a certain pattern or trend.
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TRUE/FALSE. circuit components that are connected in such a way that they provide different current paths are said to be connected in parallel.
It's TRUE that circuit components that are connected in such a way that they provide different current paths are said to be connected in parallel.
What is Circuit?
A circuit in electronics is a complete circular path through which electricity flows. A basic circuit is made up of a current source, conductors, and a load. The term circuit can be used broadly to refer to any fixed path through which electricity, data, or a signal can travel.
How electronic circuits function?
In an electronic circuit, electrons exit the power source, travel along conductors, perform work in a load, and then return to the power source. The electrons flow in a circular path, which is why it is called a circuit. Ohm's Law describes the relationship between electrical flow and load. Electrons in a circuit travel from the negative side of the power supply to the positive side.
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technician a says that dirt bypassing the filter on many common rail injectors can cause an injector to stick open and continuously fuel a cylinder. technician b says that any dirt particles may potentially damage the injector, but would not allow an injector to full fuel or the engine to run away. who is correct?
Technician a is correct because he says that Many common rail injectors filters can be bypassed by dirt, which can lead to an injector sticking open and continuously fueling a cylinder.
Coalescence is used to separate the water and fuel. To the fuel injector cleaning kit, fasten your air compressor. Diesel engines run at compression ratios that are greater than those of gasoline engines. greater ratio compared to gasoline engines. increased thermal expansion as a result. more fuel energy that is transformed into usable power. The great benefit of using a dry cylinder sleeve is that by quickly installing new sleeves, the cylinder block can be quickly restored to its original specifications. Vacuum drying can be used to get rid of small amounts of water. A nozzle is used to spray the fuel into the vacuum chamber of engines. Air and unsolved free water are taken out of the oil. The fuel is evenly dispersed, which facilitates efficient drying.
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the service gaps model can be very useful to improve the delivery of services. drag each example to the type of gap it exemplifies.
The business is unable to comprehend what the client desires. The knowledge gap is the discrepancy between what the client expects from the service and what the business actually offers.
In essence, this gap exists because management is unsure of what exactly customers are expecting. In comparison to human service providers, it produces less heterogeneity. - Customers are given more power over the service as a result. Customers can access a greater range of services and information thanks to it. Although they are definitely not necessary for providing excellent customer service, rewards might encourage your staff to go above and beyond the call of duty. You may address some of the issues that businesses are currently facing by rewarding your staff for providing excellent customer service.
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let $o$ denote the centroid of triangle $abc$. let $m$ and $n$ be points on sides $ab$ and $ac$, respectively, so that $m$, $o$, and $n$ are collinear, and $am/mb
The solution is 4/9≤r<1/2.The total area that is bounded by a triangle's three sides is referred to as the triangle's area.
Find the solution ?The total area that is bounded by a triangle's three sides is referred to as the triangle's area.In essence, it is equal to 1/2 of the height times the base, or A = 1/2 b h.
AB→=b→,AC→=c→AM→=λ(b→)AN→=μ(c→)
Let G divides MN in the ratio K:1
So, K+1Kμ(c→)+λ(b→)=3b→+c→
⇒K+1Kμ=31K+1λ=31K=μλλ1+μ1=31A.M≥G.M2λ1+μ1≥λ1.μ1
⇒λμ
≥32
Now, Area△ABCArea△AMN=21∣∣∣∣∣(b→)×(c→)∣∣∣∣∣21λμ∣∣∣∣∣(b→)×(c→)∣∣∣∣∣
=λμ
using λ1+μ1=31
Ratio =3λ−13λ2
which has a maximum value 21
So option C is correct
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assume it is important that the warping not exceed 0.5 mm. an engineer suggests that if the temperature is kept below the level computed in part (e), we can be sure that the warping will not exceed 0.5 mm. is this a correct conclusion? explain.
This is not the right conclusion, no. Temperature is one of many factors that might induce warping, but this is not the only one. Warping can also be influenced by other elements like humidity.
