Answer: b
Explanation:
consider the reaction below. predict which reaction type is likely to occur. a) sn1 b) sn2 c) e1 d) e2 e) no reaction
B. SN2
A chemical reaction is a method wherein one or more materials, also called reactants, are transformed into at least one or more special substances, called merchandise. Materials are both chemical elements or compounds.
A few synthesis reactions can result in more than one product. Photosynthesis is one of the maximum important chemical reactions on earth. It allows plants and a few microbes to transform water and carbon dioxide gas into storable sugar and oxygen.
Chemical compounds are made from atoms of different elements, joined collectively through chemical bonds. A chemical synthesis normally involves the breaking of existing bonds and the formation of recent ones.
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what are the two main elements found in ceramics? sodium (na) and silicon (si) carbon (c) and oxygen (o) hydogen (h) and silicon (si) oxygen (o) and silicon (si)
The two main elements that are found in ceramics are Oxygen and silicon.
Ceramics are extra than pottery and dishes: clay, tiles, glass, as well as cement are in all likelihood the best-regarded examples. Ceramic substances are utilized in electronics because, relying on their composition, they'll be semiconducting, superconducting, ferroelectric, or an insulator. They are hard wearing, resistant to high temperatures and good corrosion resistance.
Therefore, option d is the correct choice as the two main elements are silicon and oxygen.
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two aqueous solutions are mixed in the calorimeter shown to determine the heat of the reaction. after measuring the change in temperature of the water bath, what equation do we use to determine the amount of heat transferred?
two aqueous solutions are mixed in the calorimeter shown to determine the heat of the reaction. after measuring the change in temperature of the water bath, the equation used is q = c*m*(change in temperature).
A calorimeter is a device used in calorimetry, a procedure for calculating heat capacity and measuring the heat of chemical processes or other physical changes. Among the most popular kinds are differential scanning calorimeters, isothermal micro calorimeters, titration calorimeters, and accelerated rate calorimeters.
It can be used to measure change on the temperature, ultimately helping in calculating heat transferred.
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calculate the most probable speed of an ideal gas of molar mass 34.3 g/mol at 53.7°c. type your answer here
The most probable speed of an ideal gas of molar mass 34.3 g/mol at 53.7°c is 131735.46 m/s.
The most probable speed of gasoline molecules described through the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is the rate at which distribution graph reaches its most. hence, if we recognise the system of this distribution, we just need to differentiate it and take into account the by-product to be identical to zero.
The maximum probable speed is the only which informs approximately the rate possessed with the aid of the most number of molecules of the gas. The most possibly velocity is the most fee on Maxwell's distribution plot. - The common pace is the sum of the speeds of all of the molecules divided by means of the number of molecules.
Calculation:-
molar mass = 34.3 g/mol
temperature = 53.7 °C = 326.7 K
vmp=√2RTM
= 1.414 × 8.314 × 326.7 × 34.3
= 131735.46 m/s
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a bottle of perfume is dropped in the corner of a room; the scent can be detected everywhere gas law
A bottle of perfume is dropped in the corner of a room, the scent can be detected everywhere because of diffusion.
If a perfume bottle is opened in the corner at a room, the scent can be detected everywhere on the room because of the diffusion. Diffusion can be defined as the movement of the particles from the higher area to the lower concentration area.
Thus, The gas in the perfume bottle is at the higher concentration in the bottle and when we opened the bottle the gas present in the form of perfume travel from higher concentration to the lower concentration.
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The yield of a chemical process is being studied. From previous experience, yield is known to be normally distributed and σ=3 . The past five days of plant operation have resulted in the following percent yields: 91.6, 88.75, 90.8, 89.95, and 91.3.
a. Find a 95% two-sided confidence interval on the true mean yield. b. Find a 95% upper level confidence interval on the true mean yield. c. How many samples of yield is needed to obtain a 95% two-sided confidence interval with width 1? d. If we don't know the value of σ , how would the 95% two-sided confidence interval be?
The two-sided confidence interval is (87.85 ≤ μ ≤ 93.11) , with 87.85 being the lower level and 93.11 being the upper level.
What is a yield in an experiment?The amount of product you actually get after doing an experiment is known as the experimental yield. Calculating the % yield will show you how much of the theoretical yield you actually achieved in a particular experiment. The quantity of pure and dry product produced in a chemical reaction is known as the reaction yield (absolute yield). The relative or percentage yield (%) is typically determined in order to assess the effectiveness of a chemical process in organic synthesis.
How is the yield of a chemical reaction determined?The percent yield can be calculated by applying the following formula:%yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100.
Brifieng:Step-by-step explanation:
Given the data:
91.6, 88.75, 90.8, 89.95, 91.3
Mean, m = Σx / n
n = sample size = 5
Mean = 452.4 / 5 = 90.48
Standard deviation, σ = 3
Zcritical at 95% = 1.96
Confidence interval :
Mean ± Error margin
Error margin = Zcritical*σ/sqrt
Error margin = 1.96 * 3/sqrt(5)
Error margin = 2.630
Lower boundary : 90.48 - 2.630 = 87.85
Upper boundary : 90.48 + 2.630 = 93.11
(87.85 ; 93.11)
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if a scientist wants to know how many mole of graphene contain 6.71 x 1024 atoms, what is the conversion factor that you will need to use?
The conversion factor that you will need to use is Avogadro's Number.
What is Avogadro's number?
The number of units in a mole of any substance, which is determined by its molecular weight in grams, is equal to 6.02214076 1023. Depending on the composition of the substance and the characteristics of the reaction, the units may be electrons, atoms, ions, or molecules.
What is atom?
An atom is a unit of matter that specifically characterizes a chemical element. One or more negatively charged electrons surround the central nucleus of an atom, which is made up of all of them. One or more protons and neutrons, which are relatively heavy particles, can be found in the positively charged nucleus.
Firstly, we will divide the given number of atoms by Avogadro's number to find the number of moles. After finding moles, we will multiply them with molar mass to find the weight of graphene containing given number of atoms.
Therefore, conversion factor that you will need to use is Avogadro's Number.
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Why is shampoo not harmful to hair but soap is?.
It is acidic shampoo. Not basic, but in between acidic and neutral. Because basic shampoo would be harmful in this situation. The basic ph of soap is incorrect.
Shampoo or hair soap, which is worse for hair?Once or twice will not harm your hair when you wash it with soap, but frequent washings with bar soap can lead to serious issues including roughness and severe tangles. Choose a shampoo instead to clean your hair. Dry shampoo is an excellent option for your hair if you wish to forgo shampoo.
Does soap damage hair?You can wash your hair with soap, but if you're used to using liquid shampoo, the results will probably not be satisfactory.
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what is the energy released in the alpha decay of 238 92u? the mass of 234 90th is 234.044 u, of 238 92u 238.051 u, of 4 2he 4.0026 u and 1 u
The energy released inside the alpha decay for 238 92u is 5.5862 MeV in this equation.
What is energy in Example?Energy can take on a variety of shapes. Examples of these include: electric power, sound energy, energy source, nuclear or atomic energy, light energy, generate heat, mechanical energy, gravity force, and so on. Each form has the potential to migrate or transform into the others. Because it's a basic human necessity, energy plays a major role in our daily lives. Our human-made structures are not only heated by energy, but also cooled by it.
Briefing:The deterioration is spelled as ²³⁸Pu→²³⁴U+⁴He
Its energy released, or its Q value, is provided by
Q=[238.04955−234.04095−4.002603]c(2)u
=0.005997×931.5MeV
=5.5862 MeV.
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what is the pressure in a region of outer space where there is 2 molecule/cm3 and the temperature is 5 k ?
When the temperature is 5 k and there are 2 molecules per cm3, the pressure is 1.38*1016 Nm2.