What is temperature ?
The physical concept of temperature indicates in numerical form how hot or cold something is. A thermometer is used to determine temperature. Thermometers are calibrated using a variety of temperature scales, which historically defined distinct reference points and calorimetry substances. As a result, maintaining the temperatures below the value calculated in part (e) is insufficient to ensure that the warping is not greater than 0.5 mm.
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ricard, an engineer, supervises the construction of a new mountainside roadway. the road collapses in a landslide due to faulty grading. motorists injured in the collapse sue ricard in a tort action for negligence. under that theory, as a professional, ricard is held to the same standard of care as
Ricard in a tort action for negligence.According to that theory, Richard is expected to exercise the same level of caution as other engineers because he is a licensed professional.
NEGLIGENCE For the past 150 years or so, as in the majority of other nations, LIGENCE—the failure to exercise the ordinary care of a prudent and careful man—has been the predominant standard of civil liability for accidents. Accident cases, mostly negligence cases, make up the bulk of the civil business handled by the nation's trial courts. However, we lack a theory to explain how the concept of negligence and the fault system of accusable liability that is based on it serve social purposes. Using a sample of 1528 decisions from American appellate courts from the years 1875 to 1905, this article makes an attempt to formulate and test such a theory.
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While Perl and Awk used curly brackets to define code blocks for functions and control structures; Python uses indentation. Which can be comprised of tabs or spaces.
Group of answer choices
True
False
Comprised of tabs or spaces is true
What is meant by Comprised tabs and spaces ?You see, each line of code is formatted with spaces using the spacebar. In contrast, while using tabs, you align it with the tab key. Big effects from a small mechanical difference. Continue reading to find out more about the space vs. tabs issue and discover why programmers who use spaces make more money than their tab-using counterparts.
A tab (also known as "HT" or ASCII 0x09 or "u0009" or "t") is a single character. When that character is displayed, it frequently appears as a small amount of blank space. Traditionally, it has been represented as 8 SPACE characters.
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LetAandBbe regular languages. Is the set of strings of odd lengin fromAbeginning with 0 concatenated with the set of strings of even length fromBending with 0 a regular language (yes or no). Explain your answer sufficiently to convince me that you are correct.
By emphasizing our experience with a specific talent that the role requires, into specific detail about that experience and how you have previously used it.
By doing this, the hiring manager will get a chance to review some of your work and decide whether it meets their criteria for a candidate. Use a few of your strengths that are relevant to the job requirements as the foundation of your response to the question of what sets you apart from other applicants. These could be personal traits, professional abilities, areas of specialization, or other relevant experiences. This is a fantastic response because the interviewee highlights the success of the company and their contribution to this success while also referencing key skills from the job description.
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tech a states that several types of superchargers are manufactured for use on vehicles. tech b states that the oldest version is the roots-style supercharger. who is correct?
Available superchargers include blowers or "turbochargers" powered by engines. The turbocharger is the most popular way of supercharging these engines, with the exception of a few small engines.
Exhaust gas expansion is used by turbochargers to pump combustion air into an engine. Another innovation in internal combustion engines of the piston type that boosts performance is the supercharger. It is an air compressor that raises the pressure or density of air that enters the combustion chamber of an engine to facilitate heavy duty operation. The roots style supercharger is the oldest type of supercharger and was first used as an industrial air-moving device in the early 1900s.
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which one of the four types of chip would be expected in a turning operation conducted at low cutting speed on a brittle work material: (a) continuous, (b) continuous with built-up edge, (c) discontinuous, or (d) serrated?
In a turning operation carried out at a slow cutting conditions on a brittle work material, discontinuous forms of chips would be anticipated.
what is speed?
An object's speed, also known as "v," is the amount by which its position changes over time or by how much it changes per unit of time, making it a scalar number. The instantaneous speed is the upper limit of the average speed as that of the duration of the time period approaches zero. The average speed of an item in a period of time is equal to the distance travelled either by object divided either by duration of the term. Velocity and speed are not the same thing.
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isotropic point sources each emitting s neutrons/sec are placed in an infinite moderator at the four comers of a square of side a. compute the flux and current at the midpoint of any side of the square and at its center.
The flux and current at the midpoint of any side of the square and at its center are given by 16 x (s/a2) and 16 x (s/a) respectively.
The total flux at the midpoint of any side of the square is given by:
Flux = 4 x (s/a2)
The total current at the midpoint of any side of the square is given by:
Current = 4 x (s/a)
Flux and current at the center of the square
total flux at the center of the square is given by:
Flux = 16 x (s/a2)
The total current at the center of the square is given by:
Current = 16 x (s/a)
Therefore flux and current at the midpoint of any side of the square and at its center are given by 16 x (s/a2) and 16 x (s/a) respectively
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A box with two gases separated by an impermeable membrane is in an environment with temperature T. The membrane can move back and forth, but the gases cannot penetrate the membrane. We will assume that equipartition applies to both gases, but gas A has an excluded volume. . UA-? NAkT + constant . UB-aNBkT +constant Keep in mind that the total box volume is constant, so VA + VB = constant. equilibrium value of VA m
The thermal effects caused by putting a cylindrical fiber in an inviscid, perfect gas that an auditory wave travels through are described.
The thermal effects caused by putting a cylindrical fiber in an inviscid, perfect gas that an auditory wave travels through are described. The thermal conductivities and heat capacity of the fibers and the gas are limited. There are established expressions for the temperature distribution in the material and the gas.
Pressure oscillations in the gas, which are brought on by an acoustic wave's passage, are what cause the temperature distribution. It has been discovered that a dimensionless parameter's relative value can help determine whether the solution should be based on exact or approximative equations. This parameter depends on the thermal conductivities, heat capacities, acoustic frequency, and fiber diameter of the gas and fiber.
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technician a recommends backward flushing an oil cooler with solvent after repairing an engine that had damaged bearings. technician b says that servicing the oil cooler when bearings are damaged is unnecessary. who is correct?
Technician A is correct. Thus, recommends backward flushing an oil cooler with solvent after repairing an engine that had damaged bearings.
Antifreeze can cause contamination are improved oil viscosity or thickening of the oil (as witnessed), formation of gels and emulsions, formation of corrosive acids, premature filter plugging, and poor peripheral lubrication. The most general effect of high oil pressure is engine temperature, which ultimately makes the temperature of oil increase. Engine elements that are not functioning can also make an oil pressure increase. Low oil level refers to the most general cause of low pressure; it's also the easiest to fix. Oil changes are crucial, and between oil changes, it's just as a credential to check your motor's oil level regularly and add it as necessary.
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The arrow is pointing at the bushings the power source the rotor windings the stator windings
It is false that an AC motor works by inducing current in the rotor with the help of the magnetic field created in the stator.
Thin electrical grade steel punched laminations, often known as "punchings," are used to construct the stator core. They are segmented, which means that one layer is made up of a 360° ring made up of 12 to 24 punchings arranged side by side. To ensure a strong body of combined punchings, each layer is "staggered" with respect to the positions of the gaps between punchings in the layers below and above.
Over 200,000 punchings might be found inside the stator core of a big turbine generator. To function as a solid mechanical body, these punchings are axially clamped. The axial clamping force is produced using one of two fundamental techniques. In one, "through bolts" are inserted through core yoke holes.
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The pendulum consists of a 14-kg uniform disk and a 3-kg uniform slender rod. It is released from rest in the position shown. Suppose that L = 2.5 m. Determine its angular velocity, measured clockwise, when it rotates clockwise 90∘.
Angular velocity, measured clockwise, when it rotates clockwise 90°, w = 2.74 rad/s.
What is angular velocity?The vector representation of rotation rate, or how quickly an object rotates or revolves in relation to another point, is called angular velocity.