What degree of heat is too much for people?
People frequently cite a 2010 study that concluded that the highest limit of safety, above which the human body can no longer cool itself by draining sweat from the body's surface, would be a wet-bulb temperature of 35 C, or 95 F at 100% humidity or 115 F at 50% humidity.
Where on earth is it the hottest?
The world's hottest air temperature was recorded at Death Valley: Temperatures in the California desert's aptly called Furnace Creek region peaked on July 10th, 1913, at
Briefing:
P = nKT/V
= 2*1.38*10⁻²³*5/10⁻⁶
= 1.38*10⁻¹⁶ Nm⁻²
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click and drag to indicate whether each electrolyte is intracellular or extracellular and whether each is positively charged or negatively charged.
Potassium is positively charged inside the cell, sodium is positively charged outside the cell, phosphate is negatively charged inside the cell, and chloride is negatively charged outside the cell.
What transpires if your body is deficient in electrolytes?Blood clotting, muscular movements, acid equilibrium, and fluid control can all be affected when your body is low on electrolytes. Electrolytes aid in the regulation of your heartbeat because your heartbeat is a muscle.
How can electrolytes be replenished most effectively?Drinks like isotonic drinks, milk, apple juice, other juice drinks can all help with electrolyte balance and hydration. For the majority of people, maintaining electrolyte levels only necessitates a well-balanced diet and enough water to drink.
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1. what is the composition in weight percent of an alloy that consists of 94.1 at% ag and 5.9 at% cu? the atomic weights of ag and cu are 107.87 g/mol and 63.55 g/mol, respectively:
Alloy is a substance formed from the combination of two or more metals. It can be combinations of other elements also. To determine the chemical composition of an alloy (or any metal) are X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) are the two main methods used.
How to find weight composition of an alloy?
Given data
The composition of alloy is:
CAg=94.1%, Ag=0.941C
Ccu=5.9%, Cu=0.059C
The atomic weight of Ag is: WAg=107.87g/mol
The atomic weight of Cu is: WCu=63.55g/mol
The percentage composition for Ag.
PCAg=CAgWAgCAgWAg+CCuWCu×100PCAg=CAgWAgCAgWAg+CCuWCu×100
Substitute the given value.
PCAg=0.941×107.87g/mol0.941×107.87g/mol+0.059×63.55g/mol×100
=96.43%PCAg
=0.941×107.87g/mol0.941×107.87g/mol+0.059×63.55g/mol×100
Thus main answer is =96.43%
The percentage composition for Cu.
PCCu=CCuWCuCAgWAg+CCuWCu×100PCCu=CCuWCuCAgWAg+CCuWCu×100
Substitute the given value.
PCCu=0.059×63.55g/mol0.941×107.87g/mol+0.059×63.55g/mol×100
=3.56%PCCu
=0.059×63.55g/mol0.941×107.87g/mol+0.059×63.55g/mol×100
Thus, main answer is =3.56%
Thus, the percentage composition of Ag is 96.43%96.43% and percentage composition of Cu is 3.56%3.56%.
So, the option (b) is correct.
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g which cofactor participates directly in most of the oxidation-reduction reactions in the fermentation of glucose to lactate?
NAD+/NADH is the cofactor that participates directly in most of the oxidation-reduction reactions in the fermentation of glucose.
A chemical reaction is a method wherein one or more materials, also called reactants, are transformed into at least one or more special substances, called merchandise. Materials are both chemical elements or compounds.
A few synthesis reactions can result in more than one product. Photosynthesis is one of the maximum important chemical reactions on earth.
Chemical compounds are made from atoms of different elements, joined collectively through chemical bonds. A chemical synthesis normally involves the breaking of existing bonds and the formation of recent ones.
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Ni(s)→Ni2+(aq)+2e−
Ag+(aq)+e−→Ag(s)
Which of the following is the balanced net ionic equation for an oxidation-reduction reaction between Ag+(aq) and Ni(s)based on the half-reactions represented above?
2Ag+(aq)+Ni(s)→2Ag(s)+Ni2+(aq)2Ag+(aq)+Ni(s)→2Ag(s)+Ni2+(aq).
Ni (s), Ni+2 (aq), and two e- As the Ni releases two electrons to form Ni+2, the Silver ion must accept two electrons to balance the net reaction, therefore two silver ions will absorb two electrons to form silver. 2 e- 2 Ag + 2 Ag+ (aq) (s).
What is Redox reaction?
Redox reactions are oxidation-reduction chemical processes in which the oxidation states of the reactants change. Redox is a shortened version of reduction-oxidation. Two distinct processes—a reduction process and an oxidation process—can be used to describe all redox reactions.
Redox or Oxidation-Reduction processes always involve simultaneous oxidation and reduction reactions. In a chemical reaction, the material that is being reduced is referred to as the reducing agent, while the substance that is being oxidized is the oxidizing agent.
A chemical process in which electrons are moved between two reactants is referred to as a redox reaction. The alteration in the oxidation states of the reacting species can be used to pinpoint this electron transfer.
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6.when comparing the use of red cabbage indicator and phenolphthalein, which would give more useful results? explain your reasoning.
When comparing the use of red cabbage indicator and phenolphthalein, the one give more useful results is red cabbage indicator.
The red cabbage indicator is most useful . the red cabbage indicator gives different colors based on the solution whether it is acidic solution , basic solution or neutral solution. the red cabbage indicate gives separate color for each the these different states. the red cabbage indicator contains the a chemical known as anthocyanin. the red cabbage give red or pink color when the solution is acidic. the red cabbage indicator give purple color when the solution is neutral. the red cabbage indicator gives blue, green yellow color when the solution is basic.
Thus, the red cabbage indicator is more useful as compared to the phenolphthalein .
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consider equimolar samples of different ideal gases at the same volume and temperature. gas a has a higher molar mass than gas b. compare the pressures. a>b a
pressure: A>B, RMS: A<B, kinetic energies: A=B
Does the volume of gases differ?All perfect gases would have the same molarity since they have same number density.It'll be 22.4 L at STP.This is helpful if you really want to visualize the separation of molecules in various samples.
Why are gas volumes the same?According to Avogadro's hypothesis, all gases have an equal number of particles in an equal volume at a given temperature and pressure.The actual particle size themselves is almost negligible because the majority of a gas's volume is made up of the void space between its particles.
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the balance of aluminum is 3 in the balance of chlorine is 921 the formula for aluminum chloride is correctly written as
The formula for aluminum chloride is correctly written as AlCl₃.
What is aluminum chloride?
Chemically speaking, aluminum chloride has the formula AlCl3. It frequently exhibits a yellow hue when polluted with iron chloride as opposed to the white of the pure product. Lewis bases are employed in a variety of chemical processes; the most often utilized Lewis acid is anhydrous aluminum trichloride.
Excessive perspiration can be managed with aluminum chloride (a LOO minum klor ide). Other use for this medication are possible.
Therefore, The formula for aluminum chloride is correctly written as AlCl₃.
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how many liters of a 0.209m ki solution is needed to completly react with 2.43 g of cu(no3)2 according to the balanced chemical reaction
0.124L of 0.209m ki solution is needed to completely react with 2.43 g of cu(no3)2, by Stoichiometric coefficient
Stoichiometric coefficient is the number written in front of atoms, ion and molecules in a chemical reaction to balance the number of each element on both the reactant and product sides of the equation
Consider the following reaction
aA + bB → cC + dD , This reaction says that for a complete reaction a moles of A will react with b moles of B to produce c moles of C and d moles of D
The balanced reaction for the above given case will be
[tex]2Cu(NO_{3})_{2}[/tex] + [tex]4KI[/tex] → [tex]2CuI[/tex] + [tex]I_{2}[/tex] + [tex]4KNO_{3}[/tex]
2.43 g of Cu(NO3)2 = 1.30 × [tex]10^{-2}[/tex] moles.