The time rate at which an object rotates or revolves around an axis is known as its angular velocity. Omega (sometimes ) is a Greek letter that stands in for angular velocity. Since it is measured in angles per units of time, radians per second is the SI unit for angular velocity. The angular velocity dimensionless formula is [M⁰ L⁰ T⁻¹].
Every point on an object rotating about an axis experiences the same angular velocity. However, tangential velocities at points farther from the axis of rotation differ from tangential velocities at points closer to the axis of rotation.
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what is a shim in cybersecurity
state whether stress increased or decreased pulse rate. which division of the ans caused this change?
This alteration was brought on by the sympathetic wing of the ans.
Which section of the ANS causes the heart rate to drop?When the body is at ease, resting, or eating, the parasympathetic nervous system is in charge of the digestion and rest response. In essence, it reverses the effects of sympathetic division following a stressful event. The parasympathetic nerve system speeds up digestion while slowing down breathing and heart rate.
What section of the autonomic nervous system is involved in stress response?Sympathetic nervous system: This system stimulates bodily functions that support you when you're in need, particularly during stressful or dangerous situations. The "fight-or-flight" reaction in your body is controlled by this system.
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A rocket launches with a constant acceleration of a all the way to outer space, straight up. You are not sure what a is, but it is relative small (between 2 ft/s2 and 10 ft/s?). Ignore compressibility effects. The atmosphere follows a standard temperature and pressure profile (so you can compute the density ratio directly from 0). a. As a function of a, at what altitude will the rocket experience maximum dynamic pressure q? b. What is that pressure as a function of a? c. How does the answer vary with acceleration?
The abbreviation "Maximum dynamic pressure" is Max Q. It occurs when the rocket or spacecraft is under "maximum mechanical stress" during the launch.
Which simply means that the rocket is experiencing significant physical pressure as a result of traveling through the atmosphere's air at a very high speed. After the rocket has been launched for around 60 seconds and has reached an altitude of 11 km, Max Q occurs. Max Q for the Space Shuttle happens at a similar altitude, about. The maximum dynamic pressure, or Max Q, is reached when the dynamic pressure reaches its greatest level due to the increasing velocity.
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A 50 mm diameter shaft is subjected to a static axial load of 160kN. If the yield stress of the material is 350MPa, the ultimate tensile stress is 400MPa and the fatigue limit (endurance limit) for R = -1.0 is 320 MPa, what is the amplitude of the largest fullyreversed bending moment that can be applied to this shaft so that fatigue does not occur?
The amplitude of the largest fully reversed bending moment that can be applied to this shaft so that fatigue does not occur is 3.2kNm.
What is Goodman line equation?The Goodman relation (also referred to as a Goodman diagram, a Goodman-Haigh diagram, a Haigh diagram, or a Haigh-Soderberg diagram) is an equation used to calculate the impact of mean and alternating stresses on the fatigue life of a material. It is a subfield of material failure theory in the field of materials science.A parabola known as the Gerber line and a straight line known as the Goodman line can both (conservatively) approximate a scatterplot of experimental data displayed on an amplitude versus mean stress plot.Planning is still impacted by this situation, which dates back to the 1946 court case Goodman v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The ruling's main point is that the decision of who should receive the proceeds belongs to the policy's owner.Find the attachment answer
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Determine the force in each member of the truss. Stale if the members are in tension or compression. Prob.6-3
When a force is applied to a member and it is pointed at a joint, the member is in compression. When a force is directed away from a joint that the member is attached to, it is said to be in tension.
What is tension?The pulling force transmitted axially by a string, rope, chain, or other similar object, or by each end of a rod, truss member, or other similar three-dimensional object, is referred to as tension in physics. Tension can also be described as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of the aforementioned elements. Tension, the opposite of compression, is conceivable.