Number of moles of KI = 2.60 × [tex]10^{-2}[/tex] moles
To calculate the volume of KI needed, we use the formula
M = n OR V = n ⇒ 2.60 × [tex]10^{-2}[/tex]
V M 0.209
V = 0.124L
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the combustion of ammonia in the prescne of excess oxygen yield no2 and h2o. how many grams of no2 are produced when 43.9mg of ammonia burn
The combustion of ammonia in the prescne of excess oxygen yield no2 and h2o. 0.119 grams of no2 are produced when 43.9mg of ammonia burn.
Molar mass of NH3 = 1*MM(N) + 3*MM(H)
= 1*14.01 + 3*1.008
= 17.034 g/mol
mass of NH3 = 0.0439 g
mol of NH3 = (mass)/(molar mass)
= 0.0439/17.034
= 2.577*10^-3 mol
From balanced chemical reaction, we see that
when 4 mol of NH3 reacts, 4 mol of NO2 is formed
mol of NO2 formed = moles of NH3
= 2.577*10^-3 mol
Molar mass of NO2 = 1*MM(N) + 2*MM(O)
= 1*14.01 + 2*16.0
= 46.01 g/mol
mass of NO2 = number of mol * molar mass
= 2.577*10^-3*46.01
= 0.119 g
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For reaction 2 Mg +0₂ → 2 MgO, if 4.0 g Mg is reacted, how many grams O₂ is reacted?
The mass of the oxygen that has been reacted is 2.72 g.
What is stoichiometry?We know that the term stoichiometry has to do with the way that we can be able to obtain the parameter of a reaction by looking at the balanced reaction equation of the reaction as it were.
We can see from the question that the balanced chemical reaction equation can be written as; 2 Mg +0₂ → 2 MgO
Number of moles of Mg = 4.0 g/24 g/mol
= 0.17 moles
Now;
2 moles of Mg reacted with 1 mole of oxygen
0.17 moles would now react with 0.17 moles * 1 mole / 2moles
= 0.085 moles
Mass of oxygen reacted = 0.085 moles * 32 g/mol = 2.72 g
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john weighs 85 pounds. jeff weighs 105 pounds. jake weighs 115 pounds. two of them standing together on the same scale could weigh 200 pounds.
it false john weighs 85 pounds. jeff weighs 105 pounds. jake weighs 115 pounds. two of them standing together on the same scale could weigh 200 pounds.
A pounds is defined as 16 ounces, 7,000 grains (or 0.45359237 kg) of avoirdupois weight and 12 ounces, 5,760 grains (or 0.37324171216 kg) of troy and apothecaries' weight. The letter lb comes from the Roman libra, which was the forerunner of the modern pound. The pound, also known as pound-mass, is a unit of mass that is used in both the British imperial and American customary measurement systems.
Balance Analytical These are most frequently discovered in laboratories or other locations where weighing items requires a high level of sensitivity. In analytical balances, mass is measured. Chemical analysis is always based on mass, so the results are never based on localized gravity, which would have an impact on the weight.
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How many moles of propane react when 294 g of CO2 form?
C3H8+5O2 ->3CO2+4H2O
? 1 mol C3H8 ]
The number of moles of propane that reacts when 294g of carbondioxide forms is 2.23 moles.
How to calculate moles using stoichiometry?Stoichiometry is the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).
According to this question, propane gas undergoes a combustion reaction with oxygen to form carbondioxide and water as follows:
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
Based on the balanced equation above, 1 mole of propane is required to produce 3 moles of carbondioxide.
moles of carbondioxide = 294g ÷ 44g/mol = 6.68mol
moles of propane needed = 6.68 × ⅓ = 2.23moles
Therefore, 2.23 moles of propane is required to produce 294g of carbondioxide.