To measure tension as a transmitted force, an action-reaction pair of forces, or a restoring force, the International System of Units uses newtons (or pounds-force in Imperial units). At the point of attachment to the objects to which the string or rod is connected, the ends of a string or other object that transmits tension will exert forces in the direction of the string.
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When a metal car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is.
Inside the automobile, there is no electric field.
What is the electric field inside the car like?It is safest to remain inside the car during an electrical storm since the metal body acts as a Faraday cage, containing no electrical field.There isn't an electric field inside the car as a result.Once a capacitor is fully charged, its overall electron content remains constant.There is absolutely no electric field inside of a conductor.Just outside of charges on a conductor's surface, where they begin or end, the electric field lines are perpendicular to the surface.To learn more about the electrical field refer to:
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a) Compute VL, iL, iZ and iR for the network of the figure if RL = 180 ohms.
b) Repeat part (a) if RL = 470 ohms.
c) Compute the value of RL that will establish maximum power conditions for the Zener diode.
d) Compute the minimum value of RL to ensure that the Zener diode is in the "on" state.
a) Here, VL = 9v, IL = 50mA, Ir = 50mA for the network of RL= 180 ohms.
b) If RL = 470 ohms, then VL = 10v, IL = 21.276mA, Ir = 45.45mA
c) The value of RL that will establish maximum power conditions for the Zener diode, R[tex]_{L_{(max)}}[/tex] = 1.83 kΩ
d) The minimum value of RL to ensure that the Zener diode is in the "on" state R[tex]_{L_{(min)}}[/tex] = 220 Ω
What is Zener diode?A Zener diode is a particular kind of diode made to consistently permit current to flow "backwards" (with inverted polarity) when a specific reverse voltage, called the Zener voltage, is reached.
A wide range of Zener voltages, some of which are even variable, are used in the manufacture of Zener diodes. The reverse conduction occurs in some Zener diodes with sharp, highly dopped p - n junctions and low Zener voltages; in these cases, the Zener effect, named after Clarence Zener, is caused by electron quantum tunneling in the small gap between the p and n regions.
Avalanche breakdown also occurs during the operation of diodes with higher Zener voltages, which have a more gradual junction.
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An organization has published applications on its web servers. The applications are accessible to users in the organization when they are authenticated via Active Directory.
What RAS capability will allow the organization's applications to be accessible to users outside of the organization?
Where an organization has published applications on its web servers and the applications are accessible to users in the organization when they are authenticated via Active Directory the RAS capability that will allow the organization's applications to be accessible to users outside of the organization is; "Web Application Proxy"
What is Web Application Proxy?In Windows Server Remote Access, the Web Application Proxy is a role service. It provides reverse proxy capabilities, allowing users to access corporate resources on any device from outside the corporate network.
Web Application Proxy functions in two ways. It enables enterprises to grant end users outside of the company selective access to apps running on servers within the organization. It also acts as a stumbling block between business applications and the Internet.
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which fields in an ip packet header are examined by netflow to determine whether or not a given packet is part of a flow? (select two.) answer header
Destination port, Layer 3 Protocol Type.
What is neflow?Around 1996, Cisco routers began to include a function called NetFlow that allowed users to record IP network data as it entered or left an interface. A network administrator can identify factors like the source and destination of traffic, the class of service, and the reasons for congestion by evaluating the data produced by NetFlow. Three primary parts make up a typical flow monitoring configuration (using NetFlow):Aggregating packets into flows, a flow exporter sends flow records to one or more flow collectors.The flow exporter sends data to a flow exporter, which the flow collector receives, stores, and pre-processes.Application for analysis: Examines received flow data in the context of traffic profiling or intrusion detection.To learn more about netflow, refer to
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Consider a unity-feedback control system with the open-loop transfer function G(s) = K/ (s(s^2+s+4)
A) Determine the value of the gain K such that the phase margin is 50∘?
B) What is the gain margin for this case?
A) The phase margin is given by PM = -tan-1 (ωc/ζ) - 180
where ωc is the critical frequency and ζ is the damping ratio.
For a phase margin of 50°, we have
-tan-1 (ωc/ζ) = -130°
or
ωc/ζ = tan 130°
Now, the damping ratio is given by
ζ = -log(GM)/(√π2 + log2(GM))
where GM is the gain margin.
Substituting for ζ in the above equation, we get
ωc = tan 130° × -log(GM)/(√π2 + log2(GM))
Solving for GM, we get
GM = exp(-tan 130° × √π2 + log2(GM))
Now, we can calculate the gain K from the open-loop transfer function G(s) = K/ (s(s2 + s + 4))
K = GM × (s2 + s + 4)
Substituting for GM, we get
K = exp(-tan 130° × √π2 + log2(GM)) × (s2 + s + 4)
Hence, the value of the gain K such that the phase margin is 50° is given by
K = exp(-tan 130° × √π2 + log2(GM)) × (s2 + s + 4).
B) The gain margin for this case is given by
GM = exp(-tan 130° × √π2 + log2(GM))
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1. Consider the supply contract problem scenario that we discussed in class (and in Chapter 4). That is, the seller (supplier) is MTO; the seller pays a fixed cost of $100,000 to produce, and its per unit production cost is $35; the buyer pays the seller $80 per item purchased, and sells the items, for which there is a demand, for $125; the residual price is $20. As discussed, the globally optimal solution which maximizes the combined expected profit, is for the buyer to purchase Q* = 16,000 items. This results in a combined expected profit of $1,014,500. Suppose that the buyer and seller do not share any information beyond that given in the following contract: Suppose that the buyer and seller have a revenue sharing contract with Chew being the new cost per unit for the buyer in exchange for x% revenue sharing. Suppose Chew = CM = 35. Does there exist a value of x that will both: yield both the maximum combined expected profit and equally split it between the buyer and the seller? If so, determine this value of x. If not, explain why no such value exists.
No, there is not a value of x that will yield both the maximum combined expected profit and equally split it between the buyer and the seller. This is because the maximum combined expected profit ($1,014,500) is not evenly divisible by two. Therefore, the buyer and seller cannot split the expected profit equally. The theory at play here is the game theory.
What are the basics of game theory in economics?The study of an intuitive decision in which the outcome for each respondent or "player" is influenced by the actions of everyone else is known as game theory. If you are a participant in such a game, you must analyze the actions of others before deciding on your course of action or "strategy."
The following framework is useful for considering a scenario in which game theory is applicable. Define the issue
2. Determine the important components. Differentiated goods, first-mover advantage, entrance and exit charges, variable costs, and so on are examples of key elements.
3. Create a model, such as a bimatrix or extended-form game.
4. Use the model to hone your intuition.
5. Create a plan that addresses all probable eventualities.
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some fiber optic communication systems use laser amplification to boost the intensity of light pulses passing through an optical fiber. a short segment of laser amplifier fiber is spliced into the main fiber so that the light pulses must pass through the laser amplifier fiber on their way to their destination. the light emerging from the laser amplifier fiber is much brighter than it was when it entered. one interesting aspect of the light emerging from the laser amplifier fiber is that it
In some fiber optic communication, the light emerging from the laser amplifier fiber is much brighter than it was when it entered. one interesting aspect of the light emerging from the laser amplifier fiber is that ithas the same color as the light entering the amplifier fiber.
What is Fiber amplifiers?
Fiber amplifiers are optical amplifiers that use optical fibers for laser gain. A glass fiber do*ed with rare earth ions such as erbium (EDFA = erbium-do*ed fiber amplifier), neodymium, ytterbium (YDFA), praseodymium, or thulium is typically used as the gain medium.
This active dopant is pumped (charged) with light from a laser, such as a fiber-coupled diode laser; in almost all cases, the pump light travels through the fiber core with the signal to be amplified. Raman amplifiers are a type of fiber amplifier that is not commonly used.
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