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a. how does an enzyme speed up the reaction of a substrate? b. after the products have formed, what happens to the enzyme?
Enzymes speed up the reaction of the substrate by lowering the activation energy.
Substrates are the substances on which an enzyme act. In enzymes, the substrate interacts with the side chain of amino acids which leads to the formation or breaking of bonds. The interaction of a substrate molecule with an enzyme must occur before it is transformed into a product. The place of interaction between an enzyme and a substrate is known as an active site.
After the formation of the product, the enzymes remains intact which means they get back to there original form.
Therefore, enzymes speed up the reaction and remain the same after the formation of product.
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From the given lewis structure and what you know about vsepr theory, identify the shape of the molecule.
According to VSEPR theory the shape of the molecule is trigonal bipyramidal.
What is the VSEPR theory?The VSEPR theory postulates that the shape of a molecule can be predicted by the electron pairs that surround the central atoms of the molecule. The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) uses 3-D molecular geometry.
The VSEPR is a geometry that minimizes repulsion between electrons. The shape of the molecule is "trigonal bipyramidal" because of the presence of 2 single bonds in the X atom atom attached to the Y atom. The 5 main shapes of VSEPR are linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral.
The full question is:
A Lewis structure is a two-dimensional representation of a molecule that does not necessarily show what shape that molecule would take in three dimensions. From the given Lewis structure and what you know about VSEPR theory, identify the shape of the molecule. A molecule with atom Y single bonded with 2 X substituents. The Y atom has two lone pairs.
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Many organic reactions involve more than a single step. A reactive species that formed in one step and used up in the next is called a reactive _____. Such a reactive species can sometimes be isolated, even though it may be short-lived, unlike the ____ state, which is the unstable energy maximum for each step.
A reactive species that formed in one step and used up in the next is called a reactive intermediate. Such a reactive species can sometimes be isolated, even though it may be short-lived, unlike the transition state.
A certain configuration along the reaction coordinate constitutes the transition state of a chemical reaction. It is described as the condition corresponding to the maximum potential energy along this reaction coordinate. When a molecule is in a transitional state, it is neither a substrate nor a product. The transition state, an unstable structure that exists between the chemical structures of substrates and products, is the first step in every chemical transformation.
A short-lived, highly reactive molecule with high energy is known as a reactive intermediate or an intermediate. It swiftly transforms into a more stable molecule when produced in a chemical process. These chemicals can only be isolated and kept in storage under rare circumstances. Carbocation, carbanion, and the free radical are the three reactive intermediates.
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Fill in the [?]: 6.50 m = [?] cm
Answer:
650cm
Explanation:
1m = 100cm
6.50m = 650cm
Which substance should have its atmospheric concentrations reduced in order to return acid rain to rain's normal ph?.
To restore acid rain to its natural pH, Sulphur should be present in lower proportions in the atmosphere. Sulphur dioxide emissions mixed with nitrogen oxide emissions cause acid rain.
Both substances interact with airborne molecules including water, oxygen, and other molecules to produce this effect. Particularly when it comes to aquatic life, this phenomena is exceedingly hazardous for both people and other animals and plants. For example, the elevated pH prevents several kinds of freshwater fish from developing or growing. When the pH is even lower, however, in some situations, the organisms are unable to survive and eventually perish. Therefore, a decrease in atmospheric Sulphur concentrations could lessen acid rain and bring rain back to its normal pH in the atmosphere.
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glacial acetic acid is a minimum of 96% acetic acid by mass. calculate the molarity of a 97.62 (m/m) % acetic acid solution given that the solution density is 1.05 g/ml.
The molarity of a 97.62 (m/m) % acetic acid solution given that the solution density is 1.05 g/ml is 17.5M.
Reason:
Glacial acetic acid is 100% acetic acid. The MW of acetic acid is 60. The density of acetic acid (100%) is 1.05. So in 1 L we have 1.05 Kg. The number of moles of acetic acid is then 1050 g divided by 60 = 17.5 mol. So the molarity is 17.5 mold/L or 17.5 M.
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Write a nuclear equation for the most likely mode of decay for each unstable nuclide.
Part A
Re-165
Express your answer as a nuclear equation.
Part B
Th-221
Express your answer as a nuclear equation.
Part C
-85
Express your answer as a nuclear equation.
Part D
-33
These are the nuclear reactions of the unstable nuclide.
What is nuclear equation?
An equation that specifies the nuclides involved in the reaction, their mass numbers and atomic numbers, as well as the other particles involved in the reaction, is used to describe nuclear reactions.
What is unstable nuclide?
In their valence shell, they have two or eight electrons. They don't acquire, shed, or share electrons.
The ratio of the number of neutrons (N)
to the number of protons (Z)
determines the most likely mode of decay. The atomic number of an atom is represented as the number of protons (Z)
The difference between mass number(A)
and atomic number is represented as the number of neutrons(N). According to the (N/z)
value, the type of decay can be identified.
The nuclear stability belt is drawn between the number of neutrons taking at the y- axis and number of protons at the x- axis. Those lying above or below the belt are unstable nuclides while those lying at the belt are stable nuclides. This belt helps to determine the type of decay that occurs in a species, whether it is alpha decay, beta decay, positron decay or electron capture.
Number of protons (Z)= atomic number
Number of neutrons (N) = mass number(A)- atomic number(z)
If (N/z)
value is greater than 1, then it undergoes β decay. This is because the element has more neutrons and it can tend to convert into a proton by beta decay. The daughter nucleus produced from this decay has increased the atomic number by 1 unit compared to the parent nuclei and there is no change in the mass number.
X= parent nucleus
Y= daughter nucleus
If (N/z)
value is less than 1, then it undergoes positron emission. This is because the element has less neutrons and it cannot tend to convert into a proton. Therefore, it undergoes positron emission in which the daughter nucleus produced from this decay has decreased the atomic number by 1 unit compared to parent nuclei and there is no change in the mass number.
X= parent nucleus
Y= daughter nucleus
If (N/z)
ratio is too low with greater than atomic number of 82, there are too many protons and the nuclide will undergo alpha decay. The alpha decay for any element X is shown below.
A A-4 4
X Y+ a
Z Z-2 2
The most likely mode of decay for the given unstable nuclide is as follows.
Therefore, these are the nuclear reactions of the unstable nuclide.
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The town of Natrium, West Virginia, derives its name from the sodium produced in the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride(NaCl) mined from ancient salt deposits. The number of kilowatt-hours of electricity required to produce 4.60kg of metallic sodium from the electrolysis of molten NaCl(s) is_________when the applied emf is 4.50V
The number of kilowatt-hours of electricity required to produce 4.60kg of metallic sodium from the electrolysis of molten NaCl(s) is 3.13 kWh when the applied emf is 4.50V
An equation for the reaction can be given as follows;
[tex]Na^{+} + e^{-} ---- > Na (s)[/tex]
Hence, the moles of Na is equal to the moles of electron used
Therefore, we can calculate the number of moles of sodium as follows;
No of moles = mass ÷ molar mass
No of moles = 4600 g ÷ 23 g/mol (As 1 kg = 1000 g)
No of moles = 200 mol
As Q = n × F; where F represents Faraday's constant
Q = 200 mol × 96500 C
Q = 19,300,000 mol C
The relation between electrical energy and Q is as follows;
E = Q × V
Now we can substitute the given values into the above formula and then calculate the value of electricity as follows;
E = 19,300,000 × 4.50
E = 86,850,000 J
As 1 J = 2.77 × 10^-7 kWh
Therefore;
86,850,000 ÷ 2.77 × 10^-7 kWh = 3.13 kWh
Hence, we can conclude that 3.13 kilowatt-hours of electricity is required to produce 4.60kg of metallic sodium from the electrolysis of molten NaCl(s)
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